Letter of Credit 信用证 国际结算 教学课件

LetterofCreditReview1.Procedure4.Types信用证的种类普通信用证特殊信用证光票信用证CleanCredit跟单信用证DocumentaryCredit不可撤销信用证IrrevocableCredit即期付款信用证SightPaymentCredit可撤销信用证RevocableCredit议付信用证NegotiationCredit承兑信用证AcceptanceCredit延期付款信用证DeferredPaymentCredit可转让信用证TransferableCredit对背信用证BacktoBackCredit对开信用证ReciprocalCredit循环信用证RevolvingCredit预支信用证AnticipatoryCredit备用信用证Stand-byCreditACreditmuststatewhetheritisavailablebysightpayment,deferredpayment,acceptanceornegotiation.ＵＣＰ　６００Article6bAccordingtothemodeofavailability按兑用方式分类1.Sightcredit即期付款信用证⑴Definition:Aletterofcreditcallingforpaymentatonceuponthepresentationofthedocumentseitherwithorwithoutasightdraft.Draft?Undersuchacredit,thebeneficiary(thedrawer)isentitledtoreceivepaymentatonceonpresentationofhisdrafttothedraweebankortheissuingbankifdrawnontheissuingbank,oncetherelevantdocumentshavebeencheckedandfoundtobeinorder.AvailablewithXXBankBysightpayment/BypaymentByacceptanceBydeferredpaymentBynegotiationandbeneficiary’sdraft_____　drawnon□□□□□×SightpayingbankXXBank⑵FunctionclauseIssuingbank/nominatedbank×atsightBenefitExporterImporter5.2.4Accordingtothemodeofavailability按兑用方式分类2.Acceptancecredit承兑信用证⑴Definition:Acreditavailablebyacceptance,underwhichabankspecificallynominateduponthereinisauthorizedtoacceptthedraftdrawnunderthecredit.AvailablewithXXBankBysightpayment/BypaymentByacceptanceBydeferredpaymentBynegotiationandbeneficiary’sdraft　　　　drawnon□□□□□×XXBank⑵FunctionclauseIssuingbank/nominatedbankAcceptingbank×At30daysaftersightBenefitExporterImporter⑶Operationofacceptancecredit承兑信用证的处理nominatedacceptingbank1.acceptedbillbeneficiaryDiscountingbank3.presentforpaymentAccordingtothemodeofavailability按兑用方式分类3.Deferredpaymentcredit延期付款信用证①At…daysafterthepresentationofthedocuments②At…daysafterthedateofshipment⑴Definition:Thebeneficiarydoesnotreceivepaymentwhenhepresentsthedocuments,butatalaterdatespecifiedinthecredit.AvailablewithXXBankBysightpayment/BypaymentByacceptanceBydeferredpaymentBynegotiationandbeneficiary’sdraft　　　　drawnon□□□□□×XXBank⑵FunctionclauseIssuingbankAdvisingbankThirdbankWithoutabillofexchangeBenefitExporterImporterQuestionIfyouareanexporter,doyouprefertheacceptancecreditorthedeferredpaymentcredit?　　　　　　　　　　　5.2.4Accordingtothemodeofavailability按兑用方式分类4.Negotiationcredit议付信用证⑴Definition:Anegotiationcreditisoneunderwhichabankspecificallynominatedisauthorizedtonegotiateorone,whichisfreelynegotiablebyanybank.Anegotiationcreditassuresthatanybanknegotiatingthedraftswillbedulyhonoredbytheissuingbankprovidedallthetermsstipulatedarecompliedwith.Dishonor?NegotiatingbankisaholderinduecourseAvailablewithXXBankBysightpayment/BypaymentByacceptanceBydeferredpaymentBynegotiationandbeneficiary’sdraft　　　　drawnon□□□□□×XXBank⑵FunctionclauseAnyotherbanksotherthanthenegotiatingbank×①Freenegotiationcredit自由议付信用证AvailablewithanybankbynegotiationBysightpayment/BypaymentByacceptanceBydeferredpaymentBynegotiationandbeneficiary’sdraft　　　drawnon□□□□□×⑶TypesofnegotiationcreditAnyotherbanksotherthanthenegotiatingbank②Restrictednegotiationcredit限制议付信用证AvailablewiththeXXBank(nominatedbank)bynegotiationBysightpayment/BypaymentByacceptanceBydeferredpaymentBynegotiationandbeneficiary’sdraft　　　drawnon□□□□□×AnyotherbanksotherthanthenegotiatingbankBenefitExporterImporterkindsitemsSightpaymentDeferredpaymentAcceptancenegotiationrestrictivefreeBillofexchangeYes/noNoYesYes/noTenorofthebillAtsightUsanceAtsight/usanceDraweeNominatedbankNominatedbankAnybankotherthannegotiatingbankPaymenttimeAtsightfuturefuturemakepaymentatsight,minusinterestRightofrecourseNoNoNoYesAccordingtothetenor按期限分类1.Sightcredit即期信用证⑴Withorwithoutsightdraft⑵Functionclause:①Availablebysightdraftdrawnonissuingbankagainstcomplieddocuments;②Paymentistobemadeuponpresentationofthecomplieddocumentsatthecountersof____bank.Nominatedbank2.TimeCreditIfaletterofcreditspecifiesthatdraftsaretobedrawnatanylengthoftime,suchas60days,90daysor180days,aftersight,itiscalledatimeorusancecredt.AcceptanceCreditandDeferredCredit3.Usanceletterofcreditpayableatsight假远期信用证⑴Withtime/usancedraftThebeneficiarywillreceivepaymentatsight;Thediscountchargesandacceptancecommissionarefortheaccountoftheapplicant.Thecontract:termsofpaymentisatsightThecredit:termsofpaymentisatfuturetime买方为了获得伦敦或纽约贴现市场的资金融通，对于合同订明即期信用证，申请开立以伦敦或纽约的银行作为汇票付款人的远期信用证。该证项下远期汇票经过承兑拿到贴现市场贴现，或由承兑行自行贴现，买方支付贴现息，卖方即可取得即期票面金额，而买方那么待汇票到期日付款。卖方即期从贴现公司收款买方远期付款，支付贴现息、承兑费ReadingMaterial⑵Functionclause:假远期付款 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示条款①Availableforacceptanceofyourdraftat90dayssightdrawnonus,draweebank’sdiscountorinterestchargesandacceptancecommissionareforapplicant’saccount,andthereforethebeneficiaryistoreceivevaluefortermsdraftsasifdrawnatsight.②Usancedraftsdrawnunderthiscreditaretobenegotiatedatsightbasis.Interestisforbuyer’saccount.本证下的远期汇票可按即期议付处理。利息由买方负担。③Paymentaretobemadeatsightbasis.Discountcharges,acceptancecommissionandstampduty,ifany,areforaccountoftheapplicant.本证按即期付款处理。贴现费，承兑费和印花税〔如果有〕，由申请人承担。④Thenegotiatingbankisauthorizedtonegotiatetheusancedraftatsightforthefaceamount.议付行被授权对本证下的远期汇票按票面金额进行即期议付。AtransferableCreditisaCreditunderwhichtheBeneficiary(FirstBeneficiary)mayrequestthenominatedbank,specificallyauthorizedintheCreditasaTransferringBank,tomaketheCreditavailableinwholeorinparttooneormoreotherBeneficiary(ies)(SecondBeneficiary(ies)).6.2.5Transferablecredit可转让信用证6.2TypesofCredit信用证的种类1.Definition可转让信用证是指信用证的受益人(第一受益人)可以要求授权付款,承担延期付款责任对汇票承兑或议付的银行(统称为转让行),或当信用证是自由议付时,可以要求信用证中特别授权的转让银行,将该信用证全部或局部转让给一个或数个受益人(第二受益人)使用的信用证.applicantIssuingbankSecondarybeneficiaryAdvisingbank/transferringbankFirstbeneficiary①Applicationform②Credit③Credit④Applyfortransfer⑤transferredcredit⑥documents⑦Advisetochangethedocuments⑧Changethedocuments⑦makepayment⑨claimreimbursement⑩reimbursement⑫D/P⑬documents2.ProcedureExperimentalbook(P91)⑪advisetomakepaymentTransferablecreditExpressionoftransferamendmentTimesoftransferchangeditemsChangedDocumentstransferableThefirstbeneficiarymustirrevocablyinstructthetransferringbankwhetherornotheretainstherighttorefusetoallowthetransferringbanktoadviseamendmentstothesecondbeneficiary(ies).Refusalofanamendmentbyoneormoresecondbeneficiary(ies)doesnotinvalidatetheacceptance(s)bytheothersecondbeneficiary(ies)onceAB√ABC√ABCXABA√decrease、shortenincreaseBeneficiary,applicantUnitpriceExpirydateDateofshipmentPeriodofdateCoverpercentageCommercialinvoiceBillofexchangeExerciseBookP1271.Howtodecidewhetheracreditisatransferablecreditornot?2.Doyouknowatransferablecreditbeusedinwhatkindofinternationaltrade?5.2.6.Aback-to-backcreditmaybeusedwhenthecreditissuedinfavoroftheexporter(themiddleman)isnottransferableorthoughtransferableitdoesnotmeethisrequirements.Theexporter,namely,thebeneficiaryofthefirstcredit,offersitasasecuritytotheadvisingbankorhisbankerfortheissuanceofasecondcredit.Theonebeingissuedonthesecurityoftheother.5.2TypesofCredit信用证的种类Back-to-backcredit对背信用证1.DefinitionapplicantFirstIssuingbankSecondarybeneficiaryFirstadvisingbank/SecondissuingbankFirstbeneficiary①Applicationform②Credit③Credit④Applyfortransfer⑤transferredcredit⑥documents⑦Advisetochangethedocuments⑧Changethedocuments⑦makepayment⑨claimreimbursement⑩reimbursement⑫D/P⑬documents2.ProcedureExperimentalbook(P92)⑪advisetomakepaymentQuestions1.Distinguishthedifferencesbetweenthetransferablecreditandaback-to-backcredit?(definition,procedure,theissuingbank’sliability,etc.)5.2TypesofCredit信用证的种类5.2.7Revolvingcredit循环信用证1.DefinitionOnebywhich,underthetermsandconditionsthereof,theamountisrenewedorreinstatedwithoutspecificamendmentstothedocumentarycreditbeingrequired.⑵Typesofrevolvingcredit①Automaticrevolving自动循环②Noticerevolving通知循环③Periodicrevolving按时间循环④Cumulativerevolving积累循环⑤Non-cumulativerevolving非积累循环Non-Automatic非自动循环Semi-Automatic半自动循环按金额循环①Automaticrevolving自动循环Thetotalamountofthiscreditshallberestoredautomaticallyafterdateofnegotiation.TheamountspaidunderthiscreditavailabletoyouautomaticallyuntilthetotalofthepaymentreachesUSD_____________.②Noticerevolving通知循环〔非自动循环〕Theamountshallberestoredaftereachnegotiationonlyuponreceiptofissuingbank’snoticestatingthatthecreditmightberenewed.Theamountsofeachshipmentshallbereinstatedaftereachnegotiationonlyuponreceiptofcredit-writingimporter’sissuingbank’snoticestatingthatthecreditmightberenewed.ExerciseThiscreditisrevolvingatUSD30,000,coveringshipmentsof3consecutivecalendarmonthfromMay1999toJuly1999uptoatotalamountofUSD90,000.①timesofrevolving②eachamount③totalamount④whentousePeriodicrevolvingThiscreditisrevolvingatUSD30,000,coveringshipmentsof3consecutivecalendarmonthfromMay1999toJuly1999uptoatotalamountofUSD90,000.AutomaticrevolvingThisletterofcreditcanbeautomaticallyrenewedtotheamount...Thisletterofcreditcannotbereneweduntilreceivedthenoticefromtheissuingbank...Non-automaticrevolvingUsuallyconcernedwithabartertransactions.Theopenerandbeneficiaryarebothimportersandexporters.BookP142lastparagraph6.2TypesofCredit信用证的种类6.2.7Reciprocalcredit对开信用证我方进口国外原料时，开立凭承兑交单的远期信用证，在出口成品时，要求对方开来即期信用证，这样原料到，我方在承兑信用证项下的远期汇票后，即可提取原料进行加工，待成品完工后，就用收到的出口货款偿付应付的到期原料费，可使外汇自相平衡，以到达先收后付，不垫外汇的目的。Itisakindofpre-shipmentfinancingintendedtoassisttheexporterintheproductionorprocurementofthegoodssold.Itisacreditwithaspecialclauseaddedtheretothatauthorizestheadvisingbankoranyothernominatedbankstomakeadvancestothebeneficiarybeforehissubmissionofdocuments.6.2TypesofCredit信用证的种类6.2.8Redclause/Anticipatorycredit红条款/预支信用证1.DefinitionAredclauseletterofcreditwillbeestablishedonlyattherequestoftheapplicant,itplacestheonusoffinalrepaymentontheapplicant,whowouldbeliableforrepaymentoftheadvancesifthebeneficiaryfailedtopresentthedocumentscalledforunderthecredit,andwhowouldbeliableforallcosts.BookP144secondparagraphBenefitsofthedocumentarycredit信用证的有利方面1.WhatadvantagesandsecuritiescaneachpartygetinL/C？2.Sincethebankcredithastakenplaceofthecommercialcredit,doeseachpartyhasnorisksinL/C？