The Practice of Social Research,11e,tutorial quiz

humaninquiryandscience1ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter1Babbie,ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter1Humaninquiryandscience--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.Causalreasoningsuggeststhat:a.weuseapremodernview.b.presentcircumstancescausefuturecircumstances.c.futurecircumstancescausepresentcircumstances.d.probabilisticreasoningisnotinvolved.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.Aparticularsocietytakesthepositionthatalternativeviewsofrealityarelegitimate.Whichviewisthis?a.premodernb.nonmodernc.modernd.postmodern--------------------------------------------------------------------------------3.Samanthahasconcludedthatlivinginacoedresidencehallmakesresidentsmoreandrogynous.Asshecontinuesherresearch,shetendstofocusoneventsandsituationsthatfitthispattern.Whicherrorininquiryisreflected?a.inaccurateobservationb.illogicalreasoningc.overgeneralizationd.selectiveobservation--------------------------------------------------------------------------------4.Georgetteobservedafewpreschoolchildrenatplayandsawwhatshethoughtwasapatterninallpreschoolchildren'splaybehavior.Shecommittedwhicherror?a.inaccurateobservationb.overgeneralizationc.selectiveobservationd.illogicalreasoning--------------------------------------------------------------------------------5.VanwantstousesocialsciencetohelphimdecideifProtestantismisabetterreligionthanCatholicism.Asamethodologist,yourbestresponsewouldbe:a.dependsonwhatyoumeanby"Protestantism".b.sorry,sciencecannotsettledebatesaboutvalues.c.dependsonwhatyoumeanby"better".d.thebestthingtodowouldbetointerviewaProtestantandaCatholic.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.Vansaysthathis48-yearoldCatholicunclewillmarryhis23-yearoldatheistgirlfriendnextyearinordertoprovethatthesocialregularitythatpeopletendtomarrypeoplelikethemselvesisnotaccurate.Whatisyourbestresponseasamethodologist?a.Theobjectionthatsocialregularitiescouldbeupsetthroughtheconsciouswilloftheactorsisnotaseriouschallengetosocialscience.humaninquiryandscience2ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter1b.Van'suncleissimplyanexceptiontotherule.c.Thisregularityistootrivialtobemeaningful.d.Weneedtodevelopameasurefor"marrypeoplelikethemselves".--------------------------------------------------------------------------------7.Vaneshawishestousechurchattendanceasafactorinherstudy,withthecategories"none,""some,"and"alot."Churchattendanceandthecategoriesareknown,respectively,as:a.avariableandattributes.b.attributesandavariable.c.theoryandmethod.d.methodandtheory.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------8.Juanitadecidedtostudythedifferencesamongstudentswhochoosedifferentmajors.Everyoneinherstudy,however,haschosensociologyasamajor.Whichoneofthefollowingcanbesaidaboutherconceptofchoiceofmajor?a.Sheneedstostudymorepeople.b.Shecangoaheadanddoherstudyrelatingthetwovariables.c.Shereallyhasonlyoneconcept.d.Oneofhervariablesisn'treallyavariablebecauseithasonlyoneattribute.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------9.JoewishedtoexplaineverypossiblereasonwhyhissisterchosetoattendStateUniversity,includingpersonal,family,school,peer,andothertypesofinfluences.WhatJoeisdoingiscalled:a.pureresearch.b.appliedresearch.c.anidiographicexplanation.d.anomotheticexplanation.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------10.Thedistinctionbetweenquantitativeandqualitativedatainsocialresearchisessentiallythedistinctionbetween:a.philosophyandreligion.b.gooddataandlessgooddata.c.usefuldataandlessusefuldata.d.numericalandnonnumericaldata.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------11.NoraobservedpeopleinherSundaySchoolforseveralmonthsandthendeterminediftherewasapatterninthedifferentresponsesofmenandwomen.Whichoneofthefollowingapproachesisreflected?a.deductiveb.transductivec.appliedd.inductive--------------------------------------------------------------------------------12.Makitastudiedtheliteratureonbingedrinkinganddiscoveredapatternbetweenhumaninquiryandscience3ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter1genderandbingedrinkingthatmightbelogicallyandtheoreticallyexpected.Shethendidherstudyofcollegestudentsanddrinking.Whichapproachisreflected?a.deductiveb.transductivec.appliedd.inductive--------------------------------------------------------------------------------13.Barbstudiedcopingmechanismsamongfirst-yearstudentsbyrequiringthemtoattendafirst-yearseminar.Whichethicalprinciplewasviolated?a.noharmtoparticipantsb.theHawthorneeffectprinciplec.confidentialityd.voluntaryparticipation--------------------------------------------------------------------------------14.Charleydidastudyinthelabandheseverelyberatedthesubjectswhentheyarrivedbecausehewantedtoexaminetheeffectofberatingonperformance.Severalofthesubjectsbecameveryupset.Whichethicalprinciplewasviolated?a.noharmtoparticipantsb.theHawthorneeffectprinciplec.confidentialityd.voluntaryparticipation.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------15.Dorseywantedtousetheresultsofherresearchonjuveniledelinquentstodevelopacommunityprogramtoreducedelinquency.Whattypeofresearchisreflectedinthisexample?a.fundedb.appliedc.pured.ethical--------------------------------------------------------------------------------16.Dunnwasinterestedinlearningmoreaboutthenegotiationprocessescouplesusewhentheyargue.Hewasinterestedinthisforitsownsakeandhadnoplanstousetheresultstohelpimprovecouples'lives.Whattypeofresearchisreflectedinthisexample?a.fundedb.appliedc.pured.ethical--------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.Theattributesofthevariablecollegeclasslevelinclude:a.young,middleage,old.b.studyhardandnotstudyhard.c.first-year,sophomore,junior,senior.d.theminimumhoursrequirementforeachclasslevel.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------humaninquiryandscience4ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter118.Whichoneofthefollowingrepresentsanaggregateofpeople?a.Afewpeopleineachofafewchurches.b.Individualstudentsonfivecampuses.c.Onechurch,withabout65members.d.Acollectionof18-yearoldstudentsaskedabouttheirvotingpatterns.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.Bernardoarguesthatnothingisreallyrealandthatwhatpeopleseeisaproductoftheirpositioninsociety.Whichperspectiveisreflected?a.modernb.premodernc.postmodernd.anti-modern--------------------------------------------------------------------------------20.Igorstudiedstudentsathiscommunitycollegeandnoticedthataslimmajoritycarriednobookstoclass.Thenhesawanewsetofpeopleinthedistanceandconcludedbeforeseeingthemthattheywoulddefinitelybecarryingbookstoclassbecausesomeoneshoulddothat,especiallysincehehadjustseenstudentswithoutbooks.Whicherrorininquiryisreflected?a.illogicalreasoningb.overgeneralizationc.selectiveobservationd.inaccurateobservation--------------------------------------------------------------------------------21.Predictionwithoutunderstandingispossible.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------22.Overgeneralizationcanleadtoselectiveobservation.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------23.Theobjectionthattherearealwaysexceptionstoanysocialregularitymeansthattheregularityisunrealandunimportant.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------24.Thegoalinstudyingvariablesistoseehowtheyarerelated.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------25.Idiographicexplanationsseektoexplainaclassofsituationsratherthanasinglesituation,typicallyintermsofafewimportantcauses.TrueFalsehumaninquiryandscience5ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter1--------------------------------------------------------------------------------26.Whilenomotheticexplanationsareveryusefulinsocialscientificresearch,idiographicexplanationsareoflittleuse.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------27.Inductionisamuchbetterapproachtotheorythanisdeduction.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------28.Falsificationistheprocessbywhichwemakeourobservationsmoreexplicitbyusingnumbers.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------29.Pureresearchpursuesknowledgeforknowledge'ssake,withnoconcernforhowitmightbeused.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------30.Participationinresearchshouldalwaysbevoluntary.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------31.Thetwopillarsofscienceareand.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------32.Socialscientistsstudythecollectivebehaviorofmanyindividuals,whichisknownasa/an.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------33.Thetypeofcausalreasoninginvolvedwhenexplainingasinglesituationintermsofmanypossiblecausesisknownasexplanation.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------34.Theapproachthatmovesfromatheoreticallyexpectedrelationshiptospecificobservationstoseeiftherelationshipexistsisknownasreasoning--------------------------------------------------------------------------------35.Issuesgoverninghowresearchparticipantsaretreatedfallsundertheofresearch.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Answer:BCDBB;AADCD;DADAB;CCDCA;TTFTF;FFFTT;Logic,observation;aggregate;idiographic;deductive;ethics.2010/3/27邓少附注BCDBB;AADCD;DADAB;CCDCA;TTFTF;FFFTT; Logic,observation;aggregate;idiographic;ethics.Paradigms,theory,andsocialresearch1ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter2Babbie,ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter2Paradigms,theory,andsocialresearch--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.Morsewantstostudytheroleofreligioninsociety,howitgivessocietiesafocus,howitgivesmeaningtounexplainableevents,andhowitoftenconnectswiththepoliticalandeconomicinstitutions.Whichparadigmwouldbebest?a.feministb.ethnomethodologyc.structuralfunctionalismd.symbolicinteractionism--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.Indirawantstostudyhowpeoplemakesenseofthedelaystheyexperienceintheirdailylives.Sheaskedpeopletokeepdiariesaboutsuchdelaysandhowtheyrespondedtothem,particularlyhowtheymadesenseofthem.Shealsoencouragedthemtosometimesviolateothers'expectationsintermsofrespondingtodelays.Whichparadigmissheusing?a.ethnomethodologyb.symbolicinteractionismc.structuralfunctionalismd.conflict--------------------------------------------------------------------------------3.Robertowantstostudyhownewlyengagedcouplescommunicatewitheachother.Heisparticularlyinterestedinhoweachpersondefinessuchsymbolsastheengagementring,andhoweachpersoncommunicatestherelationshiptoothers.Whichparadigmwouldbebest?a.symbolicinteractionismb.structuralfunctionalismc.conflictd.feminist--------------------------------------------------------------------------------4.Modestowasconcernedthatmanyrespectedtheoriesofstratificationwerebasedondataaboutmen.Shewantedtoexaminethecausesandconsequencesofclassamongwomen,withaparticularfocusonhowstratificationsystemsoftenoppresswomen.Whichparadigmwouldbebest?a.symbolicinteractionismb.structuralfunctionalismc.conflictd.feminist--------------------------------------------------------------------------------5.Whofirstcoinedtheterm"sociology?"a.Durkheimb.Marxc.ComteParadigms,theory,andsocialresearch2ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter2d.Mead--------------------------------------------------------------------------------6.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizestheroleofdeductionandinduction?a.Deductionisthepreferredapproach.b.Inductionisthepreferredapproach.c.Inpractice,scientificinquiryinvolvesanalternationbetweendeductionandinduction.d.Inpractice,scientificinquiryinvolvesprimarilyoneortheotherapproach.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------7.Thefirststepinconstructingatheorythroughtheinductivemethodisto:a.developmeasures.b.develophypotheses.c.developasample.d.observesomesegmentofsociallife.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------8.WhichoneofthefollowingadaptedDarwin'sideaofsurvivalofthefittesttosocietiesandbelievedthatsocietywasgettingbetterandbetter?a.Durkheimb.Marxc.Meadd.Spencer--------------------------------------------------------------------------------9.Whowasanearlytheoristconcernedwithhowindividualsinteractedwithoneanother?a.Durkheimb.Simmelc.Meadd.Spencer--------------------------------------------------------------------------------10.DominicaobservedthatPresidentBushdefeatedAlGoreinthepresidentialelection.Thisisa:a.law.b.fact.c.theory.d.concept.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------11.Frankiebeganhistheorizingondelinquencyinschoolsbystatingthathetakesittobetruethatkidsliketoberespectedbyotherkids.Hethengoesontodevelopsometestablerelationshipsbetweendelinquencyandgender.Hisassumptionthatkidsliketoberespectedisknownasa/an:a.variable.b.hypothesis.c.proposition.d.axiom.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Paradigms,theory,andsocialresearch3ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter212.Frankieassumedthatkidsliketoberespectedbyotherkids.Hethendevelopedaspecifictestableexpectationthatboysexperiencemorepressuresfordelinquencythandogirls.Thisexpectationisknownasa/an:a.hypothesis.b.concept.c.variable.d.proposition.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------13.Thethreemainelementsinthetraditionalmodelofscienceare:a.science,hope,philosophy.b.theory,sampling,dataanalysis.c.operationalization,ethics,theory.d.theory,operationalization,observation.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------14.Whichoneofthefollowingisthebestexampleofahypothesis?a.Studentsdonotliketostudy.b.Conflictunderlieseverytypeofsocialrelation.c.Olderpeoplevotemoreconservativelythandoyoungerpeople.d.Loveismeasuredbyhowoftenpeoplecalleachother.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------15.Accordingtothetraditionalmodelofscience,scientistsbeginwith:a.aconceptortwo.b.data.c.atheory.d.ahypothesis.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------16.Fredadevelopedatheoryandanhypothesisaboutadjustmenttoretirementasrelatedtogender.Sheconstructedmeasuresforadjustmenttoretirement.ThenextstepforFredaaccordingtothetraditionalmodelofscienceis:a.toconsidertheethicsofthestudy.b.redevelopthetheory.c.analyzethedata.d.observation(gatheringdata).--------------------------------------------------------------------------------17.Thefirststepindeductivetheoryconstructionisto:a.pickatopicthatinterestsyou.b.developahypothesis.c.developmeasuresforyourconcepts.d.constructyourconcepts.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------18.Thelaststepindeductivetheoryconstructionisto:a.identifyyourconcepts.b.reasonlogicallyfromwhatisknowntoyourspecifictopic.c.specifythetopic.Paradigms,theory,andsocialresearch4ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter2d.specifytherangeofphenomenayourtheoryaddresses.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------19.Whichoneofthefollowingisnotafunctionoftheories?a.Theypreventourbeingtakeninbyflukes.b.Theymakesenseofobservedpatternstosuggestotherpossibilities.c.Theyshapeanddirectresearchefforts.d.Theyhelpidentifythemoreappropriatewaystoviewtheworld.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------20.Comtebelievedthatsciencewouldreplacewhichoneofthefollowingbybasingknowledgeonobservationsratherthanonbelieforlogicalone?a.metaphysicsb.religionc.biologyd.history--------------------------------------------------------------------------------21.Thefeministparadigmispoliticallyconcernedwiththeoppressionofwomeninmanysocieties.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------22.Ultimately,we'llneverknowwhetherthereisanobjectiverealitythatweexperiencesubjectivelyorwhetherourconceptsofanobjectiverealityareillusory.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------23.Whereastheoriesseektoexplain,paradigmsprovidewaysoflookingatfundamentalframesofreference.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------24.Socialscientistsinterestedinexplaininginternationalrelationsandtheintersectionsamongthevariousinstitutionsinasocietywouldbemorelikelytouseamicrotheorythanamacrotheory.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------25.Thetraditionalmodelofsciencetypicallybeginswithoperationalization.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------26.Experimentalresearchiscommonlyusetoconductinductivetheoryconstruction.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Paradigms,theory,andsocialresearch5ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter227.Regardlessofthetheoryused,thereisacloseconnectionbetweentheoryandresearch.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------28.Whilewethinkofscienceasdevelopinggradually,inrealityscientificparadigmsbecomeentrencheduntilanewparadigmhighlightstheshortcomingsoftheoldones.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------29.Conceptsexplainobservationsbymeansoftheories.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------30.Aconceptisaspecialkindofvariable.TrueFalse--------------------------------------------------------------------------------31.Socialtheoriesthatfocusattentiononsocietyatlargearecalled.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------32.Thepersonmostresponsiblefortheconflictparadigmis.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------33.Theparadigmthatexaminesprimarygroupsandthelooking-glass-selfis.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------34.Theparadigmthatadvocatesbreakingsocialrulestohelplearnaboutpeople'sexpectationsandhowtheymakesenseoftheworldis.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------35.Universalgeneralizationsaboutclassesoffactsareknownas.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Answer:CAADC;CDDBB;DADCC;DABDB;TTTFF;FTTFF;Macrotheories;Marx;symbolicinteractionism;ethnomethodology;laws.2010/3/27邓少附注CAADC;CDDBB;DADCC;DABDB;TTTFF;FTTFF; Macrotheories;Marx;symbolicinteractionism;ethnomethodology;laws.Theethicsandpoliticsofsocialresearch1ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter3Babbie,ThePracticeofSocialResearch,11e,Chapter3Theethicsandpoliticsofsocialresearch--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.Theethicalissueofvoluntaryparticipationismostcloselyrelatedtowhichoneofthefollowing?a.analysisandreportingb.deceptionc.anonymityd.informedconsent--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.JosephineisastudentatConsolidatedCommunityCollegeandisplanningtodoastudyonhoweatingdisordersaffectacademicperformance.Whomustreviewherresearchbeforeitcanbedone?a.thefederalgovernmentb.thestategovernmentc.theAmericanSociologicalAssociationd.theInstitutionalReviewBoard--------------------------------------------------------------------------------3.Themainreasonsthatcodesofethicsexistarethat:a.ethicalissuesarebothimportantandambiguous.b.boththestateandfederalgo