2013职称英语综合B 阅读理解押题1

综合B-1 *第十九篇 The Family 家庭(第1题答案出处) The structure结构,构成of a family takes different不同forms形式around the world and even in the same society社会. The family's form changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences. Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear family,consisting of a married couple with their minor children. (第2题答案出处)The nuclear family is an independent unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself. Individual family members strongly depend on one another. There is little help from outside the family in emergencies. Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America,the elderly often do not live with the family ; they live in retirement communities and nursing homes. There are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies,such as North America,and of families in societies such as that of the Inuits,who live in harsh environments. The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions,mobility allows the family to hunt for food. For North Americans,the hunt for jobs and improved social status also requires mobility. (第5题答案出处) The nuclear family was not always the North American standard. In a more agrarian time,the small nuclear family was usually part of a larger extended family. This might have included grandparents,mother and father,brothers and sisters,uncles,aunts,and cousins. In North America today,there is a dramatic rise in the number of single-parent households. Twice as many households in the United States are headed by divorced,separated,or never-married individuals as are comprised of nuclear families. The structure of the family,not just in North America, but throughout the world,continues to change as it adapts to changing conditions. 本文的标题很短,且可能涉及的范围较广,需要读中心句。本文中心思想——“在全世界,甚至在同一个社会中,家庭结构有着不同的形式。家庭的构成形式随着不断变化的社会和经济影响而改变。”,全文以核心家庭为主线,分段诠释了在工业社会以及农业社会中,核心家庭的特点。 练习: 1. Another good title标题for this passage would be_____. -----主题类 A) What Makes构成 a Family? B) The Life of the Inuits. C) Living with Hardship. D) The Failure of the Nuclear Family. 看到“title标题”得知,此题分类为主题类。A和D有“family“,优先考虑。选项A 与文章的中心一致。 解题思路 七、答案的特征 1)与文章中心思想一致 2)选项中含有中心词(标题、中心句中的词) 2. A nuclear family is defined as_____. -----细节类 A) a married couple with their minor children B) a single father with,minor children C) parents,grandparents,and children D) parents,children,and aunts and uncles 找出关键词,直接可找到答案A 解题思路 细节类 1.不要读题,直接找到问题或选项中关键词—— 1)找到关键词,意味着找到答案的位置 2)人名、地名、数字、大写专有名词可做关键词 3)四个选项有至少三个是相同的单词或短语 4)有引号的词可做关键词 5)找到题干与文章的逻辑关系,如题干中有because,就在文中找是否有because或so 3. The information in this passage would most likely be found in_____. -----细节类 A) an anthropology人类学textbook教科书 B) a biology生物学textbook C) a mathematics数学textbook D) a geography地理textbook 尝试找提问中的关键词和4个选项都包含的“textbook”,发现原文没有提到。此时,意识到此题有一定的延展性,需要通过了解选项的意思找到答案。基础薄弱的同学可以借助字典,选项A为“人类学教科书”,与家庭的主题有直接联系。 解题思路 七、答案的特征 1)与文章中心思想一致 2)选项中含有中心词(标题、中心句中的词) 3)与原文重复多的选项 4)出现相对性词的选项 5)对错题要求找错误项是,绝对性词选项是答案 6)答案较难找的题,优先考虑符合一般常识的选项 4. The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through _____. A) listing statistics B) telling a story C) pointing out similarities D) pointing out differences 解题思路 七、答案的特征 10)两个对立概念的选项,其中一项是答案 11)出现多个疑似选项时,离关键词越近的越有可能是答案 12)关键词附近有中文注释的词要格外注意,很有可能就是答案 5. The word mobility移动性means_____. A) money B) readiness敏捷to move移动 C) organization D) skill 解题思路 词汇类 1.找到“”引号中的词在原文的位置 2.简单的题直接查字典解决,有时需联系上下文推测词义 3.代入选项的词,检查是否正确 The Family 家庭 The structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society. The family's form changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences. 在全世界,甚至在同一个社会中,家庭结构有着不同的形式。家庭的构成形式随着不断变化的社会和经济影响而改变。Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear family,consisting of a married couple with their minor children. 直到最近,北美洲最普遍的家庭形式为核心家庭,由一对夫妇和他们未婚的孩子构成。The nuclear family is an independent unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself. Individual family members strongly depend on one another. 核心家庭是一个独立的单位。它必须能够照料自己。家庭成员紧密依赖着彼此。There is little help from outside the family in emergencies. 在紧急情况下,外界提供给家庭的帮助微乎其微。Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. 核心家庭中,只有当条件允许的时候,才会照料家中年长的亲属。In North America,the elderly often do not live with the family ; they live in retirement communities and nursing homes. 在北美洲,老人很少和家人一起生活,他们一般住在退休社区和养老机构。 There are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies,such as North America,and of families in societies such as that of the Inuits,who live in harsh environments. 在工业社会,例如北美洲,核心家庭之间有很多相似点。在居住在恶劣环境中的因纽特人的社会中,家庭间也有很多相似点。The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions,mobility allows the family to hunt for food. 核心家庭结构良好地适应于流动性的生活。在恶劣的条件下,流动性能让一个家庭吃饱饭。For North Americans,the hunt for jobs and improved social status also requires mobility. 对北美洲人来说,找工作和提高社会地位同样需要流动性。 The nuclear family was not always the North American standard. 核心家庭并不总是北美洲人的 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 。In a more agrarian time,the small nuclear family was usually part of a larger extended family. 在农业社会时期,小型的核心家庭经常是大家庭 的一部分。This might have included grandparents,mother and father,brothers and sisters,uncles,aunts,and cousins. 其中可能包括了祖父母、父母、兄弟姐妹、叔伯、阿姨以及 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 兄弟姐妹。In North America today,there is a dramatic rise in the number of single-parent households. Twice as many households in the United States are headed by divorced,separated,or never-married individuals as are comprised of nuclear families. 在现在的北美洲,单亲家庭的数目大幅度增加。由核心家庭构成的单亲家庭的数目是美国由于离婚、分居或者未婚导致的单亲家庭的两倍。The structure of the family,not just in North America, but throughout the world, continues to change as it adapts to changing conditions. 不仅在北美洲,在世界范围内,家庭结构都会随着不断变化的条件而改变。