大学语文c作业

大学语文c作业 一、 选择题 1、徐志摩是现代文学 ( A )诗派的代表作家。 A新月派 B湖畔诗社 C 象征派 D现代派 2、《再别康桥》诗中的波光、柳树、青草、清泉、榆荫、彩虹、划船撑篙者的身影，有的是实物描写，有的是景物与情感结合的点染勾勒。开头、结尾中“轻轻的”、“悄悄的”，与“挥袖”、“云彩”的结合，把内心情感投射于客观物象，融情于景，含蓄地表达对康桥的依依惜别之情。使诗歌具有的画面感，充分体现了( A )。 A三美 B建筑美 C绘画美 D 音乐美 3、徐志摩曾说:“我的眼睛是康桥教我睁开的，我的求知欲是康桥给我拨动的，我的自我的意识是康桥给我胚胎的。”重返故地，牵引起他无数关于青春、理想、还有对过去潇洒无羁生活方式的回忆。因此诗人告别康桥，也就是和人生中最美好的一个( D )告别。 A青春 B追求 C梦想 D梦 4、《长沮桀溺耦而耕》通过孔子( A )遭讥讽的事例，表现了尽管傲睨孤高的隐士对孔子冷嘲热讽，但他却仍心忧天下，积极进取，并不因人嘲讽而改初衷，执着地坚持自己的人生追求。 A寻问渡口 B 打听友人 C评论时政 D 迷路问路 二、思考题 1.谁不曾做过大学梦呢,想当年，前苏联大文豪高尔基因贫寒失学，无计深造，却又执着不止追求大学梦，以致把自己初涉人生的种种磨难唤做“我的大学”～今天,当你跻身浙江大学，能一语道破“大学何以为大学”之真谛吗, 大学---人生发展的新天地:大学，是人类的精神殿堂，人文精神的旗帜，也是我们放飞梦想的伊甸园～它比世界上任何机构更关注人的心灵发育与成长，是呵护青年人至情至性的摇篮，是诱导莘莘学子反身体认人格奥秘的智慧谷，更是青年独立践行精神成人的熔炉。 我们上大学，不仅要“专业成才”，更要“精神成人”。 2.《再别康桥》诗中“康桥”的象征意义。 与最美的梦的告别:本诗选自《猛虎集》。这首诗主要表达诗人对康桥生活的留恋。“康桥”也就是我们今天所译的“剑桥”，英国剑桥大学所在地。康桥象征诗人对“爱”、“美”、“自由”的单纯信仰，对青春的留恋，对理想的执着。 徐志摩曾说:“我的眼睛是康桥教我睁开的，我的求知欲是康桥给我拨动的，我的自我的意识是康桥给我胚胎的。”重返故地，牵引起他无数关于青春、理想、还有对过去潇洒无羁生活方式的回忆。因此诗人告别康桥，也就是和人生中最美好的一个梦告别。 3.《再别康桥》怎样体现了 “新月派”的“三美”理论? 从音节来说:本诗每节两韵，节节转韵，韵脚多是发声绵长的复韵母。产生韵味悠长又潇洒灵动的“音乐美”。 从形式来说:本诗每节两句，每一小节句式整齐、类似，构成一种反复、循环的吟唱效果。第一小节和最后一小节通过“轻轻的”、“悄悄的”这样的叠词，首尾呼应，使诗歌在形式上浑然一体，具有“建筑美”。 从意象来说:诗中的波光、柳树、青草、清泉、榆荫、彩虹、划船撑篙者的身影，有的是实物描写，有的是景物与情感结合的点染勾勒。开头、结尾中“轻轻的”、“悄悄的”，与“挥袖”、“云彩”的结合，把内心情感投射于客观物象，融情于景，含蓄地表达对康桥的依依惜 1 别之情，使诗歌具有画面感，充分体现了“绘画美”。 4. 阅读下列诗段并回答后(1)-(3)题: 再别康桥 徐志摩 轻轻的我走了， 正如我轻轻的来; 我轻轻的招手， 作别西天的云彩。 那河畔的金柳 是夕阳中的新娘 波光里的艳影， 在我的心头荡漾。 软泥上的青荇， 油油的在水底招摇; 在康河的柔波里， 我甘做一条水草。 那榆荫下的一潭， 不是清泉，是天上虹 揉碎在浮藻间， 沉淀着彩虹似的梦。 寻梦,撑一支长篙， 向青草更青处漫溯， 满载一船星辉， 2 在星辉斑斓里放歌。 (1)“康桥”有什么象征意义, 康桥象征诗人对“爱”、“美”、“自由”的单纯信仰，对青春的留恋，对理想的执着。 (2)起句“轻轻的我走了，正如我轻轻的来”表达了诗人什么样的情感, 诗歌的起句“轻轻地我走了，正如我轻轻地来”以一个离别的姿势，点染出诗歌整体的离愁别绪。 (3)诗人在前五节中景物描写有什么特点, 诗人正是借描写客观景物的间接抒情方式，来贯彻新月派“理智节制情感”的诗歌原则。诗中的波光、柳树、青草、清泉、榆荫、彩虹、划船撑篙者的身影，有的是实物描写，有的是景物与情感结合的点染勾勒。 二、 一、选择题 1、 《工作与人生》中，王小波提出的生活方式是“回到日常，超越日常”, 这是一篇( D ), 严肃而又精辟地阐明了人生要义。 A短篇小说 B抒情散文 C文学评论 D思想随筆 2 、《老人与海》这部小说是根据一位古巴渔夫的真实经历创作的:一个孤独的老人单身出海捕鱼，与大鱼周旋，但它捕获的大鱼又被鲨鱼吃掉。小说描写了人奋斗中的心路历程:面 他是( B )作家。 对失败仍顽强拼搏、绝不屈服的意志。作者是海明威, A英国 B美国 C古巴 D巴西 3、1925年拍摄的无声片《淘金记》(《The Gold Rush》)，据称是( B )拍摄的80多部电影中自己最喜欢的电影。讲述了小人物去阿拉斯加淘金，极度饥饿下甚至煮鞋为食、喜欢上舞女乔琪亚却被捉弄，但最终因锲而不舍获得了美人的芳心，并找到了金矿。 A 鲍 特 B 卓别林 C 格里菲斯 D 梅里爱 4、( A )是一种修辞手法:表面上的评价是提高而实际评价为贬低;或者表面评价是贬低而实际评价为提高。如: 根据我的经验，人在年轻时，最头疼的一件事就是决定自己这一生要做什么。在这方面，我倒没有什么具体的建议:干什么都可以，但最好不要写小说，这是和我抢饭碗。当然，假如你执意要写，我也没理由反对。 A 幽黙 B 反讽 C 反说 D 讽刺 5、嗟乎～时运不齐，命途多舛～冯唐易老，李广难封。屈贾谊于长沙，非无圣主;窜梁鸿于海曲，岂乏明时,所赖君子见机，达人知命。老当益壮，宁移白首之心;穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。酌贪泉而觉爽，处涸辙而相欢。北海虽赊，扶摇可接。东隅已逝，桑榆非晚。 观宇宙之无穷而倍觉人生之短暂，叹世路之险恶而前程实难卜，这种不重( A )但求进取的豁达乐观的胸怀千秋同赞。 A 名利 B 做官 C 腾达 D 得失 6、领略滕王阁序并诗文本第二段气势浩荡)景象万千的艺术特色。 抒情、摹景、叙事、议论交织一体， ( C )繁密而文思无阻，秀句警语层见迭出，声韵铿锵，文采焕发，确实达到了汉语美文的极致: 3 时维九月，序属三秋。潦水尽而寒潭清，烟光凝而暮山紫。俨骖騑于上路，访风景于崇阿;临帝子之长洲，得天人之旧馆。层峦耸翠，上出重霄;飞阁流丹，下临无地。鹤汀凫渚，穷岛屿之萦回;桂殿兰宫，即冈峦之体势。披绣闼，俯雕甍，山原旷其盈视，川泽纡其骇瞩。闾阎扑地，钟鸣鼎食之家;舸舰弥津，青雀黄龙之舳。云销雨霁，彩彻区明。落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色。渔舟唱晚，响穷彭蠡之滨;雁阵惊寒，声断衡阳之浦。 A 用典 B 妙喻 C 成语 D 新词 二、思考题 1、王小波的幽默反讽的语言艺术: 幽默是通过叙述和描写，使某种事物可笑甚至荒诞之处自然呈现出来，从而表现作者的看法观点。 2、滕王阁序并诗文中不重得失但求进取的豁达乐观的胸怀: 滕王阁序并诗是一篇姘体文中精品。首叙阁杖之盛，中述阁上观感，末陈作序缘起。江山钟灵秀，故先以地埋之胜引出宾主之儒雅，盛宴之不俗。接着写远近上下景物之富丽，如诗如画。由景生情，由逸游豪兴引出年少坎坷的感慨，抒写了报国无门却壮志不坠执着。 3、领略滕王阁序并诗文本第二段气势浩荡)景象万千的艺术特色。 抒情、摹景、叙事、议论交织一体，用典繁密而文思无阻，秀句警语层见迭出，声韵铿锵，文采焕发，确实达到了汉语美文的极致。 4.阅读下面这段散文，回答(1)-(3)题: 工作与人生 王小波 我现在已经活到了人生的中途，拿一日来比喻人的一生，现在正是中午。人在童年时从朦胧中醒来，需要一些时间来克服清晨的软弱，然后就要投入工作;在正午时分，他的精力最为充沛，但已隐隐感到疲惫;到了黄昏时节，就要 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 一日的工作，准备沉入永恒的休息。按我这种说法，工作是人一生的主题。这个想法不是人人都能同意的。我知道在中国，农村的人把生儿育女看作是一生的主题。把儿女养大，自己就死掉，给他们空出地方来——这是很流行的想法。在城市里则另有一种想法，但不知是不是很流行:它把取得社会地位看作一生的主题。站在北京八宝山的骨灰墙前，可以体会到这种想法。我在那里看到一位已故的大叔墓上写着:副系主任、支部副书记、副教授、某某教研室副主任，等等。假如能把这些“副”字去掉个把，对这位大叔当然更好一些，但这些“副”字最能证明有这样一种想法。顺便说一句，我到美国的公墓里看过，发现他们的墓碑上只写两件事:一是生卒年月，二是某年至某年服兵役;这就是说，他们以为人的一生只有这两件事值得记述:这位上帝的子民曾经来到尘世，以及这位公民曾去为国尽忠，写别的都是多余的，我觉得这种想法比较质朴„„恐怕在一份青年刊物上写这些墓前的景物是太过伤感，还是及早回到正题上来罢。 4 我想要把自己对人生的看法推荐给青年朋友们:人从工作中可以得到乐趣，这是一种巨大的好处。相比之下，从金钱、权力、生育子女方面可以得到的快乐，总要受到制约。举例来说，现在把生育作为生活的主题，首先是不合时宜;其次，人在生育力方面比兔子大为不如，更不要说和黄花鱼相比较;在这方面很难取得无穷无尽的成就。我对权力没有兴趣，对钱有一些兴趣，但也不愿为它去受罪——做我想做的事(这件事对我来说，就是写小说)，并且把它做好，这就是我的目标。我想，和我志趣相投的人总不会是一个都没有。 (1)第二段第一句话用了“推荐”这个字眼，表达了作者什么样的文品, 表达了作者的理性态度和平等的姿态 (2) 这两段表达了作者对人生意义什么样的看法, 《工作与人生》是一种思想随笔，严肃而又精辟地阐明了作者所认同的人生观的要义。 这两段,第一段，通过拿一日来比喻人的一生，揭示出全文的中心论点——工作是人一生的主题，同时指出国人的另外两种价值取向，即把生儿育女或取得社会地位看作一生的主题，又拿美国人的观念作对照。 第二段，指出人从工作中可以得到乐趣。 (3) 举出文中反讽色彩明显强烈的一、二个句子, 我在那里看到一位已故的大叔墓上写着:副系主任、支部副书记、副教授、某某教研 副”字去掉个把，对这位大叔当然更好一些，但这些“副”室副主任，等等。假如能把这些“ 字最能证明有这样一种想法。 人在生育力方面比兔子大为不如，更不要说和黄花鱼相比较;在这方面很难取得无穷无尽的成就殷 5、阅读下面这段散文，回答(1)-(3)题: 嗟乎～时运不齐，命途多舛～冯唐易老，李广难封。屈贾谊于长沙，非无圣主;窜梁鸿于海曲，岂乏明时,所赖君子见机，达人知命。老当益壮，宁移白首之心;穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。酌贪泉而觉爽，处涸辙而相欢。北海虽赊，扶摇可接。东隅已逝，桑榆非晚。 (1)说出这一段文字的作者的名和字。 王勃(650-676)，字子安。 (2) 写出这一段文字的主旨。 年少坎坷的感慨,抒写了报国无门却壮志不坠执着。 (3) 评价这一段文字的人文价值所在。 观宇宙之无穷而倍觉人生之短暂，叹世路之险恶而前程实难卜，这种不重得失但求进取的豁达乐观的胸怀千秋同赞。 三 一、 选择题 1、《鸭窠围的夜》写作者旅途中夜宿鸭窠围时一夜间的见闻和思绪。与全书一样，它描写了( C )地区特有的自然景色和独异的人生形态，寄托了作者深沉的生命感喟。 5 A 边城 B 深山老林 C 湘西 D 苗族 2、“义”，是金庸新武侠小说之魂，充分体现了金庸小说的( C )精神。《救难》通过对华山派令狐冲偶遇恒山派女尼姑仪琳遭采花大盗田伯光劫持而舍身相救的描述，赞扬了五岳剑派的“同气连枝”和路见不平，拔刀相助的侠义精神。 A武侠 B 侠义 C 人文 D 时代 3、国学大师王国维把“昨夜西风凋碧树。独上高楼，望尽天涯路。”“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴。”“众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处。”这三句词喻作为古今成就大事业大学问必经的三种境界，并赋予了全新含义:他认为第一种境界是站得高、看得远、立下宏伟志向;第二种境界是要为了自己的志向而努力，即使衣带渐宽也终不悔;第三种境界是坚持自己的理想，要耐得住( A )、淡泊。 A寂寞 B艰辛 C挫断 D孤独 4、沈从文《鸭窠围的夜》中“原汁”“原味”“原生态”——独到的艺术表现手段与美学追求, 通过对 ( B )的人生现象的描写, 流溢着生命的诗意。 A 世态 B平凡 C 日常 D原生态 二、思考题 1、如何评析本文所描写的湘西水手的生活情状, “原汁”、“原味”、“原生态”---独到的艺术表现手段与美学追求:对平凡的人生现象的描写中流溢着生命的诗意。 “心灵之笔”“天然的素朴”:记人、叙事、状物、写景时，以叙为主，将描、抒、议自然融入，充分发挥想象，描写、勾勒、渲染场面与氛围。 2、“低咏高歌” 三首词的新思考。 国学大师王国维把“昨夜西风凋碧树。独上高楼，望尽天涯路。”“衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴。”“众里寻他千百度，暮然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处。”这三句词喻作为古今成就大事业大学问必经的三种境界，并赋予了全新含义:他认为第一种境界是站得高、看得远、立下宏伟志向;第二种境界是要为了自己的志向而努力，即使衣带渐宽也终不悔;第三种境界是坚持自己的理想，要耐得住寂寞、淡泊。 四、 一、 选择题 1、规模宏大，结构严谨，情节复杂，塑造了众多具有典型性格的艺术形象，其思想性和艺术性，均堪称我国古代长篇小说的巅峰的名作是( C )。 A 《三国演义》 B 《水浒传》 C 《红楼梦》 D 《金瓶梅》 2、《金锁记》这篇小说名称的含义:金钱成为七巧的枷锁。七巧被金钱支配的包办婚姻所害。七巧婚后不幸的遭遇。七巧为金钱所异化，心理变态。最后，七巧以其一生幸福换来钱，但终于又是( A )，一生戴上金钱枷锁，又用这枷锁害人害己。 A一无所有 B虚度人生 C痛苦一生 D苦不堪言 3、“她睁着眼直勾勾朝前望着，耳朵上的实心小金坠子像两只铜钉把她钉在门上——玻璃匣子里蝴蝶的标本，鲜艳而凄怆。”这写的是人物的愣神，而象征意蕴就是七巧悲剧性命运的无可( A )。 A逃脱 B选择 C迴避 D改变 4、蒲松龄(1640-1715)，字留仙，又字剑臣，别号柳泉居士，世称聊斋先生。19岁应童子试而以县府道三个第一名震一时，但此后屡试不第，71岁援例补贡生。一生热衷科举而难 6 如意，然其以闲中空谈解闷而作的( B ) 却在身后成千古佳作。 A 拍案惊奇 B 聊斋志异 C 世说新语 D 狐鬼故事 5、汤显祖，明代杰出的戏曲家。其创作成就主要在戏曲，代表作有( D )、《紫钗记》、《南柯记》、《邯郸记》(合称“临川四梦”)。 A《西廂记》 B 《长生殿》 C 《琵琶记》 D 《牡丹亭》 二、思考题 1.曹雪芹《红楼梦》的艺术成就。 《红楼梦》小说规模宏大，结构严谨，情节复杂，塑造了众多具有典型性格的艺术形象，其思想性和艺术性，均堪称我国古代长篇小说的高峰。曹雪芹在穷困艰难的环境里，他“披阅十载，增删五次”，坚持写作长篇小说《红楼梦》。死后遗留下《红楼梦》前80回的稿子(生前已传抄行世)，80回以后也可能有部分残稿，但跌失不传。 2.解释《金锁记》这篇小说名称的含义。 金钱成为七巧的枷锁。七巧被金钱支配的包办婚姻所害。七巧婚后不幸的遭遇。七巧为金钱所异化，心理变态。最后，七巧以其一生幸福换来钱，但终于又是一无所有，一生戴上金钱枷锁，又用这枷锁害人害已。小议金钱对人性的扭曲、异化。 3.结合《金锁记》具体描写，分析张爱玲小说的意象艺术。 点染人物心理。营造氛围。象征性的联想。 小说中给人印象特别深的还有意象的描写:点染人物心理。营造氛围。象征性的联想。如“酸梅汤”能引起对于七巧赶走昔日情人时那种复杂心理的联想。酸酸的，而且一滴一滴，像寂寞的夜漏，时间的感觉给强化了，“刹那”和“一百年”叠合，跟七巧寂寞而漫长的一生融合在一块了。有时意象描写又用于定格、点题，突出印象，增强联想。“她睁着眼直勾勾朝着望着，耳朵上的实心小金坠子像两只铜钉把她钉在门上-----玻璃匣子里蝴蝶的标本，鲜艳而凄炝。”这写的是人物的愣神，而象征就是七巧悲剧性命运的无可逃脱。另外，小说中每当七巧感情出现大的波澜时往往就写到月亮，共6次写月亮，每次的含义都有所不同。 五、 一、 选择题 1、1889年，23岁的( D )遇见了美丽的女演员茅德?冈，并对她一见钟情。尽管这段爱情最终夭折，但强烈的爱慕之情却给诗人带来了无穷的灵感，此后诗人创作了许多有关爱情的诗歌。《当你老了》就是其中一首。 A 拜伦 B 普希金 C 雪萊 D 叶紫(芝) 2 、《生命不能承受之轻》是昆德拉才华得到集中体现的一部作品。他从一两个关键词以及基本情境出发构成了小说的人物情节。作者以一个哲人的睿智将人类的生存情景提升到形而上的高度加以考虑和审视，成功地把握了( A )与性爱两个敏感领域。但他拒绝得出结论，他认为世界并没有绝对的真理，只有一大堆相对的问题。因此在这里他反复提出轻、重;灵、肉;记忆、虚弱等一系列的生存暗码，并与人各自的生存状态一一对应，展现了心灵与肉体的两重性。 A政治 B 经济 C 道德 D 文化 3、长诗《维纳斯与阿都尼》有199节, 写的是爱神维纳斯追求美貌猎手阿都尼的故事,歌颂友谊和爱情，诗人把它们看做是人与人之间和谐关系的表征。他特别强调心灵的结合、忠诚 7 和谅解这些人文主义理想。诗人歌颂( B )和美，以与现实中的丑恶相对照，坚信美好的事物应当永存，并可以借助于文艺而成为不朽。 A爱情 B青春 C友谊 D 理想 二、思考题 1、长诗《维纳斯与阿都尼》中爱神维纳斯追求阿都尼的思考。 歌颂友谊和爱情，这首长诗有199节, 写的是爱神维纳斯追求美貌猎手阿都尼的故事,诗人把它们看做是人与人之间和谐关系的表征。他特别强调心灵的结合、忠诚和谅解这些人文主义理想。诗人歌颂青春和美，以与现实中的丑恶相对照，坚信美好的事物应当永存，并可以借助于文艺而成为不朽。文字华丽多采, 当时风行英伦(没有一个美少女不在桌上放一本此诗的)。 节选部分(1-15节)显示了女性之爱的不可抗拒性。 2、《安娜•卡列尼娜》“第一次邂逅” 中显示的安娜•卡列尼娜的魅力: “第一次邂逅” 本文选自俄罗斯伟大作家列夫•托尔斯泰(1828-1910)的《安娜 •卡列尼娜》，标题是编者拟写的。列夫•托尔斯泰被誉为19世纪世界现实主义文学的勃朗峰(欧洲最高峰)，主要作品有《一个地主的早晨》、《战争与和平》、《安娜•卡列尼娜》、《复活》等。本文生动地显示了安娜的外美与内心丰富情感的非凡魅力-- 她是追求个性解放的女性,一个向贵族社会虚伪道德挑战的叛逆者。 六、 一、 选择题 1、君不见黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回～君不见高堂明镜悲白发，朝如青丝暮成雪～人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。天生我才必有用，千金散尽还复来。--这是伟大诗人( B ) 的诗句。 A 杜甫 B李白 C 屈原 D 苏轼 2、( B )的《慢慢走，欣赏啊》是一篇很精美的散文。质朴的话却道出了人生的真谛:我们的生活何尝不需要这样呢,越来越快的生活节奏，越来越大的生存压力，越来越重的生活重负„„现实中我们已经被所追求的东西压得透不过气来，压得日益麻木„„我们总以为追求的东西就在不远的前方，于是不停的劳碌。却忘记了回过头来去欣赏生活中的美景。 A 钱钟书 B 朱光潛 C 闻一多 D 余秋雨 3、钱钟书《论快乐》看，“学者散文”有哪些特点, 《论快乐》阐述快乐是人类的一种基本( C )，它是短暂的，无法永远，却是人生永远的诱惑与希望。 A追求 B信念 C 感情 D愿望 4、《将进酒》是李白的代表作之一。它慨叹“古来圣贤皆寂寞”，表现出一种鄙弃世俗、蔑视( D )的傲岸精神。但由于内心的矛盾无法排遣解决，因而诗中也流露出人生苦短、及时行乐的消极情绪。全诗以河水急下、直泻入海的气魄，和笔酣墨饱、豪迈狂放的风格，着力表现了此时的豪纵心情。《唐诗别裁》云:“读李(白)诗者于雄快之中，得其深远宕逸之神，才是谪仙人面目。”此篇足以当之。 A 权威 B 官场 C陈见 D富贵 二、思考题 1、从钱钟书《论快乐》看，“学者散文”有哪些特点, 8 《论快乐》阐述快乐是人类的一种基本感情，它是短暂的，无法永远，却是人生永远的诱惑与希望。作者文中 一是文章旁征博引，增加散文的知识性。 二是语言风趣幽默、蕴涵深刻。 三是描摹人生，活灵活现;讽刺世态，淋漓尽致。 他的散文集《写在人生边上》收入十篇散文作品，从日常生活中看出矛盾与悖论，专打破对人生简单化的认识，议论风生，多隽思妙语。 2、李白诗歌的艺术成就。 李白性格豪迈，其诗热爱祖国山河，同情下层人民，抒发美好理想，风格雄健奔放，想像丰富奇特，夸张大胆惊人，语言清新俊逸，被称为“诗仙”。他是屈原之后又一个伟大的浪漫主义诗人。“李杜文章在，光焰万丈长。”(韩愈《调张籍》)他们对后代有着极为深远的影响。今存诗900多首，有《李太白集》。 尽管壮志难酬,但诗人鄙弃世俗、蔑视富贵的傲岸精神依旧豪迈 《将进酒》是李白的代表作之一。它慨叹“古来圣贤皆寂寞”，表现出一种鄙弃世俗、蔑视富贵的傲岸精神。但由于内心的矛盾无法排遣解决，因而诗中也流露出人生苦短、及时行乐的消极情绪。全诗以河水急下、直泻入海的气魄，和笔酣墨饱、豪迈狂放的风格，着力表现了此时的豪纵心情。《唐诗别裁》云:“读李(白)诗者于雄快之中，得其深远宕逸之神，才是谪仙人面目。”此篇足以当之。 七、 一、 选择题 1、人非草木，谁能无情,在人生的道路上,友情是风，亲情如灯，珍惜你身边无私的 ( B )与同伴的友谊吧，别对它们视而不见，不与理睬。它们是风中的声音，需要你倾听, 更需要你呵护。 帮助 D援手 A关爱 B亲情 C 2、孝道是我国传统文化的精髓之一，孝敬长辈、尊老抚幼既是中华民族的传统美德，也是我们整个中华民族得以 ( C )和发展的重要根基。从热爱父母亲、让亲情更加融洽做起，继而把这种淳朴高尚的感情逐步升华为爱他人、爱社会、爱祖国、爱人类，在家行孝，在国尽忠。 A建立 B 生息 C 凝聚 D生存 3、人除了是家庭的一份子，同时也参与了家庭之外另一个更广大的群体，接触着不以血缘联系的人群。我们跨出家门，或者读书求学，或者宦游营业，迎纳着来来往往的人与事;朋友，便建立在这应世的心意上。这应世的心意，理智的成份增加了，表面上，情爱似乎相对地淡薄了;事实上，它们并无互相消长的必然关系，只是不再纯任情感作为唯一应对的主人，而让它转作理智的后盾。君子之交，其淡如水，焉知不是翻腾着百千漩涡的平静波面呢?友情、义气便是情感与理智结合的另一份人间( D )。 A精神 B特征 C至性 D瑰宝 二、思考题 《陈情表》写得婉曲动人, 说说它在语言和表达技巧上的成功之处。 《陈情表》:李密在晋泰始三年写给晋武帝的表章，请求允许自己留在家乡侍奉祖母。 在表中，作者陈述自己与祖母相依为命，暂时不能应诏的苦衷;曲折委婉地表明自己辞不赴命，绝非怀念蜀汉，不事二主。词意极其恳切。全文直抒胸臆，不尚雕饰。特别是作者把进退两难的处境和祖孙间真挚深厚的感情写得情透理足，婉转凄恻,情理相融，以情感 9 人，以理服人。所以武帝读后也终于感动而罢诏。 文章的语言颇具特色，如“茕茕孑立，形影相吊”、“日薄西山，气息奄奄”，都形象而生动，词意真切，被传为千古美谈。 八、 一、 选择题 1、《百年孤独》被誉为“再现拉丁美洲历史社会图景的鸿篇巨著”，也是拉丁美洲( B )文学作品的代表作。全书近30万字，内容庞杂，人物众多，情节曲折离奇，再加上神话故事、宗教典故、民间传说以及作家独创的从未来的角度来回忆过去的新颖倒叙手法等等，令人眼花缭乱。作家以生动的笔触，刻画了性格鲜明的众多人物，描绘了这个家族的孤独精神。 A魔幻 B 现实主义 C 浪漫主义 D 民族 2、巴金《爱尔克的灯光》文中“灯光”的象征性和抒情氛围。 “灯光”是全文的核心意象。作者写了几种灯光，旧居的灯光，爱尔克的灯光，心灵的灯光，分别象征了昏昏欲睡、了无生气的旧家庭的命运，对被旧家庭葬送而无缘再见的姐姐的思念，和作者追求新的生活、新的理想的心理动力。整篇文章始终以( B )为线索，最后又以灯光作结，结构严谨，笔墨集中，构成了一个完美的意象整体。 A行踪 B “灯光” C 情感 D 家事 3、文章起笔，故居门内一线微弱的灯光照着照壁上“长宜子孙”四个大字。 由“此”念及:欧洲古老传说之一——爱尔克的灯光，追忆已经逝去的姐姐，揭露封建家庭、封建礼教窒息青年的生命与青春的罪恶。 笔锋直指:封建家庭及其制度的腐朽没落、摧残人才、吞噬青年(噬shì)，并不能“长宜子孙”。 家庭及其财富并不能“长宜子孙”，青年人应该走出( D )，到广大的世界里寻求光明，实现“大我”——体现着人的社会价值和意义的人，是在历史中行动着完整的人。 A 自我 B 小圈子 C “温室” D“小家” 4、巴金的《家》、《春》、《秋》合称为( A )。 A激流三部曲 B爱情三部曲 C 青春三部曲 D叛逆三部曲 二、思考题 1(分析巴金《爱尔克的灯光》文中“灯光”的象征性和抒情氛围。 “灯光”是全文的核心意象。作者写了几种灯光，旧居的灯光，爱尔克的灯光，心灵的灯光，分别象征了昏昏欲睡、了无生气的旧家庭的命运，对被旧家庭葬送而无缘再见的姐姐的思念，和作者追求新的生活、新的理想的心理动力。整篇文章始终以“灯光”为线索，最后又以灯光作结，结构严谨，笔墨集中，构成了一个完美的意象整体。现实中的姐姐在与爱尔克姐姐的重叠中，姐弟之情变成了终其一生的守候，变成了绕梁多年，挥之不散的呼唤，变成了一个带着永远的遗憾的传说，使这篇散文中的忆旧充满了独具一格的抒情氛围。 家庭及其财富并不能“长宜子孙”，青年人应该走出“小家”，到广大的世界里寻求光明，实现“大我”——体现着人的社会价值和意义的人，是在历史中行动着完整的人。 文章起笔，故居门内一线微弱的灯光照着照壁上“长宜子孙”四个大字。 由“此”念及:欧洲古老传说之一——爱尔克的灯光，追忆已经逝去的姐姐，揭露封建家庭、封建礼教窒息青年的生命与青春的罪恶。 笔锋直指:封建家庭及其制度的腐朽没落、摧残人才、吞噬青年(噬shì)，并不能“长宜子孙”。 “心灵的灯光”，“我”再度走出，到广大的世界中去寻求光明。 10 2.阅读下面这段散文，回答(1)-(3)题: 爱尔克的灯光 巴金 黑暗来了。我的眼睛失掉了一切。于是大门内亮起了灯光。灯光并不曾照亮什么，反而增加了我心上的黑暗。我只得失望地走了。我向着来时的路回去。已经走了四五步，我忽然掉转头，再看那个建筑物。依旧是阴暗中一线微光。我好像看见一个盛满希望的水碗一下子就落在地上打碎了一般，我痛苦地在心里叫起来。在这条被夜幕覆盖着的近代城市的静寂的街中，我仿佛看见了哈立希岛上的灯光。那应该是姐姐爱尔克点的灯吧。她用这灯光来给她的航海的兄弟照路。每夜每夜灯光亮在她的窗前，她一直到死都在等待那个出远门的兄弟回来。最后她带着失望进入坟墓。 街道仍然是清静的。忽然一个熟习的声音在我耳边轻轻地唱起了这个欧洲的古传说。在这里不会有人歌咏这样的故事。应该是书本在我心上留下的影响。但是这个时候我想起了自己的事情。 十八年前在一个春天的早晨，我离开这个城市、这条街的时候，我也曾有一个姐姐，也曾答应过有一天回来看她，跟她谈一些外面的事情。我相信自己的诺言。那时我的姐姐还是一个出阁才只一个多月的新嫁娘，都说她有一个性情温良的丈夫，因此也会有长久的幸福的岁月。 然而人的安排终于被“偶然”毁坏了。这应该是一个“意外”。但是这“意外” 却毫无怜悯地打击了年轻的心。我离家不过一年半光景，就接到了姐姐的死讯。我的哥哥用了颤抖的哭诉的笔叙说—个善良女性的悲惨的结局，还说起她死后受到的冷落的待遇。从此那个作过她丈夫的所谓温良的人改变了，他往一条丧失人性的路走去。他想往上爬，结果却不停地向下面落，终于到了用鸦片烟延续生命的地步。对于姐姐，她生前我没有好好地爱过她，死后也不曾做过一样纪念她的事。她寂寞地活着，寂寞地死去。死带走了她的一切，这就是在我们那个地方的旧式女子的命运。 我在外面一直跑了十八年。我从没有向人谈过我的姐姐。只有偶尔在梦里我看见了爱尔克的灯光。一年前在上海我常常睁起眼睛做梦。我望着远远的在窗前发亮的灯，我面前横着一片大海，灯光在呼唤我，我恨不得腋下生出翅膀，即刻飞到那边去。沉重的梦压住我的心灵，我好像在跟许多无形的魔手挣扎。我望着那灯光，路是那么远，我又没有翅膀。我只有一个渴望:飞～飞～那些熬煎着心的日子～那些可怕的梦魇～ 11 (1)“大门内的阴暗中一线微光”象征什么, 象征了昏昏欲睡、了无生气的旧家庭的命运。 (2) 爱尔克的灯光传说表达了作者怎么样的情感, 对被旧家庭葬送而无缘再见的姐姐的思念。 (3)说你对“爱尔克的灯光”的意蕴的认识。 巴金就出生在有这种观念的旧式家庭中，他这篇散文对这个观念进行了深刻的反思。他以家族败落的现实证明了优越而封闭的大家庭，常常使过着寄生虫般生活的子孙变成碌碌无为的败家子。通过批判，作者坚定了要走出“长宜子孙”的禁锢，追求自己的新生的信念。 九、 一、 选择题 1、《登高》中杜甫登高抒怀伤时忧国之情。 盛唐伟大诗人，与李白同为我国诗歌史上的“双子星座”，并称“李杜”。杜甫生活于唐王朝由盛转衰、祸乱迭起的时代;在政局日趋腐败的形势下，其“致君尧舜上，再使风俗淳”的理想彻底破灭。坎坷困顿、颠沛流离的生活，使他对民生疾苦、社会矛盾以及国事危艰，有深刻的观察与切身的感受。其诗全面而忠实地反映了所处时代广阔的社会生活，充满强烈的忧国忧民感情，被誉为“诗史”。风格以“沉郁顿挫”为主而兼具多种色调。古近律绝、长篇短制等各体皆精，尤其对七律的发展作出了杰出贡献。今存诗一千四百余首。传世名作有《望岳》、《兵车行》、《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》、《春望》、《北征》、“三吏”、“三别”诸诗以及《登高》、《秋兴》、《登岳阳楼》等。 诗写于大历二年秋天(767)，杜甫在夔州所写。全诗通过登高所望夔州秋江的景色，倾诉了自己常年漂泊、老病孤愁的复杂心情。诗歌慷慨激越，动人心弦，八句全对，一气流转，给人均齐对称的美感而不见斧凿之痕。体现了杜甫沉郁顿挫的诗风和严谨的格律，诗人把( C )与国恨紧密交织，把个人命运与国家命运休戚相关，更让人感到这位诗人伟大的人格。前四句写登高所见，后四句抒登高所感。所览之景苍凉雄浑，所抒之情沉郁悲抑，情景交融，浑然一体。悲壮而不伤感，愁苦而不消沉，是一曲卓绝千古的秋之歌。 A秋景 B漂泊心情 C家愁 D人生感悟 2、艾青早年在法国留学，受法国的印象主义绘画和象征主义诗歌的影响很大。印象主义绘画讲究画家个人对光、影的感受，将实物的瞬间印象呈现于画布之上;而象征主义诗歌则注重营造充满暗示和象征意义的意象。另外，中国传统的诗画结合理论也给了艾青以启示。所以艾青的诗歌很有( A )。诗人从“感觉”出发，捕捉瞬间的印象，然后渗入自己的主观情感，创造出具有象征意义的视觉形象。《北方》体现了诗人深厚的爱国主义情感，在《北方》一诗中，“土地”作为一个整体的意象特别突出，它既象征着祖国，也象征着生活在土地上的人民。其他的景物:冻结的村庄、山坡、河岸，在风沙中前行的孤单行人、负重的驴子、惊惶的雁群„„可以说是北方“土地”整体意象之下的一个个分意象，它们联结起来，构成了一幅寒风和风沙肆虐下的北方画卷。 A画面感 B历史感 C意象感 D沧桑感 二、思考题 1、《登高》和杜甫诗歌艺术成就。 盛唐伟大诗人，与李白同为我国诗歌史上的“双子星座”，并称“李杜”。杜甫生活于唐王朝由盛转衰、祸乱迭起的时代;在政局日趋腐败的形势下，其“致君尧舜上，再使风俗淳”的理想彻底破灭。坎坷困顿、颠沛流离的生活，使他对民生疾苦、社会矛盾以及国事危艰 12 ，有深刻的观察与切身的感受。其诗全面而忠实地反映了所处时代广阔的社会生活，充满强烈的忧国忧民感情，被誉为“诗史”。风格以“沉郁顿挫”为主而兼具多种色调。古近律绝、长篇短制等各体皆精，尤其对七律的发展作出了杰出贡献。今存诗一千四百余首。传世名作有《望岳》、《兵车行》、《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》、《春望》、《北征》、“三吏”、“三别”诸诗以及《登高》、《秋兴》、《登岳阳楼》等。 诗写于大历二年秋天(767)，杜甫在夔州所写。全诗通过登高所望夔州秋江的景色，倾诉了自己常年漂泊、老病孤愁的复杂心情。诗歌慷慨激越，动人心弦，八句全对，一气流转，给人均齐对称的美感而不见斧凿之痕。体现了杜甫沉郁顿挫的诗风和严谨的格律，诗人把家愁与国恨紧密交织，把个人命运与国家命运休戚相关，更让人感到这位诗人伟大的人格。前四句写登高所见，后四句抒登高所感。所览之景苍凉雄浑，所抒之情沉郁悲抑，情景交融，浑然一体。悲壮而不伤感，愁苦而不消沉，是一曲卓绝千古的秋之歌。 2、艾青《北方》诗歌的“绘画美”: 艾青早年在法国留学，受法国的印象主义绘画和象征主义诗歌的影响很大。印象主义绘画讲究画家个人对光、影的感受，将实物的瞬间印象呈现于画布之上;而象征主义诗歌则注重营造充满暗示和象征意义的意象。另外，中国传统的诗画结合理论也给了艾青以启示。所以艾青的诗歌很有画面感。诗人从“感觉”出发，捕捉瞬间的印象，然后渗入自己的主观情感，创造出具有象征意义的视觉形象。《北方》体现了诗人深厚的爱国主义情感，在《北方》一诗中，“土地”作为一个整体的意象特别突出，它既象征着祖国，也象征着生活在土地上的人民。其他的景物:冻结的村庄、山坡、河岸，在风沙中前行的孤单行人、负重的驴子、惊惶的雁群„„可以说是北方“土地”整体意象之下的一个个分意象，它们联结起来，构成了一幅寒风和风沙肆虐下的北方画卷。 、 简析《登高》中杜甫登高抒怀伤时忧国之情。 3 盛唐伟大诗人，与李白同为我国诗歌史上的“双子星座”，并称“李杜”。杜甫生活于唐王朝由盛转衰、祸乱迭起的时代;在政局日趋腐败的形势下，其“致君尧舜上，再使风俗淳”的理想彻底破灭。坎坷困顿、颠沛流离的生活，使他对民生疾苦、社会矛盾以及国事危艰，有深刻的观察与切身的感受。其诗全面而忠实地反映了所处时代广阔的社会生活，充满强烈的忧国忧民感情，被誉为“诗史”。风格以“沉郁顿挫”为主而兼具多种色调。古近律绝、长篇短制等各体皆精，尤其对七律的发展作出了杰出贡献。今存诗一千四百余首。传世名作有《望岳》、《兵车行》、《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》、《春望》、《北征》、“三吏”、“三别”诸诗以及《登高》、《秋兴》、《登岳阳楼》等。 诗写于大历二年秋天(767)，杜甫在夔州所写。全诗通过登高所望夔州秋江的景色，倾诉了自己常年漂泊、老病孤愁的复杂心情。诗歌慷慨激越，动人心弦，八句全对，一气流转，给人均齐对称的美感而不见斧凿之痕。体现了杜甫沉郁顿挫的诗风和严谨的格律，诗人把家愁与国恨紧密交织，把个人命运与国家命运休戚相关，更让人感到这位诗人伟大的人格。前四句写登高所见，后四句抒登高所感。所览之景苍凉雄浑，所抒之情沉郁悲抑，情景交融，浑然一体。悲壮而不伤感，愁苦而不消沉，是一曲卓绝千古的秋之歌。 十、 一、 选择题 1、下文运用了( A )等修辞手法，语言洗炼，容量大，含义深，耐人寻味。如: 即便是站在海边礁石上，也没有像这里这样强烈地领受到水的魅力。海水是雍容大度的聚会，聚会得太多太深，茫茫一片，让人忘记它是切切实实的水，可掬可捧的水。这里的 13 水却不同，要说多也不算太多，但股股叠叠都精神焕发，合在一起比赛着飞奔的力量，踊跃着喧嚣的生命。这种比赛又极有规矩，奔着奔着，遇到江心的分水堤，刷地一下裁割为二，直窜出去，两股水分别撞到了一道坚坝，立即乖乖地转身改向，再在另一道坚坝上撞一下，于是又根据筑坝者的指令来一番调整„„也许水流对自己的驯顺有点恼怒了，突然撒起野来，猛地翻卷咆哮，但越是这样越是显现出一种更壮丽的驯顺。已经咆哮到让人心魄俱夺，也没有一滴水溅错了方位。阴气森森间，延续着一场千年的收伏战。水在这里，吃够了苦头也出足了风头，就像一大拨翻越各种障碍的马拉松健儿，把最强悍的生命付之于规整，付之于企盼，付之于众目睽睽。看云看雾看日出各有胜地，要看水，万不可忘了都江堰。 A拟人 B比喻 C白描 D特写 2、《风波》在人物描写上，善于借助性格化的 ( D )描写，揭示人物潜在的心理活动，勾勒人物的精神特征，展现复杂深微的人际关系。所有出场人物都栩栩如生，包括着墨不多的九斤老太和八一嫂，都给人以深刻印象。 A性格 B细节 C肖象 D心理 二、思考题 1、余秋雨在对都江堰的描绘和思考中体现出来的现代意识。 一是大胆置疑和反思原有的历史价值观念的精神，突出表现在否定秦始皇和长城所代表的政治理想，张扬和讴歌李冰身上体现出来的奉献精神。第二是批判现实的精神。第三是超越具体的历史时空限制，从人类生存的高度看待和思考历史。 2、余秋雨在对都江堰的描绘和思考中对比、排比、拟人等修辞手法的运用。 文章多次使用对比手法，开头就将都江堰与长城加以对比，得出长城固然伟大，但“永久性地灌溉了中华民族”的都江堰却更伟大的结论。第三节中，作者又将秦始皇筑长城的指令与李冰筑堰的指令对比，从而显示了两者的不同，颂扬了李冰的“智慧、仁慈、透明”。 “中国历史上最激动人心的工程不是长城，而是都江堰。”运用了排比、拟人等修辞手法，语言洗炼，容量大，含义深，耐人寻味。如: 即便是站在海边礁石上，也没有像这里这样强烈地领受到水的魅力。海水是雍容大度的聚会，聚会得太多太深，茫茫一片，让人忘记它是切切实实的水，可掬可捧的水。这里的水却不同，要说多也不算太多，但股股叠叠都精神焕发，合在一起比赛着飞奔的力量，踊跃着喧嚣的生命。这种比赛又极有规矩，奔着奔着，遇到江心的分水堤，刷地一下裁割为二，直窜出去，两股水分别撞到了一道坚坝，立即乖乖地转身改向，再在另一道坚坝上撞一下，于是又根据筑坝者的指令来一番调整„„也许水流对自己的驯顺有点恼怒了，突然撒起野来，猛地翻卷咆哮，但越是这样越是显现出一种更壮丽的驯顺。已经咆哮到让人心魄俱夺，也没有一滴水溅错了方位。阴气森森间，延续着一场千年的收伏战。水在这里，吃够了苦头也出足了风头，就像一大拨翻越各种障碍的马拉松健儿，把最强悍的生命付之于规整，付之于企盼，付之于众目睽睽。看云看雾看日出各有胜地，要看水，万不可忘了都江堰。 3、说说《风波》中“七斤”和“赵七爷”是怎样的人物,具有什么文学典型意义, 七斤:是当地著名的见过世面的“出场人物”，甚至于受到众人尊敬，有“相当的待遇”的。然而他听到皇帝坐龙庭的消息后的垂头丧气，对妻子责骂时的隐忍，迁怒于女儿时的内心郁闷，实际上却显示着他是一个麻木胆怯、愚昧鄙俗，毫无民主主义觉悟的落后农民的典型。作品通过这样的人物形象地表明:辛亥革命后的中国，缺乏坚执信仰和殉道精神的民众，与革命仍然极其隔膜，离革命实在还很遥远。民众这样不觉悟，是辛亥革命及其他一切变革终将失败的根本原因，也是类似辫子风波的悲剧不断上演的现实基础。赵七爷:是一个不学 14 无术，精神贫乏、空虚，善于韬晦且阴险凶狠，时刻梦想复辟的封建遗老。他的咄咄逼人的言语，恫吓、欺骗的举动，说明封建复辟势力企图卷土重来的欲望与野心。他虽与七斤等人处于不同的社会阶层，但在一定意义上，他与七斤等人一样，同是专制统治下无信仰、无特操的子民，他的被人尊敬，从另一个角度说明了辛亥革命的不彻底性。 4、分析《风波》中细节描写的作用。 在人物描写上，善于借助性格化的细节描写，揭示人物潜在的心理活动，勾勒人物的精神特征，展现复杂深微的人际关系。所有出场人物都栩栩如生，包括着墨不多的九斤老太和八一嫂，都给人以深刻印象。 5.阅读下面这段散文，回答(1)-(2)题: 我认为，中国历史上最激动人心的工程不是长城，而是都江堰。 长城当然也非常伟大，不管孟姜女们如何痛哭流涕，站远了看，这个苦难的民族竟用人力在野山荒漠间修了一条万里屏障，为我们生存的星球留下了一种人类意志力的骄傲。长城到了八达岭一带已经没有什么味道，而在甘肃、陕西、山西、内蒙一带，劲厉的寒风在时断时续的颓壁残垣间呼啸，淡淡的夕照、荒凉的旷野溶成一气，让人全身心地投入对历史、对岁月、对民族的巨大惊悸，感觉就深厚得多了。 但是，就在秦始皇下令修长城的数十年前，四川平原上已经完成了一个了不起的工程。它的规模从表面上看远不如长城宏大，却注定要稳稳当当地造福千年。如果说，长城占据了辽阔的空间，那么，它却实实在在地占据了邈远的时间。长城的社会功用早已废弛，而它至今还在为无数民众输送汩汩清流。有了它，旱涝无常的四川平原成了天府之国，每 [2]当我们民族有了重大灾难，天府之国总是沉着地提供庇护和濡养。因此，可以毫不夸张地说，它永久性地灌溉了中华民族。 有了它，才有诸葛亮、刘备的雄才大略，才有李白、杜甫、陆游的川行华章。说得近一点，有了它，抗日战争中的中国才有一个比较安定的后方。 它的水流不像万里长城那样突兀在外，而是细细浸润、节节延伸，延伸的距离并不比长城短。长城的文明是一种僵硬的雕塑，它的文明是一种灵动的生活。长城摆出一副老资格等待人们的修缮，它却卑处一隅，像一位绝不炫耀、毫无所求的乡间母亲，只知贡献。一查履历，长城还只是它的后辈。 它，就是都江堰。 (1)简述这段散文写作上的特点。 运用对比:将都江堰与长城加以对比，得出长城固然伟大，但“永久性地灌溉了中华民族”的都江堰却更伟大的结论。 15 (2)略说余秋雨对都江堰的描绘与思考中体现出来的现代意识。 一是大胆置疑和反思原有的历史价值观念的精神，突出表现在否定秦始皇和长城所代表的政治理想，张扬和讴歌李冰身上体现出来的奉献精神。第二是批判现实的精神。第三是超越具体的历史时空限制，从人类生存的高度看待和思考历史。 6 阅读分析下文,回答(1)-(3)题: 我去都江堰之前，以为它只是一个水利工程罢了，不会有太大的游观价值。连葛洲坝都看过了，它还能怎么样,只是要去青城山玩，得路过灌县县城，它就在近旁，就乘便看一眼吧。因此，在灌县下车，心绪懒懒的，脚步散散的，在街上胡逛，一心只想看青城山。 七转八弯，从简朴的街市走进了一个草木茂盛的所在。脸面渐觉滋润，眼前愈显清朗，也没有谁指路，只向更滋润、更清朗的去处走。忽然，天地间开始有些异常，一种隐隐然的骚动，一种还不太响却一定是非常响的声音，充斥周际。如地震前兆，如海啸将临，如山崩即至，浑身起一种莫名的紧张，又紧张得急于趋附。不知是自己走去的还是被它吸去的，终于陡然一惊，我已站在伏龙馆前，眼前，急流浩荡，大地震颤。 即便是站在海边礁石上，也没有像这里这样强烈地领受到水的魅力。海水是雍容大度的聚会，聚会得太多太深，茫茫一片，让人忘记它是切切实实的水，可掬可捧的水。这里的水却不同，要说多也不算太多，但股股叠叠都精神焕发，合在一起比赛着飞奔的力量，踊跃着喧器的生命。这种比赛又极有规矩，奔着奔着，遇到江心的分水堤，刷地一下裁割为二，直窜出去，两股水分别撞到了一道坚坝，立即乖乖地转身改向，再在另一道坚坝上撞一下，于是又根据筑坝者的指令一番调整„„也许水流对自己的驯顺有点恼怒了，突然撒起野来，猛地翻卷咆哮，但越是这样越是显现出一种更壮丽的驯顺。已经咆哮到让人心魄俱夺，也没有一滴水溅错了方位。阴气森森间，延续着一场千年的收伏战。水在这里，吃够了苦头也出足了风头，就像一大拨翻越各种障碍的马拉松健儿，把日子强悍的生命付之于规整，付之于企盼，付之于众目睽睽。看云看雾看日出各有胜地，要看水，万不可忘了都江堰。 (1)本文是如何运用先抑后扬方法的? 从对它先不以为然写起，直写到自己被它震撼衬出都江堰的浩荡气势。 (2)作者怎样从侧面营造气氛的? 写环境的润朗，写声音，为都江堰出现诈铺垫。 (3)文中用了哪几种修辞手法? 对比，拟人，排比。 十一、 一、 选择题 1、竺可桢1936年起任浙江大学校长，在国步艰危、颠沛流离之中，他执掌浙大13年，以“求是”为校训，身为表率，包容兼蓄，教授云集，培育出一大批精英良才。浙江大学从此崛起为全国名牌大学，被誉为“东方剑桥”，蜚声中外。《唐宋诗中的物候》选取了( A )这个独特的角度，介绍物候的有关知识。借助唐宋诗中月、露、风、云等之咏，揭示大自然的本质，进一步分析了唐宋诗中描写出植物和候鸟等物候特点及其反映出的物候规律。 A气候 B 植物候鸟 C 唐宋诗 D 月、露、风、云 2、21世纪是开放、兼容、共享的新时代,数字技术更使影视与电脑网络联成一体,世界成名副其实的“地球村”。重视知识创新和传播是今天知识经济的显著特征。当你进入社会从事职场工作时, 你不仅要处理各种专业事务,而且必须应对纷繁的相互关系。沟通,将对你事业 16 的成功与个人的幸福极为重要:成功之径,构通起步。沟通(communication)是人们分享信息、思想和情感的任何过程。沟通的起点是( B )与博爱。 A和谐 B包容 C 认同 D共识 3、组织管理的技术——系统工程是一篇宏观性质的科普作品，不像科学小品，可从科学现象点滴生发开去;也不能如科幻作品，展开幻想翅膀高飞。它既有严格的科学性，用准确、通俗的文字高度概括地介绍系统工程的知识;又深入浅出，( A )，寓繁于简，以鲜明的观点、丰富的内容、醒目的标题豁人耳目，使外行乐意领教。 A通俗易懂 B以一总万 C大题小做 D另辟蹊径 二、思考题 说说“桥”的遐思。 21世纪是开放、兼容、共享的新时代,数字技术更使影视与电脑网络联成一体,世界成名副其实的“地球村”。重视知识创新和传播是今天知识经济的显著特征。当你进入社会从事职场工作时, 你不仅要处理各种专业事务,而且必须应对纷繁的相互关系。沟通,将对你事业的成功与个人的幸福极为重要:成功之径,构通起步。沟通(communication)是人们分享信息、思想和情感的任何过程。沟通的起点是包容与博爱, 重点是架“桥”。 桥梁是人类最重要的创作之一，它不断以崭新的风姿出现在地球上，一头承接民族优秀文化的传统，一头通向美好的明天。只要我们遵循科学发展观, 路是人走出来的，有了路，就要桥。哪里有人，哪里就有路，同时哪里也就可能有桥。人是需要桥的，同时人也能造桥。只要有能修的路，就没有不能造的桥。人能移土填海来修路，也能连山跨海来造桥。随着科学技术的进步，世界上没有不能造的桥。27.理解《前赤壁赋》中作者写景抒情由情入理生动地抒发的不重得失的豁达乐观的情怀。 宋神宗元丰三年(1080)，苏轼因“乌台诗案”而被贬至湖北黄州任团练副使，过着受压抑的谪居生活。元丰五年，他两次游览了黄州赤壁并写了前后《赤壁赋》。 苏轼把黄州赤壁当作三国时期周瑜大破曹军的赤壁(湖北蒲圻)，以此借题发挥。本篇抒发了作者不重得失的豁达乐观的胸怀，同时也反映了他对现实不满的心情，流露出一种无可奈何的消极情绪。通篇由乐而悲，转悲为喜。文中所阐述的变与不变的人生哲理，含有朴素的辩证法思想。作者由景生情、借物喻理的高超手法，写景、抒情和说理的高度统一，形象性和哲理性的高度统一，使文章成为唐宋文赋中的一篇优秀作品。 全篇可分三部分: 一由清风明月写超然之乐。 二由历史人物写现实苦闷。 三以主客问答阐明变与不变的哲理: 客亦知夫水与月乎,逝者如斯，而未尝往也;盈虚者如彼，而卒莫消长也。盖将自其变者而观之，则天地曾不能以一瞬;自其不变者而观之，则物与我皆无尽也，而又何羡乎,且夫天地之间，物各有主。苟非吾之所有，虽一毫而莫取。惟江上之清风，与山间之明月，耳得之而为声，目遇之而成色。取之无禁，用之不竭。是造物者之无尽藏也，而吾与子之所共适。 从而生动地抒发了豁达乐观的情怀。 十二、 一、选择题 1、“江畔何人初见月，江月何年初照人”《春江花月夜》中诗句交织着对宇宙和人生的探索,( A ) 曾将此诗誉为“诗中之诗, 顶峰上的顶峰”。 A闻一多 B艾 青 C 徐志摩 D冯 至 2、《前赤壁赋》中作者写景抒情由情入理生动地抒发的不重得失的豁达乐观的情怀。文中他以 ( D )阐明变与不变的哲理: 客亦知夫水与月乎,逝者如斯，而未尝往也;盈虚者如 17 彼，而卒莫消长也。盖将自其变者而观之，则天地曾不能以一瞬;自其不变者而观之，则物与我皆无尽也，而又何羡乎,且夫天地之间，物各有主。苟非吾之所有，虽一毫而莫取。惟江上之清风，与山间之明月，耳得之而为声，目遇之而成色。取之无禁，用之不竭。是造物者之无尽藏也，而吾与子之所共适。 A主客问答 B清风明月 C人生感悟 D以景拟人 3、胡适在中国哲学史、文学史、古典小说和古籍整理等各个领域的研究中，都有重要成果。 共三集)、《中国哲学史》、《白话文学史》、《中国章回小说考证》主要著作有:《胡适文存》( 等。其《尝试集》为中国现代文学史上第一部( A )集。 A 政论 B 学术著作 C 新诗 D 话剧作品 4、《雨巷》写于1928年大革命失败后的白色恐怖时期。诗人以象征之笔，通过对黑暗现实(雨巷)中希望与理想(女郎)的找寻和与她的失之交臂，表达了诗人对现实不满、失望又找不到出路的( D )情绪。 A 悲哀 B 焦急 C 热切 D苦闷 二、思考题 1、理解《前赤壁赋》中作者写景抒情由情入理生动地抒发的不重得失的豁达乐观的情怀。 宋神宗元丰三年(1080)，苏轼因“乌台诗案”而被贬至湖北黄州任团练副使，过着受压抑的谪居生活。元丰五年，他两次游览了黄州赤壁并写了前后《赤壁赋》。 苏轼把黄州赤壁当作三国时期周瑜大破曹军的赤壁(湖北蒲圻)，以此借题发挥。《前赤壁赋》中抒发了作者不重得失的豁达乐观的胸怀，同时也反映了他对现实不满的心情，流露出一种无可奈何的消极情绪。通篇由乐而悲，转悲为喜。文中所阐述的变与不变的人生哲理，含有朴素的辩证法思想。作者由景生情、借物喻理的高超手法，写景、抒情和说理的高度统一，形象性和哲理性的高度统一，使文章成为唐宋文赋中的一篇优秀作品。 2、《雨巷》中象征意象的意蕴。 《雨巷》写于1928年大革命失败后的白色恐怖时期。诗人以象征之笔，通过对黑暗现实(雨巷)中希望与理想(女郎)的找寻和与她的失之交臂，表达了诗人对现实不满、失望又找不到出路的苦闷情绪。 全诗吸取了中国古典诗词重意象，重意境的长处和西方现代诗歌重象征、重暗示的功能，以悠长、舒缓的节奏，表达了滞重、愁苦的诗情，体现了作者“诗的韵律不在字的抑扬顿挫上，而在诗的情绪的抑扬顿挫上”的诗歌创作理想，从而“替新诗底音节开了一个新的纪元”。 3、《前赤壁赋》中作者苏轼抒发了怎样的情怀? 宋神宗元丰三年(1080)，苏轼因“乌台诗案”而被贬至湖北黄州任团练副使，过着受压抑的谪居生活。元丰五年，他两次游览了黄州赤壁并写了前后《赤壁赋》。 苏轼把黄州赤壁当作三国时期周瑜大破曹军的赤壁(湖北蒲圻)，以此借题发挥。《前赤壁赋》中抒发了作者不重得失的豁达乐观的胸怀，同时也反映了他对现实不满的心情，流露出一种无可奈何的消极情绪。通篇由乐而悲，转悲为喜。文中所阐述的变与不变的人生哲理，含有朴素的辩证法思想。作者由景生情、借物喻理的高超手法，写景、抒情和说理的高度统一，形象性和哲理性的高度统一，使文章成为唐宋文赋中的一篇优秀作品。 18 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > 19 column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, 20 disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to 21 two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, 22 formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central 23 Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by 24 the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put 25 forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good 26 family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with 27 regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of 28 Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, 29 maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing 30 a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a 31 conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for 32 the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process 33 combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of 34 principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the 35 provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new 36 regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report 37 personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the 38 organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading 39 cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according 40 to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < 41 Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although 42 the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is 43 emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative 44 technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. 45 violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed 46 from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, 47 implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations 48 learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the 49 provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the 50 party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central 51 Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party 52 organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the 53 simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" 54 to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be 55 strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations. 56