清英文诗明

清明,这些习俗你知道吗? 中国日报网双语新闻2015-04-05 ·分享 清明节是人们悼念逝者、缅怀先人、寄托思念的传统节日。基于上述意义,清明节已成为华人的重要节日。关于清明,您了解多少呢? [扫墓] At the Qingming Festival (Tomb-Sweeping Day), people usually worship their ancestors by burning incense and paper money at their ancestors' grave sites. People show respect to their ancestors by visiting their graves, and offering food, wine, flower, etc. They sweep the tombs, removing weeds, and adding fresh soil to the graves, stick willow branches on the tomb, and burn paper money. They pray before their ancestors' graves and beseech them to bless their families. However, the custom has been greatly simplified today, especially in cities, where only flowers are presented to the dead. 清明节,人们通常在祖宗坟前焚香烧纸,拜祭祖先。人们来到祖先坟前,供上食物、酒水、鲜花等,以示敬意。他们扫墓、除草、添土,在墓上插柳并焚烧纸钱。他们在祖先坟前祷告,请求他们保佑家人。但是,如今的习俗已大大简化,特别是在城里,他们只向逝者献花。 [插柳] During Qingming Festival, people wear soft willow branches and place the branches on gates. Willows are considered magical, and people believe that this custom will ward away wandering evil spirits during Qingming. Traditional pictures of the Goddess of Mercy Guanyin often show her seated on a lotus flower with a willow branch in a vase in her hand. 清明节期间,人们会佩带软的柳枝,并将柳枝插在门上。人们认为柳枝具有神力,这种风俗能在清明期间辟邪。观音菩萨的传统形象通常就是坐在莲花上,拿着插柳枝的花瓶。 [踏青] Qingming is also called Taqing Festival. Taqing means a spring outing, when people get out and enjoy the spring blossoms. The festival usually falls on a day not long before everything turns green in the north, and well into the spring flower season in the south. It marks the beginning of the season when people spend more time outside as the weather warms up. 清明节又叫踏青节。踏青意思是春游,人们外出欣赏春天欣欣向荣的景象。清明节通常是在北方万物变绿前不久的一天,恰逢南方春暖花开的时候。清明标志着随着天气变暖,人们外出时间增多的季节开始了。 [放风筝] It is traditional for people to fly kites during the Qingming holiday, no matter in the daytime or at night. In the evening, they attach strings of little colorful lanterns to the kite or the thread, which look like twinkling stars in the sky, giving them the name "sacred lantern". In the past, some people would cut off the thread when the kite flew to the sky, letting it drift to wherever the wind took it. It is said that this can cure diseases, prevent disasters and bring good luck. 清明假期期间放风筝是一项传统。人们不仅白天放,夜间也放,夜里在风筝上或风筝拉线上挂上一串串彩色的小灯笼,像闪烁的明星,被称为"神灯"。过去,有的人把风筝放上蓝天后,便剪断牵线,任凭清风把它们送往天涯海角,据说这样能除病消灾,给自己带来好运。 [山东] People in some places have the custom of eating cold food during the Qingming Festival. In Jimo of Shandong, people eat eggs and cold cake; in Laiyang, Zhaoyuan and Changdao of Shandong, people eat eggs and cold broomcorn. In Tai'an, people eat cold pancakes with chicory. It is said that eating Qingming Festival food can make people's eyes brighter. 有些地方的人们在清明节有吃冷食的习惯。在山东,即墨吃鸡蛋和冷 饽饽;莱阳、招远、长岛吃鸡蛋和冷高粱米饭。泰安吃冷煎饼卷生苦菜,据说清明吃了这些食物可以明目。 [山西] In central Shanxi, people do not even use fire on the day before Qingming Festival. In south Shanxi, people usually eat steamed bread for Qingming Festival. The bread is made in the shape of a dragon with walnuts, dates and beans inside. An egg is stuck in the central part of the dragon, which is called zifu ("good luck for the son"). A very large zifu should be cooked to represent a family reunion and happiness, as well as to offer sacrifice to deceased ancestors. After sweeping the tomb, the whole family divides and eats the zifu. 晋中一带保留着清明前一日禁火的习俗。晋南人过清明时,习惯用白面蒸大馍,中间夹有核桃、枣儿、豆子,外面盘成龙形,龙身中间扎一个鸡蛋,名为"子福"。(见图)要蒸一个很大的总"子福",象征全家团圆幸福。上坟时,将总"子福"献给祖灵,扫墓完毕后全家分食之。 [上海] According to an old custom in Shanghai, people collected steamed confectionary used in a ceremony in wicker baskets and dried them. On the day of Lixia (the beginning of summer), the candies would be fried in oil for children. It is said that eating the food on Lixia can help children prevent summer fever. 上海旧俗,用柳条将祭祀用过的蒸糕饼团贯穿起来,晾干后存放着,到立夏那天,将之油煎,给小孩吃,据说吃了以后不得疰夏病。 In Shanghai, people eat green rice balls during Qingming Festival. People mix bromegrass juice with glutinous rice and make them into balls with bean paste and jujube paste as stuffing. Then, the balls are placed on reed leaves and steamed. The cooked balls are green and fragrant. It is the most seasonal food for Qingming Festival in Shanghai. Some people in the city like eating peach-blossom porridge on Qingming Festival and using anchovies as part of the tomb sweeping offerings and in family dinners. 上海清明节时有吃青团的风俗。将雀麦草汁和糯米一起舂合,使青汁和米粉相互融合,然后包上豆沙、枣泥等馅料,用芦叶垫底蒸熟。蒸熟出笼的青团色泽鲜绿,香气扑鼻,是当地清明节最有特色的节令食品。(见图)上海也有人家清明节爱吃桃花粥,在扫墓和家宴上爱用刀鱼。 [浙江] In Huzhou of Zhejiang, people make zongzi (a kind of pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in reed leaves) at home for tomb sweeping. They also take zongzi when hiking. As the saying goes, "At Qingming, zongzi is the major food." Around the time of Qingming, snails are very fat. There is a proverb, "A snail at Qingming is as big as a goose." In rural families, people have the custom of eating snails at the Qingming Festival. On the day, people pick out the snail flesh with needles for cooking, which is called tiaoqing. Then, they throw the snail shells onto the roofs as the sound of shells rolling on the roof is said to drive mice away. Without mice, people can raise silkworms at home after Qingming Festival. 在浙江湖州,清明节家家裹粽子,可作上坟的祭品,也可做踏青带的干粮。俗话说:"清明粽子稳牢牢。"清明前后,螺蛳肥壮。俗话说: "清明螺,赛只鹅。"农家有清明吃螺蛳的习惯,这天用针挑出螺蛳肉烹食,叫"挑青"。吃后将螺蛳壳扔到房顶上,据说屋瓦上发出的滚动声能吓跑老鼠,有利于清明后养蚕。 At the Qingming Festival, community feasts are usually held and families of the same ancestral halls gather together for the feast. For people with no ancestral hall, families with the same great grandfather gather together for the feasts. The dishes for the feasts are mainly fish, meat, tofu and vegetables. They also drink homemade liquor. 清明节这天,还要办社酒。同一宗祠的人家在一起聚餐。没有宗祠的 人家,一般同一高祖下各房子孙们在一起聚餐。社酒的菜肴,荤以鱼肉为主,素以豆腐青菜为主,酒以家酿白酒为主。 清明节Qingming Festival/Tomb-Sweeping Day 祭祀节日day of sacrifice 祭祖offer sacrifices to ancestors 悼文memorial essay 网上祭扫online tomb-sweeping 网络纪念馆Internet memorial 哀悼之情condolences 纸钱hell note/joss paper 殡葬用品funeral supplies 殡葬服务业funeral services 经营性公墓commercial cemetery 殡仪业者mortician 焚香burn incense 扫墓tomb-sweeping 孝心filial piety