海文2013年冬季CET6 付博

海文2013年冬季CET6 付博 2013年冬季CET-6考点精华解读 1. 作文评分 原则 组织架构调整原则组织架构设计原则组织架构设置原则财政预算编制原则问卷调查设计原则 : 第一眼:书写——答题态度 第二眼:扣题——思维品质 第三眼: 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达——英语功底 2. 作文试题类型: 哲理阐释类 第一段:引入话题，阐明哲理 第二段:联系现实，充分论证 第三段:针对上文，提出建议 图表阐释类 第一段:描述图片，引向主题 第二段:联系现实，充分论证 第三段:针对上文，提出建议 3. 作文备考 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 : (2012-12) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Maintaining Trust by commenting on the saying “It takes years to build trust, and a few seconds to destroy it.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. (2012-12) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man and Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not that the computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. (2012-6) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 1 Emerging from / Depicted by / Under the amusing appearance of the cartoon is a thought- provoking scene: asked about her school performance by his father, a little girl, stepping away from him, tells her father to check it out on her blog. By this scenario, the cartoonist is imparting us the notion that Internet seemingly draws us near, but actually sets us apart. Indeed, we have all stepped into an era of getting and staying in touch with others through internet. Each of us seems close to another under this circumstance, but not everyone has looked at the side-effect of the technology: the Internet also cut off the face-to-face communication. To be specific, in our daily life, it’s not uncommon that some teenagers may chat with total strangers online for hours, but refuse to have a conversation with their parents at home for even a minute. Evidently, we should take a rational attitude towards this issue, but how? The media should promote the awareness of healthy lifestyle among Internet addicts. Meanwhile, social activities, either in communities or on campuses, should be launched so that Internet addicts can get back to the real world. Just as what the cartoon connotes, we are masters of the web, but not mastered by web. (Sample) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Money is not all-mighty. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 钱非万能 Under the amusing appearance of the cartoon is a thought-provoking scene: a rich man, offering more money, insists to buy items such as love, health and happiness, although he is told that these things are not for sale. By this scenario, the cartoonist is imparting us the notion that never over-emphasis the power of money. 2 Indeed, we have all stepped into an era of getting and possessing what we need with money. Each of us seems to contend the value of money, but not everyone has looked at the truth: money is powerful but not all-mighty. To be specific, in our daily life, it’s not uncommon that one with huge amount of money can purchase a villa, but not necessarily a warm family; one with inexhaustible wealth can enjoy a life of great comfort, but not necessarily a sense of belonging. Evidently, we should take a rational attitude towards this money, but how? The media should promote the awareness of wealth can only guarantee the material satisfaction. To put it another way, we should never magnify the power of money. Just as what the cartoon connotes, non-material wealth, say, love and well-being, can only be obtained by our sincerity, enthusiasm, and perseverance. Listening Comprehension 考试项目 试题价值 提升空间 一 二 三 短对话考场攻略 11. [A] She can count on the man for help. [B] She has other plans for this weekend. [C] She can lend the man a sleeping bag. [D] She has got camping gear for rent. 13. [A] He can't afford to go traveling yet. [B] His trip to Hawaii was not enjoyable. [C] He usually checks his brakes before a trip [D] His trip to Hawaii has used up all his money. 16. [A] He declines to join the gardening club. [B] He is a professional gardener in town. [C] He prefers to keep his gardening skills to himself. [D] He wishes to receive formal training in gardening. Reading Comprehension 考试项目 试题价值 提升空间 一 二 三 Section A? Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a 3 letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage. To understand why we should be concerned about how young people read, it helps to know something about the way the ability to read evolved. Unlike the ability to understand and produce spoken language, the ability to read must be painstakingly 36 by each individual. The “reading circuits” we construct in the brain can be 37 or they can be robust, depending on how often and how 38 we use them. The deep reader enters a state of hypnotic trance (心醉神迷的状态). When readers are enjoying the experience the most, the pace of their reading 39 slows. The combination of fast, fluent decoding of words and slow, unhurried progress on the page gives deep readers time to enrich their reading with reflection and analysis. It gives them time to establish an 40 relationship with the author, the two of them 41 in a long and warm conversation like people falling in love. This is not reading as many young people know it. Their reading is instrumental: the difference between what literary critic Frank Kermode calls “carnal (肉体的) reading” and “spiritual reading.” If we allow our offspring to believe carnal reading isall there is — if we don’t open the door to spiritual reading, through an early 42 on discipline and practice — we will have 43 them of an enjoyable experience they would not otherwise encounter. Observing young people’s 44 to digital devices, some progressive educators talk about “meeting kids where they are,” molding instruction around their onscreen habits. This is mistaken. We need, 45 , to show them someplace they’ve never been, a place only deep reading can take them. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。 A) acquired B) actually C) attachment D) cheated E) engaged F) feeble G) illicit H) insistence I) intimate J) notwithstanding K) petition L) rather M) scarcely N) swayed O) vigorously KEYS: AFOBI EHDCL Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statement attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondin letter on Answer Sheet 2. g Into the Unknown The world has never seen population aging before. Can it cope? [A] Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a “world assembly on ageing” back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled “Averting the Old Age Crisis”, it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable. [B] For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare. 4 [C] Since then the debate has become less emotional, not least because a lot more is known about the subject. Books, conferences and research papers have multiplied. International organisations such as the OECD and the EU issue regular reports. Population ageing is on every agenda, from G8 economic conferences to NATO summits. The World Economic Forum plans to consider the future of pensions and health care at its prestigious Davos conference early next year. The media, including this newspaper, are giving the subject extensive coverage. [D]Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question. Governments in rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly. That is not surprising: politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rush to introduce unpopular measures that may not bear fruit for years, perhaps decades. [E] The outline of the changes needed is clear. To avoid fiscal (财政的) meltdown, public pensions and health-care provision will have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up. By far the most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to work longer, because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time. It may even keep them alive longer. John Rother, the AARP’s head of policy and strategy, points to studies showing that other things being equal, people who remain at work have lower death rates than their retired peers. [F] Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly thanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour force, increasing employers’ choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey. [G]In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labour force as have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for about 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%. [H]On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth. But over the next few decades labour forces in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europe’s most youthful countries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible. [I] To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, “old” countries would have to rejuvenate (使年轻) themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child. 5 [J] And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up? It will not be the end of the world, at least not for quite a while yet, but the world will slowly become a different place. Older societies may be less innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones. By 2025 at the latest, about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over 50—and older people turn out to vote in much greater numbers than younger ones. Academic studies have found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push for policies that specifically benefit them, though if in future there are many more of them they might start doing so. [K] Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s. After all, older people themselves mostly have families. In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11 European countries, Karsten Hank of Mannheim University found that 85% of them lived within 25km of each other and the majority of them were in touch at least once a week. [L] Even so, the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just economically and politically but in all sorts of other ways too. Richard Jackson and Neil Howe of America’s CSIS, in a thoughtful book called The Graying of the Great Powers, argue that, among other things, the ageing of the developed countries will have a number of serious security implications. [M]For example, the shortage of young adults is likely to make countries more reluctant to commit the few they have to military service. In the decades to 2050, America will find itself playing an ever-increasing role in the developed world’s defence effort. Because America’s population will still be growing when that of most other developed countries is shrinking, America will be the only developed country that still matters geopolitically (地缘政治上). Ask me in 2020 [N] There is little that can be done to stop population ageing, so the world will have to live with it. But some of the consequences can be alleviated. Many experts now believe that given the right policies, the effects, though grave, need not be catastrophic. Most countries have recognised the need to do something and are beginning to act. [O] But even then there is no guarantee that their efforts will work. What is happening now is historically unprecedented. Ronald Lee, director of the Centre on the Economics and Demography of Ageing at the University of California, Berkeley, puts it briefly and clearly: “We don’t really know what population ageing will be like, because nobody has done it yet.” 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。 1. Employers should realise it is important to keep older workers in the workforce. 2. A recent study found that most old people in some European countries had regular weekly contact with their adult children. 3. Few governments in rich countries have launched bold reforms to tackle the problem of population ageing. 4. In a report published some 20 years ago, the sustainability of old-age pension systems in most countries was called into doubt. 5. Countries that have a shortage of young adults will be less willing to send them to war. 6. One-child families are more common in ageing societies due to the stress of urban life and the difficulties of balancing family and career. 7. A series of books, mostly authored by Americans, warned of conflicts between the older and younger generations. 6 8. Compared with younger ones, older societies tend to be less innovative and take fewer risks. 9. The best solution to the pension crisis is to postpone the retirement age. 10. Immigration as a means to boost the shrinking labour force may meet with resistance in some rich countries. KEYS: FKDAM IBJEH Section C: 【范例一】 Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. “There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University. 33. On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree? [A] Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation. [B] Human height is conditioned by the upright posture. [C] Americans are the tallest on average in the world. [D] Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood. 【范例二】 …. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases. 53. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that ________. [A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad [B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide [C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief [D] a government board ensures fair play in railway business 【范例三】 As senator Daniel Moynihan said, the administration is defining poverty up. It's legitimate to debate how much we should aid the poor or reduce economic inequality. But the debate should not be swayed by misleading statistics that few Americans could possibly understand. Government statistics should strive for political neutrality(中立).This one fails. 56. What does the author want to say by quoting Daniel Moynihan? [A] Economic equality is but an empty dream. [B] Political neutrality can never be achieved. [C] The administration's statistics are biased. [D] The debate over poverty will get nowhere. 【范例四】 Eleven summers ago I was sent to a management program at the Wharton School to be prepared for bigger things. Along with lectures on finance and entrepreneurship and the like, the program included a delightfully out-of-place session with Al Filreis, an English professor at the University of Pennsylvania, on poetry. 57. Why did the author participate in the Wharton School management program? [A] He was a passionate lover of classical poetry. [B] He was being trained for an important position. 7 [C] He had just been promoted to top management. [D] He was interested in finance and entrepreneurship. Translation Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. (1)中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。(2)新年的庆祝活动从除 夕开始一直延续到元宵节(the Lantern Festival)，即从农历(lunar calendar) 最后一个月的最后 一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。(3)各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常 每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。(4)为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进 行大扫除。(5)人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联(couplets)，对联的主题为健康、发财和 好运。(6)其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。 Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival in China, is the most important traditional Chinese holiday. New Year celebrations last from Chinese New Year’s Eve to the Lantern Festival, viz. from the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar to the 15th day of the first month. Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place. However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck. Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends. 8