张家界武陵源风景区介绍(英文版)

nullnullnullThe Place Where the dream began … nullLocated in the northwest of Hunan Province ,China,Zhangjiajie covers 9,563 square kilometers with total population of 1.552milion.zhangjiajie was approved by state Department in September 1982 to be built into thLoce first national forest park,and listed by United nations in December 1992 in the Directory of World Natural Heritages .Later,it was consecutively appraised through comparison as top-ranking tourist city in China and China National Geologic Park.Zhangjiajie is well know in the world for its marvelous spectacle of puartz sandstone hoodoos that blend the natural scenes of mountain,water,and cave together with dense amorous feelings of minority.nullnullnullThe most fantastic sight in Zhangjiajie is quartz sand rock hoodoos,dense,glomerate,and covers with green boskage. The forming of hoodoos took a very long time historic phase,and the original material came from a large number of quartz sand granules flushed into the marine sediments at the initial geosynclinal stage 1.5 billion years ago.Later at the moddle stage,as the orogeny occurred,thoes esdiments moved up and eventually formed the mountains.nullZhangjiajie has a good name of “Three thousand miraculous peaks”,Due the different sizes and heights of those peaks,some have peaks attached at the foot or peaks grew at the sideor peaks intersected at the summit,some look like mountain range when viewed crossly but look like peaks when viewes sideways,and some are difficult to tell whether or not they are peaks.Both peaks and foundations are composed of quartz sand rock with relative height between 100m and 300m.In May 1992,Dr.Sangcel and Dr.Lucas,inspection officer of world natural heritage,made a field investigation to the hoodoos in Zhangjiajie,and the they made following comments;the glomerate sandstone peaks are comparable with several National Parks and monuments in the west of America……”.Some people believe “most of peaks display more vertical contour than those in the heritage places in Ameroca and Australia.therefore,the quartz sandstone hoodoos in Zhangjidjie is in possession of monopolizing status in the word. The forming of hoodoos took a very long time historic phase,and the original material came from a large number of quartz sand granules flushed into the marine sediments at the initial geosynclinal stage 1.5 billion years ago.Later at the moddle stage,as the orogeny occurred,thoes esdiments moved up and eventually formed the mountains. nullnullTth mountains in Zhangjiajie are highly praised by the visitors,and what is more,the water in .Zhangjiajie is deemed carefree and joyous.Water and mountain,each shine and reflecting more brolloantly in other’s company,trace out a serene and graceful artistic conception of “More fantasticality of mountain is brought out by water,and more elegance of water is brought out by mountain”.nullThere is a saying of “Eight hundreds of water” in the beauty spot,and precisely there are 48 large brooks,Jinbian Brook and Suo Brook both flowing eastward,run through the the whole scenic spot,converging Pipa Brook,Hua Brook,Shadao Broook,Longwei Brook, Kuangdong Brook.Allof those trickling streams have cut lots of mountain body deeply resulting to long and narrow gulches and gorges of both vertical and horizontal.Thoes gulches and g orges have d eveloped increadingly from west to eadt to come into being large lakes such as Sky Pool,Baofeng Lake and Suoxi Lake as well as springs and ponds such as Zicao Pond and Tiaoyu Pond.Ten-mile Gallery,Shadao Ravine,and Jinbian Brook altogether form a clear and graceful waterscape. null Cloud is one of the marvelous spectacles in Tianzi Mountain.in the cloudscape scenery,there is sea of cloud,waterfall of cloud,smoke of cloud,color of cloud,and mist of sloud with thousands of shapes displaying its unique enchantment.The thick clouds piles up with numerous sheets are soft and spongy just like white blowball that forms the sea of cloud.Coming down in torrents from igh to low,or flowing in the canyon,is the characteristic of thewaterfall of cloud.There are many other anomalous clouds,sometimes they pervade all over the mountains like fog,and sometimes they flow undulate at the mountainsides;sometimes they are thick or thin,andsometimes they hide or veil.Out of thoes thousands of transformations,comes of the smoke of cloud in numberless threads,comes the mist of cloud in numberless sheets,and comes the color of cloud in beautiful brocades…nullnull“Zhangjiajie does not hibernate.” There are many high mountains surrounding this place,which results in bright and clear days most of tine,so the regional microclimate is much warm where one can enjoy a sightseeing tour without suffering from inclement weather while keeping away from sweltering summer heat .The scenic spot has a high altitude with distinct mountain climate,where people can see that all branches and leaves create a crystal world when taking a wide view.There are fairylike and peculiar misty pine trees with thousands of shapes,and there are inartificial pure bushes with clumsy but simple and honest look.When snow falls,whether heavy or subtle,the whole area on the mountain tumsinto a dazzling white world covered with snow,just like the white jades piling up in the emerald dish.Meanwhile those dead twigs and old trees bloom and look brand-new reminding people of “Lichen as lesf in spring,and snow as flower in winter”.Even if Zhangjia jie is a world of ice and snow in winter,these trees tall and straight,and thoes ridges and peaks standing firm,will still peenetrate the ice and snow to appear dynamic by exhibiting numerous green banners.And that is the sheer difference of snow in Zhangjiajie from that in the northland!nullnullThe soil household love lives together and love mourn feet wood building.Setting up all of buildings is Tsun 1s village, one Zhai Zhai of, few single house only door.The house set up is mostly wood structure, small green tile, spend a space window, take charge of Yan to hang empty, wood column arm-rest, walk Ma Zhuan Jiao, thou fragrant thou color.The general daily life at homes all have a small courtyard, hospital before have fence, there is behind bamboo grove in hospital, the granite plank paves road surfaces and planes a board to pack wall, loose illuminate clearly, one lives sunrise but makes, the pastoral of sunset but interest is quite to live. Men and women much through love each other matrimony to the song.Before soil household marries vulgar woman to get married, there is the customs of "cry to marry".The funeral is basic to is to bury in the ground, the ancient times expects a person to also have cremate, hang coffin to bury, the ship coffin bury of custom.The soil household is placed in the original religion adoration stage.Soil household peacetime everyday three meals, the leisure generally has two meals;The spring summer peak season on a farm, labor strength had four meals while being more big.If transplant rice seedling season, the morning wants to add "lead early", "lead early" mostly the glutinous rice does of the tang yuan or mung bean flour is a type of a light repast.It is said that"lead early" for meal eats a tang yuan have already produced good, idea with satisfied good luck.The soil household is still pleased cooking oil tea soup. Everyday staple food in addition to rice, with maize corn rice most is familiar.Sometimes also have bean rice, Ba Ba and regiment Mao are also the staple foods of soil household seasonals, have of even had been eating till to plant Yang, the red Tiao had been being seen as the staple food in many regions in the past, is still some regions to go into a winter empress now of often have food. Soil household food with sour hot is its main characteristics.null土家族爱群居，爱住吊脚木楼。建房都是一村村，一寨寨的，很少单家独户。所建房屋多为木结构，小青瓦，花格窗，司檐悬空，木栏扶手，走马转角，古香古色。一般居家都有小庭院，院前有篱笆，院后有竹林，青石板铺路，刨木板装壁，松明照亮，一家过着日出而作，日落而息的田园宁静生活。 男女多经对歌相爱结婚。土家族婚俗女子出嫁前，有“哭嫁”的风俗。丧葬基本是土葬，古代巴人也有火葬、悬棺葬、船棺葬的习俗。土家族处于原始宗教崇拜阶段。土家族平时每日三餐，闲时一般吃两餐；春夏农忙、劳动强度较大时吃四餐。如插秧季节，早晨要加一顿“过早”，“过早”大都是糯米做的汤圆或绿豆粉一类的小吃。据说“过早”餐吃汤圆有五谷丰登、吉祥如意之意。土家族还喜食油茶汤。 日常主食除米饭外，以包谷饭最为常见。有时也吃豆饭，粑粑和团馓也是土家族季节性的主食，有的甚至一直吃到栽秧时，过去红苕在许多地区一直被当成主食，现仍是一些地区入冬后的常备食品。 土家族菜肴以酸辣为其主要特点。 希望希望The soil family of diligence braveness were living on this miraculous land for last thousand yearses, had already known the hope promotes culture in the soil house, this is the responsibility that we are used as a soil family.The end hopes that our city becomes more beautiful, tomorrow of hope Zhang Jia Jie will be more fine! 勤劳勇敢的土家人在这片神奇的土地上生活了上千年，一直希望将土家文化发扬光大，这是我们做为一个土家人的责任。最后，希望我们的城市变得更美丽，希望张家界的明天会更美好！#^_^#nullGroup Member:吴曦、李城澄、田逸龙、龙训铖、彭远来、胡萍、张婷、舒毅、吴梓源、谷林宪、赵继昌、刘黎敏、胡富睿、毛钲毅、何旭、胡悦、田博文、吴腾珂、周晓璇、向羽诗、Chris（外教） Thanks for our foreign teacher!Thanks all group member !Thanks all group member !