统考大学英语A-阅读理解题库

v1.0可编辑可修改v1.0可编辑可修改v1.0可编辑可修改阅读理解大学英语A1、Throughoutthecolonialperiodtherewasaremarkableshortageofwomen,whichvariedwiththeregionsandwasalwaysgreatestinthefrontierareas.Thisshortageenhancedwomen'sstatusandpositionandallowedthemtopursuedifferentcareers.Thepuritansregardedidlenessasasin,andbelievedthatlifeinanunderdevelopmentcountrymadeitnecessarythateachmemberofthecommunityperformedaneconomicfunction.Thusworkforwomenwasnotonlyapprovedbutalsowasregardedasacivicduty.Puritantowncouncilsexpectedwidowsandindependentwomentobeself-supporting.Therewasnosocialprohibitionagainstmarriedwomenworking;onthecontrary,wiveswereexpectedtohelptheirhusbandsintheirtradeandwonsocialapprovalfordoingextraworkinoroutofthehome.Thevastmajorityofwomenworkedwithintheirhomes,wheretheirlaborproducedmostarticlesneededforthefamily.Theentirecolonialproductionofclothandclothingandpartlythatofshoeswasinthehandsofwomen.Inadditiontotheseoccupations,womenwerefoundinmanydifferentkindsofemployment.Theywerebutchers,silversmithsandgunsmiths.Theyranmills,plantations,shipyards,andeverykindofshop.Theyweregatekeepers,jailkeepers,journalists,printers,nurses,andteachers.(1)、WhatdoesthepassagemainlydiscussA：Colonialmarriages.B：Thepuritanreligion.C：Colonialwomen'semployment.D：Educationinthecolonies. 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 ：C(2)、Accordingtothepassage,whereincolonialNorthAmericaweretherethefewestwomenA：Puritancommunities.B：Seaports.C：Frontiersettlements.D：Capitalcities.答案：C(3)、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthePuritanswere______.A：uneducatedB：hardworkingC：generousD：wealthy答案：B(4)、Accordingtothepassage,Puritansbelievedthatanunmarriedadultwomanshouldbe______.A：financiallyresponsibleforherselfB：returnedtoEnglandC：supportedbyherfamilyD：trainedtobeanurse答案：A(5)、Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthePuritansexpectfrommarriedwomenA：Theyshouldadoptneedychildren.B：Theyshouldassistintheirhusbands'tradeorbusiness.C：Theyshouldworkonlywithintheirownhomes.D：Theyshouldbeapprenticed.答案：B2、Halloween(October31)isaholidaywidelycelebratedwithdifferentnamesinmanycountries.Althoughitoriginatedasareligiousholiday,ithaslostitsreligiousconnectionsintheUnitedStates.Itisnowcelebratedlargelyasachildren'sday,andmanyAmericanchildrenlookforwardtoitfordaysandweeksbeforehand.Theorangepumpkinisharvestedatthistimeofyearandishollowedout,afunnyfacecutintoit,andacandleplacedinsideasdecorationsinthewindow.Cityfolks,nowadays,sometimesusepaperpumpkinsfordecorations.Someyearsago,theholidaywascelebratedbydressingupinstrangeandfrighteningcostumesandplayingtricksonone'sneighborsandfriends,suchasringingdoorbells,throwingbitsofcornonthewindowpanes,andinotherwaysmakingminordisturbances.Morerecently,childrencometothedoortohavefriendsandneighborsadmiretheircostumesandguesswhotheyarebehindthefalsefacesandreceivetreatsofcandy,fruitorcookies.Theysay,"TrickorTreat",meaning"Iwillplayatrickonyouifyoudonotgivemeatreat."Thispracticehasevenmorerecentlydevelopedintoasignificantinternationalactivity.Insteadoforalongwithcandy,thechildrencollectmoneyforUNICEF(UnitedNationsInternationalChildren'sEmergencyFund).Thisspecialcollectionofmoneybychildrenforneedychildrenthroughouttheworldisknownas"UNICEFTrickorTreat".Begunonlyrecently,itresultsinseveralmilliondollarseachyearcontributedtoUNICEF.Thecollectionboxisorange,reminiscentofthepumpkin.(1)、WhatdoesHalloweenoriginatefromA：Achildren'sday.B：Achildren'strick.C：Areligiousday.D：AUNICEFday.答案：C(2)、WhatisthesymbolofHalloweenA：PumpkinB：CandleC：CostumesD：Money答案：A(3)、TheholidaywascelebratedinthefollowingwayssomeyearsagoEXCEPT______.A：puttingonstrangeandfrighteningcostumesB：receivingtreatsofcandy,fruitorcookiesC：playingtricksonone'sneighborsandfriendsD：ringingdoorbells答案：B(4)、WhydochildrencollectmoneyintheHalloweenA：Theylovemoney.B：Theywanttogetenoughmoneytobuythemselvescandy.C：Theadultsarewillingtogivethemmoney.D：Theywanttohelpotherchildren.答案：D(5)、Thecollectionboxisdyedorangebecause______.A：childrenloveorangeB：orangestandsforhappinessC：orangeisthecolorofpumpkinsD：orangeislovedbyadults答案：C3、Humanneedsseemendless.Whenahungrymangetsameal,hebeginstothinkaboutanovercoat,whenamanagergetsanewsportscar,abighouseandpleasureboatsdanceintoview.Themanyneedsofmankindmightberegardedasmakingupseverallevels.Whenthereismoneyenoughtosatisfyonelevelofneeds,anotherlevelappears.Thefirstandmostbasiclevelofneedsinvolvesfood.Oncethislevelissatisfied,thesecondlevelofneeds,clothingandsomesortofshelter,appears.BytheendofWorldWarII,theseneedsweresatisfiedforagreatmajorityofAmericans.Thenathirdlevelappeared.Itincludedsuchitemsasautomobilesandnewhouses.By1957or1958thisthirdlevelofneedswasfairlywellsatisfied.Then,inthelate1950s,afourthlevelofneedsappeared:the"life-enriching"level.Whiletheotherlevelsinvolvephysicalsatisfaction,thatis,thefeeding,comfort,safety,andtransportation,thislevelstressesmentalneedsforrecognition,achievement,andhappiness.Itincludesavarietyofgoodsandservices,manyofwhichcouldbecalled"luxury"items.Amongthemarevacationtrips,thebestmedicalanddentalcare,andrecreation.Alsoincludedherearefancygoodsandthelateststylesinclothing.Onthefourthlevel,alotofmoneyisspentonservices,whileonthefirstthreelevelsmoreisspentongoods.Willconsumersraisetheirsightstoafifthlevelofneedsastheirincomeincreases,orwilltheycontinuetodemandluxuriesandpersonalservicesonthefourthlevelAfifthlevelwouldprobablyinvolveneedsthatcanbeachievedbestbycommunityaction.Consumersmaybespendingmoreontaxestopayforgovernmentactionagainstdisease,ignorance,crime,andprejudice.Afterfillingourstomachs,ourclothesclosets,ourgarages,ourteeth,andourminds,wenowmayseektoensurethehealth,safety,andleisuretoenjoymorefullythegoodthingsonthefirstfourlevels.(1)、Accordingtothepassage,manwillbegintothinkaboutsuchneedsashousingandclothingonlywhen______.A：hehasgrowndissatisfiedwithhissimpleshelterB：hehassavedupenoughmoneyC：hehassatisfiedhishungerD：hehaslearnedtobuildhouses答案：C(2)、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbytheendofWorldWarII,mostAmericans______.A：livedinpovertyB：wereveryrichC：hadthegoodthingsonthefirstthreelevelsD：didnotownautomobiles答案：D(3)、WhichofthefollowingisNOTrelatedto"physicalsatisfaction"A：Asuccessfulcareer.B：Acomfortablehome.C：Agoodmeal.D：Afamilycar.答案：A(4)、WhatisthemainconcernofmanonthefourthlevelA：Themoregoodsthebetter.B：Themore"luxury"itemsthebetter.C：Themorementalsatisfactionthebetter.D：Themoreearningsthebetter.答案：C(5)、Theauthortendstothinkthatthefifthlevel______.A：wouldbelittlebetterthanthefourthlevelB：maybealotmoredesirablethanthefirstfourC：canbethelastlevelD：willbecomeattainablebeforethegovernmenttakesactions答案：B4、Thoughsomepeoplehavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkinordertoleavemorejobsformen,theideahasbeenrejectedbybothwomenandmeninpublicopinionpolls.Latelysomeunionofficialshavesuggestedthattoomanywomenareemployedintypeofworkmoresuitableformenandthatwomenshouldstepasidetomakewayforunemployedyoungmen.Theyarguethatwomen-especiallywomenintheirchildbearingyearsactuallydelayeconomicdevelopmentandresultinlowerproductivity,poorqualityandinefficiency.Tosolvetheproblem,theyhavesuggestedthattheworkingwomenstayathomewhiletheirhusbandsorbrothersweregivendoublewages.Theyarguethatunderthesecircumstances,familieswouldretaintheirsamelevelofincome,andwomencouldrunthehouseandraisechildrenmuchbetter.Thesuggestionhasbeenrejectedby9outof10peoplepolled.Ahundredpersonsinabigcitywerequestionedlastsummer.Outof50women,46saidtheywereunwillingtoleavetheirjobs,nomatterwhatthesituationwas.Theother4saidtheywouldliketoreturnhomeiftheirjobscouldbetakenbytheirsonsordaughters.Of50menpolled,only6saidtheywouldliketoseetheirwivesgiveuptheirjobs,ifitmeanthigherwagesforthemselves.Someotherpeoplehavesuggestedanotherwaycalled"phasedemploymenttheory".Thetheorysuggeststhatawomanworkertakeleavefromherjobwhensheissevenmonthspregnantandstayoffthejobuntilherbabyreachestheageof3.Itsuggeststhatwomenonleavereceive75percentoftheirnormalsalaryandbeallowedtoreturntoworkafterthe3-yearperiod.Thiswillbenefitchildren,women,theirfamiliesandthesociety.Someofthosepolled,bothwomenandmen,felttheideaisagoodone.Itdefinitelyseemstobemoreacceptablethanthesuggestionthatwomenreturntohomeforever.(1)、Someunionofficialshavesuggestedthatwomenshouldreturnhomebecause______.A：allofthemareemployedinunsuitabletypesofworkB：theirparticipationinworkhasabadinfluenceontheeconomicdevelopmentC：mostskilledmaleworkersarenowunemployedD：nowadaysnoonecantakecareofchildrenexceptwomen答案：B(2)、Someunionofficialshavesuggestedthatifwomenresigntheirjobs,______.A：theyshouldbeallowedtoattendschooltobetrainedB：theirjobsshouldbetakenoverbythemalemembersoftheirfamiliesC：themaleemployeesintheirfamiliesshouldreceivedoublewagesD：theirchildrenshouldalsoleavetheirkindergartens答案：C(3)、Accordingtothepassage,thesuggestionthatwomenshouldreturntohouseworkwas______.A：opposedbymostmenandwomenB：welcomedbymenonlyC：welcomedbywomenonlyD：welcomedbymenandwomen答案：A(4)、Accordingtothepassagewecansee"phasedemployment"means______.A：twoormorewomensharethesamejobB：womenstayathomeonweekdaysandgotoworkonweekendsorholidaysC：awomanshouldresignherjobforeverifshehasachildD：womenareallowedtotakeleavefromtheirjobsduringtheirchildbearingyears答案：D(5)、Basedonthe"phasedemployment"theory,duringawoman'sleavefromherjob______.A：herworkshouldbedonebyherhusbandorbrothersB：herfamily'sincomelevelwillbealittlelowerthanitnormallyisC：herfamilycanstillkeepthesamelevelofincomeD：eitherherhusbandorherbrotherswillbegivendoublewages答案：B5、Manystudieshaveidentifiedastronglinkbetweensuicideanddiagnosablementalillness,especiallydepression.So,becausewomensufferfromdepressionatamuchhigherratethanmen,theywouldseemtobeathigherriskforsuicide.Yet,womenactuallycommitsuicideaboutone-fourthasoftenasmen.GeorgeE.Murphy,professorofpsychiatryatWashingtonuniversityschoolofMedicineinSt.Louis,saysthatfemalesmaybeprotectedbecauseofthewaytheythinkaboutproblemsandinteractwithothers."Womenprocesstheirexperiencewithfriends.Theydiscusstheirfeelings,seekfeedback,andtakeadvice.Theyaremuchmorelikelytotellaphysicianhowtheyfeelandcooperateintheprescribedtreatment.Asaresult,womengetbettertreatmentfortheirdepression."Thattreatmentmayhelpprotectthemfromsuicide,butMurphysuggeststhereismoretoit.Theapproachtoproblem-solvingiswhatoftenlandsawomaninapsychiatrist'sofficeinthefirstplace,andthatapproachmaybekeepingfemalesuiciderateslower.Murphybelieveswomenarelessinclinedtocommitsuicidebecausetheirthinkingismoreinclusive.Whileamanmighttendtothrowasideseeminglyperipheral（非本质的，边缘的）issuestogettothecoreofaproblem,awomanmighttakemorethingsintoaccount.Shemaycontinuetoseekinputandprocessproblemslongafterthepointwheremendecideonacourseofaction."She'llconsidernotjustherfeelings,butalsothefeelingsofothers-herfamily,thechildren,evenacquaintances-andhowthesepeoplewillbeaffectedbyadecisionlikesuicide.Amanismuchlesslikelytotakethosethingsintoaccount.Hemakeshisdecision,andit'sabouthim,sohedoesnotfeeltheneedtoshareitwithanyoneelse."(1)、WhatisthepassagemainlyaboutA：Therelationshipbetweendepressionandsuicide.B：Women'shigherrateofdepressionthanman.C：Reasonsforwomen'slowerriskofcommittingsuicide.D：Thetreatmentofmentalillnessessuchasdepression.答案：C(2)、Femalesgetbettertreatmentfortheirdepressionperhapsbecause______.A：theyaremoreconcernedabouttheirhealthB：theyhavemoreexperienceindealingwithdepressionC：theymaydiscusstheirfeelingswithadoctorandbecooperativeD：theyaremoreafraidofsuicide答案：C(3)、Theword"inclusive"inparagraph4probablymeans______.A：comprehensiveB：liberalC：open-mindedD：firm-minded答案：A(4)、Itisimpliedthatamancanreducehischanceofcommittingsuicideifhe______.A：goesstraighttothecoreofaproblemB：doesnotallowhimselftobeinfluencedbyhisacquaintancesC：consultsapsychiatristregularlyD：changesthewayhethinksaboutproblemsandinteractwithothers答案：D(5)、Whenamansuffersfromdepression,itistypicalofhimto______.A：processhisfeelingsandseekadviceB：considerjusthisfeelingswhenhemakesadecisionC：throwasideobviouslyimportantissuesD：actinahostilemannertowardsapsychiatrist.答案：B6、Hereisonewoman'sstoryofbalancinghomeandcareer.Rachelalwaysdreamedofhavingalargefamilyandaninterestingcareer.Shenowhasfourchildrenandworksfull-time."Ireallyhavetwofull-timejobs.MyjobinthecityisininvestmentbankingandIreallylikeit.It'sinterestingandimportant.Myotherjobisathome----raisingfourkidsandkeepingthehouseholdgoing.Ilikethisjobtoo,andthoughit'snotalwaysinteresting,Iknowit'simportant.ButwhenI'mnotcleaningupthekitchenafterameal,orpickingupthekids'thingsfromthefloorforthemillionthtime,orfeedingthedog,thenI'mfallingasleepduringmyyoungestdaughter'spianopractice.WhenIdohavesomefreetime,I'veusuallygotaheadache.Therealityisthat,mostofthetime,it'sjusttoomuch."Rachelhasroleoverload.Thatis,shehasdifficultycombiningtherolesofworkerandofwifeandmother.Roleoverloadisoneofthedisadvantagesthattoday'swomenface.Whilebothparentsaremore"stretched"whenthewomanofthehouseholdworks,itisusuallythewomanwhodoesmostofthechildcareandhousework.Moststudiesinvestigatinghouseworkconcludethatwomen(whetheremployedornot)do"thelion'sshare"ofthehouseworkandchildcare.AnAustralianstudy,forexample,foundthatemployedwivesdidhoursofunpaidworkaroundthehouseduringatwo-weekperiodwhileemployedhusbandsdidapproximatelyhours.AstudybyBirdshowsasimilarpicturefor.households.Inthisstudyof1,256adults,Birdshowedthatwhileworkingwomencertainlywantanequalshareofhousework,they"shoulderthemainburden"bydoingapproximatelytwiceasmuchastheirspouses.Herstudyshowedthataftermarriage,womengain14hoursofhouseholdchoresperweek,whiletheirhusbandsgainonly90minutes.(1)、WhatcanwelearnaboutRachelfrom"Ireallyhavetwofull-timejobs"A：Sheworksfortwodifferentcompanies.B：Sheisbothabankclerkandahousekeeper.C：Sheisawifeandmotherwithafull-timejob.D：Shehastokeeptwojobstoraisethechildren.答案：C(2)、WecaninferfromRachel'sownwordsthat______.A：shealwaysfindsbothjobsinterestingandimportantB：sheisabletodealwithbothjobswithoutanydifficultyC：shecannotfindenjoymentfromtheendlessdailytasksD：shefeelsstressfromthecombinedrolesofworkerandofwifeandmother答案：D(3)、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistheconsequenceofwomen'sroleoverloadA：Theyhavedifficultybalancinghomeandcareer.B：Theyaskthehusbandtocontributemoretochildcareandhousework.C：Theyhavetotakeupmorethanonejobtosupportthefamily.D：Theyalwayscomplainabouthavingtoomuchworkathand.答案：A(4)、Thebestexplanationof"thelion'sshare"inthelastparagraphis______.A：thelargestpartB：theunpaidjobC：anequalshareD：thewomen'sjob答案：A(5)、ThemainpurposeforthewritertociteBird'sstudyis______.A：toexplainmorewomendounpaidjobsthanmendoB：toshowcareerwomentakeupmorehouseworkthantheirhusbandC：todemonstratewhywomenwanttheirhusbandtodoequalshareofhouseworkD：toshowthatbothparentsaremore"stretched"whenthewomanworks答案：B7、ThejudgmentoftheEnglishmanbyallotherEuropeanpeoplesisthatheisthemostsuspicious,themostreserved,themostunfriendly,thecoldest-heartedofallwesternpeoples.AskaFrenchman,anItalian,aGerman,aSpaniard,evenanAmerican,whathethinksaboutEnglishmen;andeveryoneofthemwilltellyoutheverysamething.ThisispreciselywhatthecharacterofmenwouldbecomewhohadlivedforthousandsofyearsintheconditionsofnorthernEuropeanland.But,ontheotherhand,youwouldfindthatallnationswouldspeakhighlyofcertainotherEnglishqualities-energy,courage,honour,justice.Theywouldsaythat,althoughnomanissodifficulttomakefriendswith,thefriendshipofanEnglishmanoncegainedisstrongerandtruerthananyother.Andasthebattleoflifestillcontinues,andmustcontinueforthousandsofyearstocome,itmustbeacknowledgedthattheEnglishcharacterisespeciallywellsuitableforthestruggle.Itsreserves,itscautions,itsdoubts,itssuspicions-thesehavebeenforitinthepast,andarestillinthepresent.Itisnotalovablenoramiablecharacter;itisnotevenkindly.TheEnglishmanofthebesttypeismuchmoreinclined（倾向于）tojusticethanheistobekind,forkindnessisanemotionalimpulse,andtheEnglishmandoesn'tlikeeverykindofemotionalimpulse.Butwithallthis,thecharacterisagreatone,anditssuccesshasbeenthebestproofofitsvalue.(1)、TheEnglishmanischaracterizedas______.A：suspiciousandopen-mindedB：reservedandfriendlyC：suspiciousandwarm-heartedD：cold-heartedandunfriendly答案：D(2)、Accordingtotheauthor,themainfactorwhichhasshapedtheEnglishcharacterisa______one.A：geographicalB：economicalC：psychologicalD：political答案：A(3)、CertainotherEnglishqualitiessuchascourage,energy,andhonorare______.A：ignoredbyEuropeansB：praisedbyEuropeansC：ignoredbythemselvesD：praisedbythemselves答案：B(4)、Itseemsthatitismostdifficultto______anEnglishman.A：speakhighlyofB：takecareofC：makefriendswithD：fightagainst答案：C(5)、TheEnglishmanprefers______to______.A：beingonguard,emotionalimpulseB：justice,kindnessC：value,successD：beingtrue,friendship答案：B8、Thepurposeofthispartofthebookistohelpyoubecomemoreefficientinreadingbyspeedinguptheprocessgenerally.Mostpeoplecanlearntocovermaterialmuchfasterthantheydonowwhilemaintainingahighlevelofcomprehension.Improvementinreadingefficiencyhasseveralmajorbenefits.Weneedreadingskillstobenefitfromthewealthofinformationthatisnowavailableinprintedform.Mostpeoplegettheroughoutlinesoftheirdailynewsfromtelevisionandradio.However,theprintedwordstillprovidesthein-depthcoverageoftopicsthatreallyproduceswell-informedpeople.Readingisalsoagreatsourceofentertainmentformanypeople.Forstudents,itistheprimarymethodofstudying.Thetimeyounowspendreadingcanbemademuchmoreproductivebyincreasingyourreadingrate.Forsomepeoplethiswillmeanthattheycanobtainmoreinformationinthesamelengthoftime.Forothersitwillmeanthattimenowdevotedtoreadingcanbeusedinothermoreinterestingandprofitableways.Todeterminehowfastyouarereading,youfirsthavetogetsomeideaofthenumberofwordsinagivenpassage.Thenyousimplydividethenumberofwordsbythenumberofminutesittakestoread.Thatwillgiveyourrateinwordsperminute.(1)、Thepassageistakenfrom.A：astorybookB：anewsreportC：areportonascientificresearchD：abookonreading答案：D(2)、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTabenefitfromreadingaccordingtothepassageA：Readingwillhelpreadersgetmoreinformation.B：Byreadingreaderswillhaveanin-depthcoverageofdailynews.C：Studentsmustreadsothattheycanmasterknowledge.D：Improvementofreadinghelpsreadersgetoutlinesofdailynews.答案：D(3)、Thispassagemainlydiscusses.A：differentkindsofreadingB：theimportanceofimprovingreadingskillsandhowtocalculatereadingrateC：readingasasourceofentertainmentD：differentwaystoimprovereadingspeed答案：B(4)、"readingefficiency"inParagraph2means.A：theaveragereadingrateB：theabilityofreadingfastwithagoodunderstandingC：readingmaterialsreaderslikeD：readinghabits答案：B(5)、Readingspeedcanbecalculatedby.A：countinghowmanywordsareaderhasreadB：dividingthetotalnumberofwordsareaderreadbythetimehespendsonreadingC：timinghowmanyminutesareaderhasreadD：askinghelpfromtheteacher答案：B9、Anineteenth-centuryFrenchdramatistremarkedthattheonlydifferencebetweenanimalsandhumanbeingsisthatpeopledrinkwhentheyarenotthirstyandmakeloveinanyseason.Thesociologist'sdefinitionofthedifferenceismorescientific:onlyhumanbeingshavetheabilityforcreatingandtransmittingculture.Morethananyotherspecies,humananimalsareabletosurpasstheirbiologicallimitationsbysharingideasandpassingonwhattheylearntofuturegenerations.Allanimals,includinghumanbeings,havecertainproblemsincommon.Inordertosurviveasspecies,theymustfindahome,getfoodandprovidefortheiryoung.Animalsareguidedbyinstinctsthatenablethemtocopewiththeseproblemsofexistence.Theirresponsestotheirenvironmentisafixedpredictablemanner:beaversbuilddamsashomes,lionshuntforantelopesforfood,andbirdsbuildneststoprotecttheiryoung.Shouldthesesolutionsturnouttobeinadequate,animalsforthemostpartwillstillgoonmakingthesameresponsestothesameproblems.Itistruethatmuchofthebehaviorofhigheranimalsislearnedthroughdirectexperience.Aseveryoneknows,dogscanbetaughttoovercometheirinstinctivedislikeofcats,andparrotsoftenlearnnewcalls.Insomecasesanimalshavealsobeenknowntoteachtheiroffspringwhattheythemselveshavelearned.Nevertheless,humanbeingsareuniqueintheirfargreaterabilitytolearnfromexperiences,tocreatenewsolutionstooldprobl