春季预防小儿传染病小妙招

春季预防小儿传染病小妙招 让玩具成为“二传手” 春季到来，气候开始逐渐回暖。多种小儿传染性疾病趁机蠢蠢欲动，如百日咳、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、流行性感冒等。在梳理这类疾病的预防措施时，一个小细节不可忽视，那就是不少小儿传染性疾病容易在幼儿园、托儿所等儿童聚集的公共场所通过玩具传播。因此，建议这些场所要做好晨检，发现可疑病儿应及时送医院治疗，并做好隔离工作。家长平日也要督促孩子保持良好的个人卫生习惯。 谁“助燃”了传染病毒 1、繁殖因素 早春季节虽然气温转升，但气温冷热不定，湿度较大。同时，这个季节也是各种细菌和病毒活动繁殖最旺盛的时期。儿童大多数都在室内活动，而一般家庭儿童的房间门窗关闭时间较长，空气不流通，温度偏高，这给存在于空气中的细菌、病毒等病原体的生长繁殖创造了一定的有利条件。 2、冷暖交替 当从温暖的室内外出时，骤然吸入大量冷空气，冷空气刺激呼吸道粘膜，使局部毛细血管收缩，血流量减少。呼吸道的免疫球蛋白吞噬细胞的功能和粘膜上皮的纤毛运动会减弱，净化和防御机能因此会随之降低。这时，潜伏在呼吸道内的各种病菌便会乘虚而入，引发疾病。 3、人群流动 初春时节的假日旅游增加了人群聚集的机会，病人或带菌(病毒)者在咳嗽或打喷嚏时，播散出大量的病菌和病毒，这对孩子们十分有害。 此外，有些能引起呼吸道感染的病原，如流感、腮腺炎、白喉等亦可通过食具、用具、玩具等接触传播，而这也给疾病的广泛传播创造了适宜的条件。比如，孩子如果接触了被水痘病毒污染的玩具、被褥、毛巾等幼儿园的公用物品，容易被传染。而流行性感冒也可能通过飞沫“隐匿”在儿童公用玩具中。因此，在预防时千万不可大意。 不可不知的6大措施 1、净化环境 定时开窗通风，保持空气流通;让阳光射进室内，因为阳光中的紫外线具有杀菌作用;也可用食醋熏蒸房间，给居室环境消毒。 2、补充营养 多补充鱼、肉、蛋、奶等营养价值较高的食物，增强机体免疫功能。多吃富含维生素C的新鲜蔬菜水果，可中和体内毒素，提高抗病能力。 3、生活规律 充足睡眠能消除疲劳，调节人体各种机能，增强免疫力。 4、个人防护 提醒孩子养成勤洗手、勤漱口的习惯。尽量少到拥挤的场所。 5、免疫预防 流行季节前可到防疫站或正规医院进行相应的预防接种，如流感、肺炎、麻疹、流脑等疫苗。 6、及早就医 当孩子出现发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难、气短等一种或多种呼吸道症状时，应及时带他们到医院就诊。 Spring to prevent infectious disease small coup Make toys become "setter" the arrival of spring, the climategradually began to pick up. A variety of pediatric infectious diseases to ready to, such as whooping cough, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, influenza. In reviewing this kind ofdisease prevention measures, a small details can ,that is a lot of pediatric infectious diseases in nurseries and kindergartens, children gathered in public places by toypropagation. Therefore, suggested that these places to domorning check suspicious children, should be promptly sent to hospital for treatment, and good isolation work. Parents shouldsupervise their children maintain good personal hygiene. Who"combustion" infectious virus 1, reproductive factors of early spring season although the temperature to rise, but the temperature of hot and cold indefinite, humidity. At the same time,the season is a variety of bacteria and viruses reproduce most vigorous activity. Most of the children are in the indoor activities,and the general family children room doors and windows closed a , poor ventilation, the temperature is high, the growth and reproduction of bacteria, viruses and other pathogens whichexisting in the air to create favourable conditions for certain. 2,alternating cold and warm when out from the warm, suddeninhalation of cold air, cold air to stimulate the respiratory tractmucous membrane, make local capillary contraction, reduced blood flow. Ciliary movement immunoglobulin respiratoryphagocytic function and epithelial will weaken, purification and defense skill will therefore decrease. Then, the latent various bacteria in the respiratory tract will take advantage of a weak point, cause disease. 3, the crowd flow spring holiday tourismincreased crowds gathered for the opportunity, the patient or carrier (virus) in coughing or sneezing, spread out in a large number of bacteria and viruses, which is harmful for addition, some can cause respiratory tract infections, such asinfluenza, mumps, contact diphtheria or by eating utensils,appliances, toys, but this also gives the spread of disease to create suitable conditions. For example, if the child contact ispublic goods toys, bedding, towels and other varicella viruspollution kindergarten, likely to be infectious. While the flu may also through droplet "hidden" in the children's toys in public.Therefore, in the prevention of time never carelessness. 6 measures can not know 1, purify the environment of regular window ventilation, keep the air circulation; let the sunshine into the room, because the's ultraviolet bactericidal effect; can also be used for disinfection of vinegar fumigation room, living room environment. 2, supplement nutrition supplement more fish,meat, eggs, milk, a higher nutritional value of food, enhance the immune function of organism. Eat foods rich in vitamin C, fresh fruits and vegetables, can neutralize the toxin in the body, improve resistance to disease. 3, the law of life enough sleep can eliminate fatigue, regulate body functions, enhance immunity. 4, personal protective remind children to develop the habit of washing hands,wash gargle. As little as possible to crowded places. 5, the immune prevention before epidemic season to the epidemic prevention station or the hospital for regular preventiveinoculation, such as influenza, pneumonia, measles, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccine. 6, early treatment when the child has fever, cough, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath and so on one or more respiratory symptoms, should be timely to take them to the hospital.