乳房和会阴

Mammaandperineum乳房和会阴Ⅰ.Mamma乳房Themammaispresentinbothmaleandfemale.Howeverthemammaofmaledoesnotdevelop.Sowejusttalkaboutthemammaoffemale.Themammaryglandsbegintodevelopandgrowrapidlyatpuberty.Duringpregnancyandlactation,theyaredevelopingandsecretingmilktonourishnewbornbaby.(1)ThelocationandfeaturesofmammaAreolargland乳晕腺mammaAreolaofbreast乳晕nipple乳头(2)ThestructureofmammaThemammaiscomposedofskin,subcutaneousfat,connectivetissueandmammarygland.nippleAreolaofbreastSkinofmammaadiposetissueofbreastLobuleofmammaryglandLactiferousductLactiferoussinusAreolargland乳头乳晕乳晕腺乳腺小叶输乳管输乳管窦乳房脂肪体乳房皮肤nippleSagittalsectionoffemalemammaadiposetissueofbreastLobuleofmammaryglandLactiferousductLactiferoussinusPectoralismajorintercostalesOrificeofLactiferousductSuspensorylig.ofbreastFasciaofPectoralismajor胸大肌胸大肌筋膜乳腺小叶输乳管输乳管窦乳头孔乳头乳房脂肪体乳房悬韧带Ⅱ.Perineum会阴1.TheconceptionofperineumTheperineumhasbroadandnarrowsensesofperineum.Thebroadsenseofperineummeanstheallsofttissuesthatclosetheinferiororificeofthepelvis.Theperineuminanatomyisthebroadsenseofperineum.Thenarrowsenseofperineummeansthesofttissuestructurebetweentheexternalgenitalorgansoffemaleandanus,itisalsocalledobstetricalperineum(产科会阴).2.Thepartsofperineum(1)Urogenitaltriangle(2)AnaltriangleUrogenitaltriangleAnaltriangleIschialtuberosityBroadsenseofperineumUrogenitaltriangleAnaltriangleIschialtuberosityBroadsenseofperineumUrogenitaltriangleAnaltriangleIschialtuberosityBroadsenseofperineum尿生殖三角肛三角坐骨节结广义会阴VaginalvestibuleOrificeofvaginaanusLesserlipofpudendumOrificeofurethraclitorisNarrowsenseofperineum(obstetricalperineum)Narrowsenseofperineum产科会阴阴道口肛门狭义会阴(产科会阴)ischiocavernosusLevatoraniSphincteraniexternusGluteusmaximusSuperficialtransversem.ofperineumanusbulbocavernosusIschialtuberosityPerinealcentraltendondeeptransversem.ofperineumIschioanalfossa坐骨海绵体肌肛提肌肛门外括约肌臀大肌会阴浅横肌肛门球骨海绵体肌会阴深横肌坐骨结节会阴中心腱ischiocavernosusLevatoraniSphincteraniexternusGluteusmaximusSuperficialtransversem.ofperineumanusIschialtuberosityPerinealcentraltendonInferiorfasciaofurogenitaldiaphragmIschioanalfossaSphincterofvaginaBulbofvestibuleischiocavernosusLevatoraniSphincteraniexternusGluteusmaximusSuperficialtransversem.ofperineumanusIschialtuberosityPerinealcentraltendonInferiorfasciaofurogenitaldiaphragmIschioanalfossaBulbofvestibuleVaginalvestibuleOrificeofvaginahymenLesserlipofpudentumOrificeofurethraGreatervestibularglandHeadofclitorisBulbofvestibuleOrificeofgreatervestibulargland阴道口尿道口坐骨结节坐骨海绵体肌阴道括约肌会阴浅横肌肛提肌臀大肌肛门外括约肌肛门LevatoraniSuperiorfasciaofpelvicdiaphragmIschioanal(ischiorectal)fossarectuminferiorfasciaofpelvicdiaphragmAnalcanalObturatorinternusInternalpudendalarteryandveinSphincteraniexternus肛提肌盆膈上筋膜盆膈下筋膜坐骨肛门窝闭孔内肌直肠肛门外括约肌阴部管阴部内动静脉LevatoraniSuperiorfasciaofpelvicdiaphragmrectumUrethraofmaleObturatorinternuscoccygeuspiriformishiatusofpelvicdiaphragm肛提肌尾骨肌梨状肌闭孔内肌直肠肛提肌腱弓盆膈上筋膜男尿道盆膈裂孔DeeptransversemuscleofperineumpelvicdiaphragmIschioanalfossaSuperiorfasciaofurogenitaldiaphragmSuperficialfasciaofperineumObturatorinternusinferiorfasciaofurogenitaldiaphragmUrinarybladderUrethraBulbofurethra肛提肌盆膈下筋膜盆膈上筋膜尿生殖膈下筋膜尿生殖膈上筋膜会阴深横肌坐骨肛门窝尿道球会阴浅隙浅会阴筋膜vaginaOrificeofvaginaLevatoraniDeeptransversemuscleofperineumSuperiorfasciaofpelvicdiaphragmIschioanal(ischiorectal)fossaSuperiorfasciaofurogenitaldiaphragmSuperficialfasciaofperineumurerus阴道尿生殖膈上筋膜会阴深横肌尿生殖膈下筋膜坐骨肛门窝前庭球浅会阴筋膜会阴浅隙阴道口阴道前庭Thepelvicdiaphragm(盆膈)isformedbythelevatorani,coccygeustogetherwiththesuperiorandinferiorfasciaeofpelvicdiaphragm.Theischioanal(ischiorectal)fossa(坐骨肛门窝)islocatedbetweenanusandischialtuberosity.Thelateralwallofthefossaisformedbyobturatorinternusandthefasciaofobturator,themedialwallisformedbythelevatoraniandinferiorfasciaofpelvicdiaphragm.Theanteriorboundaryofthefossaistheposteriorborderofurogenitaldiaphragm,theposteriorboundaryistheinferiorborderofgluteusmaximus.Theurogenitaldiaphragm(尿生殖膈)isformedbythedeeptransversemuscleofperineum,sphincterofurethratogetherwiththesuperiorandinferiorfasciaeoftheurogenitaldiaphragm.