“熬夜族”如何保养你的肝

“熬夜族”如何保养你的肝 旅游文本材料英译策略研究 外国语言学及应用语言学 研究生李一楠指导教师张基佩 中国是一个拥有悠久历史的东方古国，五千年的历史孕育了其丰富 灿烂的旅游资源及文化，吸引着全世界的目光。旅游文本材料作为一种 对外宣传推介工具，向世界介绍中国的壮丽河山以及名胜古迹，对推动 我国旅游事业的发展具有重要作用。 鉴于大部分对外景介宣传资料都是由汉语译为英语，由此翻译的质 量在推介我国旅游资源，吸引国外游客，树立我国对外形象上有着至关 重要的影响。目前，旅游文本材料的翻译质量仍不尽如人意，需要给予 更多的关注与研究。尽管己有部分学者涉足这个领域并已取得了一定的 成绩，但是研究还不够系统和全面。 本文尝试就此专 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 进行较为全面的研究，探索这一领域最适合的翻 译方法及策略。本文首先介绍了旅游文本材料的概况，接着从语内以及 语外两个方面对其翻译进行了较为全面的研究，最后结合文本类型理论 和功能派目的理论提出了适合旅游文本翻译的特别策略。需要指出的是， 本文涉及的所有翻译方法与策略均是针对旅游文本的自身特点而提出， 以期为其汉英翻译实践提供一定的指导。 本文除引 一 言和结论以外，包括四个部分。 引言扼要地介绍了本文的主题，研究现状，基本思路，和章节构成。 第一章概括介绍了我国旅游业的现状，以及旅游文本材料的翻译目 的，基本功能和语言特征等，为随后的深入研究提供参考。 第二章从语内因素出发，从词、句、段落三个方面针对旅游文本材 究，提出建议策略，以期能从最基本的语言层面上提高 翻译的准确度与可读性。 第三章进一步探讨语外因素，主要集中在语言 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达风格与文化特征 两方面。希望能在提高语言准确度之后，再次提高译本的美感与可读性， 为游客提供地道的英文景介，传播中国文化。 第四章特别针对旅游文本材料的自身特点，将其文本类型与文本类 型理论，翻译目的与功能派目的论各自结合起来，提出为旅游文本翻译 特别制定的翻译策略，借此提高翻译质量，达到吸引海外游客的目的。 结语部分对全文进行了回顾和总结，对此领域译者的基本素质提出 了要求，并再次指出本文的学术价值和实际意义。 关键词:旅游文本汉英翻译语内因素语外因素翻译策略 onC一ETranslationofTouristwritings China，agreateounrtywithahistoryofovers，000years，boastsits sPlendideultureandbaundnattouristresourees.Chinesetouristwritings (heerinatferreefrredtoas“CTW，，)，asaPrineiPalmenasofPromoting to诚sm，infiodueethenaturalwondersnadhistoriealreliestooversearfiends nadeastanirresistibleehannonthem. BecausemostofthetouristwritingsaretranslatedrfomChineseinsteda ofbeingdireetlywritteninEnglish，thequalityoftrnaslation15eureialto Promotetourismnadattraetoverseavisitors.Howeve，rhteactualiytofCTW trnaslation15notoPtimistienadPressesofrimmediateimProvement. Howeve，ratPersentefwtrnaslatorshvaedonesomeresearehonhtistoPie， suehreseareh15stillarfrfombeingsuffieientnadsystematie. Thisthesis15desingedtoProvideaeomPrehensivestudyinthisfieldnad exPloerProPertrnaslationsrtategies.St叭ingwihtabriefintroductionto tourismandtourist叭厅itings，thethesisanalyzeshteCTWrtnaslation ersPeetivelyrfomintralinguistienadextralinguistieaspeets，nadPorPoses hrteertanslationstrategiesesPeeiallydesignedofrCTWwihttexttPyology nadskoPostheoyrpaPlied.TobesPeeifie，alltheProPosedtrnaslation srtategiesarebasedonhteeharaeteristiesofCTW. Thisthesiseonsistsofofurehpatersbesidesintroduetionnadeonelusion. Inrtoduetionbrieflyoutlineshtethemeandhtebasicstructureofthis thesis. Chpater1exmaineshtebasie恤owledgebaoutCTW，ineludingits elassifieation，ufnetionsnadlnaguageefatures，whiehsevreasaeruqisiet PreParationofrsubsequentdiseussion. Chpater2takesnainrtalinguistiestud，ynaalyzingCTWtrnaslationorfm nadeontextuallevelinodrerotimProvetheaeeuracynad erdabailiytofCTWtrnaslation. Chpater3givesaufhrterexPloartiononextarlinguisticasPeetmainly ineludinglnaguagesytlenadeulturalelemenis.Thediseussionsertsseshtat hteCTWtext15tobertnaslatedinvaforoftargetofreignredaers，bymenas ofelegnatexPressiontodemonstratehteuniqueeulturaleharacteristies. Chpater4ofeusesontheehaacrteristiesofCTW，andPorPosesthree rtnaslationsrtategiesesPeeiallydesignedofrCTWwihthtehelPoftext ytPologynadskoPoshteoyr.PorhibitionofChinglish，reade-rorienied paPoraehnadmaniPulationofhtesoureetext，thesethreestrategiesallaimat asmoothereommunieationofCTWtranslation. Conelusionsumnrarizesthewholethesis，PorvidessuggestionsotCTW trnaslator，nadPoinisoutthePractiealvalueofthisthesis. KeyWords:Chinesetouristwritings Intralinguistiestu勿 Trnaslationstrategies C一Etrnaslation Extralinguistiesut勿 Contents IntordUctio.n…”.…“.”.”.…”二”.”…”.”.”.…”.”.…“二”.”.“.”.”.””“.”“““:.”二”.1 ChaPter1OTurismandOTuristWritingsinChina...........................……4 1 . 11burismInChina............……，.…，.....……，.…，...……，……，................……4 1.1.1TouristDeveloPmentinChinaatferl949..........................……5 1 . 1 . 2TourismCultureniChina..…，.............................................……6 1.2TouristWrltings.......................……，..............................................……7 1 . 2，1Definition，Puprose，ReceivernadClassifieation.，......……，，.，…7 1.2.2FunctionsofCTWTrnas1ation.....................................……，..…9 1.2.3LnaguageFeaturesofCTWTrnaslation...........................……10 1.3CurreniStatus0fCTWTrnaslation............................................……12 ChaPetr2AnIntralinguistieStudyonCTWTranslation..............……15 2.1StatisticsofMisrtnaslations...……，..............................................……15 2 . 2LexiCalLevel..............................................................................……17 2 . .21CoerrctSpelling................................................................……17 2 . 2.2AccuaretExperssion.........................................................……18 2.2.3DynmaciV叭〕rdsSuggested...............................................……21 .23SyntacticLevel...........................................................................……22 2，3.1CommentsonSyntactieDieffreneesbetweenChinesenad English.............................................……，...................................……23 2.3.2SyniactciRegu1atoin.........................................................……24 2 . 3 . 3PatetmsofExpressoin......................................................……26 2 . 4ContextualLevel，二，..…，二，二，.........................................................……28 2 . 4 . 1ConnectionsbetvveenSentences.......................................……28 2 . 4 . 2ReorgnaziatoinofParagrpah............................................……31 ChaPter3AnExtralinguisticStudyonCTWTranslation.............……36 3 . 1LnaguageStyel.„，....……，二，..…，....................................................……36 listieConflietsbetweenEnglishnadChinese.............……36 3.1.2SytelinChineseEPxressoins............................................……37 3 . 1 . 3Four.characterCollocationsinChinese.，..........................……39 3 . 1 . 4DieffrentAesthetieAPPealonSeenieDeseriPtion...........……40 3.2CulturalElements.，.....................................................................……42 3 . 2.1CutfuralCharacteristicsofCTW......................................……43 3 . 2 . 2CuhuralNeglect.......................................……，..................……44 3.2，3TrnaslatoinSrtategeisProp0sed........................................……46 ChaPter4PartieularConsiderationinCTWTranslation..............……55 4 . 1TheTextTypeofCTW...............................................................……55 4 . 1.1TextTyPoolgyAPPleidinCTWTrnaslatoin....................……55 4.1.2CommunicativeTranslationofrCTW..............................……57 4.2PuproseofCTWTranslation...........................……，.…，...............……58 .42，1Sk0posTheory...................................................……，........……59 4 . 2.2SkoPosTheoyrAPPliedinCTWTranslation...................……60 4.3StrategiesSPeeiallyDesignedofrCTWTranslation..................……61 4 . 3 . 1ProhibtiionofChingllsh...................................................……61 4 . 3.2Redaer一。rienetdApporach................................................……64 4.3.2.1Avoidnaceofl?echnlcalTen刀s................................……65 4 . 3 . 2.2AmPlifieationofBackgroundInofmration.............……66 4 . 3 . 3ManipulatoinoftheSoucreText......................................……68 4 . 3 . 3 . 1FaihtuflnessinCTWTrnaslation............................……68 4 . 3，3.2UnnecessaryInofmratoinDeleted..........................……70 4.3.3.3PoemsnadA11usi0nsDe1eted.................................……73 Conclusion..............................................................................................……78 Bibliogarphy...???.????.????????????.?...??...??...??...??..??……，..???..???.???.....................一81 四川大学硕士学位论文 Introduetion AnoverallstudyonC一EtrnaslationofChinesetouristwritings (hereinatferreeferrdtoas“CTWtrnaslation，，)desevresoureoffrt. OwingtotheerofmrandoPeningPolicynadhteriseofmultinational exehnagesnadeoproartions，tourism15PlayingnaineerasinglyimPortnatorle intodya，5ChinanadeoniributesmuehtoChina，economiegrowth.It15 exPeetedChinawillbehteworld?5largesttouristdestinationnadhteofurth majorsoucreoftouristsby2020.ThePhenomenalgrowthPosesauniuqeset ofehallengesaswellasgoldenoPPortunitiesofrthisnation. WithitsraPlddeveloPmeni，moreandmoreoverseasvisiotrsaer beeominginterestedinChina.TheydesiretoexPerieneeChinese long一stnadinghistoryanduniqueeulturethroughenjoyinghtebeautiufl lnadsepaenadattractiveeulurtalrelies.Touristwritingsaerjustwrittenofr thePuproseofintordueingChinesetouristresoureesnadattractvisitors. Howeve，rinstedaofbeingdireetlywritteninEnglish，mostofthetourist M厅itingsaretrnaslatedrfomChinese.ThusqualityofCTWtnarslation15of signifienaeeinPromotingChinesetourismbaroad. DieffrentlnaguageeonveniionandeultuarlrtdaitionbewteenEnglishnad ChinesemkaeCTWtrnaslationeomPlieated.ThoughCTWtrnaslation15 worthyofafvorableeommentsereentl，ythequalityofeurrentCTW tnarslationstillennaotsatisyftheneedofrpaidgrowthoftourismindustyr. ThePoorrtnaslationennaotattacrtoverseasvisitors:evenworseitwillleda toeommunieationobsurtetionnadeveniuallydamagehteintemationalimgae ofChina. Thereofre，naoverallnadin一dePhtstudyonthistoPiebeeomesanurgeni neeessity.ThisthesisintendstoexPlorehteProPertrnaslationsrtategiesofr CTWinetrl)15oftheeharaeteristiesofitso、vn. 四川大学硕士学位论文 NowhtatthetargetredaersofCTWrtnaslationaerofreignvisitors，it15 neeessarytoeatertohteneedofhtem.Firstl，yCTWtrnaslationmustimPorve itselfonaeeuraeyinexPressionthatrequirestobePerefetedrfomIexical， snytaetienadeontextuallevel.Thenhteeonsiderationoflnauggaesytlenad eulurtalelemenisenaehnnaceitsaestheticPaPealnadreadbaili.yt Besides，asadiseiPlinertnaslationstudiesaredividedinioPure theoretiealtrnaslationstudiesnadPaPliedtrnaslationstudies.CTW tarnslationbelongstothelatterone.APPliedtrnaslationstudiesofeuson muehPraetieenadCTWtrnaslationlikewise.It15oneofthemost rePersentativetrnaslationactivitiesthateorssesvariousfieldsineluding lnaguage，soeiety，eulture，Psyeholog，yete.nadinvolvesacftosreovering eeonomies，Polities，edueation，religionnadarts.CTWtrnaslationacutally15 aPraetiee一basedactivitybutitalsoneedstheoretiealguidanee.肠ul，ytheories areconeludedrfomPacrtieewhiledireetingPractieeathtesmaetime.Sinee mostofthertnaslationhteoriesareeonrtibutedtoliterarytnarslationoraimat E一Crtnaslation，littlesystematieacademieresearehhasbeenaddressedto trnaslationstudiesoftourismineithertrallslationdomainorintourism industyr.Sharingcertaincharaeteristiesofliterarytranslation，C一Ertnaslation ofCTWhasitsownPeeuliaritiesthatdesevresPeeialeonsideartion.With htesePeeuliarities，CTWtrnaslationbenefitsmuehrfomtexttyP0logynad skoPostheoyrthataetasthedieretingtheoriesinthisthesis. Inthelightofhtese，thishtesiswnatstoexPloretheProPersrtategiesofr CTWtranslationinofurehpatesrbesidesintorductionnadeonclusion.Allthe translationsrtategiesdiseussednadProPosedinhtishtesisarebasedonhte eharacteristiesofCTWtrnaslation. Introduetionbrieflygeneralizesthehtemenadthebasiesturetureofhtis thesis. ChPater1inrtodueeshtebaekgroundinofmrationoftourismnadto诚st 傲itingsinChina.ThenitexPlainstheerlevnatelementsofCTW，suehasthe 四川人学硕士学位论文 Puprose，elassifieation，ufnetionsnadlnaguageefatures，whiehsevreasthe erquisitePreParationofrsubsequenidiseussion. Chpater2tkaesnaintralinguistiestud，ynaalyzingCTWrtnaslation ersPeetivelyrfomlexieal，syntactienadeoniexutallevelinordertoimProve hteaecuracyofrtnaslation.Theinrtalinguistiesutd，ywokringashet ufndmaentalreseareh，15exPeetedtoimPorvethelnaguageeomPeteneeof CTWtrnaslator. Chpater3givesaufrtherexPloartiononextarlinguistieasPectmainly includinglnaguagestylenadeultuarlelmeents.Thediscussionstersseshtat hteCTWtext15tobetnarslatedinafvoroftargetofreigneraders，bymenas ofelegnatexPressiontodemonstartehteuniqueeulturaleharacteristies. FoeusingontheeharaeteristiesofCTW，Chpater4ProPosesthree rtnaslationsrtategiesesPeeiallydesignedofrCTWwiththehelPoftext PytologynadSkoPoshteoyr.ProhibitionofChinglish，redae-rorienied paProachnadmnaiPulationofhtesoureetext，thesethreestrategiesallaimat asmoothereommunicationofCTWtrnaslation. Conelusionsummarizeshtewholethesis，ProvidessuggestionstoCTW rtnaslato，rnadPointsoutthePractiealvalueofthisthesis. TherpaidgorwthofChineseintecrulutraleommunieationurgenily demnadsbohtinexPnadinghteuqnatiytnadimProvinghteuqaliytofthe CTW.It15，thereofre，htetrnaslator?5greattasktorenderCTWintorefined otingChina，5tourismaborad. Englishversion，withhtePuproseofProm 四川大学硕士学位论文 ChaPterl TourismandTouristWritingsinChina 1.1lburisminChina Coveringnaareaof9.6millionsquarekilometers，China15agerat eountyrwithahistoyrofovers，000years.ItsefrtilelnadnadsPlendid culUrtearenourishing1.3billionPeoPle.Menawhile，China15alsooneofhte Plaeeswheretarvelactivitiesoriginated.Thereeordedinehoatertavel activitiesinChinaenabetracedtotheClassicof几五〕unatnsinadRivesr(《山 海经》)，oneoftheearliestnaeientbooksnearly250oyearsago.Menawhile， 几moustravelersinnacientChina，likeConufeius(551一479BC)，SimaQina (135一87BC)，TriPitkaa(602一664)nadXuXikae(1587一1641)，aerallthe symbolsofthesPlendidChinesetourismeulutre. OTurism，asaword，wasfirstlyusedin1937byhteLeagueofNations (e拼entlyhteUnitedNations).HeeraPereisenaduahtnetiedefinitionof “tourism，，shouldbePorvided，htoughit15bynomenasnaeasyjob.As15 knowntoall，“eulture，，hasmoerthna200kindsofdefinitions，btllit15hard tosyaWhiehone15themostauthoritative.Thesmae15with“tourism，，.Form 50mnaydefinitionsgivenbydomestieandoverseasuathoritative assoeiationsorafmousseholars，nearlynoneofthem15metwihtuniversal accPetance?IntheLO尹茗刀ZnaDcitoina移夕ofOCnetmPorayrEhglsjh，it15 definedas“thebusinessofProvidingthingsofrPeoPletodo，Plaeesofrthem tostyaeteWhiletheyareonholiday.，，Hereitafllsintobusinessfieldnadhte PleasueritbringstoPeoPle15negleeted.SeeanotherdefinitionProvidedby theWbrldTourismOgranization(WTO)in1991一1992，“To而smeomPrises hteactivitiesofPersonsrtvaelingtonadstyainginPlaeesoutsidehetirusual enviromnentofrnotmorethnaoneeonseeutiveyearofrleisure，businessnad 四川大学硕士学位论文 otherpu甲oses，，.[l]Thisdennitionrromtheuathoritativetouristorgnaization 15moreaeeePtable，sineethePuprose，thetime，thePlaeenadthePeoPleaer allreefrredto. Astheoneofthelargestmultinationalaetivitiesintheworidsinee naeienitimes，to硕sm15boominginChinano.wThe认O/rldTrade OgrnaizationPerdietshtatby2020，Chinawillbeeometheworld，5No.l touristdestinationnadhteofurthmajorsoucreoftourists.ThePhenomenal growthPosesauniquesetofehallengesaswellasgoldenoPPortunitiesofr thisnation.ThesPeedydeveloPmentofthenation，5tourismnadincerasing numberoftouristscallofrnaequallyaeeeleratedPreParednesswihtresPeet tostnadardizedtouristsevriee. 1.1.1OTuristDveeloPmentinChinaatfer1949 Beenealledasthe“ofreversunriseindustyr，，worldwide，thetourism industyr15beeomingmoreandmoreProsPerousinChina.From1949the ofundingofRR.ChinatocuerrntithasexPerieneedthreestagesufllof wtistsnadlunrs. ModenrtourisminChinasPnarguPintheearly19505.In1954，hte ChinaIntenrationalTravelSevricewasestablished，with14brnachesin Gunagzhou，Shnaghai，Beijingnadohtermajoreities.Itwashtefirstnational rtvaelageneyinvolvedinintemationaltourism.In1964，theStaetTourism AdministrationofChinawasoffieiallyestbalished，Pushinghetnation，s tourismindustyrtowardsnainitialPorsPerity.However，beeauseofthe well一knownreason，theindusyrt，5develoPmentdeelinedderdaufllyinthe CultuarlRevolution，duringwhiehintenrationaltourismonlysevredofr PolitiealPuprose.Beofre1978，ofreigntouristactivitieswereboundedina verymsallbutofmralseale50htathteeomPletetourisminudsyrtwasnot ofmred.DesPitethat，Chinesetourismrfom1949to1978stillPlayedna 四川大学硕士学位论文 imPortnatroleinPublieizingChineseeonstruetionachievementsnad 几cllitatedintemationaleommunieationofthetime. SineetheinitiationofthePolieiesoferofmrnadoPneingtohteoutside worldin1978，China，5tourismhasenieredastageofrpaiddeveloPmeni. Through20years?exPnading，tourismindustryhasbeeomeoneofhtemost comPetitiveindustriesbeingevidencedbyitsafstestgorwthreeords. Certifiedbythe1999ChineseNationalTourismAdministratlon，hetnumber oftouristsenieringChinareached72.8million，ofwhieh8.43millionweer oferingtoUrists，40timesthefiguerofr1978.UPto2004，thelateststatistic datashowedthatChinesetourismmadeanewbrekathroughesPeeiallythe inboundtrvael一thenmuberofinboundvisitorshaselimbedto109million， ofwhich16.93millionweeroferignguests. C明ently，ChinahasbeeomenaimPortanitouristdestinationinAsia， nadthefitfhlargesttourismeountyrintheworld.Now，China15afstonits wyatobecomingacountyrwithdeVeloPedtourism，nadeonstnatly imProvingtourimsafcilitiesnadsevriees. 1.1.21?OUrismCultuerinChina China15avastlnadriehintouristresoureesnadrankshighinhteworld intemrsofitssPeetaeularnaturalwondersnadmysteriouseulturalrelies.Ai Present，theeraertwomajortourorutesinS，，一Chinas:one1hpaed‎‎5the“ tarditionaltourroute，eontainingafmousPolitiealnadeulturaleitiessuehas Beijing，Xi?na，Shnahgai，SuzhounadHnagzhou.Touristsmyaelimbthe BadalingGreatWallnadvisittheImPerialPalacenadTemPleofHeavenin Beijing，nadviewtheterracottawarriorsnadhorsesexevaatedorfmhte EmPerorQinshihunag，5Muasolemu，wnaderalongthebustlingBundnad NnajingRoadinShnaghai，enjoySuzhou?5gdarensnadtheWestLkaein Hnagzhou.Theothertourroute15hteereseeni一shpaedoneeontainingeoastal oPenregionsrfomtheLiaodongnadShnadongPeninsulastotheYnagtzeand 四川大学硕士学位论文 PearlRiverdeltas.AmongtouroPtionsoftheeerseeni一shpaedtourorute， visitosrmaygetsomeideaofhetgeratehnagesinhteseoPnecoastaleities， nadpaPreeiatehteehmaringseasideersorts. Chinesemusic，dnaeenadoPear，nadhteethnieeultuernadcustomsaer rteasuersoftourismresourees.WhileinChina，touristspaPreeiateoflkart， ineludingtarditionalBeijingOPearPeorfmrnaeesnadeomicdialogues，nad alsolemabaoutethnleeustomssuehashteDaiPeoPle，5WaterSPriknling Festival，YiTocrhFestival，BaiMarehSrteet，nadZhunagSingingFestival. Besides，Chineseeuisine15asignifienatPartoftourismeulutreinChina. BeijingRoastDuek，Gunagdong?5roastedPiglet，Hnag比ou，5WestLkae vinegarfish，Siehuna，5sPieybenaeurdnadavarietyofloeal一flvaorofodare onlysomeofChina，5eulinyardelights. 1.2TouristWritings 1.2.1Definition，PurPose，ReceviersandClassification TheHevaenhasgitfedChinawihtbaundnattouristresoureeswaaiting domestienadoverseasvisitors、However，theseto而smattractionsare diPsersedunevenlyinhtisvasteouniyr，andsomeofwhiehlikeDuhnunag BudhdistCvaenadJiuzhaigouaerloeatedinermoteaeras.Withoutextensive Promotion，it15uneasilytoarouseot诚sts，inieerstnaddrivehetmbeginhteir jomue.yOneofthesimPlestnadmosteeffetivePormotionalmenas15toedit nadPublishtouristwritings.OTuristwritingsheremainlyerefrtohtose writtenmaterialsaimingatPorvidingtouristinofmration，Ppoularizing tourismeulturetotouristsnadattraetingPoteniialeustomerstoChina，suehas touristdavertisingsheets，to丽stdamissiontieket，guidingbroehures，ete. ThedefinitionexPlicitlytellsushtePuproseoftrnaslationofChinese touristwritings(heerinatferereferrdtoas“CTWtnarslation，，)15toProvide touristinofmration，PoPularizeChinesetourismeulturetotouristsnad atartetingPotentialeustomerstotravel. 四川大学硕士学位论文 TheereeiversofCTWtranslation，aswellasthetgaretredaers，aer ofreingersinterestedinoureounrtynadoverseasChinese，InChina，mostof hteEnglishtouxistwritingsareacutallywritteninChinesebywrietrs，and hetntnarslatedintoEnglishbytrnaslators，insteadofbeingdieretly城ittenin English.Duetothediefferntlnaguageeonveniionnadeulurtalbackground betweenChinesenadEnglish，CTWrtnaslationinvolvesmanyeomPlieaetd acfotrssuehasePxressionsytle，htoughtPattemnadeulturalblank.It15hte rtnaslator?5greattasktoeonsidertheseimPortnatafctorsinCTWrtnaslation. ThemostPoPularnadmosttraditionaltouristPublieityineludesto丽st writingsnadPietorials.InChina，touristwritingsPorvidebasienadsuffieient inofmrationontvareldestinationswihtaPuproseofPublieizingand PromotinghtetouristProduets，i.e.thetouristresouxees.AtPreseni，tourist writingseoveralotofsubstnaeesineludingbroehuresrfomPublishers， touristmaterialsdisrtibutedbyageneiesnadburenas，nadInienrettourist inofmration.TheymyapaPearinvariousofmrsincludingborehures， PmaPhlets，guidebooks，tourmPas，etc.Theircontentsalsov脚rnagingrfom naturallnadscPaetoeulurtalerlies，wihtrelatedeelebritiesorChinese ealligrpahynadPaintings，ete，Generallytouristwritingsenabeclassified intotheofllowingthreeeategories: 1)BroehuersorPmaPhletsofrto丽smattraetions BorehuresorPmaPhletsofrtourismattraetionsoeffradetailed introduetionofnaturalwondersorhistoriealerlics，whlehsevretoarousehte redaer?5interest，ProvokinganimPulsetowardthefinaltrvaelingaction. 2)Guidebooksofeitiesoreountries Iniroduetiontoaeountyroracitygenerallycontainshtebasie inofmrationsuehasgeogrpahiealnadelimatieeonditions，races，Placesof interest，eulture，histoyrnadeustoms. 3)Inofmrationofrtouristoperations InofmrationontouristoPerations15toinofmrPotentialoturistsofot硕st 四川大学硕_」:学位论文 sevrieeinodrertoachievePormotionalufnetion. ExmaPlesillustartedinhtisthesisaermostlyeolleetedorfmfirsttwo categoriessineetheyaerhtemostodrinarytouristmaterialsmaongthese eategories. 1.2.2FunCtionSofCTWTranslation AimingataseleetedgroPuofPotentialvisitors，touristwritingsoeffr basieinofmrationnadguidingsevrieeoftouristattraetions.Throughhetse texts，hteauthorintendsnotonlytoepatuertheProsPeetivetourists?attention butalsoeventuallytoeonvineehtemofthegoodlinessoftheseattractions beingPormoted.WihtsuehPuprosesinmind，touristwritingsshouldachieve somePsecialeeffctsatferbeingread.Generall，ythegoodtouristwritings shouldbeinofmrative，attraetivenadPersuasive. 1)InofrmatvieFunetion Astheelemeniaryeeffet，inofmrativeeeffetmenastouristwritings shouldProvideenoughinofmrationofhettouristdestinationsofrPotential to而sts.Inhtetouristmarket，avisitorfirstlyknowsaeertainattractionorfm to而stwritings，Pietorials，orothermassmedia，nadthenhe/shemightbe interestedinitatferattaininghtesPeeifienadadequaterelatedinofmration. ThetouristwritingsPresenithehistorieal，eultuarlornatuarlvalueofna attacrtion，nomatterofculturalrelicsornaturalwonders，nadhelPvisitors outlineaPrimayrimgaehtere. 2)AttractvieFunction It15doubtlesshtatato而sttextennaotattractPeoPlemeerlywihthte inofmrativedeseriPtion.BesideshtePreseniationofneeessaryinofmration， to丽stwritingsshouldalsobeattraetiveinordertodravvvisitors，atteniionby wyaofProducingexeitement.Agoodtouristwritingmustnotonlyoeffr inofmration，butalsoPleasePeoPlePhysieallynadPsyehologieally.Sueh joyuflnesshelPsPeoPlememorizehetconteniofthetexteasilyandbewilling 四川大学硕士学位论文 tovisithtedesignatedPlace. InthisasPeet，thetouristwritingmustPossessaesthetiebeautynad artistievalue.Thevividnadeflieitouswodrsnadsenetneesfillthesetexts withafseinationnadlieflikeness，whiehenehnatProPseetivevisitorsnad stimulaethteirPersonalexPloartion.ThefigureofsPeeeh，sevresasa teehniqueofweight，15otfenusedinwell一writtentouristwritingtodad vitalit.yTheattractiveinofmrativetextssurelyWillhelPvisitorstocpatuer htebeuaytoftheseinrtodueedattraetionsintheirminds. 3)PersuasiveFunction FunetionedasamarketingtoolintouristPromotion，htetouristwritings mustachievetheirfinalgoal，otbesPecifie，thePersuasiveufnetion.Heerit15 laidinall一imPortnatPlaeemaonghtesethreeufnetionsbeeauseitneedsto stimulatevisitor?5inieersttoact.Visitor?5inierestnaddeeisionaremotivated byhteaeshtetieefelingnadPersuasiveeeffetorfmhtetexthteyaererdaing. Howeve，rhtiskindofPersuasion15notequaltoimPortunltybeeuasehtestiff wordsnadeomPellingtoneeertainlywillbegetPeoPle，5erPulsion. Asamatterofafet，alloftheseufnetionsoftouristwritingsareelosely relatedwitheaehohter.That15tosa，yinofmrativeufnetion，attacrtive 九netionnadPersuasiveufnetionaerallhtereuqiredufnetionsofrnaideal touristwriting.ThertnaslationofrChinesetouristwritingsshouldbediereted byhtesethereufnetions. 1.2.3LanguageFeatuersofCTWTranslation ConsideringhteaeeePbatiliytoftheofreignvisitorsofvarious backgrounds，thelnaguageintouristwritingsshouldnotbetooeolloquialor tooofmral.ThewordsusedinitaerexPeetedtobebriefnadvivid.InCTW trnaslation，aProminenttrnaslatedtouristwritingoughttobeeoneise， paPealingnadotfenfigurative. 1)Coneiseness l0 四川大学硕士学位论文 Englishstersseoncisenessnaddireeutess.NowhtathteCTWaer esPeeiallytranslatedofrEnglish一sPekaingPeoPle，ofeourseweshouldtally wihttheirlnaguageeonveniion.BeeuaseofthegreatgpabewteenEnglish nadChinesenomatteringrammarorstyle，aqualifiedtransloatrshouldbear htisefatuerinmindintheProeessoftranslatingnadrtytoProvidehte eoneisenadPreeiseworksofrvisitors.Thuseoneiseness15greatlyafvoerd nadhighlyereommended. 刀nysialndeaersrtungaorundhteedgeofhtePeninsuallike aPearlneekalee.Hun肪ofcoraler以eoeonutPamlsand 刀newhiet、and[21 2)APPealingness WihtoutPaPealingseeniedeseriPtionnadhistoriealIntroudetion，visitors， Passionennaotbearousedeasily.Withouttheirexeitemeniandinierest，it15 hardtobringthemtotourChina.APPealingnesssevresashtehingeintourist writingssineethevividdeseriPtionofseeneryandtheafseinatingnarration ofmysetriouseultuerhelPtoenehanthteoverseavisitors.Sometimesonlya simPlewodreouldmkaesenieneedazzling. Tere)s加wesrandgra„s，aPcituerofnatuarl On hto bahtba刀无，.ThewedriPea肋 „arlviatli扭丛丝丝 aorusediPsaraet _ _1_„_131 王心nls一 3)FiguratvieLanguage LikeChinese，thefigurativelnaugage15alsousedwidelyinEnglish to诚sttexts.Visitor?5imaginationofChineselnadsepaenadeulurte15 e而ehedbyvarioushtetoriedevieeslikesimile，metPaho，rallietration，ete. ThefiguerofsPeeehmkaesthesceniedeseriPtionPartieularlyattractive， 四川大学硕士学位论文 paPealingnadvivid. TheGeral肠11ofChin风hteol双gestwallnihtew口尸以翔ns acorssnorrhChinalkeiah王心edr口gon.S(imi)el ThediseussionaboutthelnaguageefaturesofEnglishofrtouristwritings oeffrsuseuflinsturetionstoourCTWtnarslation，i.e.weshouldkeePthe translatedtexteoneise，aPPealingnadvivid.Thelemaingbaouthteseefatuers helPshtetranslatortoadpathteChineselnaguagestyletotheEnglishone， insPiringtheofllowingexPloartioninnextehpatesr. 1.3CurerntStatusofCTWTranslation AsadiseiPline，trnaslationstudiesaredividedintoPuertheoretieal trnaslationsutdiesnadpaPliedtrnaslationstudies.CTWtnarslationbelongs tohtelatterone，astheEnglishofrPseeialPuprose(ESP).Appliedtranslatino studiesofeusonmuehPraetieenadCTWtnarslationlikewise.It15oneofthe mosterPerseniativetranslationactivitieshtaterossesvariousfleldsineluding lnaugage，soeie，yteulture，Psyeholog，yete.nadinvolvesacftorseovering economies，Polities，edueation，erligionnad叭s，whieherquiresthertnaslator ofCTWmusthaveaeomPerhensiveknowledgenad灿owssomehtingof eveyrthing? CTWtranslationactually15aParetiee一basedactiviytbutitstillneeds hteoretiealguidnaee.Trul，yhteoriesareconeludedrfomPracticewhile dieretingParetieeatthesmaetime.Sineemostofthetrnaslationtheoriesare eontributedtoliterarytrnaslationoraimatE一Ctrnaslation，littlesystematie acdaemieresearchhasbeendadressedtortnaslationstudiesoftourismin eihtertranslationdomainorintourismindus.yrtSuhcsiutationPrimarilyderivesrfomlaekofseholarswithbothtrnaslationexPerieneenad PorefssionalexPertise. 12 四川大学硕士学位论文 Furthemrore，thelnaguage，aswellaseulture，variesmuehbetweenhte Eastnadthe认/est.AllofthethingsmentionedabovemkaeCTWtranslation ah盯dW0tk. AeeomPnaiedbyhtesediffieulties，thequaliytofeurrentCTW rtnaslation15notsatisafetoyr.AlotofmistrnaslationsoeeurinPublieand distubrhtesmoothintereultuarleommunieation.ThePoortnarslationwokrs willlevaeabadimPressiontoofreignvisitors，Placinghtemindoubtabout hteUrtevalueofhteseattraetionsnadto而stsevriees.Wbrsehtnaall，it初11 leadthmetoadistortedPietuerofChinanadChineseeultuer.ThePoor trnaslationqualityoftouristwritingsinChinaaorusesmuehofourwoyrrand imPulseofrimmediateimPorvement.Ohterwisetheintemationalimageof Chinamlghtbeseriouslydmaaged. DuetotheimPortnatorlePlayedinintereulturaleommunieation，hte CTWtrnaslationneedsvitalimProvemeni.EventhoughPorgressesaer outstnadingreeentlynadworthafvoreomments，it15stillexPeetedtoget irnrnediateimProvementasnaessentialmarketingtoolofrtourisminudsyrt nadsingifienatmenastosPeradChineseeultuer. Inthelightofthese，thisthesiswnatstoexaminetherelevantacftors 允netionedinCTWtrnaslationandexPloreshteeeffetivertnaslation startegiesonthebasisofhtem.ThewokrbaleguidinghteoriesandPractieal translationsrtategieswillhelPtoernderCTWintoturebomEnglish.It15our ierrPlacebalemissiontoimProvethequalityofCTWrtnaslationnadsPerda ourPslendidculturetoallovertheworld. SortedresPeetivelyinnexttWOchaPters，thenaalysisofintralinguistie nadexrtalinguistieafetorsaerhoPedtoenlightenusontheimPorvementof CTWrtnaslation.Menawhile，htemoersrtategiesesPeeiallydesignedofr CTWartnslationwillbePorvidedinthelastehpate.r l3 四川人学硕士学位论文 Note: 【]l向萍主编:《旅游英语》，北京:高等教育出版社，1998年，第9页。 [2』贾文波:“对外旅游景介翻译与民族审美差异”，《外语与翻译》，1999 年第2期，第28页。 [3]See[2]. 四川大学硕士学位论文 ChaPterZ AnIntralinguistieStudyonCTWTranslation Theextralinguistieelementsincludingwords，sentencesnadParagrpahs sevreashteelemeniaryafetorsinCTWtrnaslation，whlehmkaeofrthe aceuracyinunderstnadingandexPerssion.IfthelanguageurleofEnglish15 violated，eventhesimPlesteommunicationeannotProeeedsmoothl.y Thereofre，theCTWtrnaslatorshouldfirstlyimProvethelnaugagebailityin lexieal，syniactienadeoniextuallevel. ThisPraetiealthesismainlydealswihttheeommonlinguistiePhenomena thatmosterfquentlyoceurinCTWrtanslationinhtisehPate.rFoeusingon theintarlinguistieafetors，let?5startorfmastatistiesofmistnarslationsin eurrentEnglishto丽stwritingsinChina. 2.1StatistiesofMistranslations AstatisticsdonebyseveralsPeeialistsoeffrsaelearProfileaboutthe mistrnaslationsinPreseniCTWtrnaslation.Thoughhtisinvestigation15not onaveyrbigseale，itindeedrefleetstheProblems. ThePollsterseolleetedthetwenty一oneEnglishto诚stinrtoductionson admissiontieketsnadguidingmpasrfomSiehuan，ChongqingnadShenzhen asinvestigationtargets，rfomwhichgeneralizedeightkindsofmistkaesin Pselling，grmam，arunsuitbalewodring，omission，exPression，vehtoseness， Chinglishnadeulturalnegleet. ThemistnarslationsnadtheirPereentageinhtetotalmistkaesaresorted below: l5 四川人学硕士学位论文 Tablel:StatisticsofMistranslationslll 熏熏\戈戈 5iChuannnChongqingggShenzhennnOTtaliyyytAAAAACCOUntttAeeountttACCountttACCountttPereentgaeee SSSPellingggl9992lll777477745.2%%% GGGranlmarrr666l000111l77716.3%%% UUUnsuitbaleWOrdinggg777333222l22211.5%%% OOOmissionnn222555333lOOO.96%%% EEExPressionnn555333000888.77%%% VVV己rbosenessss555000000555.48%%% CCChinglishhh222lll000333.29%%% CCCulturalNegleettt2220000002221.9%%% TTTotaliyyyt48884333l33310444100%%% Formtheeolleetedwtenyt一onetouristmaterialssamPles，Pollstersfind altogehter104mistkaesersPeetivelyineihgtasPeets.AeeodringtoDuna Linacheng，theProblemsofPoortrnaslationqualityofCTWarePresentedin twomainPattenrs.ThefirstonepaPearslikemorethnaenoughsPelling mistkaes，grmamatiealmistkaesnadinPaPorPriateusageofthevoeabulary; naohterone15htatthoughwithoutsPellingmistkaesnadgra们n们。armiskate，it 15diffieultofrofreignerstounderstnad.[2] elling， Thereofre，it15obviousthattheiniralinguistiemistkaesinsPgrmam，arunsuitbalewording，omissionandexPressionamongtheseeight kindsofmistkaesbelongtothefirstPattem，whilehteexartlinguistic mistkaessuehasverbosenessnadculurtalnegleettohtesecond.Formhtis statistiesit15aPitytoseethattheinrtalinguistiemistkaesoeeuPyhtefirst fivePlacesinthisstatistics，whiehremindsusofhteimPortnaeeoflinugistie barriersbetweenChineseandEnglishinCTWtrnaslation.Withthese smaPlestkaenorfmonly3eities，wecnaroughlyhvaenaideaofhtequaliyt l6 四川大学硕士学位论文 ofPresenitourismrtnaslation. Thelinguistiemistkaes，violatinghtelnaguageruleofEnglish，erefrto thelexical，snytaetienadeontextualerrorsineludinghtemisPselling，misused wodrs，111一eonsurtctedsenienees，ineohesiveParagrpahsnadete.Theobvious reasonsofrmisrtnaslationshtathpaPeninintralinguisticfieldarefirstly eonrtibutedtohtegeratdieffreneebetweenChinesenadEnglish，nad seeondlytotheineomPeteneeoftnarslators. Herewewouldliketoexmainetheintralinguistiebarriersthatledato misrtnaslationnadexPloretheeeffctivetrnaslationstrategiesintheofllowing level:Lexis，snytax，nadeontext? 2.2LexiCalLevel ChinesenadEnglishbelongtodieffrenilnagugaePhylmu:Chinese15in hetSino一TibetnaFmail，ywhileEnglishbelongstoIndo一EuorPenaFmail.y Moreove，rChineseusesPietogrPahcharactersbutEnglish15efaturedwiht Psellingletters.ThegreatgpabewteenhtembringsdiffieultiesinCTW tnarslationersPeetivelyorfmtheasPeetsoflnaguageeonventionnadsytle. Inlexieallevel，themissPellingnadunsuitablewordingaretwomain ProblemsrfequenilyseeninCTWtrnaslation.AeeuraeybohtinsPellingnad exPerssion15nadavisbaleeountemreasureagainstthePoortrnaslationin lexieallevel.F叭hemroer，heerit15suggestedtoPerefethtetnarslationby wyaofusingdynmaieverbs. 2.2.1CoerretSPelling Ranklngfirstinhtestatistiesofmisrtnaslationsin2.1，thesPelling mistkae15htemostundesevredonethatenabeofundeasilyinvarioustourist writings.“Rivesr，，isM汀ittenas“rimers，，，“mouniain，，as“moutain，，，“in，，15 ytPedinto“im，，nadsometimes“QingDynasty，，beeomeshtenonstandadr “qingdynasyt，，.BeingevideneedintheexmaPlebelow: 四川大学硕士学位论文 蜀中胜景窦团山欢迎您。3]l W七leometotheafnlous丛犯远旦匹旦ofBashuDoutuna Mountain. LoeatedinJinagyou，SiehunaProvinee，hteDoutunaMountain15afmous ofrthedelieatenatuarlbeauty.Howeve，r“seenie，，nad“sPot，，htesetwowodrs ad“sPort，，.ThoughthesetwoPairsof areineorrectlysPeltoutas“senie，，n wordsshaerorughlysimilarPornuneiation50htatofreignvisitorssometimes enadoPeouttheiractualmenaings，htewrongPsellingdoesPsoilhteimgae oftheattraetionsnaddiseomofrtonthePartofvisitors.Formwritingto tnarslating，thentoPriniing，theslightearelessnessmihgtledatoinaceuracy. W七wouldratherbelievehtathtiskindofsPellingmistkaesmainlytkaePlace intheProeessofPoroerfdaingnadPrinting，thusitcnabeavoidedwiththe eareuflnessofhteProorfedaersnadtPyogrPahers. SometimesithpaPensnaohterkindofmisPsellingeontrlbutedtohte tnarslator?5ineomPeteneetohisnativelnaguagenadeultuer.Forinstnaee， “西怜桥，，，oneofthemostafmousbridgesinHnagzhou，wasoneertnaslated inio“XilengBridge，，byaearelessrtnaslatorinsteadofhteeorreet PornunciationnadsPelling“XilingBridge，，.Alhtoughhtiskindofmiskate myanotmenamuehtonon一ChinesesPeakers，thistnarslatorshouldbe resPonsibleofrtheineorrecttrnasofmrationofinofmration. 2.2.2AccuarteExPerssion Theunsuitbalewording15alsotherfequentlyhpaPenedmistkae aeeodringtothestatistiesinsection2.1.Thiskindofmistrnaslation15dueto theinaceuareyofcomPerhnesiononthesourcetextnadPoorexPression. IntheProeessofrtnaslation，PartieularemPhasismustbePlacedonhet accuratecomPrehensionnadPreeiseexPression.Aeutally，theChinese 四川大学硕士学位论文 translator，5eomPrehensiononthesoureeInaguage15inevitablyinflueneed byhis爪er知owledgeofChinese.Thusthebrodaandsolidknowledgeofhte Chineselnaguagedetemrineswhethertheoriginalmenaing15well understoodornot. Atferexmaining，naalyzing，nadinefrringtherealmenaingofhtewodrs nadPhrasesofthesoureetexteaeruflly，theartnslatorhastoselectthe aceuratewordsesPeeiallywithregardtoeorreetness，clenaressnad eeffetiveness，whiehaetasthreeeriteriaweshouldtkaeintoeonsiderationin ehoosinghteequivalentword. Howeve，rmanyProblemsinCTWrtnaslationaerjusteuasedbyPoor dietion.ThemisusedwodrsnadinaPProPriatePhrasesmkaesenteneearf awayorfmitsoriginalintention.TheProPerwordinProPerPlacemkaesthe Perefctsentenee.IneasethathteimProPerwodrinimPorPerPlaee，howdo visitorseraettoit?AnexmaPlenaswershtisquestioninnainteerstingway: 地下游览惊险刺激。4]l A:Theundergroundvoyage15ufllof旦旦旦匙二nadrisk. B:Theundergroundvoyage15ufllof旦旦丝丝里旦nadrisk. APPaerntl，ythemisused“dnager，，heretwiststheintentionofhtis senteneeexeeprtedorfmatouristadvertisementwithitsintnetionotattract tourists.Theeaeruflexmainationof“惊险，，intheSoucretexttellsusthatthis undergroundvoyage15unusualnadexciting，yethte“dnager，，，esPeeially menaing“Powertohann，，，tumsnaexeitingjounreytobenaunsaefhazard. Thefirstnadbasieeriterion“eorreeutess，，mentionedaboveeannotbe satisfied，northelastwto.Sincenoonewantstoyrtsueh“dnager?，，hte versionAaehievesnopaPealingeeffet.FewvisitosrwnattokatePartinsueh dnagerousrtiPwihttheirlivesasjetton. The2008OlymPiesGameswillbeheldinBeijing.Byhten，Beijingwill l9 四川大学硕士学位论文 hosthtousnadsofofreignvisitorsnadbeeomeastagetoshowChinesesPirit nadculture. 绿色奥运，人文奥运，科技奥运。[5] A:GreenOlymPies，PeoPle?5OlymPies，nadHihg一teeh OlymPies B:Enviromnental一rfiendlyOlymPics，Culture一enriehed Olympies，nad业且坦旦1丝y:迎匹翌旦工鱼Olympies Theliteraltrnaslationshowsthetrnaslator?5misunderstnadingbaoutthe eonnotationsofthesesixdottedwords.As15bowntoall，bothofChinese nadEnglishendowhteeolorwihtsPeeialmenaings，buthtesmaeeolorotfen hasdieffrenievenoPPositemenaingindieffrenieulture.RedinChinese earriesthesenseoflueknadofrtune，whileinEnglishsymbols“dnager，，. Likewise，“绿色”here15usedtoshow“enviromnentalproteetion，?，besides whlehinEnglishgreeneolorhastheothermenaingsas“notmatureorriPe，， or“envyorjealous，，.Thus“greenOlymPies，，mightleadtodistorted im雌inationinoferigners，mind.Furthemrore，“人文”denotes“eulture，，，not people.“科技奥运，，showsthathteolympiewillusehtehigh一teehmachine巧 nadafcilities.UPontheeorrecteomPrehensionoftheseimPlieations，the translatorshouldPreseniamoreaceuratetrnaslationlikehteversionBwiht hteeorreet，elearnadeeffctivewords. TheBritishlinguistJ.R.Fihrtoneemeniionedthathtenaalysisofwodr dPeendsonhtesenieneeit15in;thenaalysisofsenieneedPeendsonthe siutationit15used.Outsidethesiutation，it15hardlytoPorvidehteaceurate rnederingofwordsnadPhrases，evensentenees.Theofllowing erPersentativeChineseeatePhhraseweotfenseeineiytdrurnbeatingworks asagoodillustartiontothisPointofvie.w 20 四川大学硕士学位论文 让世界了解成都，让成都走向世界。 A:Lethte丝匹坦knowChengdunadletChengdug立鱼hte world. B:Let旦2塑退，卫丝P坦knowChengdunadletChengud塑旦丝逻 intohteworld. Withwodr一of-rworldrtanslation，htisslogna15oetfnerndeerdashte versionAinmnayoeeasions.AifirstsightPeoPlemihgtthikntheversionA 15allright，butatferexmainingtheunderiinedwodrstheymightefel somethingunsuitable.Practieall，yheerit15bettertochnagethefirst“world，， into„，PeoPle，，，ofrit15actuallythePepole，nottheworid，hvaeabilityotknow andundesrnatd.Asofrthelastsentenee，it15aParadoxthatitseemsChengdu 15notaPartofthisworld.Asamatterofafet，Chengdunedenot90tothe wor一dbeeauseithasbeeninthisworldorfmofold.Heer“走向”basically menas“融入，?equalto“me嗯e，，inEnglish，50theversionB15moerlogieal inhtissituation. Inawodr，theCTWtranslatorhsouldexmaineeveyrwordnadPhrasein thesoucretextbeoferstartingtnarslating.TheaeeuratecomPrehnesionnad exPressioninlexieallevelarethePereonditionsofrohtersrtategiesofCTW translation. 2.2.3DynamieWordsSuggested TheeorreetsPellingnadaeeurateexPressionmkaePuafluidtext，butit 15notenough，It15turethatthetouristwriting，withoutaeshtetiepaPeal，15 hardtoattracttourists.WithnaeyetohtisPoint，let，5comParehetofllowing rtnaslations: 小石「]峭壁出世，高达91.7米，气势磅礴。6]l A:TheSmallStoneGaterisessuddenlyrfomtheground 2l 四川大学硕士学‎‎位论文 nad坦91.7mhihg. B:TheSmallStoneGatesPringsPuwardhtes材nad stnads/towersPoweruflly91.7metersheight. Obviousl，ytheversionB15morevigorouswiththehelPof“stnad Powe而lly，，.Thoughwihtoutlinguistiemistkae，theaesthetiebeuatyof versionA15afdedbythesimPleuseof“15，，.ThisexmaPleindieateshtathte emPloyofdynmaieEnglishvebrsenafillsenteneeswihtlivelinessnadsPirit. Similarl，yhtevebr“tower?，alsovividlyeraPPeasrthelotfinessofthisorck. Inthisseetion，theuseofdynmaievebrs15suggestedsineethesewodrs enaPerefethtesentneeesnadmkaehtemlivel，yvisualnadeye一eacthing. MoreexmaPlesarePersuasive: 有一条小路通往林子深处。[7] A:There15aPhatledainginiothedeePofthewood. B:APath塑旦旦iniohtedeePofhtewood. 蔚蓝的海面上白帆点点。8]l A:Therearewhitesailsonhtebluesea. B:Whitesailsdothtebluesea. BohthteversionBinhtesetwoexmaPlesseverallyendowsitsoriginal senteneewithdynamiesenseofbeuaty.ComParingwiththeversionB，the versionA，ineommon“hterebe，，sUrteture，15toobluntnadsteerotyPedto PordueeatableauofPieturesquelnadsepae.Theflexibleuseofdnymaic vebrs15suggestedinCTWtrnaslation. 2.3SyntactieLevel TheeraertwoasPeetstobediseussedinhtesyntaetielevel:fisrtone15in 22 四川大学硕卜学位论文 syntactiesurteurte，nadtheohteronewillbe.doneinPattemsofexPerssion betweenEnglishnadChinese. 2.3.1CommentsonSyntaetieDiefferneesbewteenChineseandEnglish Aceodringtohtestatistiesstatedin2.1，thegmarmatiealmistkae15hte seeondereurrentmistranslationwithhterateof16.3%.urle Gra刀nn以armenas“‎‎ofrofmringwodrsnadcombininghtemintosentenees，，inhte〔欢ofdr AdvancedLearner兮翻gll?sh一Chl?neseDcitl?Onayr，itasaseieneeeoverstwo domainsineludingmoprhologynadsyntxa.Inthesmaedietionary，syntxa15 definedas“urleofrarrangementofwordsinioPhrasesnadPhrasesinto senetnees，，.FromhteeomParisonofthesetwotemrs，weereognizehtat syntax15aetuallyaP叭ofgrmam.arMostofgrammatiealmisrtnaslationsin CTWareactuallycontributedtotheierrgular拼nagemeniofsenienee eomPonents，thusweWouldrhatersPeeiyfhtemintosyntacticasPeet. ThoughbothbasedonSV(subjeet+veht)senieneestucrurte，Chinese nadEnglishv娜ageratdealinsynixa. FeaturingParatxais，ChineselnaguageusuallyaPPearsinhte juxtpaositionofPhrasesorelauseswihtefweoordinatingorsubodrinating eonjunctions.ThusChinesesentence15otfenPersenetdinhteofmrof short一senteneeliknedbythetimenadlogie，hiddennadimPlied，insteadof beingovertlysturctuarlnadofmral.Ontheeontar，yrEnglish，asahihgly 勿Potaeticlnaguage，emPhasizesthedePendentorsubodrinaterelationshiPof eluaseswihteontieetives.HeneetheEnglishsenieneehastheelearsurtctuer Wihtmainseniencenadanumberofeluaseseonnectedbyliknwodrslike “but，，nad“50，，.ComPoundsentenee15oneoftheeharaeteristiesofEnglish. Beeuaseofhtelessofrmalnads加eturalresrtietion，Chinesesentenee ufmisheslessimPortnaeetothesubjeet50thatsometimesthesubjeetenabe letfout.It15commontoseehteChinesesentencelike“下雨了”，Papaernily devoidofthesubjeet.Onhteconrtyar，Englishsyntxasertsslogieal 23 四川大学硕士学位论文 relationshiPbetweensenieneeeomPonents，whiehaereloselyrelaetdby variousPhrases，eluasesornominativebasoluteeonstucrtion.Thesubjeet15 erquisiteofraeomPletesentence.Thuswhentrnaslatinghtenon一subjeet sentenee“下雨了”，htertnaslatorneedstoaddhtesubjeetnadrendersinto“it arins，，. Followingthesegeneralsyniaetiedieffernees，wewillnowlookiniohte flexiblesyniactieergulationsdiseussedinnextseetion. 2.3?2SyntactieRegulation ThePorblemhpaPensinsyntactielevel15alsooneofhtemostereurrent mistranslations.Senteneesnotinaeeodrnaeewihtthelnaguageeonventionof EnglishbeeomehteobsUrtetionsinacquiringthedesiredtouristinofmration. SincemostofhtereeeiversareEnglishuse，rthehyPotaetiesenetnee15mueh moerafvorbaleasit15showninhteofllowingrtnaslation. 桂林位于广西壮族自治区北部，是国内外旅游胜地之一。 A:Guilin15loeatedinhtenohrtofGunagxiZhunag AutonomousRegionnadit15oneofthetourismattractions well一kno、vnbohtathome叭dbaroda. B:这旦里旦旦inthenorthofGunagxiZhunagAutonomous Region，Guilinboastsitstourismattractionswell一known bothathomeandbaroad. Bohtofthetwotnarslationsareeorreetingrmam.arHoweve，rwihtout eonsideringthesyniaeticdieffreneesbewteenChinesenadEnglish，the rtnaslationmustbestiffnadlaekofhtesenseofbeuatyevenifthereareefw grmamatiealmistkaesoeeu.r认乞havementionedthatChinesesenteneeotfen aPPeasrinshort一senteneeofmrliknedbythetimenadlogie，hiddenand imPlied，instedaofbeingoverlysurtcturalnadofmral.Contraril，ywhile 24 四川大学硕士学位论文 Englihssenteneehashteelearsurteturewihtmainsenieneenadsevearl eluaseseloselyrelatedwitheachothe.rTheversionBtunrsthefirstsentence intona一dP叭ieiPateeluase，hrtouhgWhichhtesyntactiesurteurtebeeomes h邓otactic.Byw盯ofsuehsyniaetieregulation，the“是国内外旅游胜地，，15 hihgllghtedbyitsnewPlaceinhtemaineluase. “人间仙境”桃花源，位于湖南省常德市西南40公里处， 南倚武陵，中贯国道，北临沉水，要居湖南省诸风景名 胜区之枢纽，系湖南省十大风景名胜区之一。[9] A:ThelnadofPeachBlossoms，whleh15situCatdbao讯40 knltothesoutheastofChnagdeCit，yHunnaProvinee，has theWulingMouniainstoweringoveratitssouthnadhet YunaRiverflowingbyatitsnohrt.Thethorougharfeurns throuhghtelnad.It15aPivotofhteseeniesPotsnadhetone oftheafmoustenregionsofseeneyrinHunnaProvinee. FormhteChineseintroduetiontothisseeniesPot，weenainefrhtathte eenterofitliesin“系十大景区之一，?nad“要居…之枢纽，，whiehgive PormineneetotheafmeofTaohuyauna50astoattraetmoervisitors.Butthe versionAobviouslydePartsrfomhtiseenie，rofllowingthelnaguage eonventionofChinese.Themessyarrnagemeniofeontentsandillogieal eonneetionbetweensenieneesintheversionAleadtosyntaetieeonufsion. Moreove，rhteexPressionslike“atitssouth，，，“Pivot，，nad“theoneofhte 几moustenregions，，areimProPerlyused.Atfererarrnaginghetsyniaetic sturcurte，hteversionB15Provided: B:Taohuyauna(htelnadofPeaehBlossoms)，loeatedbaout 40kilometerstohtesouthwestofChnagdeCi，yt15maong htetenwell一knownseeniesPotsinHunanProvince.Itisa 25 四川大学硕士学位论文 thoorughafretotheohterninePlaces，withMountWUling onthesotllh，hteYunaRiveronthenorth，nadthenational rodashrtoughitsarea. Aeeordingtohteeeniralinofmrationofthisinrtoduction，hteversionB seParatesthesoureetextiniotwoEnglishsenteneesinwhiehhtetwoPieees ofmaininofmrationareersPeetivelyexPlained.Bywyaofusing弋d PartieiPateelausenadProPositionalPhrase，therestinofmrationinthe iniorudetionaboutitsloeationnads研oundingsaereloselyattachedtoits mainSVsturetuer.ConirastedbytheversionA，theversionB15muehmore logieallyogranizedin勿PotaetiestureturewiththeelearlyemPhasized inofmration.Inthistnarslatedtext，visitorsenagrasPthedesierdinofmration Paridlynaddireetly? FromhteexamPlesbaove，it15clearlyhtatawell一ogrnaizedto而st intorduetion15nodoubtwelcomedbyofreignvisitorsbeeuaseofitsfine erdabailiyt . InCTWtrnaslationthet哩etreadersareoverseastourists，ofrhte goodofwhomhtetrnaslatoroughttobewisetothedieffrentsyntactie structurenadofllowthehyPoacttieurleofEnglish. 2.3.3PatternsofExPcrssion IntheProeessofCTWtrnaslation，dieffrentPattemofexPerssion betweenChinesenadEnglish15naohterafetorsweshouldtkaeinio eonsideration.FollowinghtewestemPattenrsofexPerssion，thesuitbale erarrangementofthecontenisofhtesourcetexthelPstoimPorvehte erdabailiytofrtnaslatedtouristwritings. TheEnglishexPerssionPattem15straightofwrardnadthetoPie15usually develoPedinadeduetivewya.That15tos，yaEnglishtendstoPuthte“ersult，， inorfntwihtthesPeeified“erasons，，ofllowing.Conrtaril，ytheChinese exPerssionPattem15sPiralnadthetoPie15usuallydeveloPedinnainduetive 26 四川大学硕士学位论文 way.Inshort，Chinese15aeeustomedtoPutthe“result，，or“eonelusion，， behindwiht“reasons，，naalyzedbeofer.Aeeordingl又theChineseePxerssion 15moerimPlieithtnaEnglish.It15eommonthatChinesesutdentseonufse EnglishreaderswithnaimPlieationPattemintheireomPosition.TheEnglish sentenceorPaargrpahusuallybeginswihthtesattementoftheeenartlidae exPerssedbyatoPiesenienee，ofllowedbyaseriesofsubdivisionsofhte eentralidea.ThesesubdivisionsdeveloPhteeentralideanadPrePaerofrthe daditionofotherideas. Howeve，rmnayChineseversionsoftouristwritings，iniendedofr domestievisitorsnadwritteninhtePattemofChineseexPerssion，donot eatertothetasteofofreignvisitors.InCTWrtnaslation，it15suggestedto altertheeXPressionPattemofhtesourcelnaguagetextinordertomkaethe renditionatllywithhtetargetlnaguagenomrs.LookatnaexamPle: 在四川西部，有一处美妙的去处，它背倚崛山主峰雪宝 顶，树木苍翠，花香袭人，鸟声婉转，流水潺潺，这就 是松潘县的黄龙。【?“] Oneofsiehuna?5finestseeniePsots15Hunaglong(Yellow 旦丛g里立，whiehliesinSongPnaCountyjustbeneath Xueboading，themainPekaoftheMinshanMountain.Its lushgerenofersts，filled初thrfagrnatflowers，bubbling sertmas，nadsongbidrs，aerrichinhistoriealinterestaswell asnatuarlbeauty. IneorrePsondeneewiththededuetivewayofEnglishmannerofwriting， hteEnglishrtnaslationrenaarrgedthesurtetureofthesoureetext.Thetrnaslatorseparateshtewho letextintowotsenieneesnadadvnaees“松潘县 的黄龙”atthebeginningofthetext，bywhiehthedetaileddePietion ofllowed.Duetohtereasonbalestureturaldajustmeni，thetrnaslatedtext15 27 四川大学硕士学位论文 moereradablenadexPlieiteomParingwihtlitearltnarslation50thathte eornnlunicationbetweenthisseenieintroductionandthetargetredaersena90 onwheels. AsueeessuflCTWtrnaslationdoesnotonlyinetndtotransofmrthe ot丽stinofmration，butalsownatstoattacrthtePoetntialvisitorswihthte exPerssionselosesttothem.TheuseofEnglishPattemsofexPerssionmkaes hetmefelnaturalnadgenial，thusachievesbetterPersuasiveufnetion. Aboveall，hteviewofsyniaetieregulationandexPressionPattemof EnglishandChineseinCTWtarnslationhasagreatimPactonhetaetual eralizationofeommunieation. 2.4ContextualLevel AeomPleteParagrpah15madePuofseveralseParatesenienees，thebasie unitofpaargarph，aeeodringtolnaguageurles.This15ealled“因字而生句， 积句而成章”(Asenienee15eomPosedbywordsnadatext15mdaeby acemuulatingthesentenees).1”1肠uristwritingsonen即pearintheormrof longdeseriPtioninbroehuresorPmaPhlets.Otherhtnainlexiealnad syntactielevel，theeontextualnaalysis15ofsignifieaneeofraafeilenad eohesivetouristintroduetion. ConneetionsbetweensenteneesnadreogrnaizationofPaargrpaharewto 几ctosrshouldbeeonsideerdinCTWtranslation. 2.4.1ConlleCtionSbetweenSentenCes Besidesinthesyniaetiestureture，hyPotxais15alsoufnctionedinEnglish Paargrpah，inwhiehthesenteneesareotfencombinedbyeonneetiveslike “thereofer，，，“naywya，，nad“伪找hemrore，，.Similarl，yevenineontextuallevel ChinesestillkeePParataetiestyle.ThoughChinesealsouseseonneetives，it moertendstoconneetsenteneeswihtinnerlogiealeoheerneeeomParing 28 四川大学硕士学位论文 withEnglish.ThusinCTWrtnaslation，thetranslatormusthvaetheelear understandingofhtelogiealerlationshiPbewteensenetneesinChinesetext， naddadtheneeessaryEnglisheohesivewordstohtePorPerPlaceaceording tohteeonetxtualerlationshiPbewteensenienees.Thesewodrsmyabe “however，，，maybe“inshort，，，ormaybe“ofrexmaPle，，.Asnaeeffetive mehtodtotransefrhteoriginalmenaing，htegoodeonnectionsmkaePua eoheerniandeohesivetouristwriting. 关于禹的出生有许多神奇的传说。有的说，鲸死了三年， 尸体还没有腐烂。有人用刀子把尸体剖开，禹就跳了出 来;有的说，禹的母亲吃一种野果，就生下了禹。大家 都说禹是神的儿子，是一个聪明、能干、了不起的英雄。 【121 Therehvaebeenmnaymythiealstoriesbaoutuy，5bihrt. 鱼更互鱼丛hrteeyearsatferGunwaskilled，hisbodystill showednosingofPutreacftion，nadwhensomeoneeutit oPen，outboundedtheboyYu.Anohterhasithtatuy，s mothergavebirthtohimatfereatingakindofwildurfit， 鑫翌巡旦Y，innaeienitimes，everyoneseemedtobelievethat YuwashtesonofGod，naingenious，ePabalenadPeerless heor. AeeodringtotheeoniextualvieWPoint，htisPargarpahshouldbetreated asawhole.ThesentencesinitcannotbeviewedastheisolatedParts.Theer aerwto“有的说，，inthesoureetextbothreefrtothe“传说，，inhtefirst sentenee.Atfertheoverallnaalysis，htetranslatorrendersthemas“one15 htat…naohterhasithtat…”basedonhteireoniextualerlationshiP.Moreove，r htedaditionof“naywya，，，ufnetionedasaeonneetive，eonveyshteinrtinsie erlationshiPbetweensentenees.Sueheonneetivewordshnagthesentencesin 四川大学硕士学位论文 thisPaargraPh50closelytogehterthatthetgareterdaesrenagethtewhole paragrpahdonewithoutanyletuP. Furthemroer，theeohesionofaParagrpah15notmerelyPresenetdby eonnectivewords.Thedistinetsubjeet15alsooneofthemostPorminent efatuersofEnglishsentenees，whiehhasbeendiseussedin2.3.1.Here，the daditionoftherequisitesubjecttosenteneesinaPaargraPhalsoassiststhe smoothconneetionsinrePsectthathteChinesesenieneeoetfnomitsthe subjeet. (A)旅客可以乘上乌篷船，在歌声中领略水乡泽国的佳 景。B()看见近处河道、舟揖、堤岸，远处田野、村落、 山影，好像一切皆漂浮在水上。(C)泛舟东湖、穿行在悬 崖陡壁之下，可以感受“坐井观天”的奇趣。I?3] (a)迎里鱼垫mayenjoythebeautyofurralseeneyrinablaek taprualin一eoveredboatrowedalongtheriveraceomPnaied byhtesoundofsinging.(b)Nearby丝旦enasee watereourses，boatsnadbanks，nadinthedistnace，the fields，villagesnadhills，allofwhiehseemstobefloating onwate.r(c)WhileboatingundertheclisffonEastLkae， y旦旦mayacquierthewonderuflexPerieneeofhvaingaveyr n叭owviewoftheskyasifyouwerelookinguPwardsorfm thebottomofa、vell… Theadditionofsubjeet15htedistinetefatureinthisexamPle.Theerare threesenetneesinhtesoucretext，maongwhichonly(A)hashtedistinct subject“旅客”.As15knownotall，htesubjeet15ofsignifienaeeofrEnglish sentenee，htusitneedstobesuPPliedbytrnaslatoronthebasisofeontexotal imPlieation.Fromhtesubjeetofsenienee(A)nadtheeoniexutaleonient，it15 notdiffieulttoinefrhtathteeralsubjeetsofsentenee(B)nad(C)arestillthe 30 四川大学硕_:l学位论文 “旅客”.Besides，htedeeisionon“you”toaetasthesubjeetinestdaofthe ohterPronouns，like“he，，nad“htey，，，15aetuallywellintendedbythe translato，rbeeuaseitmkaesredaersefelthattheyareatlkingwihthteguide afeetoacfe，throughwhiehthedistnaeebetweenthetextnadhetofreign visitorsseemstobeshortened.ByWayofusingtheseeondPersonPornoun， htetgaretredaersmyaefelhteyarejustPersonallyonhteseene. 2.4.2Reogran往ationofParagraPh AnodrerlyPaargParhexPlieitlytellstheuseuflinofmrationtoofering eraders，butnotalltheoriginaltextshavethewell一ogrnaizedlogieal arrangemeni.ReorgnaiZationofParagrPahmenasthePorPererarrnagemeniof inofmrationinodrertomkaetouristwritingsmehtodie.Theofllo诚ng exmaPleillustratesthisstrategywell: 港口城市—宁波【?4](A)宁波是中国对外开放的14个沿海港口城市和国家计 划单列城市之一，不仅是闻名中外的港口城市，而且是 一座历史悠久的文化名城。(B)宁波历史，源远流长。 C()1973年发现了河姆渡遗址。(D)河姆渡遗址不但以稻 作和相耕农业、黑陶和干栏式建筑成为它独特的文化个 性，而且以它距今7000年的时间，证明这里是中华民族 发祥的源头之一。…… E()在深厚的文化积淀中孕育而成的宁波传统工艺诸如 骨木嵌镶、宁式家具、朱金木雕、金银彩绣等，用材讲 究，手艺精绝，风格独特。(F)宁波汤团、奉化水蜜桃、 余姚与慈溪的杨梅、奉帮裁缝等已成为宁波饮食业、服 装业的拳头产品，深受各地游客的青睐。 Ningbo一APortCiyt (a)Ningbo15oneofthe14eoasatleitiesoPentotheoutside 四川大学硕士学位论文 nadalsooneoftheeitiessPeeially worldinChina， designatedinhtestatePlnawithquasi一provineialstatusin theeeonomiemnaagementrights.(b)Notonly15itknown asaPorteitybohtathomenadbaroad，butalsoasacultural eityWihtalonghisto.yr(e)TheHemuduSitediseoveerdin 物yaoCiytin1973hasbeenidentifiedas7000yearsold.(d) TheHemuduCulturewasehaareterizedbyrieeeultivation， 几溯ingwithsPade一shpaedtools，blaekPotteyrnad bemalessdwellingsbuiltonstilts.(e)TheHemuduSite15 nowgenerallyaeknowledgedasoneofhteeradlesofhte Chinesenation.… (0Ningbo，5rieheulturalheritagehasgivenbirthto exquisitetraditionalhnadicratfslikewoodevaringsinlaid withoxbones，Ningbostyleufmiture，gold一eoated woodcvarings，nadembroideyri乒goldennadsilveyreolo.r (g)Allofhtemaremdaeofqualitymaterialswithexeellent eartfsmanshiPnaduniquestyle.(h)Ningbohasalso Pordueedlargenumbersofmastertailorsknownasthe tailorsofFenghuaorigin.(i)Nowondertheeitynowhasa well一develoPedgannentindust.yr白)ThisPorteiyt15also 伍mousofrsuehsnaeksasNingboTangtuan，asortof round一shpaeddumPlingsmadeofglutinousflourwiht fillingsnadsevredinsoPu，aswellasofritsurfits，suchas honeyPeaehesrfomFenghuanadredbayberriesrfom YuyaonadCixi. InthefirstParagrpah，thesentenee(A)comPrisesatleast4itemswaiting otbertnaslated:“14个沿海港口城市之一”，“国家 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 单列城市之一”，“闻 名中外的港口城市”nad“历史悠久的文化名城”.Theexperssionwouldbe 32 四川大学硕士学位论文 baldnadehoekedifweliterallytrnaslatethemintoonesentenee.Atnarslator shouldalsobeagoodedito.rThussentenee(A)15betterdividedintowto sentences，i?e?()anad(b)inthetrnaslatedtext.Andsentenee(B)“宁波历史， 源远流长”aetuallyreefrstothesmaemenaingasthepervious“历史悠久的 文化名城”，50it15earsedrfomhtet雌ettexttokeepterse. Thesequeneeofsentenee(C)nad(D)15chnagedinaeeodrnaeewihtthe innerlogiealerlationshiPbetweeneaeheluase.ThementionofHmuuduSite heer15usedtoeertiyfhtelonghistoyrofNingboreeferrdbaove，thusthe“距 今7000年的时间”15thepivothtatshouldbeplacedinorfnt，sevringasthe tesenienee(e) bestevideneetosuPPortthisidea.Atfereombination，h involvingthehistoyrandtheloeationoutlinesageneralimageofHemudu Site. TheseeondParagrpahtalksabouthtetraditionalhnadicratfsnadsPeeial aes“用材讲究，手艺精绝，风格独特，， porductsofNinhgo.Thesenienee(E)tk outnadgeneralizesthesethreePhrasesintoaseParatesenienee.Aswellas htesentenee(F)，it15illogicalinenumerationofthesesPeeialProduets.Atfer reefrtingthehnadieratfsinlastsentenee，thewritergoesonintroudeingthe eatbales.Ab哪tl又“奉帮裁缝，，eutsinwhiletalki雌baout毛川gyuannad urfits.TheofodnadtailorpaParenilybelongtodieffernikindofsPeeial Products，thushterearrnagementoftheitemslistedinthisParagrpah15 highlyneeessary.InodrertomkaeParagrpahlogieal，thetrnaslatorfirstly davnaceshtewodrsontailorsofFenghuaoriginwith“Nowonderhteeity nowhasawell一develoPedgmarentindusyrt，，added，htengivedeseriPtionot hteofodnadrfults. InthisexmaPle，trnaslatornotonlydadsoromits，butalsorearrangesthe inofmrationaeeodringtotheconseeutionnadhteaetualeonditionofhte soucretext.Throughreasonbaleadjusmteni，theinofmrationofthesmaekind 15gatheredtogether50thatthereaderseangarsPtheeoneentrative inofmrationquieklynadinofeus. 33 四川大学硕士学位论文 Enlightenedbyhtesesuceessuflillustrationstotheinofmration trnasofmrationincontextualleVel，thetnarslatorhasthedutytowidely exmainehteintrinsierelationshiPbetweensentenees.Thesmooth eonneetionsbetweensenieneesandthePorPerreogrnaizationofhte Paragrpahafeilitatehteeeffetiveeommunieationwihtofreingvisitors.A well一ogrnaizedtouristinrtoduetioneannotbesPearatedwihthte eonsiderationineontextualPersPeetive. Thenaalysesonhteinrtalinguistieacftorsineludinglexis，synatxnad eontextarebenefieialtoimPorvethequalityofCTWtrnaslationorfmhte asPeetsofaeeuraeynadreadbailit.yTheeeffrtinthisehpater15intendedto presnetthePreeise，exPlicitnadvividtouristintroduetionhtatoferign visitorsenjo.y Inaword，hteiniralinguisiestudyonCTWtranslationlyashte prerequisiteeonditionofrhteidealEnglishtouristwritings.Forhtebetter qualityofCTWtrnaslation，weshouldtrytoPorbemoertrnaslation strategiesinnaotherfield一theextralinguistiestud.y Note: 【]l文军，邓春等:“信息与可接受度的统一—对当前旅游翻译的一项调查与 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 ”，《中国科技翻译》，2002年第2期，第49页。 [2』段连城:《对外传播学初探》，北京:中国建设出版社，1998年。 [3]See[l]. [4]See[l]. 【5]丁衡祁:“汉英/英汉翻译的„特效处理”，，《中国翻译》，2001年第6 期，第23页。 【61邢怡:“试论旅游翻译的标准和改进翻译质量的建议”，《旅游科学》， 2001年第3期，第40页。 [7]张基佩:((1卜文学翻译》课堂资料。 [8]See[7].