2021年初中语文_必背古诗文61首合集(带拼音)

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nengmomatl乱花渐欲迷人眼，浅草才能没马蹄。zuiaihudongxingbuzuluyangyinlibdishadi最爱湖东行不足，绿杨阴里白沙堤。19、卖炭翁（唐）白居易maitanwcngfaxinshaotannanshanzhong卖炭翁，伐薪烧炭南山中。manmianchcnhuiyanhudseliangbincangcangshizhihei满面尘灰烟火色，两鬓苍苍十指黑。maitandeqianhesudyingshcnshangyishangkouzhongshi卖炭得钱何所营？身上衣裳口中食kelidnshcnshangyizhongdanxinyoutanjianyuantianhan可怜身上衣正单，心忧炭贱愿天寒。yelaichcngwaiyichixucxiaojiatanchenianbingzhe夜来城外一尺雪，晓驾炭车辗冰辙。niukunrcnjiriyigaoshinanmenwainizhongxic牛困人饥日已高，市南门外泥中歇。pianpianliangjilaishishuthudngyishizhebaishaner翩翩两骑来是谁？黄衣使者白衫儿。shoubawenshukouchcngchihuichechiniuqianxiangbci手把文书口称敕，回车叱牛牵向北。yichetanqianyujingongshiqujiangxibude一车炭，千余斤，宫使驱将惜不得。banpihongxiaoyizhanglingxixiangniutouchongtanzhi半匹红绡一丈绫，系向牛头充炭直。21、雁门太守行（唐）李贺hoiyunyachcngchcngyucuijiaguangxiangrijinlinkai黑云压城城欲摧，甲光向日金鳞开。jiaoshcngmantianqiuselisaishangyanzhiningyezi角声满天秋色里，塞上燕脂凝夜紫。banjuanhongqilinyishuishuangzhongguhanshcngbuqi半卷红旗临易水，霜重鼓寒声不起。baojunhudngjintaishangyitixieyulongwcijunsi报君黄金台上意，提携玉龙为君死。22、赤壁（唐）杜牧zhejichonshotiewcixiaozijiangmoxircnqianchao折戟沉沙铁未销，自将磨洗认前朝。ddngfcngbuyuzhduldngbiantongqucchunshensudcrqiao东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔。23、泊秦淮（唐）杜牧yonlonghanshuiyuclongshayeboqinhuaijinjiujia烟笼寒水月笼沙，夜泊秦淮近酒家。shangnubuzhiwangguohengejiangyouchanghoutinghua商女不知亡国恨，隔江犹唱后庭花。24、夜雨寄北（唐）李商隐junwenguiqiweiyouqibashanyeyuzhangqiuchi君问归期未有期，巴山夜雨涨秋池。hedanggongjianxichuangzhuquohuabashanyeyushi何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时。25、无题（唐）李商隐xiangjidnshinanbi6ylnandongfengwu11baihuac6n相见时难别亦难，东风无力百花残。chuncdnddosisifangjinIdjuch6nghul16ishigan春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干。xiaojingddnch6uyunbingdiydyinylngjueyu6guanghdn晓镜但愁云鬓改，夜吟应觉月光寒。p6ngshanclquwuduoluqlngniaoyinqinw^itdnkan蓬山此去无多路，青鸟殷勤为探看。26、相见欢（南唐）李煜wuydndushangxl16uyudrugou无言独上西楼，月如钩。jimdwut6ngshenyudnsudqlngqiu寂寞梧桐深院锁清秋。jianbududnIIhailudnshi11ch6u剪不断，理还乱，是离愁,bi6shiylfanzlweizaixlnt6u别是一番滋味在心头。27、渔家傲-秋思（宋）李清照sdixidqiulaifengjingyihGngydngyanquwuliuylsimidnbiansheng塞下秋来风景异，衡阳雁去无留意。四面边声lianjidoqlqianzhdngIIchangyanludriguchGngbl连角起，千嶂里，长烟落日孤城闭。zhu6jiuylbeijiawanIIyanrdnw6i16gulwujiqianggudnyouyou浊酒一杯家万里，燕然未勒归无计。羌管悠悠shuangmandir6nbumeijiangjunbdifdzhengfu霜满地，人不寐，将军白发征夫泪。29、登飞来峰（唐）王安石feilaishanshangqianxunta飞来山上千寻塔,buwdifuyunzhewdngydn不畏浮云遮望眼,w6nshuojlmlngJianrisheng闻说鸡鸣见日升。ziyuanshenzdizuigaoc6ng百臻身在最高身。hudnxlshdsdngyanshu28、浣溪沙（宋）晏殊yiquxlncijiuylbeiqunidntianqljiutingtdixlydngxlxidjl一曲新词酒一杯。去年天气旧亭台。夕阳西下几shlhui时向?wuk。ndihGhualudqu无可奈何花落去,sic^ngxiangshlyangulIdixiaoyuanxiangjing似曾相识燕归来。小园香径dupaihudi独徘徊。30、江城子•密州出猎（宋）苏轼laofulidofashdonidnkuangzudqianhudngyduqlngcangjinmdodiaoqiO老夫聊发少年狂，左牵黄，右擎苍，锦帽貂裘,qianjljuanplnggangbdoqlngch6ngsultaishduqlnshdhukdnsun千骑卷平冈。为报倾城随太守，亲射虎，看孙16ngjiuhanxiongdanshangkaizhangblnweishuangyduh6fdngchi郎。酒酣胸胆尚开张。鬓微霜，又何妨！持ji6yunzhongh6riqianf^ngtdnghuiwandiaogongrumanyudxlb6i节云中，何日遣冯唐？会挽雕弓如满月，西北wdngshetianIdng望，射天狼。31、水调歌头（宋）苏轼bingch^nzhongqiuhuanyindddandazulzudclpianjianhudizl丙辰中秋，欢饮达旦，大醉，作此篇，兼怀子y6u由。mlngyudjlshlydubdjiuwdnqlngtianbuzhltianshanggdngqu6jin明月几时有？把酒问青天。不知天上宫阙，今xlshlh6nidnwdyuch^ngfenggulquydukdngqidng16uyuyugao夕是何年。我欲乘风归去，又恐琼楼玉宇，高chubushdnghdnqlwundngqlngylngh6sizair^njian处不胜寒。起舞弄清影，何似在人间。zhudnzhudiqlhuzhdowumianbuylngyduh6nh6shlchdng转朱阁，低绮户，照无眠。不应有恨，何事长xiangbi6shlyudnr^nydubeihuan11h6yu6yduyinqlngyudnQuecl向别时圆？人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺，此shlgtindnqudnddnyudnr6nchdngjiOqianIIgdngchdnjuan事古难全。但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。32、渔家傲（宋）李清tianjieyuntaolidnxiaowu天接云涛连晓雾,guldlsudtianyO归帝所。闻天语,wdbdoluchdngjierlmu我报路长嗟日暮,p6ngzhOngjiufengxiuzhu鹏正举。风休住,xlngh6yuzhudnqianfanwufdngfumenghun星河欲转千帆舞。仿佛梦魂yinqlnwdnwdgulh6chu殷勤问我归何处。xu6shlmanydujlngr6njujiOwdnIIfeng学诗谩有惊人句。九万里风p6ngzhouchulqdsanshanqu蓬舟吹取三山去！33、游山西村（宋）陆游mdxiaondngjiaIdjinhun莫笑农家腊酒浑,fengnidnliuk6zUjltun丰年留客足鸡豚。shanchdngshulfuylwulu山重水复疑无路,liuanhuamingyduyicun柳暗花明文一村Oxiaoguzhulsulchunshejin箫鼓追随春社近,ylguanjianpOgUfengcun衣冠简朴古风存。c6ngjinrudxOxianch6ngyue从今若许闲乘月,zhuzhangwushly6kdun）6n拄杖无时夜叩门。34、南乡子•登京口北固亭怀古（宋）辛弃疾qianguxingwdng千古兴亡tianxidylngxi6ng天下英雄h6chuwangsh6nzhoumanyanfengguangb$igu16u何处望神州？满眼风光北固楼。duoshdoshlyouyoubujinchdngjianggungunliu多少事？悠悠。不尽长江滚滚流。nidnshdowandoum6uzuddudndongnanzhanweixiu年少万兜鎏，坐断东南战未休。shuidlsh6ucaoliushengzldangrOsunzhdngm6u谁敌手？曹刘。生子当如孙仲谋。35、破阵子•为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之（宋）辛弃疾zul11tidodengkdnjidnmenghulchuljidolidnylngbabaiIIfenhul醉里挑灯看剑，梦回吹角连营。八百里分麾xidzhlwushlxidnfansdiwdishengshachangqiudidnblng下炙，五十弦翻塞外声，沙场秋点兵。mazuddilufeikudigongrupl11xidnjlngliaoqu6junwdngtian马作的卢飞快，弓如霹雳弦惊。了却君王天xidshlylngd6shengqidnshenhdumlngk6lidnbaifdsheng下事，赢得生前身后名。可怜白发生！36、过零丁洋（宋）文天祥xlnkuzaofGngqlyljlnggangelidoludsizhouxlng辛苦遭逢起一经，干戈寥落四周星。shanhCpdsulfengpiaoxushenshlfuch^nyuddping山河破碎风飘絮，身世浮沉雨打萍。hudngkdngtant6ushuohudngkdnglingdingydngIItdnlingding惶恐滩头说惶恐，零丁洋里叹零丁。r6nshengzlgijshulwusiliuqudanxlnzhaohdnqlng人生自古谁无死？留取丹心照汗青。38、山坡羊•潼关怀古（元）张养浩PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#fengludnrujubotaordnushanh6biaoIIt6ngguanluwdngxldu峰峦如聚，波涛如怒，山河表里潼关路。望西都,ylch6uchushangxlnqinhdnjlngxlngchugongqu6wanjiandouzudletu意踌躇。伤心秦汉经行处，宫阙万间都做了土。xlngbaixlngkuwdngbdixlngkO兴，百姓苦；亡，百姓苦。39、己亥杂诗（清）龚自珍hdodangIIch6ubdirlxidyinbiandongzhljitianyd浩荡离愁白日斜，吟鞭东指即天涯。ludh6ngbushiwuqlngwuhuazudchunnigdnghuhua落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。40、满江红（清）秋瑾xidozhujlnghudz6oydushlzhongQiujiaji6wdi11xid小住京华，早又是，中秋佳节。为篱下，hudnghuakaibidnqiur6ngrushlsimidngecdnzhongpdchiibanidn黄花开遍，秋容如拭。四面歌残终破楚，八年fengw6itusizhdkOjiangn6ngqidngpaizud6m6ishuweixid风味徒思浙。苦将侬，强派作蛾眉，殊未屑！shenbud6ndn6rlidxlnqudblndn6rlidsudnplngsheng身不得，男儿列。心却比，男儿烈！算平生gandanyinr6nchdngr6suzlxiongjinshulshlwdylngxi6ngmdlu肝胆，因人常热。俗子胸襟谁识我？英雄末路dangm6zh6mangh6ngch^nh6chumlzhlyinqlngshanshl当磨折。莽红尘，何处觅知音？青衫湿！41、《论语》十二章zlyuexu60rshlxlzhlbuylyu6huydup^ngzlyuan子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远fangIdibuyl1。hur6nbuzhl6rbOyunbuyljunzl方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子huxu66r乎？”（《学而》）zengzlyuewurlsanxlngwushenweir6nm6u6rbuzhong曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身：为人谋而不忠huyijp6ngyoujiao6rbuxlnhuchudnbuxlhuxu6乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”（《学6r而》）zlyuewushlyduwu6rzhlyuxu6sanshl6r11si子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四shl6rbuhudwushl6rzhltianmingliushl6r6rshunqlshl6r千而不惑,五千而如天命,六千而苴取,七千而c6ngxlnsudyubuyUjOzhdng从心所欲，不逾矩。”（《为政》）zlyuewengu0rzhlxlnk$ylw6ishlylwdi子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”（《为zhdng政》）zlyuexu66rbusiz6wangsi6rbuxu6z6ddi子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”w6izheng（《为政》）zlyuexidnzaihuly。yidanshlylpiaoyinzdi子曰：“贤哉，回也！一箪食，一瓢饮，在Iduxidngr^nbukanqlyouhuiy$bugdiqlIdxidnzaihul陋巷，人不堪其忧，回也不改其乐。贤哉，回y3yongy。也！“（《雍也》）zlyuezhlzhlzh6buruhdozhlzhUhaozhlzh6buru16子曰：“知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐zhlzh。yongy6之者。”（《雍也》）zlyuefanshushlyinshulqugong6rzh$nzhl16ylzdi子曰：“饭疏食饮水，曲肱而枕之，乐亦在qizhongylbOyl6rfuqi$gulyuwdrufuyunshu6r其中矣。不义而富且贵，于我如浮云。”《述而》zlyuesanr6nxlngblyduwdshlyanz6qishanzh。6r子曰：“三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而c6ngzhlqibushanzh46rgaizhlshu从之，其不善者而改之。”（《述而》）zlzdichuanshdngyueshlzh6rusifubush$zhduy6子在川上，曰：“逝者如斯夫！不舍昼夜。”zlhdn《子罕》zlyuesanjunk6du6shuaiy6plfubuk。du6zhly6子曰：“三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。”zlhdn《子罕》zlxidyueb6xu66rduzhlqi6w^n6rjinsir6nzai子夏曰：“博学而笃志，切问而近思，仁在qizhongylzlzhang其中矣。”《子张》42、曹刿论战《左传》shlnidnchunqlshlfdwdgongjiangzhancdogulQingjidn十年春，齐师伐我。公将战，曹刿请见。qixiangr6nyue其乡人曰:rdushlzh。m6uzhl“肉食者谋之,yduh6jianyanguiyue又何间焉？”刿曰:rdushlzh。blw^in^ngyudnm6unairujidn“肉食者鄙，未能远谋。”乃入见。PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#w@nh6ylzhdngongyueylshisudanfugdn问：“何以战？”公曰：“衣食所安，弗敢zhuany。biylfen"ndulyuexiaohuiweibianmlnfuc6ng专也，必以分人。”对曰：“小惠未诵，民弗从y6gongyuexlshengyub6fugdnJiay。blylxln也。”公曰：“牺牲玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信。”duiyuexidoxlnweifush6nfufuy6gongyuexiaoddzhl对曰：“小信未孚，神弗福也。”公曰：“小大之yusulbun6ngchdblylqlngdulyuezhongzhlshuy3狱，虽不能察，必以情。"对曰：“忠之属也。k$ylylzhanzhdnz6qlngc6ng可以一战。战则请从。”gongyuzhlch6ngzhdnyuchdngshdogongjianggOzhlgulyue公与之乘，战于长勺。公将鼓之。刿曰：w^ik。qlr6nsangugulyuek。ylqlshibaijl“未可。”齐人三鼓。刿曰：“可矣。”齐师败绩。gongjiangchizhlguiyuewdixidshiqlzh6dengshi6r公将驰之。刿曰：“未可。”下视其辙，登轼而wangzhlyuek6ylsulzhuqlshi望之，曰：“可矣。”遂逐齐师。jlkegongwenqlgudulyuefuzhanydngq!y。既克，公问其故。对曰：“夫战，勇气也。ylguzudqlzdishuaisan6rji6blji6wdyfngguk6一鼓作气，再而衰，三而竭。彼竭我盈，故克zhlfuddgu6ndnc。y6juydufUyanwushiqlzh6luan之。夫大国，难测也，惧有伏焉。吾视其辙乱,wangqlqlmlguzhuzhl望其旗靡，故逐之。”43、孟子三则A、鱼我所欲也《孟子》yuwdsu6yuy6xidngzhangylwdsudyuy6erzh。鱼，我所欲也；熊掌，亦我所欲也。二者buk。d6jiansh$yu6rquxi6ngzhangzh。y6shengyiwdsudyu不可得兼，舍鱼而取熊掌者也。生，亦我所欲y5ylylwdsudyuy6zh6buk6d6Jiansh6sheng6r也；义，亦我所欲也。二者不可得兼，舍生而quylzh占y。shengyiw6sudyusudyuydushenyushengzh5取义者也。生，亦我所欲，所欲有甚于生者，gubuw6igdudey6siylwdsudwusudwuydushenyusizh6故不为苟得也；死亦我所恶，所恶有甚于死者,guhuanydusudbubly6rushlr6nzhlsudyumdshenyushengz6故患有所不辟也。如使人之所欲莫甚于生，则fdnk。yldeshengzhUh6buydngy。shlr6nzhlsudwumdshenyu凡可以得生者，何不用也？使人之所恶莫甚于sizh。z6fdnk占ylblhudnzh6h6buwdiy6y6ushlzGsheng死者，则凡可以辟患者，何不为也？由是则生6rydubuydngy6y6ushlz6k6ylblhudn6rydubuw6iy$shlgu而有不用也，由是则可以辟患而有不为也。是故su6yuy6ushenyushengzh6sudwuydushdnyusizhSfeiduxidnzh。所欲有甚于生者，所恶有甚于死者。非独贤者ydushlxlny。r6njieyduzhlxidnzh$n6ngwusdng6r有是心也，人皆有之，贤者能勿丧耳。yidanshlylddugengd6zhlz6shengfud6z6si一箪食，一豆羹，得之则生，弗得则死。hu$r0ryOzhlxlngdaozhlr6nfushducu6r6ryUzhlqlr^n噱尔而与之，行道之人弗受；蹴尔而与之，乞人buxidy。wdnzhongz6bubidnIIyl6rshduzhlwdnzhongyuwdh6不屑也。万钟则不辩礼义而受之，万钟于我何jiayanweigongshlzhlm6iqlqidzhlf6ngsudshlqi6ngfdzh6d6加焉！为宫室之美，妻妾之奉，所识穷乏者得wdyuxidngshensi6rbushdujingongshlzhlm$iweizhl我与？乡为身死而不受，今为宫室之美为之；xidngw6ishensi0rbushdujinweiqlqidzhlfengw6izhlxidngshen乡为身死而不受，今为妻妾之奉为之；乡为身si6rbushdujinweisudshlqi6ngfdzh6dewdGrw6izhlshlyi死而不受，今为所识穷乏者得我而为之：是亦buylylhuclzhlweishlqlbOnxln不可以已乎？此之谓失其本心。B、富贵不能淫《孟子》jlngchunyuegongsunydnzhangylqlbuchGngdazhdngfuzai景春曰:“公孙衍、张仪岂不成大丈夫哉？yinu6rzhuh6ujuanju6rtianxidxl一怒而诸侯惧，安居而天下熄。”mdngzlyueshlyand£w6iddzhdngfuhuzlweixu6II孟子曰：“是焉得为大丈夫乎？子未学礼huzhdngfuzhlguany。fumlngzhlnOzlzhljidmumlng乎？丈夫之冠也，父命之；女子之嫁也，母命zhlwdngsdngzhlm6nji6zhlyuewangzhlrujiabljlngblji6之，往送之门，戒之曰：'往之女家，必敬必戒,wuw^ifuzlylshunw6izh6ngzh§qi2fuzhldaoy6jutianxia无违夫子！'以顺为正者，妾妇之道也。居天下zhlguangju11tianxidzhlzhengweixingtianxiazhlddddoddzhl之广居，立天下之正位，行天下之大道。得志,yumlny6uzhlbud6zhlduxingqldaofugulbun6ngyinpin与民由之，不得志，独行其道。富贵不能淫，贫jianbun0ngylweiwubun6ngquclzhlweiddzhdngfu贱不能移，威武不能屈，此之谓大丈夫。C、生于忧患死于安乐《孟子》shunfayuquanmuzhlzhdngfuyuejuyubanzhuzhljianjiao舜发于吠亩之中，傅说举于版筑之间，胶jijyuyuydnzhlzhdnggudnylwujuyushisunshudojuyu鬲举于鱼盐之中，管夷吾举于士，孙叔敖举于hdibdiIIxljuyushigutianJiangjidngdardnyusirdny6海，百里奚举于市，故天将降大任于斯人也，bixiankuqlxlnzhlIdoqIjingu6qltlfukongfdqishen必先苦其心志,劳其筋骨，饿其体肤,空乏其身,xingfuluanqlsudw6isudylddngxlnr$nxingzengylqlsudbun6ng行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。r6nh6nggudrdnhdun6nggaikunyuxlnh6ngyu106rhdu人恒过，然后能改，困于心，衡于虑，而后zudzhengyus。fayushenghduyuruz6wufdjiablshi作，征于色，发于声而后喻。入则无法家拂士,chuz6wudigu6waihudnzh5出则无敌国外患者,gu6hGngwdngranhduzhlshengyuyouhuan国恒亡，然后知生于忧患6rsiyuan16y6而死手安东也。44、《庄子》一则逍遥游（节选）b$imlngyduyuqlmlngwcikunkunzhlddbuzhlqijlqian北冥有鱼，其名为鳏。鲸之大，不知其几千IIy。hud6rw6iniaoqimlngp6ngp6ngzhlbdibuzhlqijl里也。化而为鸟，其名为鹏。鹏之背，不知其几qianIIy。nu6rfeiqiylrudchultianzhlyunshlniaohai千里也。怒而飞，其翼若垂天之云。是鸟也，海yunz6jiangxlyundnmlngndnmlngzh$tianchiy6qlxi6zh$运则将徙于南冥。南冥者，天池也。齐谐者，zhlguaizh。y。xi6zhlydnyuepCngzhlxlyundnmlngy&shuljl志怪者也。谐之言曰：“鹏之徙于南冥也，水击sanqian11tudnfuydo6rshangzh。jiuwanIIquylliuyu6xlzh3三千里，拎扶摇而上者九万里，去以六月息者y。y。mdch6naiy。shengwuzhlylxlxiangchuly。tian也。”野马也，尘埃也，生物之以息相吹也。天zhlcangcangqlzhdngs。yGqiyudn6rwusudzhljly6qlshl之苍苍，其正色邪？其远而无所至极邪？其视xidy。ylrudshiz6ylyl下也，亦若是则已矣。45、《礼记》一则虽有佳肴sulydujiaydofushi虽有佳肴，弗食,buzhlqlzhly6不知其旨也;sulyduzhldao虽有至道,fuxu6buzhlqishdny6shiguxu6rdnhduzhlbuzujiaordn弗学，不知其善也。是故学然后知不足，教然hduzhlkunzhlbuzurdnhdu116ngzifdny。zhlkunrdnhdu后知困。知不足，然后能自反也，知困，然后n6ngziqidngy。guyuejiaoxu6xiangzhdngdulmlngyue能自强也。故曰：教学相长也。《兑命》曰：xu6xu6bdnqlclzhlw6ihu“学学半”，其此之谓乎！46、《列子》一则伯牙善鼓琴boydshdngijqlnzhongzlqishdntingb6ydguqinzhl伯牙善鼓琴，钟子期善听。伯牙鼓琴，志zdigaoshanzhongziqIyueshdnzai66xirudtdishan在高山，钟子期曰：“善哉，峨峨兮若泰山！”zhizdiliushulzhongziqIyueshanzaiydngydngxlrudjiangh6志在流水，钟子期曰「善哉，洋洋兮若江河！”b6ydsudnidnzhongzlqlbld6zhlb6ydy6uyutaishanzhlyin伯牙所念，钟子期必得之。伯牙游于泰山之阴,ciif6ngbaoyuzhlyuyanxidxlnbeinaiyuanqin6rguzhl卒逢暴雨，止于岩下；心悲，乃援琴而鼓之。chuweillnyuzhlcaogBngzdobengshanzhlyinqumeizduzhongzl初为霖雨之操，更造崩山之音。曲每奏，钟子qlzh6qi6ngqlqub6ydndish。qin6rtanyueshanzaishdnzai期辄穷其趣。伯牙乃舍琴而叹曰:“善哉，善哉,zlzhltingfuzhlxidngxiangy6uwuxlny$wuyuh6tdosheng子之听夫！志想象犹吾心也。吾于何逃声zai哉？”47、邹忌讽齐王纳谏《战国策》zoujlxiubachiyduyu6rxingmaoylIIzhaofuylguan邹忌修八尺有余，而形貌映丽。朝服衣冠,kuljingweiqiqlyuewdshuyuchGngbOixugongm$iqlql窥镜，谓其妻曰：“我孰与城北徐公美？”其妻yuejun破ish^nxOgongh6n6ngjijiiny。chGngb6ixugong曰：“君美甚，徐公何能及君也？”城北徐公,qlgu6zhlm$i11zh6y6jlbuzlxln6rfuwenqlqi6yue齐国之美丽者也。忌不自信，而复问其妾曰：wushuyijxugongmOiqi6yuexugongh6n6ngjljun“吾孰与徐公美？”妾曰：“徐公何能及君y6ddnrikec6ngwaiIdiyijzudtdnwenzhlk6yue也？”旦日，客从外来，与坐谈，问之客曰：wuyuxugongshu破ikdyuexugongburudjunzhlm§i“吾与徐公孰美？”客曰：“徐公不若君之美y6mingrixugonglaishushlzhlzlylw6iburukuljing也。”明日徐公来，孰视之，自以为不如；窥镜6rzishlydufuruyuansh^nmuqin6rsizhlyuewiiql而自视，又弗如远甚。暮寝而思之，曰：“吾妻zhlmOiw6zh6siwdydqidzhlm^iwdzh。wdiwdy6ke之美我者，私我也；妾之美我者，畏我也；客zhlm$iwdzh6yuy6uqiuyuwdy6之美我者，欲有求于我也JyushlruchdojidnweiwdngyuechGnch6ngzhlburuxugong于是入朝见威王，曰：“臣诚知不如徐公chGnzhlqlsichGnch6nzhlqi6weich6nch6nzhlk6yuyduQiu美。臣之妻私臣，臣之妾畏臣，臣之客欲有求yuch6njieylyuxugongjinqidifangqianIIbaiGrshlchdotingzhlch6nmdbuwdiwdng朝廷之臣莫不畏王,于臣，皆以美于徐公。今齐地方千里，百二十chGnggongfuzudydumdbusiwdng城，宫妇左右莫不私王,y6uclgudnzhlwdngzhlblshensijingzhlndimdbuyduqiuyuwang四境之内莫不有求于王:由此观之，王之蔽甚yi矣。“wdngyueshdnndixidlingqunch6n11mlnn6ngmiancigud王曰：“善。”乃下令：“群臣吏民能面刺寡r6nzhlgudzhUshdushdngshdngshangshujidngudr0nzh。shduzhongshang人之过者，受上赏；上书谏寡人者，受中赏;lingchun^ngbangjlyushichdow6ngudr6nzhlOrzh6shduxidshang能谤讥于市朝，闻寡人之耳者，受下赏。”令初xidqunch6njinjidnm6ntingrudshlshuyu6zhlhdushlshl6r下，群臣进谏，门庭若市；数月之后，时时而jidnjinjlnidnzhlhdusulyuydnwuk。jinzh$间进；期年之后，虽欲言，无可进者。yanzhao燕、赵、八、、、、hdnweiw6nzhljiechaoyuqlclsudwdizhdnsh^ngyuchdoting韩、魏闻之，皆朝于齐。此所谓战胜于朝廷。48、出师表（三国）诸葛亮xiandichudngydwdiban6rzhongddobengcujintianxidsanfen先帝创业未半而中道崩殂，今天下三分,ylzhouplblclch^ngweijlcunwdngzhlqiuy6rdnshlweizhlch6n益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣buxi6yundizhongzhlzhlshlwdngshenyuwaizh6gdizhuixiandlzhl不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之shuyuyubdozhlyubixidy6chGngyfkaizhangsh^ngtingylguang殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光xiandiyld6hulh6ngzhlshlzhlqlbuylwangzlf6ib6yin先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引yushlyl喻失义,以塞忠谏之路也。yls0zh