医学英语常用解剖术语

医学英语:常用解剖术语 来源：本站原创 更新：2008-6-25 医学英语论坛 1、总论[Introduction] •superior[上] •inferior[下] •Cranial[头侧] •Caudal[尾侧] •anterior[前] •posterior[后] •ventral[腹侧] •dorsal[背侧] •medial[内侧] •lateral[外侧] •internal[内] •external[外] •superficial[浅] •profundal[深] •proximal[近侧] •distal[远侧] •ulnar[尺侧] •radial[桡侧] •tibial[胫侧] •fibular[腓侧] 2、运动系统[locomotor (kinetic) system] •vertebrae[椎骨] •cervical vevtebrae[颈椎] •thoracic vertebrae[胸椎] •lumbar vertebrae[腰椎] •sacrum[骶骨] •sternum[胸骨] •rib[肋骨] •thoracic cage[胸廓] •skull[颅] •frontal bone[额骨] •parietal bone[顶骨] •occipital bone[枕骨] •temporal bone[颞骨] •sphenoid bone[蝶骨] •ethmoid bone[筛骨] •mandible (submaxilla)[下颌骨] •maxilla (supermaxilla)[上颌骨] •nasal bone[鼻骨] •coronal (sagital, lambdoid) suture [冠状（矢状，人字）缝] •orbit[眶] •clavicle[锁骨] •scapula (shoulder blade)[肩胛骨] •sternum (breast bone)[胸骨] •manubrium sterni (presternum)[胸骨柄] •midsternum[胸骨体] •xiphoid[剑突] •humerus[肱骨] •radius[桡骨] •ulna[尺骨] •carpal bone[腕骨] •metacarpal bone [掌骨] •phalanges[指(趾)骨] •hip bone[髋骨] •ilium[髂骨] •ischium [坐骨] •pubis[耻骨] •femur [股骨] •patella[髌骨] •tibia[胫骨] •fibula [腓骨] •articulation[关节] •ligament[韧带] •flexion[屈] •extension[伸] •adduction[收] •abduction[展] •medial rotation[旋内] •lateral rotation[旋外] •pronation[旋前] •supination[旋后] •circumductoin[环转] •vertebral column[脊柱] •intervertebral disc[椎间盘] •temporal-mandibular joint[颞下颌关节] •shoulder joint[肩关节] •elbow joint[肘关节] •radiocarpal joint[肩关节] •radiocarpal joint[桡腕关节] •pelvis[骨盆] •hip joint[髋关节] •knee joint[膝关节] •ankle joint[踝关节] •muscle [肌肉] •tendon[肌腱] •fascia[筋膜] •tendinous sheath[腱鞘] •trapezius[斜方肌] •latissimus dorsi[背阔肌] •sternocleidomastoid[胸锁乳突的] •scalenus [斜角肌] •pectoralis major[胸大肌] •intercostales[肋间肌] •diaphragm[膈肌] •inguinal canal[腹股沟管] •masseter[咬肌] •temporalis[颞肌] •deltoid[三角肌] •biceps brachii[肱二头肌] •triceps brachii[肱三头肌] •axillary fossa [腑窝] •gluteus maximus[臀大肌] •piriformis[梨状肌] •sartorius[缝匠肌] •quadriceps femoris[股四头肌] •triceps surae[小腿三头肌] •femoral triangle[股三角] 3、内脏[Viscera] •viscera[内脏] •oral cavity[口腔] •lip[唇] •cheek[颊] •palate[腭] •tooth[牙] •dentes[牙] •tongue[舌] •parotid gland[腮腺] •pharynx[咽] •esophagus[食管] •stomach gaster[胃] •duodenum[十二指肠] •jejunum[空肠] •ileum [回肠] •large intestine[大肠] •caecum[盲肠] •vermiform (appendix)[阑尾] •colon[结肠] •rectum[直肠] •anal canal[肛管] •dentate line[齿状线] •anus[肛门] •liver (hepar)[肝] •porta hepatis[肝门] •gallblader[胆囊] •pancreas[胰] •nose[鼻] •nasal cavity[鼻腔] •paranasal sinus[鼻旁窦] •larynx[喉] •laryngeal cavity[喉腔] •vocal cord[声带] •trachea[气管] •bronchi[支气管] •lung [肺] •pulmonary[肺的] •pleura[胸膜] •mediastinum[纵隔] •kidney[肾] •renal pilvis[肾盂] •ureter[输尿管] •urinary bladder[膀胱] •urethra[尿道] •testis[睾丸] •epididymis[附睾] •ductus deferens[输精管] •spermatic cord[精索] •prostate[前列腺] •scrotum[阴囊] •penis[阴茎] •ovary[卵巢] •uterine tube[输卵管] •uterus[子宫] •vagina[阴道] •clitoris[阴蒂] •mamma (breast)[乳房] •mammary papilla (nipple)[乳头] •perineum[会阴] •pelvic diaphragm[盆膈] •peritoneum[腹膜] •omentum[网膜] 4、心血管系统[Cardiovascular system] •heart[心]医学全在线www.med126.com •artery[动脉] •vein[静脉] •capillary[毛细血管] •atrium[心房] •ventricle[心室] •tricuspid valve[三尖瓣] •bicuspid valve[二尖瓣] •aortic valve[主动脉瓣] •pulmonary valve[肺动脉瓣] •sinuatrial node[窦房结] •atrioventricular node[房室结] •atrioventricular bundle[房室束] •right/left bundle branch[右/左束支] •coronary artery[冠状动脉] •coronary sinus[冠状窦] •pericardium[心包] •aorta[主动脉] •innominate artery[无名动脉(头臂干)] •common carotid artery[颈总动脉] •carotid sinus [颈动脉窦] •internal(external) carotid artery[颈内(外)动脉] •facial artery[面动脉] •subclavian artery[锁骨下动脉] •mesenteric artery[肠系膜动脉] •common iliac artery[髂总动脉] •popliteal artery [腘动脉] •vena cava [腔静脉] •internal jugular vein[颈内静脉] •cephalic vein[头静脉] •basilic vein[贵要静脉] •saphenous vein[隐静脉] •lymphatic duct[淋巴导管] •thoracic duct[胸导管] •lymph node[淋巴结] •spleen[脾] •thymus[胸腺] 5、感觉器[sense organs] •sensory organ[感觉器] •receptor[感受器] •visual organ[视器] •eyeball [眼球] •cornea[角膜] •sclera[巩膜] •choroid [脉络膜] •ciliary body[睫状体] •iris[虹膜] •retina[视网膜] •optic disc[视神经盘] •macula lutea[黄斑] •aqueous humor[房水] •lens[晶状体] •vitreous body[玻璃体] •eyelid [眼睑] •conjunctiva[结膜] •lacrimal gland[泪腺] •vestibulocochlear organ[前庭蜗器] •ear( auris) [耳] •auricle[耳廓] •acoustic meatus[耳道] •tympanic cavity[鼓室] •tympanic membrane[鼓膜] •pharyngotympanic tube [咽鼓管] •bony(membranous) labyrinth[骨(膜)迷路] •vestibule [前庭] •semicircular canal[半规管] •cochlea[耳蜗] •cochlear duct[蜗管] •olfactory organ[嗅器] •gustatory organ[味器] •taste bud[味蕾] •skin[皮肤] 6、神经系统[Nervous system] •central nervous system[中枢神经系统] •peripheral nervous system[周围神经系统] •visceral nerve[内脏神经] •afferent nerve[传入神经] •efferent nerve[传出神经] •neuron[神经元] •axon [轴突] •dendrite[树突] •glia [神经胶质] •gray matter [灰质] •white matter[白质] •cortex[皮质] •madulla[髓质] •nucleus[神经质] •ganglion[神经节] •fasciculus[神经束] •nerve[神经] •spinal nerve[脊神经] •cervical plexus[颈丛] •brachial plexus[臂丛] •lumbar plexus[腰丛] •sacral plexus [骶丛] •phrenic nerve[膈神经] •median nerve[正中神经] •ulnar nerve[尺神经] •radial nerve[桡神经] •femoral nerve[股神经] •ischiatic nerve[坐骨神经] •common peroneal nerve[腓总神经] •cranial nerve[颅(脑)神经] •olfactory nerve[嗅神经] •optic nerve[视神经] •oculomotor nerve[动眼神经] •trochlear nerve[滑车神经] •trigeminal verve[三叉神经] •abducent nerve[展神经] •facial nerve[面神经]医.学 全,在.线,提供www.med126.com •vestibulocochlear nerve[前庭蜗神经] •glossopharyngeal nerve[舌咽神经] •vagus nerve[迷走神经] •accessary nerve[副神经] •hypoglossal nerve[舌下神经] •autonomic nervous system[自主神经] •vegetative nervous system[植物神经] •sympathetic nerve[交感神经] •parasympathetic nerve[副交感神经] •spinal cord[脊髓] •encephalon (brain)[脑] •brain stem[脑干] •medulla oblongata[延髓] •pons [脑桥] •mesencephalon[中脑] •midbrain[中脑] •cerebellum[小脑] •diencephalon[间脑] •thalamus[丘脑] •hypothalamus[下丘脑] •hypophysis[垂体] •telencephalon[端脑] •cerebrum[大脑] •cerebral cortex[大脑皮质] •corpus striatum[纹状体] •internal capsule[内囊] •spinothalamic tract[皮质脊髓束] •medial lemniscus[内侧丘系] •lateral lemniscus[外侧丘系] •spinal lemniscus[脊髓丘系] •trigeminal lemniscus[三叉丘系] 7、体 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 标记[Anatomic marks] •naso-labial groove[鼻唇沟] •suprasternal fossa[胸骨上窝] •supraclavicular fossa[锁骨上窝] •infraclavicular fossa[锁骨下窝] •armpit (axillary fossa)[腋窝] •midsternal (midian) line[胸骨中线（正中线）] •anterior midian line[前正中线] •parasternal line[胸骨旁线] •midclavicular line[锁骨中线] •mammillary (nipple, milk) line[乳线] •posterior (mid-, anterior) axillary line[腋后（中，前）线] •scapular line[肩胛线] •midspinal line[脊柱中线] •dorsomedian line[后正中线] •linea paravertebralis [脊椎旁线] •the left (right) upper abdomen (quadrant)[左（右）上腹] •epigastrium[上腹部] •the middle abdomen[中腹部] •the lower abdomen[下腹部] •linea pararectalis[腹直肌旁线] •anterior superior spine[髂前上棘] •symphysis pubis (symphysion)[耻骨联合] •ischial tuberosity[坐骨结节] •groin (inguen)[腹股沟] •popliteal fossa[腘窝] •upper extremity(limb)[上肢] •lower extremity(limb)[下肢] •posterior superior spine[髂后上嵴] •anterior (dorsal) part of chest(前（后）胸部) •scapular region[肩胛区] •anterior (posterior) fontanelle[前（后）囱]