泰国道路运输(英文)

泰国道路运输(英文) Thai highway network Main article: Thai highway network The Thai highway network links every part of Thailand. The four lane highways often have overhead concrete pedestrian crossings interspersed about every 250 meters in populated areas. There are no on and off ramps, highways are separated by median with breakage for U-turns, except in Bangkok where ramp style U-turns predominate. A number of undivided two lane highways have been converted into divided four-lane highways, greatly enhancing safety and speed. A Bangkok - Chon Buri motorway (Route 7) now links to the new airport and Eastern Seaboard. Types of highways The 1992 Highway Act (Thai: ???????????????????? ?.?. 2535), revised as the 2006 Highway Act (Thai: ???????????????????? (??????? 2) ?.?. 2549), [3]defines the following five highway types: A special highway (Thai: ????????????) or motorway is a high capacity highway designed for high speed traffic, for which the Department of Highways carries out construction, expansion, upkeep and repairs, and is registered as such. Motorway entrances and exits have controlled access, and controlled by the DOH. Registration of motorways is overseen by the Director General of the DOH. A national highway (Thai: ??????????????) is a primary highway, part of the network connecting regions, provinces, districts, and other important destinations, for which the DOH carries out construction, expansion, upkeep and repairs. Registration of national highways is overseen by the Director General of the DOH. A rural highway (Thai: ???????????) or rural road is a highway for which the Department of Rural Roads carries out construction, expansion, upkeep and repairs. Registration of rural highways is overseen by the Director General of the DORR. A local highway (Thai: ???????????????) or local route is a highway for which the local administrative organization carries out construction, expansion, upkeep and repairs. Registration of rural highways is overseen by the provincial governor. A concession highway (Thai: ??????????????) is a highway for which a legal government concession has been granted. Registration of concession highways is overseen by the Director General of the DOH. Highway numbering A single digit number indicates one of the major highways connecting Bangkok to outlying [4]regions: •Route 1 (Phahonyothin Road), Northern Thailand •Route 2 (Mittraphap Road), Northeastern Thailand •Route 3 (Sukhumvit Road), Eastern Thailand •Route 4 (Phetkasem Road), Southern Thailand A two-digit number indicates a main highway for a particular region. The first digit of a highway number indicates the region of Thailand it primarily services: •Highways beginning with 1 are in northern Thailand. •Highways beginning with 2 are in northeastern Thailand. •Highways beginning with 3 are in central and eastern, as well as the upper south. •Highways beginning with 4 are in southern Thailand. For example, Route 22 is a main highway in the northeast that runs between Udon Thani and [4]Nakhon Phanom. A three-digit number indicates a secondary highway. For example, Route 202 is a secondary highway in the northeast that runs between Chaiyaphum and Khemarat; Route 314 is a secondary [4]highway in the central region, between Bang Pakong and Cha Choeng Sao. A four-digit number indicates an intra-province highway connecting the provincial capital to the districts, or to important sites in the province. For example, Route 1001 is a northern highway that runs between Route 11 Intersection and Amphoe Phrao; Route 4006 is a southern highway that [4]runs between Route 4 Intersection (Ratchakrut) and Lang Suan. [edit] Highways by region [edit] Northern Thailand Bridge construction on route 108 • Route 1 (Phahon Yothin Road) : Bangkok – Chiang Rai and continuing to Tachilek, Burma as • Route 11 : In Buri, Sing Buri – Chiang Mai • Route 12 : Tak – Khon Kaen as and continues into northeastern Thailand superseding Route 2042 : Somdet, Kalasin-Mukdahan • Route 101 : Kamphaeng Phet – Nan • Route 102 : Si Satchanalai, Sukhothai – Uttaradit • Route 103 : Rong Kwang, Phrae – Ngao, Lampang • Route 104 : Kosamphi Nakhon, Kamphaeng Phet – Tak • Route 105 : Tak – Mae Sariang, Mae Hong Son • Route 106 : Thoen, Lampang – Chiang Mai • Route 107 : Chiang Mai – Mae Ai, Chiang Mai • Route 108 : Chiang Mai – Mae Hong Son • Route 109 : Fang, Chiang Mai – Mae Suai, Chiang Rai • Route 110 : Chiang Rai – Mae Sai, Chiang Rai (now superseded by Route 1) • Route 111 : Phichit – Sak Lek, Phichit • Route 112 (now superseded by Route 11) • Route 113 : Phichit – Phetchabun • Route 114 : Lamphun town route • Route 115 : Kamphaeng Phet - Phichit • Route 116 • Route 117 : Nakhon Sawan – Phitsanulok • Route 118 • Route 119 • Route 120 • Route 121 : Chiang Mai Outer Ring Road • Route 122 : Nakhon Sawan Bypass Road • Route 123 • Route 125 : Sukhothai Bypass Road • Route 126 : Phitsanulok Bypass Road [edit] Northeastern Thailand• Route 2 (Mittraphap Road, Thai: ??????????) : Saraburi–Nong Khai as . • Route 21 (Khotchaseni Road, Thai: ???????????) : Saraburi–Phetchabun. • Route 22 (Nittayo Road, ????????) : Udon Thani–Nakhon Phanom as . • Route 23 (Chaeng Sanit Road, ???????????) : Ban Phai, Khon Kaen–Ubon Ratchathani. • Route 24 (Sathonlamak Road, ??????????) : Nakhon Ratchasima–Ubon Ratchathani. • Route 201 : Sikhio, Nakhon Ratchasima–Chiang Khan, Loei • Route 202 (Arunprasert Road, Thai: ???????????????) : Chaiyaphum– Khemarat, Ubon Ratchathani • Route 203 : Lom Sak, Phetchabun–Loei • Route 205 (Suranarai Road, Thai: ?????????????) : Lopburi–Nakhon Ratchasima • Route 207 : Phon, Khon Kaen-Non Daeng, Nakhon Ratchasima via Ban Mai Chaiyaphot, Buriram • Route 208 : Maha Sarakham-Khon Kaen (Tambon Tha Phra) • Route 209 : Khon Kaen-Yang Talat, Kalasin (now superseded by Route 12) • Route 210 : Wang Saphung, Loei–Udon Thani • Route 211 : Chiang Khan, Loei–Nong Khai • Route 212 (Chayanggoon, Thai: ??????????) : Nong Khai–Ubon Ratchathani • Route 213 (Thinanon Road, Thai: ???????????) : Maha Sarakham–Sakon Nakhon (now superseded by Route 12 only Yang Talat-Somdet) • Route 214 : Kalasin–Chong Chom, Kap Choeng, Surin • Route 215 : Roi Et–Tha Tum, Surin • Route 217 : Warin Chamrap-Sirindhorn (Ubon Ratchatani) • Route 218 : Mueang Buriram-Nang Rong (Buriram) • Route 219 : Borabue, Maha Sarakham-Ban Kruat, Buriram • Route 222 : Phang Khon, Sakon Nakhon-Bueng Kan • Route 223 : Sakon Nakhon-That Phanom, Nakhon Phanom • Route 224 : Nakhon Ratchasima–Kap Choeng, Surin • Route 225 : Chaiyaphum-Phetchabun-Nakhon Sawan • Route 226 : Nakhon Ratchasima–Ubon Ratchathani • Route 227 : Kalasin-Phang Khon, Sakon Nakhon • Route 228 : Chum Phae, Khon Kaen–Mueang Nong Bua Lamphu • Route 229 : Kaeng Khro, Chaiyaphum–Mancha Khiri, Khon Kaen • Route 230 (Mueang Khon Kaen Ring Road) • Route 231 (Mueang Ubon Ratchathani Ring Road) • Route 232 (Mueang Roi Et Ring Road) • Route 288 (Mueang Buriram Ring Road) • Route 290 (Mueang Nakhon Ratchasima Ring Road) • Route 2042 : Somdet, Kalasin-Mukdahan (now superseded by Route 12) • Route 2169 (Warirachadet Road ?????????????): Yasothon Route 23-Bypass north to Amphoe Sai Mun–Kut Chum–Thai Charoen–Loeng Nok Tha–Route 2047, thence east 5 km to NS Route 212. [edit] Central Thailand including eastern region • Route 3 (Sukhumvit Road) : Bangkok–Trat as . • Route 31 (Vibhavadi Rangsit Road) : Bangkok–Pathum Thani. • Route 32 Ayutthaya–Nakhon Sawan as . • Route 33 (Suwannason Road, Thai: ???????????) : Saraburi–Sa Kaeo as . • Route 34 (Bang Na Expressway) : part of the Bang Na-Trat highway, Bangkok– Chachoengsao as . • Route 35 (Rama II Road, Thai: ????????? 2) : Bangkok–Phetchaburi as . • Route 304 : Pak Kret, Nonthaburi–Nakhon Ratchasima as . • Route 305 : Rangsit–Nakhon Nayok. • Route 306 • Route 307 • Route 308 • Route 309 • Route 310 • Route 311 • Route 314 • Route 315 • Route 316 • Route 317 • Route 318 • Route 319 • Route 320 • Route 321 • Route 322 • Route 323 • Route 324 • Route 325 • Route 326 • Route 327 • Route 329 • Route 330 • Route 331 • Route 332 • Route 333 • Route 334 • Route 335 • Route 336 • Route 338 • Route 340 • Route 341 • Route 343 • Route 344 • Route 345 • Route 346 • Route 347 • Route 348 • Route 349 • Route 350 • Route 351 • Route 352 • Route 356 • Route 357 • Route 359 • Route 361 • Route 362 • Route 364 • Route 3278 (Seri Thai Road, Thai: ??????????) : Min Buri-Bang Kapi (Bangkok). • Route 3312 (Lam Luk Ka Road, Thai: ??????????) : Rangsit-Lam Luk Ka (Pathum Thani). [edit] Southern Thailand• Route 4 (Phetkasem Road) : Bangkok–Sadao via Hat Yai. • Route 41 : Chumphon–Phattalung. • Route 42 : Songkhla–Narathiwat. • Route 43 : Songkhla–Pattani. • Route 44 : Krabi–Surat Thani. • Route 401 : Phang Nga–Nakhon Si Thammarat. • Route 402 • Route 403 • 20px Route 404 • 20px Route 406 • 20px Route 407 • 20px Route 408 • 20px Route 409 • 20px Route 410 • 20px Route 411 • 20px Route 412 • 20px Route 414 • 20px Route 415 • 20px Route 417 • 20px Route 418 • Route 4012 : a short route between Ban Tha Pae and Nakhon Si Thammarat Town. • Route 4054 (Padang Besar-Sadao Highway) : Padang Besar–Songkhla. • Route 4106 (Pattani-Betong Highway) : Pattani–Betong. • Route 4184 (Wang Prachan Road) (Sadao). [edit] Thai motorway network Main article: Thai motorway network The Thai motorway network is small. Coupled with Bangkok's extensive expressway network, the motorways provide a relief from regular traffic in Bangkok. The Thai Government is planning infrastructure investment in various "megaprojects", including motorway expansion to approximately 4,500 kilometers. Motorway route 7 Motorway from Bangkok to Chonburi in Thailand Motorway route 7 or Motorway route 7 stretches all the way from Sri Nakharin Road in Bangkok, passes Motorway route 9 (Kanchanaphisek Road), Suvarnabhumi Airport towards Pattaya nearly 150 kilometers. With separately into 2 sections. The toll section has 8 exit and/or interchange ramps, namely, Rom Klao, Lat Krabang, Bang Kwai, Bang Bo, Bang Pakong, Phan Thong, Chonburi, and Bang Phra. There is also a rest station and highway police center at Km 50. The free section of this route (former highway route 36) towards Pattaya is completed. There are also highway widening projects aimed at increasing the capacity of this route to 8-lanes. Currently, sections of this route from Sri Nakharin Road to Chonburi are 8-lanes wide. [edit] Motorway route 9 (Outer Ring Road, Kanchanaphisek) Motorway route 9 also known as the Outer Ring Road or Kanchanaphisek Road is a limited-access highway or motorway that links the outer fringes of Greater Bangkok. The eastern and southern route is toll section, which extends from Bang Pa-In through Lam Lukka, Ram Inthra, and met Motorway route 7 at Thap Chang interchange. The southern section of this motorway was completed in November 2007 which joined Bang Na-Trat Highway (Route 34) and Rama II Highway (Route 35). A project to widen the currently 4-lane motorway to 8 lanes is in progress. Thailand now has 2 operational motorways. The western route is free section, which extends from RamaII Road (Route 35) at Bang Khun Thien through Bang Khae, Chim Phli, Bang Yai, Bang Bua Thong, Pathum Thani, Sam Khok and met Phahon Yothin highway (Route 1) at Pratunam Phra-In interchange. [edit] Thai expressway network Main article: Thai expressway network Thailand uses the expressway term for the toll road or highway network. Most of expressways are elevated with some sections on the ground level. The current expressway network covers major parts of Bangkok and suburban areas. Expressways are used to avoid heavy traffic jams in Bangkok and reduce traffic time, but are sometimes congested in rush hour. 1st and 2nd stage expressways in Bangkok • 1st Stage Expressway, also Chalerm Maha nakorn Expessway: This project has a total distance of approximately 27.1 kilometers, which was constructed from the year 1981 to 1987 by the Expressway Authority of Thailand(EXAT). Chalerm Maha nakorn Expressway, the First Stage Expressway system (FES), connects the center of Bangkok to outer districts in three directions as follows: Eastward to Bang Na - Bang Pa-kaong Road and Bang Na Expressway which is the eastern gate to deep sea ports on the Eastern Seaboard of Thailand; , Kanchanaphisek Road and the route to Suvarnabhumi Airport, new Bangkok International Airport. It will be opened for service in 2006 and my Bang Na-At Narong Expressway. Southwestward to Dao Kanong and on to Rama 2 Road which also leads to Petchkasem Road, the only road heading to the Southern region of Thailand Northward to exit at Din Daeng on Vibhavadi Rangsit Road, which is the route leading to the Bangkok International Airport (Don Muang Airport). • 2nd Stage Expressway also Si Rat Expressway: Si Rat Expressway, The Second Stage Expressway System (SES), is the first large-scale construction project in Thailand which was created through the cooperation between the public and private sectors as a BTO contract (Build-Transfer-Operate) among the EXAT and Bangkok Expressway Plc.(BECL) for 30 years with a view to alleviate traffic congestion in Bangkok and surrounding areas. Si Rat Expressway is constructed as an elevated 6 traffic lane expressway for a total length of approximately 38.5 kilometers, connecting the upper areas of Bangkok, Nonthaburi and Pathum Thani at Chaeng Watthana Road to the central area of Bangkok at New Rama 9 Road and also extending to the southern area of Bangkok at Bangkhlo. The service areas are divided into Urban and Suburban networks. Sector A is a route between Ratchadapisek Road at Prachachuen to Rama 9 Road for a total distance of approximately 12.4 kilometers whereby this Sector was open for service on 2 September 1993. This route starts from Ratchadapisek Road southward to cut across the northern railway at Phaholyothin warehouse parallel to Rama 4 Road to pass Pradipat Road, Ratchavithee Road and to connect to Sector B at Payathai Interchange. The eastward route connects to the Chalerm Maha nakorn Expressway at Makkasan Interchange to cut across Ratchadapisek Road and ends at Rama 9 Road. Sector B is a route between Samsen Water Refinement Plant and Bangkhlo, continuing from Sector A at Phayathai Interchange heading southward to connect to the Chalerm Mahanakorn Expressway at Bangkhlo Interchange, for a total distance of approximately 9.4 kilometers. Since the opening of Sector B for service in the month of October 1996, there has been an inner ring road in the heart of the city, thereby successfully alleviating the traffic problems around Sathorn, Silom, Surawong and Hua Lampong, the business centers of the city. Sector C is a route in the suburban network continuing from Sector A at Ratchadapisek Road around Prachachuen heading northward up to Chaeng Watthana Road for a distance of 8 kilometers and connecting with Bang Pa-in - Pak Kret Expressway (Udon Ratthaya Expressway). This Sector and Sector A were open simultaneously on 2 September 1993 whereby this Sector rapidly alleviates the traffic flow from the inner and outer areas of the city.Sector D is a route from Rama 9 Road to Sri Nakharindra Road with a route extending from Sector A at Rama 9 Road eastward to cut across Ramkhamhaeng Road to end at Srinakharindra Road for a total distance of approximately 8.7 kilometers. The first stage from Rama 9 Road to Ramkhamhaeng Road was opened for service in December, 1998 and the second stage from Ramkhamhaeng Road to Srinakharindra Road was opened for service in March, 2000. This route connects Bangkok-Chonburi Road (Motorway) by Srinakharindra flyover which enables those motorists simply heading for Suvarnabhumi International Airport (New Bangkok International Airport) and/or to travel to eastern provinces more easily and fast. In addition, this route connects Chalong Rat Expressway (Outer Ring - Ramindra – At Narong Expressway) at Rama 9 Road which enables the motorists to go to Ramindra Road, Pattanakarn Road, and Sukhumvit Road. [edit] Bus service Buses are a major method of transportation for people and packages, and are the most popular means of long distance travel. Tour and VIP class long-distance buses tend to be luxurious, while city- and other-class buses are often very colorful with paint schemes and advertising. Bangkok city buses come in various sizes, types, and prices, from half size, full size, double length, open window, fan, and air conditioned. [edit] Alternative transport Includes tuk-tuk, taxi, van (minibus), motorbike taxi, songthaew, boats (in canals and rivers). Sathon Road From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search View of Sathon Tai Road. Sathon Road (Thai: ???????, usually Sathorn, also Satorn) is a major road that passes through Sathon district in central Bangkok, Thailand. It is an important transportation link between Phra Nakhon and Thonburi sides of Bangkok. Sathon Road is lined with skyscrapers and corporate offices, especially banking and finance related. Thai and International banks such as SMBC and Citicorp have their headquarters located along Sathon Road. Numerous 40+ story luxury condominiums line the street. It also has, along the South side, the embassies of Australia (37), Denmark (Soi 1), Germany (9), Malaysia (35), and Slovak Republic (25). The extensive Protestant Bangkok Bible College and a Roman Catholic church are in the south-west. It consists of the westbound Sathon Nuea Road (or North Sathon Road, belonging to Bang Rak district) and the eastbound Sathon Tai Road (or South Sathon Road, belonging to Sathon district) separated by Khlong Sathon. •On the south-western end of the roads is the Taksin Bridge, also commonly called Sathon Bridge, crossing the Chao Phraya River from Charoen Krung Road that borders the river. This end also has the Chao Phraya Express Boat CEN Sathon station, the terminus from which southern and northern line river-stations are numbered. Near this end the Si Rat Expressway (2nd State Expy) crosses at this end. •The north-eastern end terminates at Rama IV Road, but continues as Witthayu Road (Wireless Road) where many embassies and ambassadors residences are located, their corner having Lumphini Market on the north-east side. The ( Silom Line of the BTS Skytrain also runs along most part of this road with stations Surasak and Saphan Taksin. The skytrain extension to the other side of Chao Phraya River opened to public in May 2009. The Bangkok Metro Blue Line, Lumphini Station is at the other end near Rama IV Road. The Bangkok BRT Sathorn station is located on Narathiwat road, linked to Chong Nonsi BTS station by a new bridge. The intersection between Sathon and Naradhiwas Rajanagarindra roads is a new commercial area filled with office buildings such as the Empire Tower. Sathon Road From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search View of Sathon Tai Road. Sathon Road (Thai: ???????, usually Sathorn, also Satorn) is a major road that passes through Sathon district in central Bangkok, Thailand. It is an important transportation link between Phra Nakhon and Thonburi sides of Bangkok. Sathon Road is lined with skyscrapers and corporate offices, especially banking and finance related. Thai and International banks such as SMBC and Citicorp have their headquarters located along Sathon Road. Numerous 40+ story luxury condominiums line the street. It also has, along the South side, the embassies of Australia (37), Denmark (Soi 1), Germany (9), Malaysia (35), and Slovak Republic (25). The extensive Protestant Bangkok Bible College and a Roman Catholic church are in the south-west. It consists of the westbound Sathon Nuea Road (or North Sathon Road, belonging to Bang Rak district) and the eastbound Sathon Tai Road (or South Sathon Road, belonging to Sathon district) separated by Khlong Sathon. •On the south-western end of the roads is the Taksin Bridge, also commonly called Sathon Bridge, crossing the Chao Phraya River from Charoen Krung Road that borders the river. This end also has the Chao Phraya Express Boat CEN Sathon station, the terminus from which southern and northern line river-stations are numbered. Near this end the Si Rat Expressway (2nd State Expy) crosses at this end. •The north-eastern end terminates at Rama IV Road, but continues as Witthayu Road (Wireless Road) where many embassies and ambassadors residences are located, their corner having Lumphini Market on the north-east side. The ( Silom Line of the BTS Skytrain also runs along most part of this road with stations Surasak and Saphan Taksin. The skytrain extension to the other side of Chao Phraya River opened to public in May 2009. The Bangkok Metro Blue Line, Lumphini Station is at the other end near Rama IV Road. The Bangkok BRT Sathorn station is located on Narathiwat road, linked to Chong Nonsi BTS station by a new bridge. The intersection between Sathon and Naradhiwas Rajanagarindra roads is a new commercial area filled with office buildings such as the Empire Tower.