美国“能源之星”认证要求

ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Solid State Lighting Luminaires Eligibility Criteria – Version 1.0 Table of Contents Scope .................................................................................................................................3 General Requirements .......................................................................................................3 All Luminaires .................................................................................................................4 Device/Arrays .................................................................................................................5 Outdoor Luminaires ........................................................................................................5 Drivers ............................................................................................................................5 Packaging Requirements................................................................................................6 Category A: Near-term Applications ...............................................................................7 Under-cabinet kitchen lighting..................................................................................................................9 Under-cabinet shelf-mounted task lighting...............................................................................................9 Portable desk task lights ..........................................................................................................................9 Recessed downlights .............................................................................................................................10 Outdoor wall-mounted porch lights.........................................................................................................10 Outdoor step lights .................................................................................................................................10 Outdoor pathway lights...........................................................................................................................10 Category B: Future Performance Targets .....................................................................12 Standards and Documentation .........................................................................................13 Qualification Process........................................................................................................16 Product Variations ........................................................................................................17 Lumen Depreciation Qualification .................................................................................17 In-situ Driver/Driver Case Temperature Qualification ...................................................18 Qualification Procedures ..................................................................................................18 Quality Assurance Testing................................................................................................18 Effective Date ...................................................................................................................18 Future Specification Revisions .........................................................................................19 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Second draft as of April 9, 2007 2 Appendix ..........................................................................................................................20 Definitions .....................................................................................................................20 Reference Standards and Test Procedures..................................................................22 Chromaticity Specification and Tolerance Quadrangles ...............................................23 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Second draft as of April 9, 2007 3 ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements for Solid State Lighting Luminaires Eligibility Criteria – Version 1.0 Below are the product criteria for ENERGY STAR® qualified luminaires using solid-state lighting (SSL). A product must meet all the criteria in order to be qualified as ENERGY STAR. Scope The ENERGY STAR criteria cover the requirements for SSL products used for general illumination, including those with significant decorative function. If a decorative SSL product serves a significant general illumination function, it falls within the scope of these criteria. The criteria apply to both residential and commercial products. The criteria apply only to products designed to be connected to the electric power grid. In addition, they do not apply to SSL products made for indication (such as traffic lights and exit signs); nor do they apply to products exclusively intended for decoration (such as holiday lights). General Requirements The criteria are based upon compliance with existing lighting industry reference standards and test procedures, as well as new or revised standards and test procedures currently being developed by lighting industry organizations. These reference standards and test procedures are listed in the appendix. The following general requirements apply to both Categories A and B. Additional requirements for correlated color temperature (CCT), luminaire efficacy, zonal lumen density, and minimum light output are listed under Categories A and B below. Comment on all criteria: The rapid pace of SSL performance improvements will require DOE to periodically review and amend the criteria to parallel technological advances and ensure the criteria remain up to date. DOE will monitor SSL developments and, at appropriate intervals, revise the criteria. DOE is sensitive to concerns over frequent revisions and stranded product. Given the early stage of SSL technology development with respect to its application to general illumination, the criteria establish near-term requirements and future performance targets. The near-term requirements (Category A) are for listed lighting application products achieving energy performance equivalent or better than fluorescent light sources used in the same applications. The long-term targets (Category B) are intended to indicate, well in advance, DOE’s intent to substantially raise required efficacy to the much higher performance levels projected to be achievable in approximately three years. Comment on scope clarification: The Scope section was modified to address comments made by fixture manufacturers concerning whether these criteria applied to decorative luminaires. Newly inserted language makes clear the criteria are intended to include decorative luminaires, so long as those luminaires provide a significant general illumination function. However, those luminaires must meet the same performance requirements as non-decorative luminaires. Language was also added to clarify that the criteria apply only to products intended to be connected to the power grid, and do not apply to indication-type products. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Second draft as of April 9, 2007 4 All Luminaires Luminaire Requirements: The luminaire must have one of the following designated CCTs and fall within the 7-step chromaticity quadrangles as defined in the Appendix. Nominal CCT(1) CCT (K) 2700 K 2725 ± 145 3000 K 3045 ± 175 3500 K 3465 ± 245 4000 K 3985 ± 275 4500 K 4503 ± 243 5000 K 5028 ± 283 5700 K 5665 ± 355 Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) 6500 K 6530 ± 510 Color Spatial Uniformity The variation of chromaticity in different directions (i.e., with a change in viewing angle) shall be within 0.004 on the CIE 1976 (u’,v’) diagram. Comment on chromaticity requirements: The chromaticity requirements shown below have been proposed by the ANSI C78 Working Group. They are a modification of existing fluorescent lamp standards intended to reflect the current (and near future) state of SSL technology and color binning capabilities. LEDs are binned for chromaticity in the manufacturing process. These bins, when superimposed on the CIE 1931 Chromaticity Diagram, take the form of quadrangles, as opposed to ellipses. Six of the eight quadrangles defined below largely correspond to and overlap with the ANSI 7-step MacAdam ellipses (consistent with the current ENERGY STAR lighting criteria), but include additional space in the corners. The proposed quadrangles therefore have the same nominal CCTs as fluorescent lamps. The two additional nominal CCTs, 4500 K and 5700 K, provide color definition for LEDs that would not otherwise be captured by the current six ANSI defined CCTs. Comment on changes to chromaticity requirements: The prior draft criteria referenced a flexible color option included in the draft ANSI chromaticity specification. The flexible color option has been removed from this draft for the following reasons: First, DOE believes the increase from the six CCTs currently used in the ENERGY STAR program to eight will already challenge a lighting industry struggling to communicate color to end users. Including a variable CCT will simply allow too many options. And second, DOE believes the best path forward for the emerging SSL industry is to be as consistent as possible with existing lighting paradigms. Comment on addition of off-state power requirement: Some SSL luminaires tested by DOE draw power in the off-state. These "vampire" loads, while relatively small, have a cumulative impact over time resulting in a significant reduction in energy efficiency. The problem lies with the use of power supplies located upstream from the on/off switch that draw power even though the luminaire is not energized. DOE therefore has prohibited off-state power except in instances where occupancy or photo-controls are incorporated into the luminaire. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Second draft as of April 9, 2007 5 Color Maintenance The change of chromaticity over the lifetime of the product shall be within 0.007 on the CIE 1976 (u’,v’) diagram. Color Rendering Index (CRI) Indoor luminaires shall have a minimum CRI of 75. Off-state Power Luminaires shall not draw power in the off state. Exception: Luminaires with integral occupancy, motion or photo- controls are exempt from this requirement. Warranty A warranty must be provided for luminaires, covering repair or replacement of defective electrical parts (including light source and drivers) for a minimum of three (3) years from the date of purchase. For residential products, the written warranty must be included with the luminaire packaging at the time of shipment. Thermal Management Luminaire manufacturers shall adhere to device manufacturer guidelines, certification programs, and test procedures for thermal management. (1) Six of the eight allowed nominal CCTs correspond to those in the fluorescent lamp specification: 2700 K, 3000 K, 3500 K, 4100 K, 5000 K, and 6500 K. Device/Arrays Device/Array Requirements Lumen Depreciation of LED Light Sources (L70) The device shall have average rated lumen maintenance of at least 70% of initial device lumens at 35,000 hours. Outdoor Luminaires Outdoor Luminaire Requirements Residential Automatic Daylight Control Residential luminaires designed for attaching to buildings and whose power consumption is greater than 13 watts must contain an integral photo-sensor that automatically prevents operation during daylight hours. In addition, the control must automatically reactivate within 24 hours of a manual override or test operation. Drivers Driver Requirements Power Factor ≥ 0.70 (Residential) ≥ 0.90 (Commercial) Minimum Operating Temperature Driver shall have a minimum operating temperature of -20°C or below. Comment on power factor changes: The required power factor was reduced from 0.9 to 0.7 for residential luminaires in response to comments about the potential driver cost impacts of requiring 0.9 for residential luminaires. DOE product testing of residential luminaires and discussions with manufacturers indicates 0.7 is readily achievable in residential products. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Second draft as of April 9, 2007 6 Maximum Measured Driver/Driver Case Temperature During Normal Operation Inside Luminaire(s) Not to exceed the driver manufacturer maximum recommended driver/driver case temperature during in-situ operation. Note: This performance characteristic is separate and distinct from thermal requirements established by UL, which governs safety rather than longevity of the driver. All qualified luminaires are expected to meet this requirement, including linear, suspended, close-to-ceiling, IC, ICAT and Non-IC recessed canisters, etc. as well as those luminaires that may be exempt from UL1598. Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency Interference • Drivers designated by the manufacturer for residential applications must meet FCC requirements for consumer use (FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Consumer Emission Limits). • Drivers designated by the manufacturer for commercial applications must meet FCC requirements for non-consumer use (FCC 47 CFR Part 15 Non- consumer Emission Limits). Noise Driver shall have a Class A sound rating. Transient Protection Driver shall comply with IEEE C.62.41-1991, Class A operation. The line transient shall consist of seven strikes of a 100 kHz ring wave, 2.5 kV level, for both common mode and differential mode. Packaging Requirements Packaging Requirements Incompatibility with Controls and Application Exceptions Included documentation must clearly state any known incompatibility with photo-controls, dimmers or timing devices. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Second draft as of April 9, 2007 7 Category A: Near-term Applications Comment on luminaire efficacy: The ENERGY STAR criteria for SSL Luminaires use Luminaire Efficacy to establish performance as defined below: Power Input Luminaire effects) thermal and efficiency fixture (includes Output Light Luminaire Efficacy Luminaire = The ENERGY STAR criteria for non-SSL residential light fixtures (commonly referred to as RLF) use system efficacy defined as the light output of the lamp-ballast system divided by the input power measured in a 25°C environment. Established test procedures for fluorescent sources support this approach. However, the program requirements in this document are based upon luminaire efficacy, instead of system efficacy for the following reasons: • Accurate measurement of the LED light source separate from the fixture is often not possible. LEDs typically are integrated into the fixture and not readily removable without altering the performance of the light source. • LED performance is significantly affected by elevated temperature. LED devices generate heat that is typically removed by an external heat sink, which may be designed into the luminaire itself. Separating the light source from its heat sink will significantly impact test results. There are no standards or test procedures to measure system efficacy of LEDs. However, standards organizations are developing a test procedure for photometric measurement of LED luminaires. This test procedure is currently in draft form and scheduled to be final in mid-2007. • Luminaire efficacy provides more realistic energy efficiency information because it accounts for driver, thermal, and fixture losses, thus better meeting the needs of buyers who seek the most light output for the least energy input. ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Second draft as of April 9, 2007 8 Comment on methodology for establishing luminaire efficacy of near-term applications: Determination of the luminaire efficacy thresholds for applications stems from an analysis of the currently available fluorescent products in the market, IESNA design guidelines, photometric modeling and the current performance characteristics of commercial LEDs. The selection of Category A applications is primarily based on the following parameters: • Directed light applications • Source relatively close to illuminated surface • Relatively modest illuminance requirements • Applications in which typical fixture efficiency (with traditional light sources) is 60% or lower Minimum luminaire efficacy levels are established for each application. They are intended to assure approved luminaires perform at least as well as typical luminaires using fluorescent light sources. To establish these efficacy requirements, the following assumptions were made about the fluorescent luminaires against which they were benchmarked. Assumptions for Fluorescent Luminaire Benchmarks Application System Efficacy (lm/W)† Fixture Efficiency Under-cabinet kitchen 58.8 40% Under-cabinet shelf-mounted 58.8 50% Portable desk/task 58.8 50% Recessed downlights 58.8 60% Outdoor porch 58.8 40% Outdoor step 50.0 40% Outdoor path 50.0 50% † The ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 Lighting sub-committee consensus for typical pin-based CFL system efficacy is 58.8 lm/W. The efficacy of applications that typically use lower wattage CFLs was reduced to 50.0 lm/W reflecting the reduced efficacy of these systems. Comment on dropping CRI adjustment factor: DOE dropped the use of an adjustment factor in our methodology for establishing Category A efficacy requirements. The adjustment factor had the effect of increasing efficacy requirements for products whose required CRI fell below 80. Comment on change in recessed downlight efficacy: DOE increased the assumed fixture efficiency from 50 to 60%. While 50% fixture efficiency for pin-base CFL fixtures is actually more typical, we adjusted this number upward to reflect the higher fixture efficiencies achieved when reflector CFLs are used in recessed downlights. The use of higher assumed fixture efficiency increased the required luminaire efficacy for residential products from 29 lm/W to 35 lm/W, and from 33 to 35 lm/W for commercial products. (The change in the commercial downlight required efficacy was also affected by dropping the CRI adjustment factor, as explained in the comment above.) ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for SSL Luminaires – Version 1.0 Second draft as of April 9, 2007 9 Under-cabinet kitchen lighting Application Requirements Minimum Light Output Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 150 lumens (initial) per lineal foot. The light output requirement is calculated by the following equation: (lumens) OutputLightRequired Minimum150 12 (inches) LengthFixtureMeasured =× Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver no more than 75% of total lumens (initial) within the 0-60° zone. Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 24 lm/W Allowable CCTs 2700 K, 3000 K and 3500 K Under-cabinet shelf-mounted task lighting Application Requirements Minimum Light Output Luminaire shall deliver a minimum of 150 lumens (initial) per lineal foot. The light output requirement is calculated by the following equation: (lumens) OutputLightRequiredMinimum150 12 (inches) LengthFixtureMeasured =× Zonal Lumen Density Requirement Luminaire shall deliver no more than 75% of total lumens (initial) within the 0-60° zone. Minimum Luminaire Efficacy 29 lm/W Allowable CCTs