IGCSE化学单词汇总

学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第1页TheVocabularyofChemistryforIGCSE10ElementsHydrogen氢Helium氦Lithium锂Beryllium铍Boron硼Carbon碳Nitrogen氮Oxygen氧Fluorine氟Neon氖Sodium钠Magnesium镁Aluminium铝Silicon硅Phosphorus磷Sulfur硫Chlorine氯Argon氩Potassium钾Calcium钙Scandium钪Titanium钛Vanadium钒Chromium铬Manganese锰Iron铁Cobalt钴Nickel镍Copper铜Zinc锌Gallium镓Germanium锗Arsenic砷Selenium硒Bromine溴Krypton氪Rubidium铷Strontium锶Zirconium锆Palladium钯Silver银Cadmium镉Tin锡Stibium锑Iodine碘Xenon氙Cesium铯Barium钡Tungsten钨Osmium锇Iridium铱Platinum铂Gold金Mercury汞Lead铅Radon氡Radium镭Uranium铀OthersEndorse支持代言Conjugate共轭的Equilibria平衡Monobasic一元的Dibasic二元的Tribasic三元的Dissociate分离电离游离Propanone丙酮11Motion运动Particle微粒Matter&substance物质Atom原子Molecule分子Ion离子Property属性Proximity接近（程度）Condense冷凝（液化）Freeze凝固Salicylic水杨酸Interval间隔区间Plot绘图表Probe探测器学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第2页Logger电子自动记录器Dichromate重铬酸盐12diffusion扩散kineticparticletheory分子运动论collide碰撞ammonia氨（水）ammonium铵hydrochloricacid盐酸concentrated浓的chloride氯化物layer层dioxide二氧化物relativemolecularmass相对原子质量methane甲烷13equivalent相等的pipette移液管balance天平proceed进行precision精确度decimeter分米cylinder圆筒measuringcylinder量筒burette滴定管flask烧瓶titration滴定(法)syringe注射器deliverytube导管scaledivision刻度meniscus弯液面14chromatography色谱法filter过滤demonstrate证明pigment颜料solubility溶解性（度）solvent溶剂soluble可溶的ethanol乙醇methanol甲醇propanone丙酮interpret解释翻译botanist植物学家dropper滴管thereby从而purify提纯compound化合物aminoacid氨基酸ninhydrin茚三酮alanine丙氨酸lysine赖氨酸serine丝氨酸valine缬氨酸TOEFLvocabSear灼烧Ignite使烧着Neutralize中和Polymerization聚合Functional起作用的Synthetic合成的(综合的)Intermediary媒介物Catalyst催化剂Scorch使退色Bleach漂白Tint上色Hydronic液体循环加热Alchemy炼金术Hackneyed陈腐的Caustic腐蚀性的Decomposition分解Silica硅土Limestone石灰石Petroleum石油15assess评估distill蒸馏tablet药片distinct不同的reactant反应物decant滗析centrifugation离心分离16funnel漏斗residue滤渣filtrate滤液crystallization结晶学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第3页solute溶质volatile易挥发的immiscible不互溶的hexane己烷17condenser冷凝器conical圆锥的miscible可混溶的21subatomic亚原子的nucleus原子核proton质子nucleons核子neutron中子electron电子whiz飞速转动22isotope核素同位素americium镅tumor肿瘤thyroid甲状腺gland无分泌功能的现状组织sterilize消毒technetium锝23valence化合价valenceelectron价电子noble惰性的noblegas惰性气体configuration结构排布24monoxide一氧化物dioxide二氧化物trioxide三氧化物tetroxide四氧化物pentoxide五氧化物hexoxide六氧化物heptoxide七氧化物rutherfordium胪25density密度malleability延展性可煅性ductility延展性可塑性brittle易碎的graphite石墨lustrous有光泽的sonorous能发出响亮声音的basic碱性的alloy合金31octet八隅体32covalentbond共价键overlap重叠部分33methanol甲醇methanal甲醛ethane乙烷ethane乙烯ethyne乙炔34ioniclattice晶格volatility挥发性electrostatic静电的sublimation升华intermolecular分子间的molten熔融的35formula分子式macromolecule高分子大分子rigid刚硬的、死板的allotrope同素异形体hexagon六边形flake剥落lubricant润滑剂delocalised离域去域voltage电压quartz石英36detergent洗涤剂grain晶态petridish培养皿41formulaepl.分子式transitionelements过渡元素peroxide过氧化物ozonide臭氧化物hydroxide氢氧化物学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第4页nitrate硝化硝酸根carbonate碳酸根42empiricalformula成分式实验式经验式hydrogencarbonateion碳酸氢根离子43diatomic双原子的44aqueous水的（aq）spectator旁观者precipitate沉淀51proportion比例52Avogadro阿佛加德罗Avogadroconstant阿佛加德罗常数mole摩尔molarmass摩尔质量stoichiometry化学计量（学）53reagent试剂excess过量ethanoicacid乙酸54percentagebymass质量分数molargasvolume气体摩尔体积55yield产量malachite孔雀石56ore矿石crucible坩埚spectrometer分光仪57conc=concentrated浓缩的61anode阳极正极cathode阴极负极electrode电极inert惰性的toxic有毒的corrosive腐蚀性的electrolyte电解液电解质62brine盐水dynamo发电机discharge放电回到单质状态margarine人造奶油diaphragm隔膜porous能渗透的membrane薄膜63dilute稀释的halogen卤素halide卤化物cation阳离子anion阴离子oxidation氧化reduction还原64refine提炼sludge沉淀物anodeslime阳极泥65electroplate电镀66bauxite铝土矿crust硬皮壳alumina氧化铝cryolite冰晶石amp安培siphon虹吸管67insulator绝缘体pylon高压线铁塔biodegradable能进行生物降解的thermosetting热固的mould浇铸模具71exothermic放热的endothermic吸热的photosynthesis光合作用joule焦耳72calorimeter热量计学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第5页alight点亮着的bombard轰炸thorium钍73reverse相反muddle混淆redox氧化还原反应(剂)74relevant有关的diesel内燃机传动的porous能渗透的81bung塞子interval间隔plot用曲线表示sketch画草图82gradient斜率independentvariable自变量interpret解释83lump块combustible易燃的sawmill锯木厂hazard危险(源)pellet颗粒状物gauze网纱8485thiosulfate硫代硫酸盐86alkane烷(属)烃photosynthesis光合作用chlorofluorocarbon含氯氟烃ultraviolet紫外的depletion枯竭starch淀粉cellulose纤维素chlorophyll叶绿素pondweed水池草intensity(光照)强度gelatin白明胶redox氧化还原transparent透明的91reversible可逆的hydrated水合的anhydrous无水的anhydride酸酐脱水物waterofcrystallization结晶水dynamic动态的sealed密封的92restore恢复93booster推进器chlorate(未知价)氯酸盐agent剂numeral数字dichromate重铬酸盐94polyol多羟基化合物kit工具包101citric柠檬酸的nettle荨(qián)麻102litmus石蕊lichen地衣trough槽splint薄木条tartaric酒石酸的methylbenzene甲苯103lime(生熟)石灰slakedlime熟石灰unslakedlime消石灰antacid抗酸性base能与酸反应的物质alkali碱(可溶的base)volatile不稳定的fungus真菌104nuclei(pl.)nucleusionized电离105amphoteric两性的111学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第6页deposit存储112methylorange甲基橙phenolphthalein酚酞initial最初的titer/titre滴定度(量)uncontaminated未被污染的113distilled用蒸馏法提得的114bung塞子squeaky短促的尖叫声(爆鸣音)115cation阳离子algae水藻slime黏质物portion一部分116anion阴离子halide卤族的qualitative定性的effervescence冒泡foil箔金属薄片121metalloid准金属trend趋势Mendeleev门捷列夫successive连续的122upset打乱tweezers镊子violet紫色123diatomic双原子的astatine砹displacement置换124weld焊接filament细丝polonium钋125turbine涡轮机withstand承受Haberprocess哈伯制氨法sterilize灭菌131alloy合金solder焊锡disrupt破坏brass黄铜bronze青铜cutlery刀具nitinol镍和钛的非磁性合金brace支架sprinkler喷洒器132133thermit铝热剂shield挡开134charcoal木炭kiln窑135thermal有热造成的nitrite亚硝酸盐141blende闪锌矿haematite赤铁矿coke焦炭tray盘blast鼓风slag炉渣relevant有关的combustion燃烧142143brittle易碎的tip倾斜scrap零屑lance喷枪mould模子144mild可煅的chisel凿子galvanize镀锌151coolant冷却剂turbine涡轮机学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第7页cholera霍乱typhoid伤寒grid网格sedimentation沉淀(作用)gravel砾石osmosis渗透(作用)152colony群体respiration呼吸combustion燃烧weld焊接153soot煤烟油烟particulate颗粒微粒的(的)deposition储存沉积exhaust废气154smog烟雾lightcatalyzedsmog光化学污染nitrous(亚)氮的nitrousoxide笑气nitric(五价)氮的irritation刺激物compartment分隔间honeycomb蜜蜂巢(状)rhodium铑155paddy稻田termite白蚁depletion耗尽infrared红外线156organism有机体uptake摄入领会157grease给…加润滑油bolt螺栓161component成分phosphate磷酸盐162plant工厂chamber室scrub洗气vessel容器via通过经由compromise折中的163galena方铅矿vulcanize使硫化pulp纸浆straw天然纤维sulfite亚硫酸盐164oleum发烟硫酸165mortar粘合物砂浆研钵tripod三脚架kiln窑gypsum石膏slurry浆flue烟道desulfurization脱硫171homologous同系的char把…烧成炭carboxylicacid羧酸propanol丙醇methyl甲基ethyl乙基propyl丙基butyl丁基pentyl(amyl)戊基hexyl己基heptyl庚基octyl辛基nonyl壬基decyl癸基hendecyl十一基dodecyl十二基tridecyl十三基myristyl十四基pentadecyl十五基hexadecyl十六基-ane烷-ene烯-yne炔-ol(anol)醇酚学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第8页-al醛-er醚-one酮-oicacid羧酸172sap汁液isomerism同分异构现象isomer同分异构体BHC六六六hexachlorocyclohexane六氯苯cyclohexane环己烷insecticide杀虫剂alkyl烷基173crude未加工的refinery提炼厂kerosene煤油火油modify改造sugarbeet甜菜fermentation发酵174undergo经历naphtha石脑油lubricatingoil润滑油paraffin石蜡(英=煤油kerosene)181saturated饱和的substitution取代反应182granule小颗粒valve阀活门regenerator回热器183additionreaction加成反应margarine人造奶油184miscible可混溶的ester脂reflux回流acetobacter醋杆菌185carboxylic羧酸-oate羧酸盐aroma香气linkage键191polymer聚合物macromolecule高分子monomer单体polymerization聚合作用biodegradable能进行生物降解的antifreeze防冻剂polythenepolyethylene聚乙烯crate装货箱polyvinyl聚乙烯基的gutter檐槽排水沟terylene涤纶cyanide氰化物dioxin二噁英192deduce推断empirical来自经验的Teflon特氟隆tetra-四tetrafluoroethene四氟乙烯193polyamide聚酰胺polyester聚酯condensation聚合作用eliminated消去amine胺diol二醇diamine二胺amide酰胺201constituent组成hydrolysis水解glycine甘氨酸cysteine半胱氨酸unwind解开peptide肽202glycerol甘油丙三醇203monosaccharide单糖saccharide糖类糖化物glycosidic糖苷的cellulose纤维素学通国际教育---WordsofchemistryforIGCSE第9页phenylenediamine苯二胺aspartic天冬氨酸glutamic谷氨酸leucine亮/白氨酸204denatured使变性yeast酵母effervescence冒泡泡腾suspend悬浮anaerobic厌氧的aerobic需氧的batch一组gasohol汽油醇C1goggle护目镜dense稠密C2grid坐标方格anomalous反常的C3C4Spirit精酒精