人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2004年5月英语二级《笔译综合能力》试题及参考答案

04 04.5笔译综合能力.doc Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar (25 points) Part 1 Vocabulary Selection In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as requires on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 1 The explanation given by the manager yesterday was not at all _____ to us. A. satisfy B. satisfied C. satisfactory D. satisfying 2 Part of the funds will be used to ____ that old library to its original splendor. A. rest B. recover C. replace D. restore 3 This silk has gone right _____ and we have not sold a single piece of it for weeks. A. out of fad B. out of pattern C. out of custom D. out of fashion 4 The new Personal Digital Assistance contained a large ___ of information about an individual life. A. deal B. amount C. number D. account 5 Primitive superstitions that feed racism should be _____ through education. A. ignored B. exalted C. eradicated D. canceled 6. _____ pollution control measures are expensive, many local governments hesitate to adopt them. A. Although B. However C. Because D. Moreover 7. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, _____ to the body. A. the stress it is greater B. greater is the stress C. greater stress is D. the greater the stress 8. Annie Jump Cannon, _____ discovered so many stars that she was called “the census taker of the sky.” A. a leading astronomer, B. who, as a leading astronomer, C. was a leading astronomer, D. a leading astronomer who 9. Kingdom of Wonders, _____ in 1995 in Fremont, Calif., became an industry legend for two toys: a talking bear and a ray-gun game. A. find B. found C. founded D. founding 10. Over a very large number of trials, the probability of an event _____ is equal to the probability that it will not occur. A. occurring B. to occur C. occurs D. occur 11. Only one-fifth of Americans saw oil as the chief reason that the U.S. made a war on Iraq, but 75 percent of the French and of the Russians believed _____. A. to B. so C. go D. do 12. Sadly, while the academic industry thrives, the practice of translation continues to _____. A. stack B. stage C. stagnate D. stamp 13. Your blunt treatment of disputes would put other people in a negative frame of _____, with the result that they would not be able to accept your proposal. A. mind B. idea C. intention D. wish 14. If you are an energetic person with strong views as to the right way of doing things, you find yourself _____ under pressures. A. variably B. invariably C. invaluably D. invalidly 15. Uncle Vernon, quite unlike Harry Potter who looked nothing like the rest of the family, was large, very fat, and _____, with an enormous black mustache. A. neck-less B. neck-lace C. reckless D. rack-less 16. Home to _____ and gangsters, officials and laborers, refugees and artists, the city was, in its prime, a metropolis that exhibited all the hues of the human character. A. magnates B. magnets C. machine D. magnitudes 17. His _____ behavior made everyone nervous. He was always rushing to open doors and perform other small tasks, apologizing unnecessarily for any inconvenience that he might have caused. A. oblivious B. observant C. obsequious D. obsolescent 18. He was completely __________ by her tale of hardship. A. taken away B. taken down C. taken in D. taken up 19. Americans who consider themselves _____ in the traditional sense do not usually hesitate to heap criticism in domestic matters over what they believe is oppressive or wasteful. A. pedestrian B. penchant C. patriarch D. patriotic 20. As technological advances put more and more time between early school life and the young person's final access to specialized work, the stage of _____ becomes an even more marked and conscious period. A. adolescence B. adjacency C. advantage D. adventure Part 2 Vocabulary Replacement This part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 21. That boy is suffering from unrequited love and pines away. A. fervent B. obsessive C. secret D. unreturned 22. For a long time in that vast region, this law was in abeyance. A. active use B. doubt C. discussion D. disuse 23. A court-martial has but recently decided to acquit him. A. declare he is not guilty B. upwardly mobile C. excessively overweight D. privately educated 24. There are more people who are obese today than 20 years ago. A. gainfully employed B. upwardly mobile C. excessively overweight D. privately educated 25. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein is famous for his intensely vigorous and exuberant style. A. enthusiastic B. nervous C. painful D. extreme 26. When insects feed on decaying plant material in a compost pile, they help turn it into useful garden soil. A. available B. organic C. distasteful D. decomposing 27. Researchers have discovered that dolphins are able to mimic human speech. A. import B. imitate C. impair D. humor 28. The dichotomy postulated by many between idealism is one of the standard clichés of the ongoing debate over international affairs. A. division B. combination of two parts C. disparity D. contradiction 29. Attempts have been made for nearly three decades to increase the amount of precipitation from clouds by seeding them with salt or silver iodide. A. Devices B. Hypotheses C. Efforts D. Suggestions 30. Justices of the peace have jurisdiction over the trials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involving minor offenses. A. supremacy B. authority C. guidance D. obedience 31. The feeling of competition among the students in all the classrooms where the test was going on was noticeable to everyone. A. discord B. discovery C. rivalry D. cooperation 32. The artist spent years on his monumental painting, which covered the whole roof of the church, the biggest in the country. A. archaic B. sentimental C. outstanding D. entire 33. Many of the electric and electronic products we purchase and consume today are what some industrial experts call “homogeneous toys”. A. identical B. homosexual C. unrelated D. distinguishable 34. Anthropologist Barbara Myerhoff furthered her reputation as an authority on Native American culture with her study of the symbols, myths, and rituals of the Huichol people. A. deserved B. retained C. renewed D. Advanced 35. This reflects the priority being attached to economic over political activity, partly caused by a growing reluctance to enter a calling blighted by relentless publicity that all too often ends in destroying careers and reputations. A. powerfulness B. unwillingness C. renaissance D. apologeticness Part 3 Error Correction This part consists of 15 sentences in which there is an underlined part that indicates an error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 36. An epigram is usually defined being a bright or witty thought that is tersely and ingeniously expressed. A. as B. as be C. as been D. to being 37. Upon completing his examination over the patient, the doctor offered his judgment of her conditions. A. of B. off C. about D. around 38. If they spend some time on Chinese history, they will be more able to predict China’s future. A. more B. able C. better D. better able 39. When she returned back by abroad, she told us all about her experience as an illegal immigrant. A. by B. back C. from D. back from 40. He was looking impatient at the visiting salesman, who showed no signs of getting ready to leave. A. patient B. patience C. impatience D. impatiently 41. The recent conference on the effective use of the seas and ocean was another attempt resolving major differences among countries with conflicting interests. A. resolve B. resolves C. to resolve D. being resolved 42. Life insurance, before available only to young, healthy persons, can now be obtained for old people, and even for pets. A. before young, healthy persons available only, B. available only to young, healthy persons before, C. available only to persons young, but more healthy, D. before young and healthy persons only available to, 43. Following a year of fast development, by the first quarter of this year, China has had about 1,100 e-commerce websites. A. China had about 1,100 e-commerce websites by the end of last March B. by the end of the first quarter of this year, China has had about 1,100 e-commerce websites C. by the end of this recent past March, China has about 1,100 e-commerce websites D. by the end of this first quarter, China had about 1,100 or so e-commerce websites 44. Sino-foreign educational program on business is popular in China now, and the demand for high level interpretation is great. A. programs in enterprises / high level interpreters B. programs in international business / senior interpreters C. program in international biz / senior interpretations D. programs of business / high-level interpretations 45. Many students agreed to come, but some students against because they said they don’t have time. A. were against because they said they did not B. were against because they say they don’t C. were against it because they said they did not D. were against coming because they said they don’t 46. While it is essential that the text covers the subject adequately, it is also important that it is neither too detailed or too complex for the intended reader. A. for B. nor C. no D. not 47. Consumer porcelains in Jingdezhen are not selling well in export market as compared with those made in Liling, Hunan Province and Zibo, Shandong Province. A. on export market B. in exporting market C. in exported market D. in the export market 48. It is a market which sales value might be more than 10 billion yuan. A. a market with a sales value that might be B. a market which might be sales value C. a market with sale value might be D. market with sales might be a value 49. As an English major student, I think business English is more practical than other fields. A. a English student / field B. a English major student / regions C. a English major / courses D. an English student major / sciences 50. We should let more young parents and their children can enjoy scientific early education. A. provide more young parents and their children to enjoy early education B. provide more young parents and their children to enjoy early education and scientific C. provide young parents and their children enjoy more scientific early education D. provide young parents and their children with more early education services Section 2: Reading Comprehension (50 points) In this section you will find after each of the passage a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 70 minutes. Questions 51 — 60 are based on the following passage. Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable. Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior. Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaffirms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated. 51. Social control refers to processes by which ____. A. norms are developed B. norms are enforced C. people are educated and trained D. people are rewarded and punished 52. Every society has its own ____. A. planned systems B. controlled norms C. recognized boundary D. established sanctions 53. Informal mechanisms of social control include the following EXCEPT ____. A. a high level of interest in ensuring conformity B. expression of disapproval by significant others C. withholding of positive rewards for the deviants D. people’s internalization of norms in socialization 54. The most powerful protection against deviance is ____. A. negative sanctions B. severe punishments C. the individual’s conscience D. unrestrained suppression 55. Formal agents of social control include the following EXCEPT ____. A. police stations B. mental hospitals C. welfare agencies D. vocational schools 56. The purpose of formal agents is to ____. A. make beneficial rules B. preserve social orders C. control violation of norms D. define acceptable behavior 57. Which statement about social control agents is NOT true? A. They tend to serve the interest of those who enforce the norms. B. They tend to serve the interest of those who receive a benefit. C. They tend to serve the interest of those who make the rules. D. They tend to serve the interest of those who are powerful. 58. According to conflict theorists, social control agents and systems are ____. A. liberal B. partial C. neutral D. overall 59. In the third paragraph, “a dual function” refers to ____. A. formal and informal B. rewards and penalities C. approval and disapproval D. clarification and regulation 60. The perspective from which the author discusses social control is ____. A. biological B. sociological C. psychological D. anthropological Every group has a culture, however uncivilized it may seem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there is no intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist, there is no intrinsic hierarchy among languages. People once thought of the languages of backward groups as undeveloped. While it if possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of “backward” languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex. They differ from Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this aspect, two things are to be noted. First, all languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. Second, the objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in “backward” languages, while different from the West, are often surprisingly numerous and complicated. A Western language distinguishes merely between two degrees of remoteness (“this” and “that”). But some languages of the American Indians distinguish between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or removed from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future. 61. Every group of human beings has ____. A. its own set of ideas, beliefs and ways of life B. an extremely complex and delicate language C. its own elegant music, literature, and other arts D. the process of growing crops or raising animals 62. To the professional linguists, ____. A. there is no intrinsic superiority of cultures B. there is no intrinsic hierarchy of languages C. all languages came from grunts and groans D. all languages are most severe and standard 63. Most languages of uncivilized groups are ____. A. adequate B. numerous C. ingenious D. ingenuous 64. “Backward” languages fall behind Western languages in ____. A. ways to transfer ideas B. forms to satisfy needs C. abilities to answer description D. systems to expand vocabulary 65. All languages, whether civilized or not, have their own ____. A. ways to transfer ideas B. forms to satisfy needs C. abilities to answer description D. systems to expand vocabulary 66. Which of the following statements is implied in the passage? A. Anthropologists have nothing to do with linguists. B. Linguists have nothing to do with anthropologists. C. The study of languages casts light upon the study of cultures. D. The study of cultures casts no light upon the study of languages. 67. It is implied that all cultures have to be viewed ____. A. profoundly B. intrinsically C. independently D. professionally 68. According to this passage, to learn a foreign language would require one to ____. A. do more activities B. learn about a new culture C. meet more people D. need more names 69. The author’s attitude shown in this passage toward “backward” languages is ____. A. restrained B. subjective C. objective D. resolute 70. This passage is on the whole ____. A. narrative B. instructive C. prescriptive D. argumentative The field of medicine has always attracted its share of quacks and charlatans — disreputable women and men with little or no medical knowledge who promise quick cures at cheap prices. The reasons why quackery thrives even in modern times are easy to find. To begin with, pain seems to be a chronic human condition. A person whose body or mind “hurts” will often pay any amount of money for the promise of relief. Second, even the best medical treatment cannot cure all the ills that beset men and women. People who mistrust or dislike the truths that their physicians tell them often turn to more sympathetic ears. Many people lack the training necessary to evaluate medical claims. Given the choice between (a) a reputable physician who says a cure for cancer will be long, expensive and may not work at all, and (b) a salesperson who says that several bottles of a secret formula “snake oil” will cure not only cancer but tuberculosis as well, some individuals will opt for “snake oil”. Many “snake oil” remedies are highly laced with alcohol or narcotic drugs. Anyone who drinks them may get so drunk or stoned that they drown their pains in the rising tide of pleasant intoxication. Little wonder that “snake oil” is a popular cure-all for minor aches and hurts! But let there be no misunderstandings. A very few “home remedies” actually work. However, most remedies sold by quacks are not only useless, but often can be harmful as well. 71. In this passage, a quack or a charlatan is someone who ____. A. has a special ability B. has little