中考英语 形容词`副词精品教案 人教版

中考英语形容词、副词精品教案 （一）形容词 1．形容词的构成。 ○1 简单形容词由一个单词构成。Good, long, green, large, bright, interesting, surprised, learned, developing, sleeping . ○2 复合形容词由一个以上的词构成。20-minute, second-hand, 500-word, 8-year-old, three-legged, round-trip, part-time, good-looking. 2．形容词的用法。 ○1 修饰名词作定语。She is a beautiful girl . ○2 作 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语。He is very strong. ○3 作宾语补足语。Let the door open. You must keep your classroom clean . ○4 “定冠词＋形容词”表示一类人或物，在句子中可作主语或宾语。We should speak to the old politely. ○5 大多数形容词既可作表语又可作定语，但少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语。如：asleep, ill, awake 等。 ○6 有些形容词只能作定语而不能作表语。如：many, little, wooden, golden 等。 3．形容词的位置。 ○1 形容词通常放在它所修饰的名词的前面。A heavy box. ○2 与表示度量的词连用，形容词要放在它所修饰词语的后面。3 metres long. 12 kilometers away . ○3 与不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing 等连用时，可以放在这些词之后。 Something important . nothing serious . ○4 当名词前有多个形容词修饰时，一般按下面的词序排列： 冠词（包括物主代词、序数词、基数词）－描述形容词（brave, beautiful）－表示形状（大小、长短、高矮）的形容词－表示年龄或新旧的形容词－表示颜色的形容词－表示国籍、出处或来源的形容词－表示材料、物质的形容词－表示用途或类别的形容词－被修饰的词。My nice small brown leather bag . those large round black wooden tables . 4．形容词的比较级和最高级。（一般加 er / est ，不规则见表） ○1 原级的用法：“……和……相同” A．肯定句：A ＋ 动词 ＋ as ＋ 形容词原级 ＋ as ＋ B . He is as tall as me . B．否定句：A… ＋ not as ＋形容词原级 ＋ as ＋ B （即A 不如 B 那么…） A…＋ not so ＋形容词原级 ＋ as ＋ B = A…+ less + 形容词原级＋than + B . ○2 比较级的用法： A．A ＋ 动词 ＋ 形容词的比较级 ＋ than ＋ B . （A 比B 更… ，在这种句型中，比较级前面可用 much, even, still, a little, a bit, a lot, any, far 等修饰，表示“…得多”，“甚至…”，“更…”，“…一点儿”。 B．“比较级 ＋ and ＋ 比较级”、 “more and more ＋ 部分双音节或多音节的原级” 译为“越来越…”。 ○3 最高级的用法：（个体用－of ，范围用－in，最高级前面要用定冠词－the） A．三种最高级表示法。 最高级：Shanghai is the largest city in China . 比较级：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China . / Shanghai is larger than the other cities in China . 原级：No other city is as large as Shanghai in China . / No other city is larger than Shanghai in China . （二） 副词 1．副词的种类： ○1 时间副词：often, always, usually, early, ago, already, before, ever, late, now, soon, since, tomorrow, just now … ○2 地点副词：here, there, above, below, outside, anywhere, back, down, home, out, everywhere … ○3 方式副词：hard, well, badly, fast, slowly, angrily, simply, carefully … ○4 程度副词：very, quite, much, still, almost, little, too, enough … ○5 疑问副词：how, when, where, why … ○6 关系副词：when, where, why … （引导定语从句） ○7 连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether … ○8 频率副词：often, seldom, usually, never, sometimes, every day, always, hardly … ○9 其他副词：really, certainly, surely, maybe … 2．副词的用法： ○1 作状语 ： He can finish the work easily . ○2 作定语（要后置） ： The students here are from Harbin . ○3 作表语 ： I must be off now . ○4 作宾补，构成复合宾语 ： Show him up . I saw him out with my sister last night . 3．副词的比较级和最高级。（一般加 er / est ,不规则见表） ○1 副词的原级： A．as + 副词的原级 + as “与…一样” B．not as(so) + 副词的原级 + as “与…不一样” C．too + 副词的原级 + to do sth . “太…而不能” D．so + 副词的原级 + that 从句 “如此…以致于…” E．副词的原级 + enough to do sth . “足够…能做…” ○2 副词的比较级： A．A + 动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B B．副词比较级前也可以用 much, even, still, far, any, a little, a bit, a lot 等修饰。 C．比较级 ＋ and + 比较级，表示“越来越…”，the more … the more … 表示“越…就越…” D．副词的最高级前通常不加定冠词 the . 实战演练 ○Many people have helped with canned food, however, the food bank needs _____ for the poor. A．more B．much C．many D．most ○In that case, there is nothing you can do _______ than wait. A．more B．other C．better D．any ○I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a （an）_______trick. A．ordinary B．easy C．smart D．simple ○All the people ______ at the party were his supporters. A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important ○It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ______ to her mother. A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing ○ — I’m very with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. — Mm, it does have a smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; plcased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant ○--- You don’t look very .Are you ill? --- No, I’m just a bit tired. A．good B．well C．strong D．healthy ○Mr. Smith used to smoke______ but he has given it up. A seriously B heavily C badly D hardly ○ If you can’t come tomorrow, we’ll ______ have to hold the meeting next week. A yet B even C rather D just ○ There at the door stood a girl about the same height _____. A. as me B. as mine C. with mine D. with me ○_____, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange ○John is very lazy. He falls ______ behind in his studies. A. very B. far C. more D. still ○To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it into parts. A．down B．up C．off D．out ○ Letterboxes are much more _______ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead. A. common B. normal C. ordinary D. usual ○ I thought she was famous, but none of my friends have _______ heard of her. A. even B. ever C. just D. never ○ We always keep ________ spare paper, in case we ran out. A. too much B. a number of C. plenty of D. a good many ○ After two years’ research, we now have a ____ better understanding of the disease. A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite ○In spite of repeated wrongs done to him, he looks _____ to people greeting him. A. friendly B. lively C. worried D. cold ○ I haven’t seen Ann for ____ long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like. A. such B. very C. so D. too ○ Although badly hurt in the accident, the driver was ____ able to make a phone call. A. still B. even C. also D. ever ○ While we were watching the play,I_________noticed a man with a funny look. A. usually B. suddenly C. quickly D. carefully ○.—Would you please tell me the result of the exam, Miss White ? —You did quite well. You’ve made _____ mistakes. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ○. Jim sat _____ to his mother with his eyes half _____ . A. closed; opened B. close; open C. closely; opening D. closely; opened ○.The _____ river water goes 450 kilometres out to sea.   A. pure     B. new     C. sweet     D. fresh ○.Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have _____ ones.    A. separate  B. double  C. different    D. lonely ○.The manager wanted to know who wasn’t _____ for the office.    A. good    B. bad     C. fit     D. well ○.A mistake is not serious unless it is _____.    A. made    B. well-known   C. great     D. repeated ○.Mary said that she was _____ able to wash the plates herself.    A. too    B. quite     C. much     D. very ○.Since he began work, he hasn’t _____ asked his father for money.    A. greatly   B. very much    C. badly     D. ever ○.I couldn’t go to the party because of a _____ cold.    A. quick    B. surprising   C. sudden    D. hurried ○.I have been looking for you everywhere. This is the _____ place in the world I would have expected to find you.    A. right    B. last     C. just     D. only 练习（一） ( ) 1. This box is______ that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as ( ) 2. When we speak to people, we should be ______. A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly ( ) 3. This book is______ that one, but______ than that one. A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive ( ) 4. I think the story is not so ______ as that one. A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting ( ) 5. His father began to work______ he was seven years old. A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while ( ) 6. I think science is ______ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important ( ) 7. This pencil is______ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 8. My mother is no ______ young. A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few ( ) 9. These children are ______ this year than they were last year. A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller ( ) 10. It was very hot yesterday, but it is______ today. A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot ( ) 11. Mrs. Black has got______ instead of getting any better. A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse ( ) 12. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with______ students. A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite ( ) 13. The house is ______ small for a family of six. A. much too B. too much C. very much D. so ( ) 14. Through the window we can see nothing but ______ buildings. A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall ( ) 15. -What's your brother like? -He is ______. A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school ( ) 16. The jacket was so______ that he decided to buy it. , A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheap ( ) 17. Our classroom is______ larger than theirs. A. more B. quite C. very D. much ( ) 18. The earth is about______ as the moon. A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big ( ) 19. Your room is ______ mine. A. twice as large than B. twice the same size of C. bigger twice than D. twice as large as ( ) 20. Your room is ______ than mine. A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times 练习（二） ( ) 1. ______ you come back, ______ it will be. A. The quicker, the best B. The sooner, the better C. Faster, the better D. The sooner, better ( ) 2. I like______ one of the two books. A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older ( ) 3. Which is ______ country, China or Japan? A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest ( ) 4. Of the two cups, he bought ______. A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D. smaller ( ) 5. Which do you like ______, tea or coffee? A. well B. better C. best D. most ( ) 6. This work is ______ for me than for you. A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult ( ) 7. Which do you think tastes ______, the chicken or the fish? A. good B. better C. best D. well ( ) 8. The Great Pyramid is about 137 meters high today, but it was once ______. A. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high ( ) 9. Don't you think it ______ not to write the letter? A. well B. better C. best D. good ( ) 10. Who jumped ______ of all? A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far ( ) 11. Li Lei is______ student in our class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest ( ) 12. The fifth orange is______ of all. Give it to that small child. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest ( ) 13. Who is______ of you three? A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older ( ) 14. Tom is one of ______ boys in our class. A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest D. the tall ( ) 15. English is one of______ spoken in the world. A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language ( ) 16. Beijing is one of____ in China. A. the largest city B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities ( ) 17. Most of the woods ______ been taken good care of. A. are B. is C. has D. have ( ) 18. ______ like playing football and watching TV. A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. Most of boys ( ) 19. ______ are here watering the flowers here. A. Some B. Some of the boys C. Some boy D. Some of boys ( ) 20. ______ haven't been to American. A. Most them B. Most they C. More of them D. Most of them 练习（三） ( ) 1. His father is ______ than his mother. A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years ( ) 2. Math is more popular than ______. A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject ( ) 3. China is larger than ______ in Africa. A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country ( ) 4. Tom is stronger than ______ in his class. A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy ( ) 5. When spring comes, it gets ______. A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter ( ) 6. By and by, ______ students in our class came to like English. 　 A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least ( ) 7. At last he began to cry ______. A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder ( ) 8. When spring comes the days get ______ and nights get ______. A. short, long B. long, short C. longer, shorter D. shorter, longer ( ) 9. ______ I look at the picture, ______ I like it. A. The best, the more B. The more, the less C. The more, less D. More, the more ( ) 10. ______ he read the book, ______ he got in it. A. The more, the more interesting B. The less, the more interesting 　 C. The more, the more interested D. More, more interested ( ) 11. ______ is more beautiful than roses. A. No other flower B. No another flower C. Not other flower D. Not all flowers ( ) 12. The tree is ______ in the garden. A. the taller B. the tallest C. taller than of all D. tall. ( ) 13. Mary studies harder______ in her class. A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone ( ) 14. Which is ______, Li Lei or Wu Tong? A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest ( ) 15. Which language is ______, English, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest o D. much more easy ( ) 16. Which is ______ interesting, science, math or English? A. more B. the most C. very D. too ( ) 17. Which city is ______, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful ( ) 18. Which month is ______, June, July or August? A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest ( ) 19. Do you have ______ to tell us? A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything ( ) 20. Mike, I have ______ to tell you. A. important something B. important anything C. something important D. anything important 练习（四） ( ) 1. There is ______ in today's newspaper. A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting ( ) 2. -Is Mrs. Brown badly ill? 　　　 -No, ______. Only a little cold. A. quite well B. nothing serious C. not worry D. anything serious ( ) 3. Come here, I have______ to tell you. A. interesting something B. anything interesting C. nothing interesting D. something interesting ( ) 4. I'm not ______ to lift the heavy box. A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough ( ) 5. The girl works hard ______ to pass the exam. A. enough B. too C. still D. yet ( ) 6. He has______ to think it over. A. many time B. times C. times enough D. enough time ( ) 7. Do you want______ A. else anything B. anything else C. other anything D. else something ( ) 8. Have you seen ______ in the room? A. anyone else B. else anyone C. anyone other D. everyone else ( ) 9. ______ would like to go to the park with me? A. Whom else B. What else C. Who else D. Else who ( ) 10. Wei Fang is only six, but she speaks English______ her mother. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as ( ) 11. She was sick yesterday, but she is______ to go to school today. A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough ( ) 12. This kind of book is______ for the children to read. A. enough well B. enough good C. well enough D. good enough ( ) 13. -Are you feeling ______? -Yes, I'm fine now. A. quite good B. quite better C. any well D. any better ( ) 14. This shirt is no good. That one is even ______. A. better B. worse C. well D. worst ( ) 15. We have never seen___ interesting films. A. such B. such an C. so D. such a ( ) 16. Don't read ______ books ______ you can't understand. A. as; such B. such; as C. same; as D. as; as ( ) 17. This is______ book______ I'd like to read once more. A. such an interesting, that B. so interesting, that C. such an interesting, as D. a so interesting, as ( ) 18 We haven't seen ______ play. A. so wonderful B. a so wonderful C. such wonderful D. such a wonderful ( ) 19. I am twelve. Mike is fourteen. Mary is thirteen. So Mike is the ______ of the three. A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest ( ) 20. My ______ brother is three years ______ than I. A. elder, elder B. older, oldest C. elder, older D. older, elder 练习（五） ( ) 1. His ______ son often go to see him on Sunday. A. eldest B. older C. the eldest D. the older ( ) 2. He is two years ______ than I. A. elder B. smaller C. younger D. less ( ) 3. I think the book is very ______. A. interesting B. interested C. interest D. interests ( ) 4. They were very ______ to see each other again. A. pleased B. surprising C. happily D. angrily ( ) 5. She is very______ the news. A. surprise in B. surprise with C. surprised at D. surprised for ( ) 6. The boys are ______ computers. A. interesting in B. interested C. interesting about D. interested about ( ) 7. -How does Kate like her new work? -She______ with it. A. can't satisfy B. isn't satisfied C. doesn't satisfy D hasn't satisfied ( ) 8. The man was not ______ when he heard the ______ words. A. frightening; frightening B. frightened; frightened C. frightening; frightened D. frightened; frightening ( ) 9. Helen isn't a______ friend of mine. I feel______ sorry for her. A. true, true B. truly true C. true, truly D. truly, truly ( ) 10. I'm sorry. I'm late. My watch is a few minutes ______. A. slower B. slowly C. more slowly D. slow ( ) 11. The song sounds ______. A. sweet B. nicely C. well D. moved ( ) 12. The ship sank______ under the sea. A. deeply B. depth C. deep D. more deep ( ) 13. ______ helped a lot in our country. A. The blind is B. The blind are C. The blinds is D. Blind are ( ) 14. ______ should study hard for their work. A. Young B. The young man C. The young D. The young girl ( ) 15. ______ a happy life in China. A. The old man live B. The old live C. The old is living D. Old live ( ) 16. I don't feel very ​______. A. terribly B. well C. good D. badly ( ) 17. Looking ______ at his mother, the little boy looked ______. A. happy, good B. happy, well C. sadly, sad D. sad, sadly ( ) 18. Mother doesn't feel ______ today. A. good B. well C. nice D. health ( ) 19. In summer eggs will go______ easily. A. terribly B. terrible C. badly D. bad ( ) 20 Jim does morning exercises every day, so he looks very ______. A. tired B. good C. well D. happy 练习（六） ( ) 1. The ______ boy was taken to the nearest hospital. A. ill B. sick C. good D. clever ( ) 2. We are ______ of the work. A. ill B. sick C. full D. filled ( ) 3. He has not been at school, because he is ______. A. ill B. well C. fine D. nice ( ) 4. At last it made them ______. A. happily B. quickly C. friendly D. slowly ( ) 5. We had a ______ meal yesterday evening. A. lively B. likely C. lovely D. love ( ) 6. It is raining hard. He is ______ to be late. A. lovely B. likely' C. lively D. friendly ( ) 7. I This book is very good. It ______ buying. A. worths B. is worth C. worth D. is worthing ( ) 8. The film is very interesting. It is worth ______ a second time. A. seeing B. see C. to see D. seen ( ) 9. I like ______, but I dislike ______. A. skating, swim B. skate, swimming C. to skate, skate D. skating, swimming ( ) 10. I have worked on the problem, so I am feeling tired and ______. A. asleep B. sleepy C. sleeping D. sleep ( ) 11. He lay on the floor and fell ______. A. sleepy B. sleeping C. awake D. asleep ( ) 12. Who is ______ in the next room? A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. sleepy ( ) 13. We have ______ time to do it better. A. not B. no C. no a D. not a ( ) 14. We have ______ water to wash clothes. A. not any B. no C. not a D. no any ( ) 15. I only want to say that I am ______ fool. A. not any B. no a C. no D. no any ( ) 16. Mary's mother bought a ______ coat for her yesterday. A. new big blue silk B. new blue silk big C. new silk blue big D. blue silk new big ( ) 17. My hometown has ______ bridge. A. a stone old fine B. an old stone fine C. a fine old stone D. an old fine stone ( ) 18. That's really silly ______. A. of you to say so B. for you to say so C. of you saying so D. for you saying so ( ) 19. It's important ______ exercise every morning. A. of you to take B. for you to take C. of you taking D. for you ( ) 20. You must drive ______ next time, or there may be another accident. A. more carefully  B. carefully  C. careful  D. more careful 练习（七） ( ) 1. The day is bright and ______. Let’s go for a walk. A. sunny  B. dark  C. cloudy  D. windy ( ) 2. The ice in the lake is about one meter ______. It’s strong enough to skate on. A. long  B. high  C. thick  D. wide ( ) 3. -Can you speak Chinese, Peter ? -Yes, but only ______. A. little  B. few  C. a little  D. a few ( ) 4. - ______ will Mr. Green go back to London?    - In two weeks. A. How often  B. How long  C. How soon  D. How far ( ) 5. Some young people are now ______ to buy private cars. A. rather rich  B. very rich  C. rich enough  D. enough rich ( ) 6. It’s ______ nice of you to help him. A. true  B. truly  C. real  D. really ( ) 7. Don’t go out. It’s raining ______. A. quickly B. heavily  C. loudly D. hardly ( ) 8. - We are going to see a film this evening. Why not go with us? - I have to do many things this evening. I’m ______, you see. A. free  B. glad  C. sorry  D. busy ( ) 9. Look ! ______ beautiful that lake is ! A. What  B. How  C. How a  D. What a ( ) 10. - I’m sure I’ve got a bad cold. - Take this medicine, and you’ll feel ______. A. healthy  B. best  C. good  D. much better ( ) 11. – Excuse me, can you show me ______ to run the machine? - Certainly. A. what B. how  C. whether D. where ( ) 12. I’m still hungry. Could I have two ______ pieces of bread, please? A. much  B. many  C. more D. most ( ) 13. - ______ do you have an English party ?     - Twice a year. A. How often  B. How long   C. How soon  D. When ( ) 14. - Who did it better, Bill or Henry? - I think Bill did just ______ Henry. A. as well as  B. as good as  C. as better as   D. more badly than ( ) 15. Miss Gao asked a question, but it was ______ that nobody could answer it. A. very difficult  B. too difficult  C. difficult enough  D. so difficult ( ) 16. Lucy said she hadn’t heard ______ music before. A. such a beautiful piece of  B. a beautiful  C. so beautiful a  D. such a wonderful ( ) 17. I bought ______ exercise - books with ______ money. A. a few, a few  B. a few, a little  C. a little, a few  D. a little, a little ( ) 18. Li Ming did his homework ______. So he left school last. A. easily  B. quickly  C. happily  D. slowly ( ) 19. - My watch doesn’t work.. Could you mend it, please? - Sorry. But the workers in that watch shop may be ______. A. kind  B. friendly  C. nice D. helpful ( ) 20. I can’t say ______ I want to see you again. It’s a year since I last saw you. A. how often  B. how long  C. how much  D. how soon 形容词的用法辨析 ⑴ whole与all：记住两个词序：① the whole + 名词； ②all (of) the + 名词。如：He was busy the whole morning.(整个早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词) ⑵ tall与high, short与low：指人的个子时用tall与short；指其他事物时一般用high与low。如：He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮) / Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木) / A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上) ⑶ real与true：real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”；而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”。如：This is a real diamond(钻石) and it’s very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵) / --Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗？ 是的,我亲耳所听) ⑷ interested与interesting的区别：interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语。如：The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (这个人很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受) / I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣) ⑸ such用法： such + a(n) + 名词(单数)(+that从句)。如：I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的) boy.(我从来没有见过这么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了这么可怕的事故,他永远也不会忘记) ⑹ good与well：表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well；表示“(身体)好”时用well.如：Doing sports is good for us.(进行运动对我们有益) / Study well and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向上) / --How are you?—I am very well.(你好吗？我很好。) ⑺ nice与fine：的区别：nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等；fine一般指身体或天气好。如：Let’s go and share(分享) the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧) / She is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的姑娘) / What a fine day!(多好的天气！) /He’s fine recently(最近).(近来他身体不错) ⑻ too much与much too：too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量；much too表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词。如：I am full because I have had too much rice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭) / That coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太贵了) ⑼ quick、fast与soon：quick与fast基本同义,quick往往指反应速度快,fast往往指运动速度快,而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生。如：After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家) / A train is much faster than a bus.(火车比公共汽车快得多) / His father will be back to China very soon.(他父亲很快就要返回中国) ⑽lonely与alone：lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是：“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语；alone的意思是：“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。如：He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.(他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独)/ He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him.(他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易) ⑾ other与else的区别：两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同,other放在名词前；else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示“否则”,是连词。如：The other students are on the playground.(其他学生在操场上) / Who else can work out this maths problem?(还有谁能解出着道数学题？) / This is nobody else’s money. It’s mine.(这不是别的什么人的钱,是我的。) / Do you have anything else to say for yourself?(你还有什么要为自己说的吗？ ⑿ special与especial的区别：表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可互换,但special较为常用。另外,special还可以表示特别的目的。如： She pays (e)special attention to clothes.(她非常注重着装) / These are special chairs for small children.(这些是专门给小孩子的椅子) ⒀ gone、lost、missing的区别：gone表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语；lost表示“丢失”,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补；missing表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。如：My fever(高烧) is gone, but I still have a cough.(发烧消退了,但我仍然咳嗽) / The parents found the lost child at last.(家长终于找到了迷路的孩子) / My dictionary is missing.Who’s taken it away?(我的字典不见了,谁拿走了？) / For more detailed information(详情) of the missing girls, please visit our website(网址).(如果想知道失踪女孩们的详情,请访问我们的网站) ⒁ living、alive、live、lively的区别：四个词都来源于动词live“生活、居住”。 living读[‘liviN]有三个意思：①“活着的、现存的”,作表语或定语,②“一模一样的、逼真的”,③相当于lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的”； live读[laiv],指东西“活的”,可以替换为living； alive读[[‘laiv]作表语,指人“活着的”,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面； lively读[‘laivli]有三个意思：①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,②(色彩)鲜艳的,③生动的、真实的。 例如：A living language should be learned orally(口头上).(活的语言应该从口头上学)(被动句) / We have a living hope that you will succeed.(我们强烈地希望你能成功) / Is she still alive?(她还活着吗？) / They are the happiest children alive.(他们是活着的最开心的孩子) / This is a live fish.(这是条活鱼) / A live wire(电线) is dangerous.(有电的电线是危险的) / She is as lively as a kitten(小猫).(她像小猫一样可爱) / He gave a lively description of the football match.(他生动地描述了那场足球赛) ⒂ sick与ill区别：sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是,sick可以做定语、表语,而ill只能做表语。如：He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.(他病了很久,现在非常虚弱) / Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets’ owners like them.(兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物,很受宠物主人们的喜爱) ⒃ the poor(穷人们) / the rich(富人们)等用法：“the+形容词”这一结构可以表示一类人物,复数含义。如：We must try our best to help the poor.(我们应该尽力帮助穷人们) / The rich never know how the poor are living.(有钱人哪知穷人怎么过日子) 有关副词的重要注释 ⑴ as…as…常构成一些词组：as soon as…(一旦…就…), as well as…(同样), as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能……地)。如：Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。)/ Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。) [注释] “as long / much as + 名词”可以表示“长达/多达…”的含义。如：The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)/ They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。) ⑵ later、after、ago、before的用法：①“一段时间+later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于过去时态。②“after/before+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。③ago与before：ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。如：He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故)/ Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)/ Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗？)/ After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。) ⑶ above、below、over、under的用法：在上下方用above和below,在高低处用over和under.如：The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中) / A plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。) 当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。 ⑷ too、also、either、nor的用法：too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开；also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前；either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开；nor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首；如：Are you American,too?(你也是美国人吗？)/ He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。) / He didn’t watch the football game. Nor did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。)/ You can also find the market is very good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。) ⑸ enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的用法： enough (“足够,十分”)放在形容词或副词之后；too(“太”)、very(“非常”)、quite(“相当”)、so(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前,very much(“非常”)放在动词之后。如：It’s too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)/ I don’t like sweets very much.(我不很喜欢糖果) [注意] very与 much的区别：very修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词,much修饰形容词和副词的比较级；much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词,very不可以。如：He is very stupid.(他很笨)/ The film was very moving and everyone swept.(电影非常动人,大家都哭了)/ You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进那所好学校)/ I don’t like him much.(我不太喜欢他) ⑹ sometimes、 sometime、 some times 、some time的用法：sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时、 sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时、 some times(数次)表示次数、some time(一些时间)表示一段时间。如：Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去)/ I will stay here some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。)/ I will meet your father sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。) ⑺ how、what用于感叹句的用法：对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用how,对人或事物(可能含有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用what. 如：What a fine day (it is) today!(今天天气真好！) / How difficult (the problem is)!((问题)真难呀！) ⑻ already、yet的用法：在完成时中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句。如：Have you done it already?(你已经做好了？) / I have not had my breakfast yet.(我还没有吃早饭呢。) ⑼ hard与hardly的用法：hard作为副词意思是：“努力地,猛烈地”,hardly是否定词,意思是：“几乎不”,一般与情态动词can/could连用。如：They study English very hard.(他们英语学得很刻苦)/ You can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰) ⑽ like...very much、like...better(=prefer)、like...best的用法：三个短语分别表示“非常喜欢”、“更喜欢”、“最喜欢”。如：I like baseball very much.(我非常喜欢棒球)/ Do you like butter better than cheese?( / They like hamburgers best. ⑾“quite/what+a+形容词+名词”的用法：记住：①quite/such/what...+a+形容词+名词;②too/so/how+形容词+a+名词;③rather+a+形容词+名词 = a+ rather+形容词+名词。如：I have never seen such a strange guy(家伙).(我从未见过这样奇怪的家伙) / It is quite a nice day for a walk.(这真是散步的好日子) ⑿ how 的几个短语：how often“多常,每隔多久”,用于一般时态,对表示频度的词语进行提问； how soon“多久以后”,用于将来时态； how long“多久”,用于过去时、完成时或其他时态； how many times“多少次”,用于过去时或完成时,对总计次数进行提问； how much“多么,多少”,对程度进行提问,也可以对数量(不可数)或金钱进行提问。如：How long have you been like this?(你这样已经多久了？)/ How often does he wash his face?(他每隔多久洗一次脸？) ⒀ much、more与most的用法：这三个词除了是形容词作名词的修饰语之外,还是程度副词,much表示“很”,修饰原级形/副,more表示“更”用来构成多音节形/副的比较级,most表示“最”用来构成多音节形/副的最高级。此外,much也可以修饰比较级形/副。如：This park is much more beautiful than that one.(这个公园比那个漂亮多了)/ It is the most instructive film I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最有教育意义的电影) ⒁ no more、no longer、not...any more、no...any longer的用法：表示时间,可以用no longer、not...ny more、no...any longer,而且no longer只能放在谓语动词之前；表示程度,可以用no more、not...any more.如：He no longer lived there.(他不再住在那里) / Tom wanted no more cakes. ⒂ 被动语态中,方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间。如： The runner was badly hurt.(赛跑运动员受了重伤) / English is widely spoken in the world today.(如今世界上英语说得很广泛) ⒃ too...to...与so...that...的问题：副词too/so后面跟形容词或副词,to后面跟动词,that后面跟从句。Too...to... (“太.……以致不……”)是否定的结构,用于简单句；so...that...(“如此…以致…”)是肯定结构,用于复合句。如：The child is too young to join the army.(这孩子年龄太小还不能参军)/ He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.(他这么强壮,搬得动那个重箱子。) ⒄ 既是形容词也是副词的单词有：early, late, long, last, next, first, near, enough, much, all, hard, alone, fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。如：It was a long holiday.(那是个长假)/ He stayed there very long.(他在那儿呆了好久)/ Think hard then you will find a way.(好好想你就会找到办法)/ He is a very hard(难对付的) person.(他是个难玩的家伙) ⒅ farther与further的用法区别：表示地点、方向或距离时两个词同义,意思为“更远、较远”,但是further还表示“更多、进一步、额外”等意思,此时不能换为farther. 如：They decided to go farther/further the next day.(他们决定第二天走得再远些)/ This problem will be further discussed.(这个问题还要进一步讨论)/ Every one of them had their further studies after they left college.(他们每个人大学毕业后继续进修) ⒆ rather与quite的用法区别：同very一样,两个词都表示形容词或副词的程度,quite表示“不到最高程度但是比预料的好”,rather比quite更接近very的含义,含有令人惊讶的意思。见下图对“nice”程度的描绘： not nice (fairly) nice quite nice rather nice very nice 如：It’s quite a nice film.(这是部好片子)。(可能意味着不是一部最好的电影) / It’s rather a nice film.(这是部很不错的电影。)(意味着比大多数电影都好) [注意]注意quite与rather后面的次序词序。 ⒇ maybe、possibly、perhaps的区别：maybe“可能、也许”,比另外两个词更不正式、更随便、可能性不大；possibly“可能地、或者、也许”,可能性较大,在否定句和疑问句中表示“无论如何”；perhaps“可能”,较为常用而且正式,可能性也不大。如：You could put it over there,maybe.(也许你可以把它放在那边) / I couldn’t possibly have finished such a long book in such a short time.(我不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么长的一本书)/ I thought perhaps it was the letter you have been expecting.(我以为那也许就是你期盼的信件) (21) most、mostly的区别：most作为形容词和名词时意思是“大多数的、大部分的”,作为副词时意思为“最,十分、很”；mostly仅为副词,意思为“主要地、多半地、大部分地”。如：I was at home most of the time when I was free.(我有空时大部分时间都在家)Most children are naughty.(大部分的孩子都淘气)/ This is the most exciting part of the film.(这是电影中最令人兴奋的部分)/She is mostly out on Sundays.(星期天她一般不在家) (22) (be) worth、(be) worthy of的区别：worth一般被看作是介词,后面接名词或者动名词,用主动表示被动含义,还可以用副词well修饰；worthy of表示“值得的、配得上的”,后面跟动名词的被动形式。如：What is worth doing at all is worth doing well(凡是值得做的,就值得好好去做). / The house is worth ￥300,000.(房子价值30万元)/ This book is well worth reading several times.(这本书值得好好读几遍)/ It is a thing worthy of being seen.(这是一个值得看的东西) (23)almost、nearly的区别：两个词意思相近,都表示“几乎、将近”,大多数情况下可以互换,与否定词连用时用almost不用nearly. almost no 相当于hardly any(几乎没有)。如：He had done almost nothing today.(他今天几乎没有干什么) / We are almost/nearly there.(我们几乎就到那里了)/ Almost nobody/Hardly anybody understood his words.(几乎没有人懂他的话) (24) a bit与a little的区别：这两个名词短语经常当作副词使用,修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级,可以互换,语气比rather弱。如：This digital camera is a bit(a little) expensive.(这台数码相机有点贵)/ It is a little(a bit) colder than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷了点)。另外,a little可以直接加不可数名词,a bit 则采用“a bit + of +名词(不可数或可数名词复数)”的形式。如：I have got a bit of a cold.(我有点感冒)/ Go and get a little water for me, please.(请你去给我搞点水来)[注意] not a bit(=not at all)意为“根本不”,而 not a little则意为“非常,不是一点”。