2014年专业八级考试试题及答案解析(十一)

专业八级 考试试题 高中音乐教师业务考试试题学前班考试试题docoffice办公软件考试试题班组级安全教育考试试题及答案银行业从业资格考试试题 及答案解析(十一) 一、Listening Comprehension (News Broadcast)（共5小题,共5.0分）In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 第1题   The general election will be held on ______. A Friday B Wednesday C Thursday D Monday 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   Britain' s opposition leader said yesterday he had not lost hope of winning this week' s election, despite predictions of a ruling Labor landslide, because Judo had taught him that "to the last second you can win. " Latest opinion polls made grim reading for William Hague's conservatives, with forecasts that Prime Minister Tony Blair' s Labor Party could win Thursday' s general election by between 12 and 23 percentage points. The third major party, the Liberal Democrats, ranged between 15 and 17 per cent. Seven of the country' s nine Sunday newspapers said they endorsed Blair, with only the traditionally conservative Mail and Telegraph remaining loyal to Hague. [解题思路] 注意大选的时间。 [详细解答] 细节判断需要敏锐的捕捉，听新闻的一个技巧就是要对数字以及时问比较敏感，可适当做笔记。 第2题 Mail and Telegraph endorsed ______. A Tony Blair B William Hague C the Liberal Democrats D Labor Party 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 判断邮报支持的对象。 [详细解答] 可依据课外知识，英国的报纸都有一定的政治立场，而邮报是"traditional and conservative, so it remains loyal to William Hague". "endorse"为"to give approval of or support to, esp by public statement; sanction"支持，拥护。 第3题   Palestinians say that ______. A Israeli Prime Minister is sincere to call for ceasefire B Sharon's appeal to stop ongoing violence is a "lie" C they believe this time will soon witness ceasefire D they feel relieved America supports ceasefire 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文]   Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon backed up his call for an immediate ceasefire following eight months of fighting with the Palestinians by ordering Israel' s army to cease all pre-emptive strikes against them. A senior aide to Palestinian President Yasser Arafat termed the truce offer "a lie" and said yesterday a Palestinian "status of self-defence" would continue as long as lsrael occupied land in the west Bank and Gaza strip. US President George W. Bush welcomed Sharon' s statement White House spokesman Ari Fleischer told reporters in Washington on Tuesday: Fleischer added the United States "would welcome a similar statement" from the Palestinians. Sharon called for a ceasefire at a news conference on Tuesday in which he rejected a total freeze of Jewish settlement activity, part of a plan by a US-led committee for ending Israeli-Palestinian violence. "I propose to our neighbours that we work together to reach an immediate ceasefire and hope the Palestinians will answer the call postively," Sharon said at the news conference. " "This is only a manoeuvre by Sharon' s government aimed at allevating international pressure on Israel, which was condemned for excessive use of force," countered the Arafat aide, Ahmed Abdel-Rahman. Israeli soldiers came under Palestinian fire in several parts of Gaza late on Tuesday and a roadside bomb exploded or its border with Egypt, which Israel patrols under interim peace deals, the army said. The soldiers returned fire. Israeli army spokesman Ron Kitrey said that, under the new guidelines, soldiers would "protect themselves and prevent terror attacks, "but would not initiate any fighting with Palestinians. He said they would require government approval to enter areas under Palestinian control or carry out reprisal attacks, a change from a policy where Defence Minister Binyamin Ben-Eliezer had given field commanders a free hand to launch incursions. At least 444 Palestinians, 87 Israelis and 13 Israeli Arabs have been killed since the Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation erupted in late September after peace talks stalled. [解题思路] 弄清Palestinians对于Israeli PM's ceasefire的反应。 [详细解答] 几篇新闻(news)中有一段来反映Palestinians的态度，"truce"为"a temporary cessation of hostilities by agreement; armistice"一停火。 第4题 The Arafat aide thought that Israeli Prime Minister calls for ceasefire because ______. A Sharon's government aimed at alleviating international pressure on Israel B Sharon's government felt guilty of their excessive use of force C Sharon's government is demanded by the United States to stop fire D Sharon's government is opposed by its people 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 找出Israeli PM呼吁停战的真正原因。 [详细解答] 可运用常识，政治没有conscience，所以不会fed guilty．而美国因为petroleum是support Israel的。并且文中有"This is only a manoeuvre by Sharon's government aimed at alleviating international pressure on Israel, which was condemned for excessive use of force"；"manoeuvre"为"(US) maneuvre"—"a strategic or tactical military movement"战略策略，军事技巧；"alleviate"为"to make more bearable."减缓；"aide"为"a military or naval officer acting as an assistant to a superior officer"副官。 第5题 A roadside bomb exploded on Israeli border with Egypt late on Tuesday, and then ______. A Israeli soldiers carried out the appeal to stop fire B Israeli soldiers continue to patrol under interim peace deals C Israeli soldiers returned fire D Israeli soldiers returned fire and soon initiated another fighting 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 判断动作的先后顺序。 [详细解答] 比较容易。"fire"为"the discharge of firearms"战火，文中有"open fire," "return fire", "cease fire"。 二、Reading Comprehension (Comprehension)（共20小题,共20.0分）In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two. 第1题 I was born in Feb. 12,1809,in Hardin County, Kentucky. My parents were both born in Virginia, of undistinguished families--second families, perhaps I should say. My mother, who died in my tenth year, was of a family of the name of Hanks, some of whom now reside in Adams, and others in Macon countries, Illinois. My paternal grandfather, Abraham Lincoln, emigrated from Rockingham County, Virginia, to Kentucky, about 1781 or 1782, where, a year or two later, he was killed by Indians, not in battle, but by stealth, when he was laboring to open a farm in the forest. His ancestors, who were Quakers, went to Virginia from Berks County, Pennsylvania. An effort to identify them with the New - England family of the same name ended in nothing more definite, than a similarity of Christian names in both families, such as Enoch, Levi, Mordecei, Solomon, Abraham, and the like. My father, at the death of his father, was but six years of age, and he grew up, literally without education. He removed from Kentucky to what is now Spencer County, Indiana, in my eighth year. We reached our new home about the time the State came in the Union. It was a wild region, with many bears and other wild animals still in the woods. There I grew up. There were some schools, so-called, but no qualification was ever required of a teacher, beyond "reading, writing, and ciphering" to the Rule of Three. If a struggler supposed to understand Latin, happened to sojourn in the neighborhood, he was looked upon as a wizzard. There was absolutely nothing to excite ambition for education. Of course when I came of age I did not know much. Still somehow, I could read, write, and cipher to the Rule of Three, but that was all. I have not been to school since. The little advance I now have upon this store of education, I have picked up from time to time under the pressure of necessity. I was raised to farm work, which I continued till I was twenty-two. At twenty-one I came to Illinois, and passed the first year in Illinois--Macon County. Then I got to New-Salem( at that time in Sangamon, now in Menard County), where I remained a year as a sort of clerk in a store. Then came the Black-Hawk War; and I was elected a Captain of volunteers--a success which gave me more pleasure than any I have had since. I went the campaign ,was elated, ran for the Legislature the same year (1832) and was beaten--the only time I have been beaten by the people. The next, and three succeeding biennial elections, I was elected to the Legislature. I was not a candidate afterwards. During this legislative period I had studied law, and removed to Springfield to practice it. In 1846, I was once elected to the Lower House of Congress. Was not a candidate for reelection? From 1849 to 1854, both inclusive, practiced law more assiduously than ever before. Always a Whig in politics, and generally on the Whig electoral tickets, making active canvasses. I was losing interest in politics, when the repeal of the Missouri Compromise aroused me again. What I have done since then is pretty well-known. If any personal description of us is thought desirable, it may be said, I am, in height, six feet four inches, nearly; lean in flesh, weighing on an average, one hundred and eighty pounds; dark complexion, with coarse black hair, and grey hair, grey eyes--no other masks or brands recollected. The author is ______. A a friend of Abraham Lincoln's B a writer who gives an account of Abraham Lincoln's biography C Abraham Lincoln himself D Abraham Lincoln's autobiography 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 几个答案暗示其分歧为讲话者在讲别人的生平还是自己的生平，即biography vs. autobiography不用说the speaker talks about something about Abraham Lincoln.在听的过程中注意作者用的人称就能找出正确答案。 第2题 Which of the following statements is TRUE? A The author's mother died when he was only ten years old. B The author's father died when he was six years old. C The author and his family moved to Indiana in his eighth year. D His grandfather was killed by Indians in a battl 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 有关他母亲去世的时间文中非常清楚，但容易错选第二项，因为文中说“我的父亲在他的父亲去世时只有六岁”。 第3题 What was required of a teacher in the author's hometown? A No qualification. B Latin - understanding. C Experiences of traveling around the world. D The basical ability to know how to read, write and compute arithmetically. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 这一题有一定的难度。原文中出现了"no qualification," "a struggler", "understand Latin"，但如果把握了整个句子的含义和结构，作出正确选择是可能的。其中"cipher"为"to compute arithmetically"计算。 第4题 Which events provided much encouragement for Abraham Lincoln in his political career? A The Black - Hawk War and law -practicing. B The Black - Hawk War and the Missouri Compromise. C Farm work and law-practicing. D Law-practicing and the Missouri Compromis 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 此题可运用一定的常识。所谓"event"为"an occurrence or incident, esp. one of significance"事件，而"law-practicing" and "farm work" cannot be called "events"。 第5题 The general tone of this passage can be described as ______. A haughty and sarcastic B condescending and humble C domineering and aggressive D honest and confident 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] "haughty"为"scornfully and condescendingly proud," "sarcastic"为“cutting，often ironic"讥讽的；domineering为“arrogant，tyrannical"盛气凌人；aggressive为“hostile，too bold"过激的。这些词都是derogatory，既然是Abraham Lincoln，答案应该为C。 第6题 Once found "almost entirely in the western United States and in Asia, dinosaur fossils are now being discovered on all seven continents. A host of new revelations emerged in 1998 that promise to reshape scientists' views of dinosaurs, including what they looked like and when and where they lived. It is doubtful that Tyrannosaurus Re had lips or that Triceratops had cheeks, says Lawrence Witmer, an assistant professor of anatomy at Ohio University in Athens, Ohio. Witmer was a leading researcher for a study on dinosaur anatomy that was presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Vertebrate Paleontology, which concluded on October 3 in Snowbird, Utah. Witmer's study reached its conclusions by using high - tech computerized aial tomography (CT or CAT) scans along with comparative anatomy studies. For example, the theory that Triceratops and similar dinosaur species had cheeks was based on past comparisons with mammals such as sheep. But Witmer's careful analysis found the structure of the Triceratops jaw and skull made it more likely that Triceratops had a beak like that of an eagle. Witmer said that scientists should use birds and crocodiles as models when researching the appearance of dinosaurs. In early October scientists announced that they had confirmed the discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur. The dinosaur's bones, found in New Mexico in 1996, are forcing paleontologists to rethink their theories about when ceratopsians migrated to what is now North America. Scientists previously thought that ceratopsians, the group that included the well - known Triceratops, arrived in North America from Asia between 70 million and 80 million years ago. During this time, the late Cretaceous Period, the earth's two supercontinents -- Laurasia in the north and Gondwanaland in the south -- were in the process of pulling apart, cutting dinosaur populations off from each other and interrupting migratory patterns. The fossilized bones, found by eight - year - old Christopher Wolfe and his father, paleontologist Doug Wolfe of the Mesa Southwest Museum in Arizona, date to about 90 million years ago. This could mean that ceratopsians originated in North America and migrated to Asia rather than the reverse, paleontologists said. Doug Wolfe named the important new species of dinosaur Zuniceratops Christopher after his son. An expedition from the University of Alaska in Anchorage and Fairbanks has discovered a region in remote northern Alaska so rich in fossilized dinosaur tracks that team members dubbed it the "dinosaur epressway". The trampled area was found during the summer of 1998 on Alaska's North Slope near the Brooks Range. The team found 13 new track sites and made casts from the prints of five different types of dinosaurs. The rock in which the prints were found dates to more than 100 million years ago, or about 25 million years older than the previously discovered signs of dinosaurs in the Arctic region. Paleontologists said that the new findings provide important evidence that dinosaurs migrated between Asia and North America during the early and mid -Cretaceous Period, before Asia split off into its own continent. Two rich fossil sites in the hills of Bolivia have been recently discovered, exciting paleontologists and dinosaur buffs. This discovery includes one of the most spectacular dinosaur trackways ever found. The discovery of a large site in the mountain region of Kila Kila in southern Bolivia was announced in early October. Here scientists found the tracks of at least two unknown species of dinosaur. These included a large quadruped dinosaur that was probably about 20m (about 70ft) long. The other site, located not far from the Bolivian city of Sucre, was uncovered in a cement quarry by workers several years ago but was not brought to paleontologists' attention until the middle of 1998. The site features a vertical wall covered with thousands of dinosaur prints representing more than 100 different species. The tracks date back to between 65 million and 70 million years ago. Since dinosaurs are believed to have died out around 65 million years ago, the prints were likely made by some of the last dinosaurs on earth. Scientists speculated that the tracks were made at the edge of a lake or swamp and were then hardened and preserved. The rock containing the tracks was then pushed into a vertical position over millions of years of geologic activity. Dinosaur eggs have also been found at the site, which paleontologists are working to preserve before it falls victim to erosion. Paleontologists hope to study the site and learn about the diet and physical characteristics of the dinosaurs that are represented there. Witmer's research leads people to believe ______. A Tyrannosaurus Re had lips and Triceratops had cheeks B dinosaurs might have looked like mammals such as sheep C dinosaurs might not have looked like what we thought D dinosaurs must have looked like birds or crocodiles 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 原文第二段中有It is doubtful that Tyrannosaurus Re had lips or that Triceratops had cheeks，says Lawrence Witmer。所以A不对。第三段中有The theory that Triceratops and similar dinosaur species had cheeks was based on past comparisons with maremals such as sheep。所以B也不对。文中提到恐龙有鹰一样的嘴，且应以鸟和鳄鱼为模版，可知恐龙应是兼具几种动物的特点，不想人们以前所想象的那样。 第7题 The discovery of a new type of ceratopsian dinosaur suggests ceratopsians ______. A migrated to North America around 70 - 80 million years ago B arrived in Asia from North America about 90 million years ago C originated in Asia and later migrated to North America D could have moved to Asia from North America long ago 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] A是科学家们以前的观点。原文中有This could mean that ceratopsians originated in North America and migrated to Asia rather than the reverse, paleontologists said.可知恐龙是由北美迁至亚洲的。可排除A和C。Doug Wolfe发现的化石可追溯到90000000年前。这个时间并非指迁徙时间，故B也不对。 第8题 Newly- found fossilized tracks in Alaska proved that dinosaurs' migration between Asia and North America took place ______. A much earlier than experts previously thought B much later than experts previously thought C after Asia became an independent continent D sometime around 25 million years ago 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 主要依据是下面这句话：The rock in which the prints were found dates to more than 100 mixllion years ago, or about 25 million years older than the previously discovered signs of dinosaurs in the Arctic region. Paleontologists said that the new findings provide important evidence that dinosaurs mixgrated between Asia and North America during the early and mixd - Cretaceous Period, before Asia split off into its own continent。既然是比现已发现的恐龙痕迹还要早25000000年，且是在亚洲成为独立的洲以前，所以只能选A。 第9题 The discovery of dinosaur fossil sites in Bolivia is eciting because of the following reasons EXCEPT ______. A they are found in a continent other than Asia and North Continent B the largest dinosaurs in the world are found in this discovery C there are some unknown species of dinosaurs found this time D the dinosaurs were believed to be some of the last ones on earth 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 文章之提到发现了新的恐龙品种，包括一种长约20米的巨大的恐龙，但并未说其是最大的。所以B是文章中没有也无推出的信息。题目中文哪个原因被排除在外，当然只有B了。A、C、D都在文中有所提及或是可以推论出的。 第10题 The passage focuses on ______. A dinosaur's geographical location B shifting views of dinosaurs C migration patterns of dinosaurs D geologic activity of Earth 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 这是一个提纲挈领的题目，在阅读过全文后，其意也就自见了。通篇谈论的是关于恐龙从亚洲迁到北美，还是从北美迁到亚洲，即B。A是恐龙的地理分布，C是迁徙的方式，D是地球的运动，这些都是为说明B而简单提到的这个中心而服务的，其本身只是一笔带过，并非中心。 第11题 The Land of Disney Predicting the future is always risky. But it's probably safe to say that at least a few historians will one day speak of the 20th -century as America's "Disney era. " Today, it's certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that represents modern America as powerfully as the company that created Mickey Mouse. Globally, brands like Coca - Cola and McDonalds may be more widely - known, but neither encapsulates 20th -century America in quite the same way as Disney. The reasons for Disney's success are varied and numerous, but ultimately the credit belongs to one person--the man who created the cartoon and built the company from nothing, Walt Disney. Ironically, he could not draw particularly well. But he was a genius in plenty of other respects. In business, his greatest skills were his insight and his management ability. After setting himself up in Hollywood, he single - handedly pioneered the concepts of branding and merchandising--something his company still does brilliantly today. But what really distinguished Disney was his ability to identify with his audiences. Disney always made sure his films championed the "little guy", and made him feel proud to be American. This he achieved by creating characters that reflected the hopes and fears of the ordinary people. Some celebrated American achievements -- Disney's very first cartoon Plane Crazy, featuring a silent Mickey House, was inspired by Charles Lindbergh's flight acorss the Atlantic. Others, like the Three little pigs and Snow White and the Seven Dwarves, showed how, through hard work and helping one's fellow man, ordinary Americans could survive social and economic crises like the Great Depression. Disney's other great virtue was the fact that his company--unlike other big corporations--had a human face. His Hollywood studio--the public heard--operated just like a democracy, where everyone was on first - name terms and had a stay in how things should be run. He was also regarded as a great patriot because not only did his cartoons celebrate America, but, during World War 1I , his studios made training films for American soldiers. The reality, of course, was less idyllic, as the public would later learn Disney's patriotism had an unpleasant side. After a strike by cartoonists in 1941. he became convinced that Hollywood bad been infiltrated by Communists. He agreed to work for the FBI as a mole, identifying and spying on colleagues whom he suspected were subversives. But, apart from his affiliations with the FBI, Disney was more or less the genuine article. A new book, The Magic Kingdom: Walt Disney and the American Way of Life, by Steven Watts, confirms that he was very definitely on the side of ordinary Americans--in the 30s and 40s he voted for Franklin Roosevelt, believing he was a champion of the workers. Also, Disney was not an apologist for the FBI, as some have suggested. In fact, he was always suspicious of large, bureaucratic organisations, as is evidenced in films like That Darned Cat, in which he portrayed FBI agents as bungling incompetents. By the time he died in 1966, Walt Disney was an icon like Thomas Edison and the Wright Brothers. To business people and filmmakers, he was a role model; to the public at large, he was "Uncle Walt" --the man who had entertained them all their lives, the man who represented all that was good about America. Since his death, not much has changed. In 1986, he was attacked as a Mc Carthyist, a supporter of big business, and a purveyor of "subliterate" entertainment. However, none of it has made any difference to the general public. Their loyalty to Uncle Walt remains as strong as ever. What is the most distinguished feature of Disney? A Disney was created and built by a person who drew cartoons and set up a company from nothing. B Disney films were able to reflect the hopes and fears of ordinary people. C Disney had affiliation with the FBI. D Disney respected the rights belonging to everyone and possessed the democratic atmospher 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生阅读最关键内容的能力。 [详细解答] The Land of Disney has many features, say, Walt Disney, who created the cartoon and built the company from nothing. 但pay attention to what distinguishs Disney. "identify with"为"to associate oneself closely with a person or group…"认同于。 第12题 Walt Disney became an icon after his death not because ______. A he was a role model to business people and filmmakers B he could entertain the public at large all their lives C he was a purveyor of "subliterate" entertainment D he could represent all that was good about America 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生是否能够准确判断非事实。 [详细解答] A、B、D在文中第7段出现了，只是为perogatory。"atlarge"为"as a whole; in general", "purveyor"为"the person who supples". "Subliterate"供应者；中的"sub"为prefix—"lower in rank; inferior"，而"literate"为"knowledgeable; well-read; well-writ-tell.\ 第13题 We live in southern California growing grapes, a first generation of vintners, our home adjacent to the vineyards and the winery. It's a very pretty place, and in order to earn the money to realize our dream of making wine, we worked for many years in a business that demanded several household moves, an incredible amount of risk- taking and long absences from my husband. When it was time, we traded in our old life, cinched up our belts and began the creation of the winery. We make small amounts of premium wine, and our lives are dictated by the rhythm of nature and the demands of the living vines. The vines start sprouting tiny green tendrils in March and April, and the baby grapes begin to form in miniature, so perfect that they can be dipped in gold to form jewelry. The grapes swell and ripen in early fall, and when their sugar content is at the right level, they are harvested carefully by hand and crushed in small lots. The wine is fermented and tended until it is ready to be bottled. The vineyards shed their leaves, the vines are pruned and made ready for the dormant months - and the next vintage. It sounds nice, doesn' t it? Living in the country, our days were spent in the ancient routine of the vineyard, knowing that the course of our lives as vintners was choreographed long ago and that if we practiced diligently, our wine would be good and we' d be successful. From the start we knew there was a price for the privilege of becoming a winemaking family, connected to the land and the caprices of nature. We work hard at something we love, we are slow to panic over the daily emergencies, and we are nimble at solving problems as they arise. Some hazards to completing a successful vintage are expected: rain just before harvesting can cause mold; electricity unexpectedly interrupted during the cold fermentation of white wine can damage it; a delayed payment from a major client when the money is needed. There are outside influences that disrupt production and take patience, good will and perseverance. For example, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms regulates every facet of the wine business. A winery's records are audited as often as two or three times a year and every label--newly written for each year's vintage--must be approved... But the greatest threat to the winery, and one that almost made us lose heart, came out of a lawyer's imagination. Our little winery was served with a notice that we were named in a lawsuit accusing us of endangering the public health by using lead foils on our bottles (it was the only material used until recently) "without warning consumers of a possible risk. " There it was, our winery's name listed with the industry's giants... ... I must have asked a hundred times: "Who gets the money if the lawsuit is successful.'?" The answer was, and I never was able to assimilate it, the plaintiffs and their lawyers who filed the suit! Since the lawsuit was brought in behalf of consumers, it seemed to me that consumers must get something if it was proved that a lead foil was dangerous to them. We were told one of the two consumer claimants was an employee of the firm filing the suit! There are attorneys who focus their careers on lawsuits like this. It is an immense danger to the small businessman. Cash reserves can be used up in the blink of an eye when in the company of lawyers. As long as it's possible for anyone to sue anybody for anything, we are all in danger. As long as the legal profession allows members to practice law dishonorably and lawyers are congratulated for winning big money in this way, we' ll all be plagued with a corruptible justice system. The phrase "cinched up our belts," in the first paragraph, suggests that the couple ______. A thought creating a winery would be easy. B wore clothing that was too big. C strapped their belongings together and moved. D prepared for the difficult work ahea 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] cinch本意指“给马系上肚带"，这里用的是其比喻义，指做好准备。 第14题 The grapes are harvested on a date that ______. A may vary. B is traditionally set. C depends on the official approval. D is determined by availability of pickers. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 原文中有“…and when their sugar content is at the right level, they are harvested carefully by hand."由此可知，收获的具体时间由自然规律决定，每年会在一定范围内变动。葡萄的成熟不会受人们的风俗、好恶影响，更无需官方的批准。 第15题 According to the author, the life of vintners is most controlled by ______. A the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms. B unexpected changes in temperature. C the sugar content of the grapes. D the tempo of the seasons. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 由原文的句子"and our lives are dictated by the rhythm of nature and the demands of the living vines."可知。Rhythm of nature和tempo of the seasons是同义语，dictate和control是同义语。 第16题 The writer complains that when she questioned the lawyers she ______. A never got an answer. B never got a simple answer. C could make no sense of the answer. D could not believe what she got. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 因为当她问及官司打赢了谁会受益时，被告知受益者将是原告和其诉讼律师。她感到无法理解。make no sense of 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示不能理解。 第17题 The writer thinks that the legal profession ______. A strives to protect consumers. B includes rapacious attorneys. C does a good job of policing its members. D is part of an incorruptible system. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 从文章最后一段可以看出，作者对律师极为不满，认为他们极不公正，靠诉讼掠夺财富，对小本商人是巨大的灾难。 第18题 Cyberia--Internet Cafes Eva Pascoe rides to work on a motorbike. Her business wardrobe features such items as black leggings, furry leopard - skin jumpers, a faded denin jacket and biking leathers. She looks as if she might be a trendy market manager, or someone who works the day shift in a student cafe. In fact she is a very rich, very successful businesswoman. Pascoe's business base is in the city of London, not far from the uban loft space she owns in a fashionable city residential area. But she is as likely to be found at business meetings in Tokyo, New York or Paris. At the age of 31, Pascoe is the brain behind Cyberia, which she claims is the world's first "cyberia cafe. " At Cyberia, experienced Internet surfers can play with the latest cyber technology--Net virgins can learn how to log on - while munching their way through what she describes as an "obscene nacho sandwich" or any of the other dishes offered on the highly priced Cyberia menu. Pascoe founded Cyberia with partner Gene Teare in September 1994. Since then, the company has turned over approximately 5 million pounds. Before the end of 1996 Pascoe intends to float the company on the stock market. Yet the venture started out very modestly, in a small cafe behind London's Tottenham Court Road. The decor there is strictly lowly-stripped floors, distressed walls, ambient music, funky art-yet it has turned into a global concept. Today, Cyberia cafes can be found in the British cities of Manchester and Edinburgh, and in Paris, Tokyo and New York. On the list for future Cyberia are Glasgow, Lisbon, San Franciso, Moscow and Delhi. The company is diversifying fast. Multimedia training and development sessions are held in the Trans-Cyberia and Sub-Cyberia basement venues beneath the cafes themselves. There is a range of Cyberia designer accessories, such as T - shirts and mousepads. The company even boasts an online dating agency. The Cyberia magazine was launched early in 1996, while the world's first online "television station", Channel Cyberia, launched in Britain in May. Cyberia Records--copies of Samples taken from the Net, for use by DJs--is promised before long. Pascoe is unstoppable, a cyberspace version of the entrepreneur Richard Branson. She grew up in rigidly communist Poland, but has made the transformation to free - wheeling business entrepreneur with incredible ease. At first, however, the prospects for Cyberia did not look good. At the lunch of the first cafe,Pascoe spent most of her day trying to buy an espresso machine that could make good coffee. "It was incredibly disorganised," says someone who worked there as a cyberhost. "There was no proper kitchen. Four out of the five company directors had other jobs. " Eighteen months on, many insiders say things are not much changed. "It's half - cocked," says Ivan Pope, who runs a nearby design agency. "You never get served. The coffee's always cold. It's chaos. " Indeed, many industry analysis are sceptical about Pascoe's ambitions. "Cyberia is simply a restaurant chain with a grimmick," says David Tabizel, director of a multimedia company based in the city of London. Cyberia's trick, however, was to spot--before anyone else--that the Internet was about to turn into an everyday resource. "They managed to capture the mysterious zeitgeist of where people want to be, "says John Browning, editor - in - chief of Wired magazine. The company had brilliant branding, too. "It's a great name," says David Tabizel, noting the play on words with Siberia, the vast, desolate region in the north of Russia. Another advantage, say analysts, is the company's decision not to open clones of its original restaurant in each new location. Every Cyberia is tailored to its city's needs. It is doubtful that anything would have come of the idea if Pascoe had not been behind it from the start. She has been described variously as" weird and intense", "a magnificent self-publicist", " very charismatic, very smart", "a pioneer in integrating people and technology"; "an evangelist for the Internet". She is, indeed, an unstoppable force of nature. "I don' t need that much sleep," she says, in her slightly broken English, downing another black coffee. "Around four or five hours is enough for me. " Possessions tie her down. "My security is my knowledge... Because information changes so quickly and I get so much input from the Net, I have to keep my home life simple. My apartment is full of white walls... There's nothing to distract me. "She gets online at 7 a. m. ,works weekends, is rarely home before midnight. She can' t remember her last holiday. Even on weekend trips to see friends in Spain and get some sun she takes her laptop. She has a contract for a book on interfaces; she is trying to write up her PhD thesis on human computer interaction. "I don't usually eat until the evening," she says. "I find it distracts my energy. \ Which one has not been developed at Cyberia according to the text? A The Cyberia magazine. B An online dating agency. C Cyberia Records. D Cyberia Supermarket. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生对非事实判断的能力。 [详细解答] 在第5段"The company is diversifying fast."其中提到"an online dating agency, " "the Cyberia magazine," and "Cyberia Records." "cyber"有"net"之意，e. g. cyber guard，网络警察。 第19题 What is the particular way of Cyberia? A Cyberia is built by a woman who grew up in rigidly communist Poland. B Cyberia is a restaurant chain spreading all over the world. C Cyberia is able to capture the mysterious zeitgeist of where people want to be. D Cyberia boasts many different kinds of businesses. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生对最主要事实的判断能力。 [详细解答] 在第7段"Cyberia's trick was to spot, before anyone else, that the Internet was about to turn into an everyday resource, " and "they managed to capture the mysterious zeitgeist of where people want to be." "zeitgeist"为"the taste and outlook characteristic of a period or generation.\ 第20题 How do people evaluate Eva Pascoe? A A very charismatic and smart businesswoman. B A conformist. C A supporter of knowledge. D A pioneer in combining technology and money - makin 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [试题分析] 考查学生正确判断的能力。 [详细解答] 第8段中"She has been described variously as 'weird and intense'. 'a magnificent self-publicist', 'very charismatic, very smart', 'a pioneer in integrating people and technology' , 'an evangelist for the Internet…; "charismatic"为"of or relaing to a personal quality attributed to those who arouse fervent popular devotion and enthusiasm"领导魅力。 三、Listening Comprehension ( Interview )（共5小题,共5.0分）the next questions are based on an interview with an architect. At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the interview. 第1题 From the conversation we get the impression that ______. A Jassie and Pauline are classmates B Jassie is an overseas student from America C Pauline and Jassie are talking about a picture D They are having American geography 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] 1-5 Jassie: Wo! It' s very beautiful and I' ve dreamed of coming here a thousand times. Mr. Bond, it' s very kind of you to take us here. Pauline: Call me Pauline after class, please. Jassie: OK. Here is the executive mansion of the President of the United States. And from the book, it is on the south side of Pennsylvania Ave. , Washington, D. C. , facing Lafayette Square. Panline: You' ve been here for only two weeks. And I think you know a lot about America. Jassie: I tried to read everything about America when I knew parents would send me here to study. Pauline, would you like to tell me anything else about this building? Its design is really simple but stately. Panline: You see, the building is constructed of Virginia freestone. The main entrance is a portico of high cumic columns reaching from the ground to the roof pediment. The main building is four stories high. The east and west terraces, the executive office, the east wing, and a penthouse and a bomb shelter have been added. In the White House, there are four state reception rooms. The East Room is the largest and most formal of them. Large receptions are usually held in the East Room. The elliptical Blue Room is the scene of many social, diplomatic, and official receptions. The Red Room and the Green Room are used for private and quasi-official gatherings. Jassie: It was designed by James Hoban, wasn' t it? Pauline: Yes. And George Washington chose the site. It can be said to be the oldest public building in Washington, and its cornerstone had been laid in 1792. John Adams was the first President to live here. This buiding was restored after being burned in 1814 by British troops, and the smoke-stained gray stone walls were painted white. Despite popular myth this cognomen was applied to the building some time before it was painted. The name became official when President Theodore Roosevelt had it engraved upon his stationery. Part of the house was rebuilt on a steel-supporting frame from 1949 to 1952. The grounds cover about 18 acres. Jassie: With broad lawns, fountains, trees, and gardens, they are more attractive. Eh! Look, Pauline. Nora and Michael are taking photos. Let' s go and join them. I figure, this way of teaching is much better than we stay in the classroom reading American Geography. [解题思路] Jassie与Pauline的relationship是问题的重点。 [详细解答] Jassie为"an overseas student"，但不是来自America，听完整个dialogue，可以知道"they are haying class by coming on the scene". 第2题 What has Jassie already known about White House? A White House is on the south side of Pennsylvania Ave. , Washington,D.C., facing Lafayette Square. B The east and west terraces, the executive office, the east wing, and a penthouse and a bomb shelter are added to the main building. C It was designed by James Hoban on a site chosen by George Washington. D It is the oldest public building in Washington. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 细节判断，弄清Jassie来之前对白宫的了解程度。 [详细解答] 注意Jassie的content。"She knows that it is the executive mansion (官邸) of American President and it lies on the south side of Pennsylvania Ave. Washington. D. C. facing Lafayette Square."后面的选择项均为干扰项。 第3题 Which one is oval in shape in White House? A The East Room. B The Red Room. C The Blue Room. D The Green Room. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 注意白宫中的reception rooms中有一个“椭圆的”。 [详细解答] Pauline在听完Jassie对White House的了解之后，补充了许多relevant details，其中与题目相关的就涉及到four state reception rooms，其中thd Blue room为"elliptical,"意思是"of or shaped like a plane curve that is the locus of points for which the sum of the distance from each point to two fixed points is equal."。 第4题 Who is the first President to live in White House? A Theodore Roosevelt. B John Adams. C George Washington. D Thomas Jefferson. 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清入住白宫的第一位总统。 [详细解答] Theodore Roosevelt, John Adams, George Washington分别在conversation中被提到，但George Washington is the one who chose the site for this building，而Theodore Roosevelt ingraved tile name of White House upon his stationery and made this name official。 第5题 According to the conversation which statement about the name of the White House is True? A It became official before President Theodore Roosevelt had it engraved upon his stationery. B It derives the name from the color of the building. C The building was restored after being burned in 1814, so the smoke - stained gray stone walls were painted white. D Actually the cognomen "White House" was applied to the building some time before it was painte 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 仔细分析有关“白宫”命名的来历。 [详细解答] B、C均为popular myth，即"It derives the name from the color of the building,"故不能选，cognomen为"surname，or nickname"名称。 none、四（共Listening Comprehension ( Mini-Lecture )小题,10共分）10.0 第1题 Information Superhighway at Work The changes in how we communicate make it necessary to change how we think about communication. The Information Superhighway is a new way of looking at (1) communication. It can be broken down into four components. People are the travelers and (2) of the Superhighway. Many people plan, design, establish, maintain, and develop the appliances of the Superhighway. Others investigate the news, do the programming, and produce ideas. (3) is the information on the Superhighway. It travels over the Superhighway and remains as varied as the people who send and receive it. Networks are the roadways that carry information between appliances. They are used to (4) data, graphics, and video across neighborhoods, states and countries. Right now, we become familiar with television, radio, telephone, (5) and wireless networks. Appliances are the (6) of the Information Superhighway. They are the devices people use to (7) , send, and receive information. Many appliances, such as telephones, fax machines, computers and modems, are popular nowadays. The Information Superhighway is the combination and (8) of all four components, and it wll connect us all and (9) everyone. Now, the Information Superhighway is under (10) , and very soon more lanes are to be added in an ever-growing network of communications information, innovation, and opportunity. 【正确答案】： 答案:electronic [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [听力原文] 1-10 Information Superhighway At Work The Information Superhighway is a new way of looking at electronic Communication. It can be broken down into four components : people, content, networks, and appliances. People are the travelers and builders of the superhighway. We travel the superhighway every time we make a phone call, receive a fax , watch TV, or search the World Wide Web. Today, in many American communities, teachers, school administators, and librarians use the Information Superhighway to find new information and materials, share ideas and lesson plans with colleagues, and bring guests and experts to their classrooms. Communities use it to relay local information and to reach out the world beyond them. Families send e-mail to each other, research vacation destinations, and share informations on child nutrition via the information Superhighway. The Information Superhighway also create jobs. Many people plan, design, build, maintain, and develop the networks and appliances of the superhighway. Others investigate the news, create the programming, and come up with the ideas that make our journeys on the superhighway informative and entertaining. Content is the information on the superhighway. People created the Information Superhighway to share ideas, entertainment, and data quickly, easily, and over great distances. The content that travels over the superhighway is as varied as the people who send and receive it. It can be a comedy show transmitted over broadcast or cable television networks, or it can be an e-mail message between old friends. It can also be the voice mail of a school principal, or the online database of a small business. Today, every kind of information can be transmitted to anywhere at anytime. The content carried over the superhighway is immense and growing constantly. Are you looking for a play or a poem by Shakespeare? It' s out there. You need not worry if you have no time to visit a library during work hours. The Library of Congress and hundreds of other public libraries around the world are electronically open for everybody, at any time of the day or night. You can even download country profiles from the CLA's world fact book. And newspapers are making their archives available on the Information Superhighway to allow readers to compile an individual collection of stories or receive a personalized copy of the paper. Networks are the roadways that carry content between appliances. When you make a phone call to a friend, it is a network that connects you. Today, phone, cable, fiber-optic, and satellite networks are used to carry many different forms of information in addition to voice communication. They are used to transmit data, graphics, and video across neighborhoods, states, and countries. And these networks are connected to each other thanks to the National Information Infrastructure. The Internet includes computer networks connected by satellites, cables, and telephone wires. The Information Superhighway includes many different networks that can connect at various junctions, just as streets, state roads, and interstate highways all connect. Right now, we are now familiar with television, radio, and telephone networks. However, fiber-optic and wireless networks are increasingly providing us with faster and more far-reaching communications. Appliances are the on-ramps of the Information Superhighway. They are the devices people use to access, send, and receive content. Many appliances, such as telephones and fax machines, are already used in homes and work places. Others, like computers and modems, are becoming increasingly more common. The Information Superhighway is the combination and interaction of all four components. People create content and use appliances to send and receive it over networks. And it has influenced us a lot. Beepers and cellular telephones connect doctors with their offices and patients anywhere and anytime. Cable TV brings a wealth of educational and entertainment channels into our homes. Teleconferencing allows us to talk face-to-face with colleagues and teachers across the country. In education, in business, and in private life, the Information Superhighway benefits everyone. The education community benefits from access to new and exciting resources on the information Superhighway. Teachers go online to discuss issues with colleagues and to download lesson plans. Students access information, visit places of interest around the country and the world, and use university libraries to do research. Administrators exchange ideas across the country. Parents contact teachers by voice mail or e-mail. The Information Superhighway is an excellent forum for debate, as well as a place for like-minded individuals to come together. The way we work is changing profoundly. Technology already enables networked companies to share data and ideas between offices. Soon, collaborating on a project with colleagues far and near will be as easy as walking into an office down the halt. A personal computer with a modem allows insurance agents, for example, to hook up to the database at their headquarters, to search for and retrieve client files, get up-to-the-minute rate information, and speed up processing. Now, the Information Superhighway is under construction, but unlike a road waiting for a ribbon-cutting ceremony, the superhighway is aheady open. Every month more onramps and lanes are being added, linking small towns, cities, states, and countries in an ever-growing network of communications information, innovation, and opportunity. [解题思路] 信息的类别。 [详细解答] "electronic"电子的来自"electron"—"a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity"电子；"electric"为"of or operated by electricity"电的。 第2题 【正确答案】： 答案:builders [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 信息高速公路需要人的参与，弄清人的作用。 [详细解答] Travelers and builders are two kinds of people who are connected with the Superhighway. 第3题 【正确答案】： 答案:content [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清信息高速公路上的information的“术称”。 [详细解答] Ideas, entertainment, data are all called information. "content"为"the meaning or significance of a literary or artistic work"内容；"information"为"a collection of facts or data"信息。 第4题 【正确答案】： 答案:transmit [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清网络的作用。 [详细解答] "transmit"为"send from one person, thing, or place to another"传送；Networks are just used to send varied kinds of data, graphics, and video across states, countries. 第5题 【正确答案】： 答案:fiber-optic [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清网络的种类。 [详细解答] "fiber-optic"为"of the technology of light transmission through very fine, flexible glass or plastic fibers."光纤的。 第6题 【正确答案】： 答案:on-ramps [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清appliances的含义。 [详细解答] "appliances"为"devices, esp, those operated by gas, or electricity, designed for household use"设备，装置；"on-ramps"为"inclined surfaces or roadways connecting different levels"斜坡。 第7题 【正确答案】： 答案:access [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清获得如何表达。 [详细解答] "access"为"v. to obtain；n. a means of approachig or entering"。 第8题 【正确答案】： 答案:interaction [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清四者之间的关系。 [详细解答] "interaction"由"interact"来。"inter"是"prefix, between, among; mutual, reciprocal"之意，而"interact"为"to effect on each other"互相作用。 第9题 【正确答案】： 答案:benefit [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清信息高速公路的作用。 [详细解答] "benefit"为"to be helpful or advantageous to"有利于。 第10题 【正确答案】： 答案:construction [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 [解题思路] 弄清the Information Superhighway目前发展状态。 [详细解答] "construction"为"the act, process, or business of building"建设。 none、五（共Proofreading and Error Correction小题,10共分）10.0 第1题 The British Empire was once home to third of the [1] ______ world's population. But, with the return of Hong Kong and its six million inhabitants to China, only 180,000 people in 12 populated territories now themselves as British colonial subjects. [2] ______ Britain's imperial expansion, which continued for 400 years, was motivated by the desire to acquire the wealth, and to [3] ______ maintain the British navy's control of the seas. Today, that flow of wealth has reversed and most of the "dependent territories", [4] ______ as these colonies are known ,require some financial support from Britain. It was with the granting of independence to India in 1947 Britain [5] ______ started to dismantle its empire. It was relative easy to give independence [6] ______ to the larger colonies - indeed, most campaigned vigorously for self - rule-- but the small dependencies ,which were less economically viable ,preferred [7] ______ to remain beyond British rule. [8] ______ Most are still unwilling to cut these old ties, chiefly for financial reasons. Since 1990, Britain has provided its dependencies with ￡ 153 million in aid, and for many this money is a lifeline. Even Britain's rich [9] ______ territory, Bermuda, wants to maintain its links with the UK. In a referendum in 1995 voters overwhelmingly rejected dependence. [10] ______ Bermuda is Britain's oldest colony and it earns much of its income through banking and other financial services. 【正确答案】： 答案:to Λ third: a or one [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 “世界三分之一人口”为“a third of the world's population. ” “三分之一”为“fraction”，可以写为one third，or a third，故此处可有两种答案供参考。 第2题 【正确答案】： 答案:now Λ themselves: count or regard [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 这一句要结合前后的句子的意思与结构进行分析。with短语为原因状语，故下一句是a complete sentence，但只有主语，故缺少谓语动词。"subjects"为"those who are under the rule of another, especially those who we allegiance to a government or ruler; equal to citizen." "count"为"to believe or consider to be."填regard也可以。 第3题 【正确答案】： 答案:the: to be deleted [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 "wealth"为"all goods and resources having economic value"，是一种泛指状态，故应省略the。从下一句中的"that flow of wealth"也可得到启示。 第4题 【正确答案】： 答案:has Λ reversed: been [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 弄清楚此句的意思是关键。most of the "dependant territories" require some financial support from Britain，与Britain desired to acquire wealth from these countries相悖，所以应为has been reversed被颠倒过来了。“reverse”为“to turn around to the opposite direction or position”颠倒。 第5题 【正确答案】： 答案:1947 Λ Britain: that [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 it is…that是强调句型。“正是1947年准予印度独立，英国就是从那时起开始拆散其帝国的。”“grant”为“to consent to the fulfillment of” “dismantle”为“to take apart; tear down; disassemble”拆散。 第6题 【正确答案】： 答案:relative: relatively [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 副词修饰形容词。 第7题 【正确答案】： 答案:small: smaller [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 结合上下文，理解它们的含义。The larger colonies campaigned for self-rule, and how about the smaller ones.他们的关系是parallel or analogous. “viable”为“capable of living or developing urder favorable conditions”能生存的。 第8题 【正确答案】： 答案:beyond: under [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 前面的意思理解了，这一处应该很容易被发现为“在英国统治之下”，because these less - economically—-capable dependencies need support from Britain。 第9题 【正确答案】： 答案:rich: richest [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 体会even的含义，表示一定的程度。 第10题 【正确答案】： 答案:dependence: independence [本题分数]： 1.0 分 【答案解析】 继续依据上下文的连贯，不难发现错误所在。“referendum”为“the submission of a proposed public measure or actual statute to a direct popular vote”投票权；“overwhelming”为“of defeating completely”压倒一切的；“reject”为“to discard as defective or usuless；oppose”反对。 六、Chinese to English （本大题1小题．每题10.0分，共10.0分。Translate the following underlined part of the text into English. ） 第1题 将近九十年以后，毛姆在一次广播讲话里用自己的话重申了这个看法，并作了发挥。如果我没有理解错的话，毛姆先生说的是：人的头脑的基本构造之中具有一种东西，它非常喜欢甚至要求听人讲故事，讲一个开头、中间、结尾都齐全的故事。他还说，现代有些作家过分热衷于剖析心理和进行论证，忽视讲故事要注意完整性这一重要特点，结果使得侦探故事普遍趋于一般化。我感到这两位十分不同的作家所作的精辟论断相得益彰，都是很有启发的。柯林斯是要“讲一个故事”，就在这讲故事的过程中，他形成了侦探小说家所需要的条理性和善于作细致描写的本领。   【正确答案】： 答案: [参考译文] Nearly ninety years later Somerset Maugham, in a broadcast talk, reiterated that opinion in his own words and elaborated it further. Mr. Maugham, if I understood him aright, stated that there is something in the fundamental makeup of the human mind which delights in, and even demands, a story—a story with a beginning, a middle, and an end. It is, he said, because some modern novelists, over-anxious to develop psychology and dialectic, neglect this essential completeness in story telling，that the vogue of the detective story has become so general. [本题分数]： 10.0 分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] “reiterate”为“to say again or repeatedly”，“elaborate”为“to express at greater length or in greater detail”此篇译文在“人的头脑的基本构造之中……的故事”中需要舍译，用上定语从句为“something that”；其中还可以运用减译法，“要求听人讲故事”为“demands a story”。下面一句运用舍译法，用上强调句型“it is because…that…”；其中“剖析心理和进行论证”可运用词类转移法，为“phychology and dialectic，”而“讲故事要注意完整性这一重要特点”为“this essential completeness”，“vogue”为“the prevailing fashion，practice or style”，“结果使得侦探故事普遍趋于一般化”则可以运用词序调整法，为“the vogue of the detective story has become so general”。 七、English to Chinese （本大题1小题．每题10.0分，共10.0分。Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. ） 第1题 Alice was a B - plus student through her first three years at college. During the winter holidays in her senior year, while she was driving during a storm, her car ran off the road and hit a tree. Alice banged her head on the steering stake but never lost consciousness. She was treated for bruises arel discharged from the hospital within a day. But, back at her studies, she began to have difficulties. Suddenly her As and Bs were gone. She had trouble remembering what she' d read and was irritable and easily distracted. Alice was referred to a neuropsychologist for further examination. Although her IQ hadn' t changed and standard neurological tests were normal, detailed neuropsychological tests showed she was having memory problems. She could still process new information, but it took longer than before and she became" overloaded" if she tries to do too much at once. Head injuries are often fatal, or of sufficient severity to require the hospitalisation of victims. But there is a large group of people who sustain head injuries which can go undetected through ordinary medical examination. There are the people who seemingly recover from their injuries but still suffer subtle intellectual and behavioural effect that may seriously impair their ability to work and interact normally with other people. They are the victims of what experts call a" silent epidemic. "Some never lost consciousness and others never even suffered a direct blow to the head, yet brain damage occurred. 【正确答案】： 答案: [参考译文] 于是找了一位神经心理学家为爱丽丝作进一步检查。虽然她的智力商数没有发生变化，常规神经检查结果正常，但详细的神经心理检查表明，她的记忆力存在问题，她仍然能够处理新的信息，但花的时间比以前长，如果一次处理得太多，就会显得“负担过重”了。头部受伤往往会造成死亡，或者伤势严重，需要让病人住院治疗，但是有许多，虽然头部受伤，医院的常规检查却不能发现，这样的人受伤以后似乎得到了恢复，但是他们仍然在智力方面或行为方面有后遗症，这会严重损伤他们的工作能力，和与别人进行正常交往的能力，专家们管这种人患的病叫做“不易觉察的流行病”。有的人根本没有失去知觉，有的人甚至头部根本没有受到撞击，然而脑子却受了伤。 [本题分数]： 10.0 分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 第一句可能运用语态变换法。“Alice was referred to a…”为“找了一位神经心理学家为她作进一步检查”；“She became 'overloaded' if she tried to do too much at once”结合上文翻译可选用词序调整法和减译法——“如果一次太多，就会显得负担过重”；“Head injuries are often fatal，or of sufficient severity to require the hospitalisation of victims”可运用词类转移法，——“头部受伤往往会造成死亡，或伤势严重，需要让病人住院治疗”；“These are the people who seemingly recover from ther injuries…”可运用分译法，将定语从句分开表达。其中“silent epidemic”译为“不易觉察的流行病”运用了意译法；“epidemic”为“a contagious disease that spreads rapidly”。 八、Writing（本大题1小题．每题20.0分，共20.0分。 ） 第1题 China witnesses great success in economical development after its adoption of the policy of reform and openness to the outside world. But the economical prosperity, at the same time, brings about the overwhelming appearance of fake commodities causing enormous economical loss. Write an essay about 400 words, expressing your view on fake commodities. In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 【正确答案】：答案: [Sample Writing] Combat Fake Goods Now, we live in a society with sufficient goods, all kind of products jamming the cabinets of shops and markets. Millions of consumers, with brilliant faces full of smile on, rush out from stores with bags of foods, clothing, etc. At home, however, inside the dedicate pack they find the food taste bad, the clothing' s color fade, which make them upset and depressed. There is a humorous story, which describes, such a situation vividly: a person who wants to kill himself survives, because the poisonous liquid he drinks is fraudulent, too. So, we should combat false goods. Now, more and more citizens called for movements to prevent fakes from being distributed. But it is too ridiculous to see such a conflictive vision: on one hand consumers expect the shops not to sell fakes, an the other hand they hunt for the cheapest goods with beautiful appearance without paying enough attention to the quality. Now that consumers "need" fakes, sellers provide what they need, what is more critical, which simultaneously can bring more ramp to them. And so do the manufactures. It is the link and soft management of administration that produce the flood of fakes. But fakes are the things that mismatch such a civilized world So what should we do? Firstly I think consumers should promote their capability of judgment. Secondly sellers should restrict themselves not to distribute the goods from those factories with no qualified certificates. Thirdly, manufactures should regulate their products. But the key three points is to strengthen legislation and law enforcing, to make all the citizens besides officials and manufacturers have a sense of producing and distributing qualified goods, and to pay more attention to future profit than to current. Only with these measures taken we can succeed in combating fake goods. [本题分数]： 20.0 分 【答案解析】 [写作指导] “打击水货”这个作文题很有新意，并且考生在自己的生活中都能感受到它的重要性，所以写起来不会太难。但八级作文并非叙事文，而是一种议论性质的文章，所以自己的经历不能全部搬到文章中来，而是要把握好自己客观评述打击水货的能力。 在第一段中，首先要给出论点，是反对打击水货，还是坚决支持打击水货呢?这个思考应该很快，因为很少有人会支持水货，所以观点要提出来。 在第二段中，作者重点分析水货给人们生活带来的种种不便，以及打击水货的必要性，其实相当于一个问题，但可以一环套一环，逻辑清楚，深入浅出，让人信服。考生可以把自己的经历升华到较大的方面来考虑，这样才有议论文的气势。 在第三段中作者在前二段的基础上进一步阐述水货所引起的不良后果，然后小结全文。 九、General Knowledge（本大题10小题．每题1.0分，共10.0分。 There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet. ） 第1题 Hemingway is a ______ according to Gertrude Stein. A. lost generation B. beat generation C. romanticist D. transcedentalist 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 一战后逐渐走向成熟的一批美国作家，如Hemingway，Fitzgerald和Pound等被Gertrude Stein称为“迷惘的一代”。B跨掉的一代指50年代和60年代初的反传统的年青人。Transcedentalism(先验主义)的代表人物是Emerson，Thoreau等。 第2题 Which of the following is NOT true of the U. S. A. ?A. A well-developed country. B. A permanent member of the Security Council of the UN. C. The biggest country in the Americas. D. A melting pot. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 美国是一个经济发达的政治大国，占据联合国五个常任理事国中一席，并因文化上的多样性被称作“熔炉”，故A、B、D的描述都是正确的。美洲最大的国家应是加拿大。 第3题 Tony Blair may interview in the with officials coming from foreign countries. A. Capitol B. Buckingham Palace C. Kremlin D. Winter Palace 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 白金汉宫是英国的政府官坻。A是美国的国会大厦，C克里姆林宫是俄罗斯的官坻，D冬宫是俄国的古皇宫，现为博物馆、美术长廊。 第4题 Which of the following is NOT true of Winston Churchill? A. He served as Prime Minister for 2 non - consecutive terms. B. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953. C. He instigated a reign of terror. D. He first came into power during the Battle of Britain. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 本题可用排除法，温斯顿·邱吉尔显然未煽动过恐怖统治。他于“不列颠之战"时第一次担任首相，虽未获得连任，但在1951年又再次当选，并获得1953年的诺贝尔文学奖。 第5题 Hollywood is in the state of ______. A. Los Angeles B. New York C. California D. San Francisco 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 好莱坞是美国加利福尼亚洲城市洛杉矶的一个地区，是美国的电影业中心。 第6题 X: If La Coruna defeated Valensia in that match, it would have acquired qualification for the Champions' Cup. Y: La Coruna didn't defeat Valensia in that match. X ______ Y in semantics. A. is synonymous with B. entails C. positively presupposes D. negatively presupposes 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] “如果拉科鲁尼亚在那场比赛中打败了巴伦西亚，它就有资格打冠军杯了。”实际上就是以“拉科在那场比赛中没有打败巴伦西亚”为前提的。它们显然不是同义或包含的关系。 第7题 ______ is generally regarded as John Steinbeck's masterpiece. A. The Sea Wolf B. The Great Gatsby C. Uncle Tom's Cabin D. The Grapes of Wrath 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] A《海狼》是Jack London的作品，B《了不起的盖茨·比》是F. Scott Fitzgerald的代表作，C《汤姆叔叔的小屋》是Beecher Stowe的代表作。 第8题 If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind is ______ famous verse. A. William words Wordsworth's B. Lord Byron's C. John Keats's D. Percy Bysshe Shelley's 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] “冬天来了，春天还会远吗?”是雪莱的《西风颂》中的著名诗句。 第9题 Noam Chomsky is a(n) ______ linguist. A. American theoretical B. American practical C. Russian theoretical D. Russian practical 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] 乔姆斯基是美国的理论语言学家。 第10题 Which of the following pairs contains phonemic contrast? A. peat, peel B. pea, pee C. pee, peep D. pear, pearl 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 [详细解答] [pi:t]中的[t]与[pi:l]中的[l]属于音位对立。pea与pee读音完全相同，显然不存在对立的音位；peep比pee多一个音，无可比性，而pear与pearl读音也存在较大差异，不包含音位对立关系。 跟多试卷请访问《做题室》www.zuotishi.com