2020年考研英语基础过关班语法入门

2020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门【英语构句原则】【 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf 介词短语可以做的语法成分】32020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门三、时态【学习目标】【时态列 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 】（一）现在时【用法】表示经常性或习惯性的动作、现在的特征和状态、普遍真理等。【谓语形式】do或does例：Myfathergetsupatsixeveryday.Helovessports.Knowledgeispower.（二）过去时【用法】表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况，过去的习惯性动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：aminuteago,yesterday,lastweek,in1990,duringthenight,inthosedays.【谓语形式】did例：Johnsuddenlyfellillyesterday.(fall-fell-fallen)Hewentoutjustnow.（三）将来时【用法】将来时主要表示准备做的事、将要发生的动作情况、按 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 安排要发生的事。【谓语形式】1．begoingtodo2．will/shalldo3．betodo4.beaboutto例：Ishall/willcallyoutomorrow.Wearegoingtothezootomorrow.Thefactoryistogointoproduction.Heisabouttoleave.（四）现在进行时【用法】表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。可与now=atpresent=atthismoment=atthemoment；thesedays、recently等时间状语连用。【谓语形式】bedoing例：Whatareyoudoing？（现在正在进行的动作）Whatareyoudoingrecently？（现阶段正在进行的动作）◆【注意】动词go,come,leave,start,arrive,die等瞬间动词用于进行时态中，表示将来含义。42020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门例：Thebusisleaving,pleasehurryup.Myuncleiscotoseeusthisweekend.Theboyisleavingfortomorrow.（leavefor+目的地：动身去某地）（五）过去进行时【用法】表示过去某个时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。【谓语形式】was/were+doing例：Hewaspracticingthepianothistimeyesterdayevening.WhenIcalledhim,hewashavinghisbreakfast.（六）将来进行时【用法】表示在未来的某个时刻或一段时间内正在进行的动作。【谓语动词】will/shallbedoing例：Whatwillyoubedoingthistimetomorrow?（七）现在完成时【用法】1、表示发生在过去对现在有影响的动作（动作已完成）；2、从过去某个时间开始一直持续到现在，可能还会持续下去的动作或状态。【谓语形式】have/has+done。例：Thecarhasarrived.Shehasbeenillforaweek.◆【注意】1．come,go,leave,arrive,begin,start,become,join,getup等瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这些动作需用表示状态的词替代（动作不能延续状态可以延续）。例：Myunclehascomebackfortwodays.（×）↓hasbeenback（√）短语：beback回来Thetrainhasleftforanhour.（×）↓hasbeenaway（√）短语：beaway离开Thetwinbrothershavejoinedthearmyforthreeyears.（×）↓hasbeeninthearmy（√）短语：beinthearmy参军Thefilmhasbegunfortenminutes.（×）↓hasbeenon（√）短语beon上映、上演Wehavegotupfortwohours.（×）↓havebeenup（√）短语：beup起床2．havebeento与havegoneto的区别havebeento表示"（曾）去过某地"或"（曾）干过某事"，人现在已经回来了；havegoneto表示"去某地了"或"去干某事了"，人还没有回来。例：Hehasbeentothelibrary.52020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门Hehasgonetothelibrary.（八）过去完成时【用法】表示以过去某个时间为基点在这个时间基点之前进行的动作（即过去的过去，必须有一个过去的时间为基点）【谓语形式】haddone例：Whenwegottothetheatre,theplayhadalystarted.Bytheendofthatyearwehadtrainedmorethan1,000employees.（九）将来完成时【用法】表示在将来某一时间点之前完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。【谓语形式:】will/shallhavedone例：Ishallhavefinishedingthebookbytheendofthisweek.Beforelong,hewillhaveforgottenallaboutthematter.(beforelong)Whenwegettherethey'llprobablyhaveleft.（十）现在完成进行时【用法】比现在完成时更加强调动作的不间断进行，该动作可能仍在进行，也可能已经完成。【谓语形式】have/hasbeendoing例：We'vejustbeentalkingaboutyou.I'vebeensittinghereallafternoon.Howlonghasitbeensnowing?（十一）过去完成进行时【用法】比过去完成时更加强调动作的不间断进行，必须有一个过去的时间为基点。【谓语形式】hadbeendoing例：IhadbeenlookingforitforfourdaysbeforeIfoundit.Thetelephonehadbeenringingforthreeminutesbeforeitwasanswered..Atlastwegottheletterwehadbeenexpecting.(十二)将来完成进行时【用法】比将来完成时更加强调动作的不间断进行。【谓语形式】shall/willhavebeendoing例：Ishallhavebeenworkingasateacherfortenyearsbytheendofthisyear.（十三）过去将来时【用法】表示在过去某个时间打算要做的事，或从过去某个时间看来将要发生的事(站在过去看未来)【谓语形式】1．was/weregoingtodo2．would/shoulddo3．was/weretodo4.was/wereabouttodo例：Hesaidhewouldcomebackthenextday.Heinformedusthetrainwastoleaveatsix.Ididn'tknowwhentheyweregoingtocomeagain.Hewasabouttogettherewhenitbegantorain.四、语态语态的：be+过去分词现在时am/is/aredone62020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门过去时was/weredone将来时shall/willbedone现在进行时am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时was/werebeingdone将来进行时shall/willbebeingdone现在完成时have/hasbeendone过去完成时hadbeendone将来完成时shall/willhavebeendone过去将来时should/wouldbedone情态动词情态动词+bedone◆有些动词，如let,make,hear,see,watch,notice,have（让，使）,feel等，在主动语态中，其后面的不定式作宾语补足语时to被省略，但在语态中需将to表达出来。例1：Isawhimturnroundthecorner.Hewasseentoturnroundthecorner.例2：Theteacherthescopythesentencesmanytimes.Thesweretocopythesentencesmanytimes五、主从复合句【总结疑问句的变法】【学习目标】【从句的】72020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门（一）名词性从句1．主语从句【位置】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【连词】1)____________________________________________________________________________________________________2)____________________________________________________________________________________________________3)____________________________________________________________________________________________________例：Whatshesaidisright.Howtheprisonerescapedisamystery.Itiscertainthatwewillwinthematch.或Thatwewillwinthematchiscertain.Whetherheiscoornotdoesn’tmatter.【链接】1.WhatresearcherssuchasRansomMyersandWormhaveshownisjusthowfastthingsarechanging.2.Whethersuchasenseoffairnessevolvedindependentlyincapuchinsandhumans,orwhetheritstemsformthecommonancestorthatthespecieshad35millionyearsago,is,asyet,anunansweredquestion.3.Furthermore，itisobviousthatthestrengthofacountry’seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofallkinds．2．宾语从句【位置】______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【连词】1)____________________________________________________________________________________________________【注意】①当句中的动词后接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，但是后面的that不可省略。例.Hetoldme(that)hehadtwosonsandthattheybothhadgonetocollege.②介词之后宾语从句的that不能省略。例.Iknownothingaboutmyneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkinabank.③当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有语时，that不可省。例.JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.④当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。例.I’llnevertellanyonethatyouhaveeverbeenthere.2)____________________________________________________________________________________________【注意】①whether(……)ornot”结构中只用whether。例.Hedidn’tsaywhetherornothe’llbestayinghere.②介词之后宾语从句只用whether，不用if。例.I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgotoseethefilm.③宾语从句置于句首时，连词只用whether，不用if。例.Whetherthisistrueornot，Ican'tsay．④宾语从句是式时，只用if不用whether。例.HeaskedmeifIhadn’tfinishedmywork.3)____________________________________________________________________________________________82020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门例：Theytoldusagainthatthesituationwasserious.Idon'tknowif/whetheryoucouldhelpmetomorrow.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.Wearenotsurewhetherwecanpersuadehimoutofsmoking.Weallthoughtitapitythatyouhadfailedtheexam.Canyoutellmewhatyouwant？【链接】1.Tofilteroutwhatisuniquefromwhatissharedmightenableustounderstandhowcomplexculturalbehavioraroseandwhatguidesitinevolutionaryorcognitiveterms.2.Thismayalsoexplainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.3.Dowereallywantrailroadstobethearbitersofwhowinsandwholosesinthemarketplace?4.Darwinwasconvincedthatthelossofthesetasteswasnotonlyalossofhappiness,butmightpossiblybeinjurioustotheintellect,andmoreprobablytothemoralcharacter.5.Thatkindofactivitymakesitlesslikelythatthecourt’sdecisionswillbeacceptedasimpartialjudgments.3．表语从句【位置】_______________________________________________________________________________________________【连词】1)_____________________________________________________________________________________________2)____________________________________________________________________________________________3)____________________________________________________________________________________________例：Myideaisthatweshouldgohomeearly.Theproblemiswhethertheyarewillingtohelpus.That'swhywehadtoputoffthemeeting.【注意】除了上述三种连词外还可以用asif=asthough，because连接表语从句例：Itlooks/seemsasifyouhavegotnoexperience.Thathedidn'tturnupwasbecausehehadtoaccompanyhismother.【链接】1.Thatwhisperedmessage,halfinvitationandhalfforcing,iswhatmostofusthinkofwhenwehearthewordspeerpressure.2.Mostofall,thesenewadultsmustfeelthattheyarerespectedandsupportedbyafamilythatappreciatesthem.(2007PartB)【链接】1.Butit'snotasifearliertimesdidn'tknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.2.Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.3.Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavetesnecessarytogenerateparticularsmellreceptorsinthenose.4．同位语从句【位置】________________________________________________________________【连词】1)______________________________________________________________2)______________________________________________________________3)______________________________________________________________例：Therecanbenodoubtthatmybrotherisqualifiedforthejob.Sheaskedthereasonwhytherewasadelay.Nobodycanexplainthemysterywhyhesuddenlydisappeared.Theproblemwhethershewillaccepthisinvitationworrieshim.92020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门Theyhavenoideaatallwheehasgone.Ihavenoideawhathashappentohim.【链接】1.Contrarytothedescriptionsonrecord,nosystematicevidencewasfoundthatlevelsofproductivitywererelatedtochangesinlighting.2.AnyonewhohastoiledthroughSATwilltestifythattest-takingskillalsomatters,whetherit’sknowingwhentoguessorwhatquestionstoskip.3.OnereasonwhyitishardtodesignandteachsuchcoursesisthattheycutacrosstheinsistencebytopAmericanuniversitiesthatliberal-artseducationandprofessionaleducationshouldbekeptseparate,taughtindifferentschools.4.Allen’scontributionwastotakeanassumptionweallshare——thatbecausewearenotrobotswethereforecontrolourthoughts——andrevealitserroneousnature.（二）定语从句：限定、非限定性定语从句1限定性定语从句：是句子不可缺少的一部分，没有它，句子不能成立，或意思不清楚，不说明问题。【位置】先行词后【连词】who、whom、whose、that、which、when、where、why【注意】定语从句的连词有的作用。：连接并限定先行词。：连词在从句中充当一定的语法成分通常做主语、宾语、定语、时间状语、地点状语。◆【注意】1凡是在从句中作宾语的连词都可以省略；2先行词受到only、序数词、形容词修饰时，且在从句中做主语或宾语，连词只用that。3当先行词是everything、all、anything等不定代词时，连词用that。例：1.I’llneverforgetthedays___________IspentinEngland.2.Doyouknowtheday___________yourmotherwasborn?3.Thatisthehouse_______Ilived10yearsago.4.Thatisthehouse_______Ilivedin10yearsago..5.Thatisthehousein_______Ilived10yearsago.6.Thegirl__________Ispoketojustnowismysister.7.Thegirlto_________Ispokejustnowismysister.102020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门8.Thisisthebook________youarelookingfor.9.Theboy________mymothertakescareofisill.10.Ican’tremembertheageat_______hewontheprize.11.Thegirls_________nameswerecalledstoodup.12.You'retheonlyone________advicehemightlistento.13.Isthereanything________Icandoforyou?14.All________youhavetodoistothedoorandwaitforhim.15.Thisisoneoftheeasiestquestions________donotneedanswering.16.Hecamelastnight_______Iwasgoingtobed.17.Iknowofaplace_______wecanhavelunch.18.Theonlygames_________Iplayarefootballandtennis.19.Heistheonly________knowstheanswer.【参考】1.that或which或“不填”；2.when；3.where；4.that或which或“不填”；5.which；6.who或whom或that或“不填”；7.whom；8.that或which或“不填”；9.who或whom或that或“不填”10.which；11.whose；12.whose；13.that或“不填”；14.that或“不填”；15.that；16.when；17.where；18.that；19.that【链接】1.Attheveryleast,thecourtshouldmakeitselfsubjecttothecodeofconductthatappliestotherestofthefederaljudiciary.2.Fruitflieswhoweretaughttobesmarterthantheaveragefruitflytendedtoliveshorterlives.3.Thereisamarkeddifferencebetweentheeducationwhicheveryonegetsfromlivingwithothersandthedeliberateeducationoftheyoung.4.It’stheorytowhichmanyeconomistssubscribe,butinpracticeitoftenleavesrailroadsinthepositionofdeterminingwhichmanycompanieswillflourishandwhichwillfail.5.Thisisthecredibilityprocess,throughwhichtheindividualresearcher’sme,here,nowbecomesthecommu’sanyone,anywhere,anytime.6.Forexample,changesintheeconomythatleadtofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemploymentingeneralmakegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.7.Asalinguist,heacknowledgesthatallvarietiesofhumanlanguage,includingnon-standardoneslikeBlackEnglish,canbepowerfullyexpressive——thereexistsnolanguageordialectintheworldthatcannotconveycomplexideas.8.Childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathomethanwascommoninthetraditionalfamilystructure.9.Thedefinitionalsoexcludesthemajorityofteachers,despitethefactthatteachinghastraditionallybeenthemethodwherebymanyintellectualsearntheirliving.2、非限定性定语从句——只对其修饰的部分作进一步的说明，没有它句子其他部分仍然可以成立。非限定性定语从句常用逗号与前面的部分隔开。【连词】不能用that，其他连词用法与限定性定语从句中连词用法相同例：Water,whichisaclearliquid,hasmanyuses.Ourguide,whoisa,isanexcellentcook.TheywillflytoBoston,wheretheycanplantostayforfourdays,andthengotoNewYork.Hepickedupthebook,thecoverofwhichhadbeentorn.(tear-tore-torn、撕碎)HeisourEnglishteacher,whosewifeisamanagerinabigfirm.◆非限定性定语从句还可以修饰整个句子，连词只能用which或as；若将从句放在句首连词只能用as。例：Theactivitywaspostponed,which/aswasexactlywhatwewanted.Astheysoondiscovered,disguisewastooperfect.Asanybiographerknows,a’searlylifeanditsconditionsareoftenthegreatestgifttoanindividual.3.总结同位语与定语从句的区别：112020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————（三）状语从句状语从句可以用来表示时间、地点、条件、、目的、结果、行为方式、比较、让步等。1）时间状语从句【连词】when、whenever、before、after、while、as、once（一旦）、until、(ever)since、assoonas、theminute/moment/instant、theday/year、each/everytime、nexttime、bythetime、thefirst/second/lasttime等。（时间和条件状语从句中表示将来的情况通常用现在时，即“主将从现”）例：Whenyoucrossaroad,youmustbecareful.Itwillnotbelongbeforewemeetagain.Shecomeshereeverymonthsinceshewasachildtoseehergrandmother.AssoonasIknowit,I'lltellyou.Oncesheisangrysheisnorespecterofs.她一旦发怒就谁也不管了。Theminutehesawherhefellinlove.EverytimeIcome,heising.Nexttimeyoucome,pleasebringyourcomposition.HewasmuchbetterthelasttimeIsawhim.Bythetimehewastakentothehospitalhewasnearlydead.2）地点状语从句【连词】where、wherever、anywhere、everywhere等例：Sitdownwhereveryoulike.Putitwhereyoufoundit.Anywhereshegoes,hegoestoo.EverywhereyougoinAmerica,youheartalesofcorporaterevival.3）条件状语从句【连词】if、unless、supposing(that)、provided/providing(that)、intheevent(that)如果、as/solongas只要、incase万122020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门一、justso(that)只要、given(that)如果、incase(that)如果、oncondition(that)只要、条件是例：As/Solongaswedon'tgiveup,weareboundtosucceed.IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeofthat.Ifitsnowstomorrow,wewillstayathome.Iwilldoanythingaslongasitisinteresting.You’llbesleepytomorrowunlessyouhaveagoodsleep.Supposingitrains,shallwego?Providing/Provided(that)youpromisenottotellanyoneelse,I’llexplainthesecret.Intheeventthatourteamwins,therewillbeacelebration.Hedoesn’tmindinconveniencingothersjustsohe’scomfortable.只要他舒服，他不管别人方不方便Iwillonconditionthatyouhelpme.4）状语从句【连词】because,as（由于，因为）,since（由于，既然），nowthat（既然），that,inasmuch/insomuchas既然、byreasonthat、forreasonthat、considering(that)、seeingthat既然、inthat因为、ontheground(s)that由于、byvirtueofthefactthat因为、inthelightofthefactthat考虑到，鉴于、inviewofthefactthat由于，鉴于、onofthefactthat、owingtothefactthat、duetothefactthat等。例：AsIdidn'tknowtheway,Iaskedaman.Sincenooneis,we'lladopttheproposal.Seeingthatshe'sill,she'sunlikelytocome.I’mgladthatyou’vecome.Nowthatthekidshavelefthome,we’vegotalotofextraspace.Inasmuch/Insomuchasyouknowthestoryaly,Iwillnottellitagain.Heresignedontheground(s)thathishealthwasfailingThisisnotagoodplantforyourgardeninthatitsseedsarepoisonous.5）结果状语从句【连词】sothat、so…that、such…that、withtheresultthat等。例：It'ssuchagoodchancethatwecan'tmissit.Hewassoangrythathecouldnotspeak.Everybodylentahandsothattheworkwasfinishedaheadoftime.Iwasinthebath,withtheresultthatIdidn’thearthetelephone.6）目的状语从句【连词】sothat、inorderthat、forfearthat以免、incase以免、lest以免，等。例：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand.I'vegotthekeyincasewewanttogoinside.Hetookanumbrellawithhimforfearthatitmightrain.Takesomemoneywithyou，lestyoumightneedit.7）方式状语从句【连词】as按照、asif＝asthough似乎、好像、theway按照、how例：Ididjustasyoutoldme.thewayyouweretaught.按照教你的那样做（theway=thewaythat=thewayinwhich）howyoucan.尽你所能去做这件事。8）让步状语从句132020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门【连词】though、although、if、evenif=eventhough、when、while、grng/grantedthat、admittingthat、forall(that)、inspiteofthefactthat、however、whatever=nomatterwhat、whoever=nomatterwho、whenever=nomatterwhen、whether…or…无论….是否、as，等。例：ThoughIamfondofmusic,Ican'tplayanyinstrument.Althoughitisdifficult,we'll.Ifheislittle,heisstrong.Eventhoughyousayso,Idon’tbelieveit.Herefuseshelpwhenhehasmanyfriends.WhileIlikethecolorofthehat,Idonotlikeitsshape.Grantedthatthisistrue,youarestillinthewrong.Admittingthatheisnaturallyclever,wedonotthinkhewillmakemuchimprovement.Theyaregoodpeople,forallthattheirwaysarenotthesameasours.Howeverhighitmaybe,itcan’treachthesky.Whateveryousay,Idon'tbelieveyou.Whetheryoulikeitornot,you’llhaveto.【注意】as引导让步状语从句时，as不能至于句首而是以相应的动词、形容词、名词开始。例：Tryasyoumay,youwillneversucceed.Youngassheis,sheisalyfamiliarwithmostofthestories.Five-year-oldboyasheis,hecantellthetimeinEnglish.9）比较状语从句【连词】than、as/so…as…和…一样…、accordingas随…而定、inproportionas与…成正比。例：Icanwalkfasterthanyoucanrun.Hespenttwiceasmuchtimeonthispictureasonthatone.Hewokeupassuddenlyashehadfallenasleep.Youwillbepraisedorblamedaccordingasyourworkisgoodorbad.Somepeopleaappyinproportionastheyarenoticed.10）对比状语从句【连词】while、whereas而例：Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.我喜欢茶而她喜欢咖啡。Whereashe’sratherlazy,Tom’ssisterisquiteenergetic.的姐姐精力非常充沛，而却相当懒惰。11）程度状语从句【连词】as/sofaras、tothedegree/extentthat、insofaras在…范围/限度内、例：So/AsfarasIknow,heistrustworthy.Atthattimepoliticianswerenotknowntothedegree/extentthattheyaretoday.Insofarasthismatterconcernsallofus,weshouldtakeaunitedaction.六、非谓语动词【使用非谓语动词的】【定义】142020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门【】【学习目标】（一）动名词：doing1．用法：主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语。例：Seeingisbelieving.（主、表）Goingabroadforavisitandsettlingdownaretwodifferentthings.Whathelikesisplayingchessaftersupper.（表）Sheisafraidofgoingoutaloneatnight.（宾）Shepracticesplayingthepianoeveryday.（宾）Thisisaswimpool.（定）Theyhadtomovefromtheirbighousebecausethelivingcostsweretoogreat（定）Hishabit,listeningtothenewsontheradioremainsunchanged.（同位语）Hisambition,conqueringthewholeworld,wasneverfulfill.（同位语）【注意】(1)在句型Itisnouse...,Itisnogood…,Itisworthwhile…,Itisawasteoftime等中，it作形式主语，动名词作句子真正的主语例：Itisnousecryingnow.It'snogoodwaitingoutside.Let'swalkhome.It'swasteoftimearguingaboutit.Thoughitmaytakesometime,itisworthwhiletrying.(2)有些动词及其短语后面必须接动名词作宾语。如：complete完成、finish、stand(),contemplate沉思,打算、avoid、suggest、advise、can'thelp、mind、admit、enjoy、delay、defer推迟、practice、deny、keep(on)保持、insiston、persistin、giveup、havedifficulty/trouble(in)、postpone推迟、risk、appreciate感激celebrate、consider、detest痛恨、dispute不同意、endure忍耐、escape、excuse原谅、fancy想象、feellike想要、forgive原谅、hinder阻碍、imagine想象、mention提到、miss错过、pardon饶恕、permit、prevent阻止、recall、report汇报、resent怨恨、resist,阻止、understand例：Wouldyoumindfillingouttheform?Ihaven'tfinishdoingmyhomework.Ienjoywalkingalongtheriverbankaftersupper.Asthepriceofthecomputerkeeps(on)goingdown,moreandmorefamiliescanaffordit.Thegirlinsistsonlivingalone.Icouldn’triskmissingthattrain.我可不敢冒误了那趟火车的险。Hebitterlyresentsbeingtreatedlikeachild..他厌恶被别人当孩子对待。(3)有些动词，如remember,forget,need,want,try,mean,regret,stop,goon等，后面既可以接不定式又可接动名词作宾语，但两种结构意义上有差别。例：Irememberseeingyouoncesomewhere.（rememberdoing记得做过某事）Pleaseremembertobringthebooknexttimewhenyoucometomyhome.（remembertodosth.记得要去做某事）Iregretnottakingyouradvice.（regretdoingsth.后悔做过某事）Iregrettoinformyouthatyou'redismissedfromthecompany.（regrettodosth.很遗憾要做某事）152020考研英语基础过关班-语法入门I'llneverforgetseeingtheGreatWallforthefirsttime.（forgetdoing忘记做过某事）Don'tforgettocomeearliernexttime.（forgettodo忘记要去做某事）Shedoesn'twant/needtocome.（want想need需要）Thehousewants/needscleaning.（want/need+doing主语是物,表示某物需要…）Tryknockingatthebackdoorifnobodyhearsyouatthefrontdoor.（trydoing试一试）Wemusttrytofinishtheassignmentbeforethebosscomesback.（trytodo设法做某事）Failingintheexammeanswaitingforanotheryear.(meandoing意味着)Imeanttohelpyou.（meantodo打算做某事）Hestoppedsmokinglastweek.（stopdoing停止正在做的事）Hestoppedtosmokeafterhefinishedthisarticle.（stoptodo停下来去做另外一件事）MygoodfriendtoldmethatIshouldn'tgoonlivinglikethat.（goondoing继续做某事）HavingvisitedtheSquare,thetouristguidewentontoshowusaroundthecit