变速器和减速器的作用

变速器和减速器的作用 Reducer - what is reducer? Reducer is a power transmission mechanism, the use of gear speed converter, the number of motor rotation slowed to the desired number of turns, and get a larger torque mechanism. Reducer is generally used in transmission equipment, low speed high torque motor. The gear gear output shaft power internal combustion engine or other high speed running through the reducer input shaft less number of teeth on the reducer to achieve the purpose of general reducer will have several pairs of the same principle to achieve the ideal effect of gear reducer. The size of the number of teeth of the gear ratio, the transmission ratio is. In the role of reducer 1) reduce the speed at the same time increase the output torque, torque output ratio by the motor output multiplication and deceleration ratio, but be careful not to exceed the speed reducer rated torque. 2) the speed reduces the inertia of the load while the reduction of inertia is the square of the reduction ratio. You can look at the general motors have a value of inertia. Type - reducer General reducer with helical gear reducer (including parallel shaft helical gear reducer, worm gear reducer, bevel gear reducer etc.), planetary gear reducer, cycloid reducer, worm gear reducer, planetary frictioncvt mechanical machines. Type - Common reducer 1) the main characteristic of worm gear reducer is that it has the function of reverse self lock. It can have a larger reduction ratio, the input shaft and output shaft are not on the same axis, nor are they in the same plane. But the general volume is large, the transmission efficiency is not high, the accuracy is not high. 2) harmonic reducer of harmonic drive is controlled by the flexible components to transfer elastic deformation and dynamic movement, small volume, high precision, but the disadvantage is the soft wheel limited life, impact resistance, rigidity compared with metal. Input speed can not be too high. 3) planetary reducer has the advantages of compact structure, small return clearance, high accuracy, long service life, and the rated output torque can be done a great deal. But the price is slightly expensive. The car transmission has several such functions: Change the transmission ratio, enlarge the range of torque and speed of the driving wheel to adapt to the changing driving conditions, and make the engine work in the favorable (higher power and lower fuel consumption) conditions; In the same direction of rotation of the engine, the car can go backwards; The use of neutral, interrupt power transmission, the engine can start, idle, and easy to change gear transmission or power output. The transmission is composed of a variable speed transmission mechanism and a control mechanism, and a power output device can also be installed when necessary. There are two ways of classifying: according to the change of the transmission ratio and according to the mode of operation. Automatic transmission principle of manual transmission is mainly composed of gear and shaft to produce variable torque by different gear combinations; and automatic transmission AT is composed of hydraulic torque converter, gear and hydraulic control system components, through the hydraulic transmission and gear combination to achieve variable speed torque. Hydraulic torque converter is the most characteristic component of AT. It consists of pump wheel, turbine and idler pulley. It directly inputs engine power transmission torque and clutch function. The pump wheel and the turbine are a pair of work combinations, They are like two fans placed relative to each other. The wind blowing by an active fan will rotate the blades of another passive fan, and the flow of air - the wind will become the medium of kinetic energy transmission. If liquid is used instead of air as a medium to transmit kinetic energy, the pump wheel will rotate the turbine through liquid, and then a guide wheel will be added between the pump wheel and the turbine to improve the transfer efficiency of the liquid. Since the torque converter automatic transmission torque range is not large and the efficiency is low, so the rows behind the turbineagain series planetary gear efficiency, hydraulic control system will change with the engine to manipulation of the planetary gear, so as to realize the automatic shift. type According to the change of the transmission ratio According to the transmission ratio change way to divide: There is a type of transmission is the most widely used. It adopts gear drive and has several fixed drive ratios. According to the type of gear train used, there are two kinds of axial fixed transmission (ordinary transmission) and axis rotating transmission (planetary gear transmission). At present, the transmission ratio of cars and light and medium truck transmissions usually has 3-5 forward gears and one reverse gear, and there are more gears in the combined transmission for heavy duty trucks. The so-called gear shift refers to its forward gear. Continuously variable transmission, its transmission ratio in a certain numerical range, can be infinite multi-level change, common power and hydraulic (dynamic liquid) two kinds. The variable speed transmission component of power type continuously variable transmission is a series of direct current motors. Besides the application on trolley buses, it is also widely used in the transmission system of extra heavy dump trucks. The transmission part of the hydraulic CVT is hydraulic torque converter. Comprehensive transmission refers to the hydraulic torque converter and gear type hydraulic mechanical transmission level gearbox, the transmission ratio refers to the scope and several continuous stepless change between the minimum in the largest, most application. Divided by mode of operation Divide the mode of operation: The forced transmission is driven by the driver to direct the transmission shift. Automatic control type transmission the transmission is done automatically selection and shift, the so-called "automatic", refers to the mechanical transmission of each gear shift is realized with the implementation of components reflect the signal system of engine load and speed control system of the shift. The driver only needs to operate the accelerator pedal to control the speed. Semi automatic control type transmission has two types: one is several commonly used automatic file manipulation, the rest of the gear by the driver; the other is a preselective, the driver in advance with a button in the selected gear, the clutch pedal or release the accelerator pedal, an electromagnetic device or a hydraulic connection device of shift. By way of use Classification of methods of use: Manual transmission (MT) Manual transmission, also known as manual transmission, that is, manually shift the lever to change the gear in the gear meshing position, change the transmission ratio, so as to achieve the purpose of speed change. When you clutch the clutch, you can pull the lever. If a driver has good skills, a car with a manual transmission will speed up and overtake as fast as an automatic transmission, and it will also save fuel. Automatic transmission (AT) The automatic transmission uses a planetary gear mechanism for speed change, It can automatically change speed according to the degree of the accelerator pedal and the speed change. The driver simply controls the speed of the pedal to control the speed. Generally speaking, there are several types of vehicles used in automatic transmission hydraulic transmission: automatic transmission, automatic transmission, power transmission automatic transmission, automatic transmission and stepless level type mechanical automatic mechanical transmission etc.. Among them, the most common is the hydraulic automatic transmission. Hydraulic automatic transmission is mainly composed of hydraulic control gear transmission system, mainly including automatic clutch and automatic transmission of two parts. It can shift automatically according to the opening of the throttle and the speed of the car. Continuously variable transmission (CVT) A continuously variable transmission is composed of two sets of speed change wheels and a drive belt. Therefore, compared with the traditional automatic transmission, the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and smaller size. In addition, the utility model can change the transmission ratio freely, thereby realizing the stepless speed change of the whole course, and making the speed change of the automobile stably. Continuously variable transmission is one of the automatic transmission, but it can overcome the shortcomings of the ordinary automatic transmission "sudden shift", slow reaction of the throttle and high fuel consumption. The transmission was invented by French Renault (Ranault). Compare four automatic transmissions Compared with the manual transmission car, who knows that the automatic models comfortable driving advantage, because of this, many people, especially women in front Car Buying tend to put the automatic car as a choice. In fact, the market in addition to the traditional automatic transmission, like manual gearbox, gearbox, hand automatic transmission are in general have poured like bamboo shoots after a spring rain, the same as the automatic what is different? Which one is right for you? I hope this issue of the automatic transmission will help you with your car purchase plan. The main market of ordinary automatic transmission Advantage: make driving comfortable and comfortable Disadvantages: not smart enough, relatively cost of oil, is not conducive to modification The common automatic transmission is the transmission form of the current widespread use of automatic cars, it is referred to as AT (the name is Auto Transmission) almost become synonymous with automatic. Compared with manual transmission, the ordinary automatic transmission is very different in structure and use. Manual wave mainly through adjusting different gear combinations change gear, and ordinary automatic transmission is through hydraulic transmission and gear combination way to achieve the purpose of speed change. Hydraulic torque converter is one of the most common automatic transmission characteristics of the parts, which is composed of pump wheel, turbine and guide components such as the pump and turbine is a combination of the work, through the liquid pump wheel drives the turbine to rotate, and the reaction between the pump and turbine speed difference and variable torque function the wheel between the pump and turbine wheel, the driver, you only need to different intensity stepped on the pedal, the gearbox can automatically lifting gear. Since the torque converter automatic transmission torque range is not big, so the rows behind the turbineagain series planetary gear efficiency, hydraulic control system will change with the engine to manipulation of the planetary gear so as to realize the automatic transmission torque. In order to meet the various needs in the process of running (such as parking, reversing), common automatic transmission also has some manual lever position, like the P block (parking), R block, N block (block) (neutral), block D (forward), some of the stalls are arranged in the "2" and "1" additional gear to start or on slopes with. From the development of general automatic gearbox, gearbox with four speed (is in progress in the four block in the switch) already is the basis of comparison of the configuration in the car market, the five speed automatic transmission has become mainstream, while the high-end car before the six speed automatic gearbox even before the seven speed automatic gearbox have been It is often seen. automatic gearbox can be said, there are a few block marks the car worth, of course, from the performance that the more gear automatic gearbox, the car in the driving process is smooth, speed is better, and more fuel-efficient. In addition to providing a comfortable driving feel, the ordinary automatic gearbox has insurmountable drawbacks. The ordinary automatic transmission doesn't respond directly enough, which makes it a bit less fun in driving. In addition, due to the use of hydraulic transmission, which makes ordinary automaticgearbox transmission power loss, even some oil (than the same type manual transmission car fuel consumption is 10% higher). In the road driving, common automatic transmission for high and low ups and downs road is not easy, "smart" at different gears in unnecessary switching, if your car did not stop climbing it at. The modified game player, equipment common automatic transmission car needs to be carefully chosen, because this kind of gearbox can withstand the torque range is limited, and the transmission oil temperature is too high will directly affect the dynamic performance of the car. "Hand in hand" gearbox dual character Advantages: provide better driving pleasure Disadvantages: the price is too high As the name suggests, "tiptronic" gear box is the manual shift and automatic shift transmission with two modes together, in this kind of gearbox, there are significant + / - sign, you can cut the position manually switch gear. For ordinary gearbox, lack of driving pleasure has always been its ills, your brakes slow down turn in front of common automatic transmission will only jump to neutral or keep the original gear does not move, it will not be with the speed reduced while retaining; to the bend when you pump gearbox will come again kickdown (jump down a block), then get enough power to accelerate. This not only takes more time than manual transmissions, but also changes the body balance in the curve. The biggest use of a hand gearbox is to increase the "freewheeling" degree of gear, in other words, "if it's not smart enough, at least I can do it myself."". With manual shift mode, you can manually drop to the appropriate gear before bending, and in turn can maintain the required speed, bending when there is enough power. Functionally, there is no difference between the manual gearbox and the manual transmission, but a good hand in hand gearbox has a manual mode that is fast enough to reduce or block the reaction, otherwise it is somewhat flashy. Structurally, the hand - in - hand gearbox is still an automatic transmission, so the cars with the conventional gearbox are relatively high in fuel consumption and adversely modified, and are still visible to them. In addition, because this kind of gearbox still needs to import, the cost is much higher than the ordinary gearbox, therefore the vehicle price is also not cheap. But for a family, if the owner is interested in driving pleasure, and the hostess prefers a comfortable driving experience, it is a good choice to configure a hand in gearbox. CVT continuously variable transmission box with smaller selection space Advantages: fuel saving, good sense of ride, dynamic response directly Disadvantages: less model, high price of accessories CVT CVT is the full name of ContinuosuslyVariableTransmission, the functional point of view it is also a kind of automatic transmission, automatic transmission and other but by transmission hydrauliccoupling different CVT stepless gearbox the main driven wheel transmission belt and a variable diameter is matched to the transmission power, so as to realize the continuous change of transmission ratio the. Sitting in the car is equipped with CVT gearbox that you do not feel the impact of shift (because it did not stop), which makes the speed of change is more stable, does not appear in the traditional automatic shift of the sense of frustration. In addition, CVT has light weight, small size, less parts, and this kind of transmission form, power consumption is small, so as to bring oil saving benefits. Experience has proved that the CVT continuously variable transmission model is even lower than the same displacement manual transmission model fuel consumption. Because the CVT used in automobile is not a long time, the domestic market of vehicles equipped with CVT is rare (rather than domestically), suanlaisuanqu is Audi A6, Honda, Fiat Sieyes several cars, which means that CVT in the maintenance will not be cheap. In addition, in addition to the Audi A6 Multitronic gearbox, general CVT gearbox can't bear the heavy load, can only be used for small cars, the displacement of 1 liters to 1.5 liters. Therefore, from 120 thousand yuan to 300 thousand yuan in the car even if you go CVT also have no choice, but the price is also across the intermediate space car and car of the two broad market. Seven front speed stepless transmission The best of the best comfort, dynamic response, maximum load, the highest gear set (seven block), shift the way most fun (paddle shift wheel)...... How do you think Multitronic represents the pinnacle of the CVT, but it's too far away from most people's lives?. AMT gearbox, new things to wait and see Advantages: fuel-efficient, cheap Disadvantages: there are few models, and the technology is not mature enough If the "manual" is the common automatic transmission with manual feeling, then the AMT transmission is on the contrary, it is based on manual transmission, by changing the shifting control of the automatic control system to realize the automatic shift in the overall structure is unchanged, It's like a robot for you to complete the clutch and selector of the two action. Because it's essentially a manual transmission, AMT has the advantage of manual gear in terms of fuel economy. In the driving process, because the AMT gear changes caused by the sense of frustration still exists. In addition, there are very few models equipped with AMT transmissions, which also make your optional models very few.