新标准大学英语视听说教程4听力原文及选择题答案

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大学英语视听说教程4听力原文及选择题答案Unit1NinetofiveConversation1Li:Whatawonderfulview!Thisissuchagreatcity!DoyouevergettiredoflivinginLondon,AndyA;"WhenamanistiredofLondon,heistiredoflife,forthereisinLondonallthatlifecanafford"Li:That'saquotationbySamuelJohnson,isn'titA:Correct,sodoyouhaveanyplanswhenyoufinishatOxfordLi:I'vegotanotheryeartogoandthenIsupposeI'llgobackhome.A;AndyouwillfindajobLi:IthinkIhavetodomyMaster'sbeforeIlookforImustadmitLondonisveryyouthinkyouwouldeverleaveLondonA:Sure,I'dlovetocometochinaoneday,andIliketraveling.ButithinkI'llalwayscomebackhere.Li:Well,yourrootsarehereandtherearesomanyopportunities.A;ButhaveyoueverthoughtoflivinginLondonforayearortwoLi:Yes,butwhatcouldIdohereIhadplannedtobecomeaihaveoftenthoughtiftherewasajobicoulddohereinpublishing,maybeasaneditor,I'llgoforit.A:That'ssoundslikeagreatthinkthatwouldreallysuityouLi:MaybeIshouldupdatemyCVandsendittooneortwopublisher.A:Don'tmakeitlooktoogoodLi:WhynotA;Well,ifyouenjoyworkingwithLondonTimeOff,wedon'twantyouworkingwithanyoneelseLi:Oh,workingwithyouandJoeit'sgreatfunandreallyinteresting.Icouldn'tthinkofabetterwaytofindoutaboutacityA;SomaybeyoushouldthinkaboutapplyingforajobwithusLi:ButdoyouthinkI'dstandachance(有可能，有希望)Imean,I'mnotsureifJoelikesmeA:Don'teventhinkaboutit!JoeisverystraighttalkingandIpromiseyouthatyou'dknowifhedidn'tlikeyou.Li:PerhapsweshouldbothupdateourCVsandlookforjobstogetherA:Hey,right!Thatwouldbefun.Conversation2Li:Talkingaboutfutureplans,howdoyouseeyourcareerdevelopingA:MycareerWell,IlikeworkingforLondonTime'sapartofalargermediacompanycalledLiftoffUSA,sotherearelotsof...Li:But...WhatA:It'snotalwaysveryeasyworkingwithmean,Ikindofthinkhehasadifferentagenda（differentwayofthinkingfromAndy不一样的想法）.Ilikehiswork,butsometimesIdon'tthinkhisheartisinhisjob.Li:HowdidheendupinLondonA:HedidmediastudiesintheStates,andthenfoundworkasagofer（杂工）atLiftoffUSAinNewYork.Li:What'sagoferA:Goforthis,gofor'sawordfortheleastexperiencedpersoninthefilmandTVhecametoLondonandgotaproperjobasaresearcheratLiftoffUK,andthenafterafewyearshegottheproducer'sjobinLondonTimeOffLi:Heisgoodathisjob,isn'theA:Yes,heisconfidentandcompetentatwhathedoes,sothepeoplewhoworkwithhimratehimquitehighly（speakhighlyof）.Li:ExceptyouA:No,IratehimIgetonwithhimquitewell,althoughwearenotbestbudiesoranythinglikethat,it'sjust...Iwanthisjob!Li:NowweknowyourlittlepromiseIwon'ttellanyoneA:Janet,therewassomethingIwasgoingtoaskyou...Li:Sure,whatisitA:Iwaswondering...oh,it's,allthistalkaboutyourfuturecareerismakingme'sgoforadrink.Li:WhoisroundA:You...Conversation2P3-6选择题答案bdacPassage1“It’snotenoughtoaskwhatsuccessfulpeoplearelike...Itisonlybyaskingwheretheyarefromthatwecanunravel阐明the逻辑；理由behindwhosucceedandwhodoesn't."Thisisthebasicideaofanintriguing有趣的bookcalledOutliers局外人,bytheAmericanjournalistMalcolmGladwell.Thebook探索thefactorswhichcontributeto促成peoplewhoare非常地successfulintheircareers,forexample,therolethatfamily,cultureandfriendshipplay.Gladwellexamines检查thecausesofwhythe大多数ofCanadaicehockey冰球playersareborninthefirstfewmonthsofthecalendar日历year,whatthefounder建立者ofMicrosoftBillGatesdidtoachievehis非凡的success,andwhytheBeatlesto能够redefine重新定义thewholeofpopularmusicinthe1960s.GladwellpointsoutthattheyouthhockeyleagueinCanada招收fromJanuarythefirst,sothatplayersbornearlyintheyeararebigger,strongerandbetterathletesthanothersbornlaterintheyear.Andbecausetheyhavethis优势atthestartoftheirsportscareer,they‘regivenextra辅导,andsothere’sagreaterchancethatthey‘llbepickedforanelite精英的hockeyteaminthefuture.Hecallsthis现象accumulative累积的advantage,abitliketheideathattherichgetricherandthepoorgetpoorer.Successdependsonthe过程bywhichtalented有天赋的athletesare确认asmuchasitdoesontheirownabilities.Another方面whichcontributestosuccessisthe10000hourrule.Greatsuccessdemandsan大量的amountoftimeforpracticeandtraining.Forexample,theBeatlesperformedliveinHamburgGermanymorethan1200timesoverfouryears,muchmorethanthe10000hoursGladwell宣称isnecessaryforgreatsuccess.SobythetimetheyreturnedtoEngland,theyhaddevelopedtheirtalentandsoundedcompletelydifferentfromanyothergroup.Inthesameway,BillGateshadthousandsofhours’worth值…的量ofprogramming编程becausehehad使用toacomputerathishighschool.Healsobecameateenagerjustattherighttimetotakeadvantageofthe最新的developmentsincomputertechnology.Allthroughthebook,Gladwellrepeatshisclaimthatit’snotjusttalentor天才which决定someone’ssuccess,butopportunity,advantageandevensimplegoodluck.Outliershasmetwithextraordinarysuccess,matched比得上onlybyGladwell‘sowncareerfor25yearsinjournalism新闻业.Asaresult,manycritics评论家haveseenitasanautobiography自传,inwhichthewriterappearstobe道歉；辩解forhisownpersonalachievements.Buttheideathatyouhavetobebornattherightmoment,intherightplaceandintherightfamily,andthenyouhavetoworkreallyhardisathought-provoking引人深思的wayofrevisitingourtraditionalviewofgeniusandgreatachievement.It’scertainlyworthreading,aslongas只要youdon'ttakeittooseriously.Passage1P8-3选择题答案bdacUnit2AgoodreadConversation1Joe:OK,whenyoufinishedchatting,let'sgetdowntowork.Andy:OK,sure.Janet:Finebyme.What'sontheagendaJoe:FirstuptodayisReadallaboutit!Now,IassumeeveryonehasreadallthebooksforthefutureHasanyonereadanyofthebooksAndy:Well,Joe,thereareover20newbookscomingoutnextmonth,so…Joe:I'msorry,Ireallythinkthat'squiteunacceptable.It'syourjob!Whataboutyou,JanetJanet:I'msorrybutthisisthefirsttimeI'veworkedonReadallaboutit!AndIdidn'tknowIwasmeanttoreadallthebooks.Andy:HaveyoureadthemJoe:No,butthat'swhyyou'remyassistants.You'remeanttoassistme.Andy:It'struethatweneedtoreadthebooks,Joe,butwehaven't…Joe:OK,thereyougo.Youarealwaysmakingexcuses!Andy:Andwhat'smore,wehaven'tevenchosenthebooksyet.Joe:OK,let'sgetdownwithit.What'sonthelistJanet:Isupposewe'relookingforbookswithaLondonangle（伦敦视角）Andy:Notnecessarily.Janet:IsitOKtolookfornon-fictiontooJoe:Absolutely.Janet:OK,here'sanidea.There'sanewbiography（自传）ofCharlesDickenswhichI'mreading.Andy:Soundsgood-hisbooksarealwaysonTV.Janet:YouseeI'mstudyingDickensatuniversity,andInoticeditinthebookshoplastweek.It'sreallyinteresting.Joe:OK,tellusmore.Janet:Well,it'sadescriptionoftheLondonlocationswherehesetmanyofhisbookslikeOliverTwistandDavidCopperfield.Andy:Soundsrightupyourstreet（拿手的）!JoeWelldone,Janet.MaybeyoucanshowAndyhowtoplanthefeature.OK,that'siteveryone.Let'sgettoit!Conversation2Janet:What'sthematterwithJoetodayAndy:Noidea.He'sabitlikethatsometimes.Hegetsannoyedwithme,butIdon'treallyknowwhy.Janet:Hewasn'tbeingatallfair.HowoftendoeshegetlikethisAndy:Well,Isupposeit'snotveryoften.Butsometimeshereallygetsonmynerves（使某人心烦意乱）.Janet:Don'tletitgettoyou.He'sprobablygottoomuchwork,andhe'sstressed.Andy:Well,heshouldkeephisproblemsawayfromthestudio.Anyway,you'retheexpertonDickens,tellmesomethingabouthim.Janet:Well,CharlesDickenswasoneofthemostpopularnovelistsin19thcenturyBritain.Manyofhisnovelsfirstappearedinmagazines,inshortepisodes.Eachonehadacliffhangerattheendthatmadepeoplewanttoreadthenextepisode（集，一集）.Andy:AndwasheaLondonerJanet:HewasborninPortsmouthbuthisfamilymovedtoLondonwhenhewastenyearsold.Andy:AndhesetmostofhisstoriesinLondon,didn'theJanet:That'sright.Heknewthecityverywell.Andy:WhereaboutsinLondonarehisstoriessetJanet:AroundtheLawCourtsinthecentreofLondon.Heworkedasacourtreporterandmanyofthereallifestoriesheheardincourtinspiredsomeofmostfamouscharactersinhisnovels.Andy:IthinksomeofhisstoriestakeplacesouthoftheriverJanet:That'sright,especiallyaroundDocklands.Thethingwas…Dickenswasasocialcommentator（社会评论员）asmuchashewasanovelist-hisstoriesdescribethehardship,thepoverty,andcrimewhichmanyLondonersexperiencedinthe19thcentury.ItmakesmewanttoreadsomeDickensagain.MaybeI'lljustgoshoppingforacopyofGreatExpectations.Andy:Anyway,youdidmeahugefavour.Thatwasarealbrainwave（突然想到的妙计，灵感）tosuggestthenewbiography.Janet:CheerupAndy.Itwasn'tyourfault.Andy:No,it'sOK,I'llgetoverit.Goon,offyougoandenjoyyourshopping!Conversation2P15-6选择题答案abdccPassage1M：Sohowlonghasyourbookgroup读书会beenrunningC：Well,letmesee,it'sover20yearsnow.Ithinkit'sactuallyoneoftheoldestbookgroupsaround,becauseitwasonlyabout20yearsagothattheystartedtobecome流行的intheUK.M：AndhowoftendoyouhavemeetingsC：Wemeetaboutonceeveryfourorfiveweeks,althoughwetrytoavoidmeetingsinthesummerholidays,andduringtherun-upto（前奏，预备期）Christmaswhenweallstarttogetbusywithotherthings.M：Andhowmany成员doyouhaveC：We'reteninall,althoughit'srarethateveryonecan参加.M：AndwhathappensduringthemeetingC：Well,weusuallymeetatoneofourhomes,andwestart非常地late,around8:30,andthe主人preparesdinner,andsometimeduringthemeal,someoneasks"Sowhatdidyouthinkofthebook"andthat'swhenthediscussionstarts.M：Itsoundsquite随意的，不正式的.C：Itis,yes,andsometimesifwehaven'tenjoyedthebook,themealbecomesmoreimportantthanthediscussion.Butit'sfairly罕见的thatnoonelikesthebook,anditgetsquiteinterestingwhenopinionsaboutitare有分歧的.M：AndwhatsortofbooksdoyoureadC：Oh,allkinds,actually,notjustnovels,althoughImustadmitthatbeingamemberoftheclubmakesmereadmoremodernfiction小说thanImightdo相反地.Butwealsoreadthe名著,youknowthenovelsweallreadorshouldhaveread30yearsago,andit'squitegoodfuntorevisitthem,toseeifourviewsofthebookshavechanged.Were-readThomasHardyrecently,and而IusedtoloveitwhenIwasastudent,thistimeIthoughtitwasexasperatingly惹人恼火地无聊的.Andwereadnon-fiction纪实文学,quitealotofhistoryandtravelwriting.Acoupleofthememberslike诗歌,whichIdon't,butyouknow,we're宽容的ofeachother'schoice,anditgivesusachancetotrythingswewouldn'tusuallyread.M：AndhowdoyouchoosethebooksC：Well,attheendoftheeveningthepersonwhohoststhedinner-basically基本上,thecook-hastherighttochoosethenextbook.M：AndthatworksOKC：Yes,althoughthere'squitealotofstressonchoosingsomethingthatwillearneveryoneelse's尊重.Andwe'vegotonememberwholikessciencefiction,sowetrynottogotohisplacetoooften!Passage1P20-3选择题答案dacabUnit3FashionstatementConversation1Tanya:Hey!Thatlooksgoodonyou!Youshouldtryiton.Janet:Nothanks,I’mjustlooking.Tanya:Goon,tryiton.Icantellitsuitsyou.Janet:Youseemtowantmetobuysomething.AndI’mnotsureIwanttobuyanythingatall.Tanya:Well,yes.I’mprettysureyouwanttobuysomething.Janet:HowdoyouknowTanya:Well,it’smyjobtoknowwhatwomenwanttowear.Janet:HowdoyouknowwhatIwanttowearTanya:Icanjusttell.Mostwomendon’tholdthingsuplikethatunlesstheyknowtheywanttobuyit,buteithertheyhaven’tgotthemoneyortheyarenervousaboutimpulsebuying.Janet:SowhattypeofTanyaamIthenTanya:Nomoney.Janet:Yeah!Youareright,buthowdoyouknowTanya:Ifyouwerenervousaboutimpulse（心血来潮的，一时冲动的）buying,you’llfeelgoodthatyou’vemadeacarefuldecision.Janet:That’sprettysmart.WhatisyourjobthenTanya:I’mabuyerforastoreinNewYorkCity.I’mhereforLondonFashionWeek.Hey,doyouwanttogoIhavesomefreeticketsforthecatwalkshowthisafternoon.Janet:Well,I’mnotsure.I’mwaitingforafriendforafriend,actually,and…Joe:Hi,Janet!Janet:Joe!WhatareyoudoinghereJoe:WhythesurpriseJanet:It’sjust…Ididn’texpecttoseeyou.That’sall.Er,thisis…Tanya:Hello,I’mTanyaFeinstein.Isthisthefriendyouwerewaitingfor…Janet:NO.Yes!Tanya:SowouldyoubothliketocomethisafternoonJanet:Tanyahasinvitedustothecatwalkshowthisafternoon.Tanya：Lookatthis.Oh,it’sperfect.I’lltryiton.I’llleaveyoutwotomakeupyourminds.Conversation2Joe:WhoissheIssheafriendofyoursJanet:No,shejustcameuptomeandstartedtalkingaboutfashion.She’sabuyerforsomeNewYorkfashionstore.Joe:ButwhysheinvitedustoacatwalkshowJanet:She’sgivingoutfreetickets.PartofherjobIthink.Joe:SodoyouwanttogoJanet:Isupposeso.Havenotgotanymoneyforshopping,sowhynotTanya:OK,youguysmadeupyourmindJoe:YousureyougotacoupleofticketsforusTanya:Sure!Joe:Thanks.SowhatisyourtakeontheLondonfashionscenethenTanya:AsfarasIamconcerned,theclothesshopsinLondonaresomeofthebestintheworld.ThewayIseeit,ifIwanthautecouture（高级时装）IcangotoParisorMilan.ButifIwantstreetfashionthatwilllookgoodinNewYorktoo,IcometoLondon.Thekidshereallhavethisuniquestyle.Joe:Buttheycannotafforddesignerprices.Tanya:InLondonthefashiontendstostartonthestreets.Itgetspopularamongthekids,andthenthedesignerscomeandpickupontheirstyle,turnitintodesignerclothes.WhereasinParisorMilan,itismoreofatop-downprocess(从上至下的过程).Janet:Top-downTanya:Sure.Thebignamedesignerscreatethesewonderfulclothesbuttheyarereallyonlyforafewrichpeople.Joe:SoyouthinkitisdifferentinLondonTanya:Isuredo.And.ifyouaskme,NewYorkaswell.Anyway,youreadyJoe:Sure.WhynotJanetJanet:Well…Ohwell,itisgettinglate.So,Isupposeso.Tanya:OK,followme.Letusgetacab.Conversation2P27-6选择题答案bdabcPassage1Presenter:HowoftendoyouchangeyourclothesduringthedayPenny:UmIthinkitalldependsonwhatI’mgoingtodo.Umitmightbeasmanyasthreetimesif…Presenter:Threetimes.Penny:Yes,ifIwas…ifIwasgoingtogotogym,forinstance,havingdroppedthechildrenoffatschoolI’dbewearinganoutfit一套服装for…justa休闲的outfitfordoingtheschoolrun,thenI’dgotogymandgetchangedandthenifIwasgoingoutintheeveningI’dchangeagain.Presenter:Yeah.HowaboutyouPenny:Yeah,Ithinkitdependswhathappensduringtheday.MostofthetimethoughIjustputonmyclothesforwork.IgotoworkIcomehome.Ummaybetakesomethingoff,likeermyshoesandchangeintoapairof拖鞋orsomething,justapairofsneakers运动鞋.UmbuttherearetimeswhenifIgotogym,likePennysaid,orifwearegoingout,mywifeandIaregoingoutforsome场合,Ihavetochangeintosomethingalittlenicer.Presenter:And,andsowhatwould,whatwouldbetheoccasionwhenyouchangedintosomethingnicerItwouldbedifferentfromawork…Eric:Yeahlikegoingtosomeone’shousefordinnerorgoingoutfordinner,orgoingtosomekindofevent.Presenter:Yeah,yeah.WouldthatbethesameforyouPenny:Definitely当然了.Goingtothe剧院,umormeetingfriendsforadrink,yes.Presenter:Soyou’dalwayschangeforasocial情形；环境Penny:Definitelymakesitfeelmoreofanoccasion.Presenter:OK,andwhatabouttheclothesyouarewearingatthemoment,howwouldyouknow,whatmadeyouchoosetheseclothesthismorningPenny:WellIamgoingforaninterviewinanhour’stimesoI’vegottolookquitesmart整洁的；优雅的andpresentable拿得出的；像样的sothat’swhyIamlookingsmarterthanI通常地woulddointheday.Presenter:Ithinkyouhavegotaheadstart占得先机herebecauseyoulookverypresentable.Penny:Ahthankyou.Presenter:HowaboutyouEric:Iamabletogotoworkinfairlycasualclothessoyouknowit’sfairlyrelaxed,niceandeasy,anythingI’mcomfortablewithbutaslongasit’scleanandbosssaysit’salright.Presenter:Andsoyoudressfor舒适ordoyouthinkyouarefashionconscious有意识的aswellEric:Maybealittlebitfashionconsciousyeah.Youdon’twanttostandoutlikeasorethumb很显眼andpeoplemakefunofyou,youknowforsomereason,butatthesametimeyouwanttohaveyourownbitofindividuality个性.Presenter:Ithinkyouarediscreetly不显眼地fashionconscious,wouldyouagreewith…Penny:Yesandanotheragood窍门Ialwaysdoiscarrymyhighheels高跟鞋inmyhandbagandgoinmytrainers运动鞋yousee,andthenIcan向…冲去alongandjumponthebusandthen,andthenlook…Presenter:AndyoumanagehighheelsPenny:YesonceI’mthereandhaven’tgottomovearoundtoomuch.Presenter:Veryimpressive令人印象深刻的,veryimpressive.Whatdoyouthinkyourclothessayaboutyour心情oryourpersonalityDoyouchangedepending…ifyougetupinthemorningdoyouputoncertainclothesdependingonhowyoufeelPenny:Definitely,yes.IfI’mfeelingmaybeabitdownIdonotwanttowearblackbecauseit’squitedraining精疲力尽的andalsoasyougetolderit’sdrainingtoo,soImightputonsomewarmcolorsorwhichum,Idon’tknow,sortofmakeyourskinlooklighterandyoureyes闪烁alittlemore.UmI,Ichange…IwouldsayIhavegotalotofdifferentcolorsclothesaccordingtomymood.Presenter:Yeah,andwhataboutyouDoyouchange引人注目地intheeveningwhenyougooutontownontherazz狂欢youknowEric:Wellnotreally.UmyeahImightputonanicerpairofshoesormaybeergetoutofmyjeansandputonanicerpairof裤子,somethinglikethat.Butumforthemostpart,it’sayoung机构thatIworkforandthebossisfairlyyoungsowealldressumwitha年轻的thoughtinmind.Presenter:Thankyou.Unit4MoneytalksConversation1Andy:SowhathappenedthenJanet:Isawsomewonderfulclothes,andhadawonderfulday.Andy:ButwhatwereyoudoingtherewithJoeIthoughtyouweremeetingwithme.Janet:Youwerelate.Andy:Ah,yes.Yougotmethere.Janet:Joeisrightyouknow.Youarelatequiteoften.Andy:Ok.Janet:Ididn’tknowwhattodobecauseldidn’tknowyouwereonyouway.AndTanyaofferedmethefreeticketsandthenJoejustturnedup.Andy:Ohwell.Look,I’mreallysorryIdidn’t…Oh,I’dbettertakethis.Hi,Andyspeaking.Oh,yesofcourse.Hi,Mr.Pearson.ArewestillonfortodayIt’stheguywe’remeetingtoday.Yes,we’realreadyhere.Somethingunexpectedhascomeup.OK,sure，wewillhavetomakeanotherarrangementtomeet.That’sfine,noproblem.SowhenwoulditbeconvenientforyouIthinkthat’sOK,butcanIcheckmyscheduleCanyouholdonforamoment,pleaseHecan’tmakeitthismorning.AreweclearthisafternoonJanet:Ithinkso,yes.Andy:That’sOK.Couldwemakeitat2:30ratherthan2:00Well,letmethink.Howaboutatourlocal,theDukeofYorkWouldthatbeOKwithyou...Sure,noproblem.Seeyouthisafternoon.Bye!Janet:What’shecomingtotalkaboutAndy:Thecity.Thefinancialcapitaloftheworld…NexttoNewYork,ofcourse.I’dbettertellJoeaboutthechangeofplan.Conversation2Janet:SowhatdoestheworldhighfinancehavetodowithourwebsiteJoe:Well,IthoughtwecoulddosomethingontheBankofEnglandMuseum-It’sreallyquiteinteresting.Janet:SowhoexactlyisTimPearsonJoe:Heworksthereandhe’scomingalongtodaytoplanourinterviewandatourroundmuseum.Janet:Sowe’renotactuallydoinganyfirmingAndy:No.JustaskingmoreabouttheBankandthemuseum.Tim:Hi.Joe:Hi,Tim.Andy:Hi,Tim.Janet:Hi,I’mJanet.Tim:Hi,Janet.Right,sowheredoyouwanttobeginJoe:I’vegotaplanofthemuseum.CanwegothroughitwithyouTim:Fine.Basically,theBankofEnglandMuseumtellsthestoryoftheBankofEngland.There’salsoacollectionofBanknotesandgoldbars.Andy:AnyfreesamplesTim:Sorry,nochance!Now,youcomeinhereontheleft,pastthemuseumshop.Thenthefirstroomyouenterisareconstructionofalate18thcenturybankinghall.Janet:Andmovingthroughtothisroom,onthetoprighthandsiteTim:That’sthestoryoftheearlyyearsattheBankfromwhenitwasfoundedin1964.Janet:WhataboutthisroomontheleftTim:That’sthebank’scollectionofsilvergoods,apileofgoldbars.Andthisroomherebelowcontainsadescriptionofhowthemoderneconomyworks.Janet:SoisourpapermoneyalwaysbackedbyitsvalueingoldTim:Yes,thenotestheygaveorreceivedwereoriginallyreceiptsfortheloansingold.Butgraduallythesepaperreceiptsreplacedthegoldandbecamebanknotes.Janet:SoistheBankindependentorcontrolledbythegovernmentTim:TheBankwasgivenitsindependencein1997.Janet:Andwhydidn’ttheBankhelptheeconomyduringthecreditcrunchin2008Tim:Well,it’sabitdifficulttoexplain…Andy:Takeyourtime,Tim,we’dreallyliketoknow.Tim:Well,uh…Conversation2P39-5选择题答案bcdacPassage1Presenter:WithmetodayisTaraBlack,authorofTheHistoryofMoney.Tara,beforewehadmoney,weexchanged交换things,didn’tweTara:Yes,that’sright.IntheStoneAge,peopleexchangedthingslikesaltor牛.Butofcoursetheproblemisthatthethingsyouexchangedon’tlast持久.Andsomoneywasintroducedasamore永久的wayofpayingforthings.Andofcourse,money’salsoaloteasiertouse.Youcancarryitaroundwithyouveryeasily.Presenter:SowhendidpeoplestartchangingfromexchanginggoodstopayingforthingswithmoneyTara:Well,asfarbackas5000BC,peopleinChinaandtheMiddleEastwereexchanging金属forgoods.Presenter:AslongagoasthatTara:Yes.Thefirstsilver银ingots金银铸块、锭…Presenter:Silverbars条Tara:Yes,theyappearedaround2200BCinEuropeandwereusedas货币.CoinsthenappearedinLydiaaround700BC.Presenter:LydiaTara:Lydiaisacountryinwhat’snowknownasTurkey土耳其.Thenothercountriesfollowedtheirexampleandstarted制造them.AGreek希腊的coin,thedrachma德拉克马，希腊原货币单位,becamethe标准的formofmoneyinlargepartsofAsiaandEurope.Presenter:AndthefirstpapermoneyTara:Papermoneywasfirstusedinchinaaround960AD.Presenter:It’salwaysChina,isn’titTara:Quiteoften,yes.Presenter:Soaswellasbeinglong-lasting持久的；耐用的and方便的,abigadvantageofcoinsandpapermoneyisthattheyhaveastandardvalue标准价值.Tara:Yes,they’reknownas代 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 的money.Everycoinorpaperhasacertainvaluethatdoesn’tdependonthe实际的valueofthepaperormetal.Presenter:AndhowdidbanksstartedTara:BoththeearlyPersians波斯人andtheAncientEgyptians埃及人hadstorehouses仓库wheretheykepttheircountry’sgrain粮食-we’retalkingabout3000BC.Theyexchangedthegrainforpromissorynote期票；约定支付的票据.This意味着awrittenpromisetopaybacka金额ofmoneytosomeone.Really,thesestorehousescanbeseenasthefirstbanks.Presenter:Isee.Tara:Sooveragreatmanycenturiesbanksbecameplaceswheremoneywas存andlent贷.Andthey保证thatanote票据ofacertainvaluecouldbeexchangedforacertainamountofsilver.Presenter:Andthentherewasthegoldstandard金本位,wasn’tthereTara:Yes,thegoldstandardwas应用allovertheworldfrom1870to1915butitwasslowly抛弃.Presenter:Whendiditbecomeeasier…Unit5GenderstudiesConversation1Andy:IlovedthequestionyouaskedTimPearsonaboutfinancialcrisis.Janet:Well,Ishouldn’thaveaskedit.Afterallheisanexpert!Andy:Thereyougoagain,you’realwaysputtingyourselfdown.Youdon’tknowhowtotakeacompliment（称赞，恭维）.Janet:True.Ineverfinditeasytoacceptpraise