高考英语形容词与副词

nullnullnull1。形容词的位置：形容词一般放被修饰词的前面It is a quiet but interesting place.形容词后置的情况1）。当形容词修饰不定代词one,no,any,some或every构成的复合词，如：something,anything,nothing He did everything possible to help us.2) 只能充当表语的形容词必须后置 She was the only person awake at that night..3) Enough修饰名词既可放前也可放后，但所修饰的名词放句首时，只能前置 I have enough time (time enough)null4) 形容词else放不定代词或疑问代词后作定语 Anything else can I do for you,sir?2.the+adj.表一类人（复数）和抽象概念（单数） We should help the old and the disabled.多个形容词作定语的排列： 限定词/序数词---基数词—描绘性形容词---大，小，长，短，高，低---形状---年龄，新旧---颜色----国籍，地区，出处---物质材料---用途，类别+名词The old lady wants to buy a beautiful red Chinese silk dress for her daughter as a present.. They bought a charming big round new black French wooden writing desk last year.null3。意义相差很大的同根副词close 接近地 closely 密切地 free 免费地 freely 自由地 hard 努力地 hardly 几乎不 late 晚 lately 近来 most 非常 mostly 主要地 wide 广阔地 widely 广泛地 high 高 highly 高度地 deep 深 deeply 抽象意义的“深” loud 大声地 loudly 大声地 （含有“喧闹”) near 邻近 nearly 几乎null注意： 不带－ly表具体多位于动词（＋宾语）后介词前与过去分词构成复合词带－ly表抽象修饰形容词，副词，过去分词修饰动词位置不限null4。与形容词相关的几个句型：1) too…totoo+adj./adv.+to do 太。。。。。而不能做某事too+adj.(表个性品质）＋to do 非常。。。做。。。 too…not to do….. 太。。。不会不做。。。 not/never too…to do 永不、决不。。。 only too/but too…to do 十分，非常，极其The boy is too young to go to school. =The boy is not old enough to go to school. He is eager to leave. She is only too pleased to help you.null2）more …than与其说（后面）倒不如说（前面） =be less…than =be not so/as much…as =be…rather than….=be rather…than….She was more frightened than hurt. =She was less hurt than frightened. =She was frightened rather than hurt. =She was rather frightened than hurt.null3）can not…too/ can never …too越。。。。越好 One can never be too careful to study.4）A对B犹如C对D一样 A is to B (just) as C is to D =A is to B what C is to D =(Just) As C is to D,so is A to B =What C is to D,that is A to BAir is to us as water is to fish. =Air is to us what water is to fish. =As water is to fish,so is air to us. =What water is to fish,that is air to us.null4。形容词和副词的比较等级的用法：比较等级的常见句型： 1）as+原级＋as (as+adj.+a/an+单数名词＋as) Tom can’t pay as high a price as I asked. It’s not so/as difficult as I expected.2）比较级＋than+比较对象（less+原级） He is taller than I/me. Mary is less clever than Tom.3）the＋比较级＋of the two He is the taller of the two.null4）the+比较级。。。，the+比较级。。。 The more,the better.5）比较级＋and+比较级 The new city is becoming more than more beautiful.6）be one of/among +the+最高级＋pl. He is one of the best football players in our class.7）用介词by表相差的程度 She is taller than me by three inches.8）一个人的两种性质的比较，用more…than --Ann acts quite unfriendly. --I think she’s more shy than unfriendly.null9）否定＋比较级表最高级的意义 He has never spent a more worrying day.10）no/not+比较级＋than的特殊含义 A is no more careful than B. A和B一样都不细心 A is no less careful than B. A和B一样细心 A is not more careful than B. A不如B细心 A is not less careful than B. A比B细心11）than后加any other+单数名词，allother…,the others,any other…,any of the other,anything else表最高级 She plays the piano better than any other student/all other students/any of the other students/any of the others/anybody else in her class.null注意：1。比较的对象应该相同 The radios made in our factory are better than those (made) in your factory. The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.2.比较的对象不能相互包容 比较级＋than+any other+单数名词/all(the) other+pl./any one else/any of other+pl. The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States. China is larger than any other country in Asia/any country in Africa.null3。修饰比较级的修饰语有：rather,much,still,even,far,any,a lot,agreat deal,by far,a bit,three times…. The students study even harder than before.4。修饰最高级的修饰语有：序数词，by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not realy,not quite,nothing like…. I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera. 5.比较状语中动词的使用： Bob looks younger than I do. Bob looks younger than he is. Bob looked younger than I did. I know you better than he does. I know you better than him.null6。比较中的省略： 1）从句省略整个谓语，保留主语 Our library has as many books as yours.2）省去谓语保留主语和be,have或助动词 Susan has done as much homework as you have.3）省略主语和谓语，保留状语 She is much better than yesterday.4）省去整个than从句 She is much healthier and happier.null无比较级，最高级的形容词和副词1。表示比较，特殊意义的： comparative(ly),relative(ly),special(ly)2。表绝对意义的unexpected(ly),entire(ly),excellent(ly),perfect(ly),total(ly),thorough(ly),whole(ly),complete(ly)3。表大小，极限，主观，上下的： extreme(ly），main,major,chief(ly),senior4。表性质特征的 scientific,wooden,golden,woolen5。表独一无二的，形状的，强调的 only,single,round,level,very,,own,simply,favoritenull倍数的表达法：1。主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as+比较对象 The room where I stayed last night is three times as big as my own room.2。主语＋谓语＋倍数＋the+度量名词＋of+比较对象 主语＋谓语＋倍数＋what-clause Our classroom is three times the size of theirs. The length of the road is twice what it was three years ago.3。主语＋谓语＋倍数＋比较级＋than+比较对象 主语＋谓语＋比较级＋than+比较对象＋by+倍数 Tom has four times more money than I have. The line is longer than one by twice.null1.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _____ she was getting. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest 2.The ________house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little 3.There are two buildings,_____stands nearly a hundred feet high. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of whichAADnull4.It is reported that the United States uses _____energy as the whole of Europe. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much 5.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was ______to carry all the way home. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much He did it ______ it took me. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the timeDADnull7.Boris has brains. In fact,I doubt whether anyone in the class has _____IQ> a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest 8. In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go,________. our holiday will be better. our holiday will be best the better our holiday will be the better will our holiday be. BCnull9.____to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C.Students brave enough D. Students enough brave 10.---Jim has his wife do all the house work! Isn’t he wise? ---Not really.He is _______. more wise than lazy B. wiser than lazy C. more lazy than wise D. lazier than wiseCCnull11.After a long walk,she was ____ tired that she had to go upstairs and rest. much B. enough C. too D. that 12. –Why didn’t you buy the camera you had longed for? --I had planned to,but I was $50 _____. fewer B. less C. cheap D. short 13.John is very lazy. He falls ______ behind in his studies. very B. more C. far D. still DDCnull14.It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold,so she stood ______to her mother. close B. closely C. closed D. closing 15.Engines are to machines ______hearts are to animals. as B. that C. what D. which 16.—I was riding along the street and all of a sudden,a car cut in and knocked me down. ---You can never be _____careful in the street. much B. very C. so D. too 17.Have you been to New Zealand? --No.I’d like to,______. A. too B. though C.yet D. either ACDB