(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解八年级上册Unit 10 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)

一轮复习:八上U10词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】意思单词词性意思单词词性发怒的，生气的会议，集会，会面小心的，细致的，精心的，慎重的英里粗心的，不小心的错误，失误正常的，一般的步，步骤善解人意的，体谅人的在中途，部分地做(或达到)难过，失望，沮丧(13-19岁的)青少年出租汽车，的士录像带，录像无疑，肯定，当然，无钱包别的，其他的他自己除非，如果不劝告，建议劝告，建议(=organise)组织，筹备代理人，经纪人解决，解答巧克力相信，信任经验，经历旅行，游历专家【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词adviseorganizesolvetrusttravel单词复数单词复数单词复数advicemeetingteenageragentmilevideochocolatemistakewalletexperiencesteptaxiexpert单词比较级最高级单词比较级最高级angryunderstandingcarefulupset【单词变性】angry形容词变副词__________________careful形容词变副词__________________careless形容词变副词__________________normal形容词变副词__________________understanding形容词变动词__________________certainly副词变形容词__________________experience名词变形容词__________________meeting名词变动词__________________advise动词变名词__________________organize动词变名词__________________travel动词变名词__________________【一词多义】1.experience_________________________________________HeisagreatteacherwithalotofEnglishteachingexperience.Hehasexperiencedlotsofinterestingthings.Theseexperienceswillteachhimalotaboutlife.2.mistake________________________________Listencarefully,andtrynottomakemistakesnexttime.Itaketheumbrellabymistake,I’msorry.3.step____________________________WeshouldlearnEnglishstepbystep.Don'tstepintothegrass.【词汇用法】1.advise:v./advisesb.todosth./advisethatshould近义词辨析:advisevssuggestadvise:v./advisesb.todosth./advisethatshouldsuggest:v./suggestdoingsth./suggestthat+从句/suggestthat+should2.unless:conj./=if…not/引导条件状语从句/满足主将从现相关词辨析:if/when/assoonas/unlessif:conj./如果/引导条件状语从句/满足主将从现when:conj./当…时候/引导时间状语从句/满足主将从现assoonas:conj./一…就…/引导时间状语从句/满足主将从现unless:conj./=if…not/引导条件状语从句/满足主将从现【高频短语】beangrywithsb._________________beangryatsth._________________takeone’sadvice_________________givesb.advice_________________agoodpieceofadvice_________________beanexpertof_________________three-minutemile_________________threeminutes’mile_________________bymistake_________________makemistakes_________________byoneself_________________solvetheproblems_________________advisesb.todosth._________________【攻占语法】复习不定代词(一)，不定代词(二)，形容词副词比较级最高级，条件状语从句，动词非谓语用法，时态(一般将来时),情态动词(will/may/might)【词汇练习】Idon’tknowhowtolearnEnglishwell.Canyougivemesomea________.Mypoorgradesmademymomreallya________.Theladyhastwotwinboyssoshehasriche________totakecareofchildren.Stevenisn’tasc________asKelly.Heoftenmakesmistakesinhiswriting.Theremightbesomeaccidents(事故)ifdriversaretooc________whiledriving.Iwillc________tellyouifIknowanything,butIdon't.Whatyou'resayingisnewstome.Johnlikeseatingdessertslikeice-cream,candy,c________andsoon.You'dbetternotlendyourschoolIDcardtoanyonee________.Hehurth________inthecaraccidentandcouldn’tmovehislegsfreely.Don’tbeafraidofmakingm________inEnglish.It’snothingreally.Problemsandworriesaren________inlife.Weshouldalwaystrytosolvethem.Soyouarehalfwaytos________aproblembytalkingtosomeoneaboutit.T________areyoungpeoplebetweentheageof13and19.IfyoustudyEnglishwell,youcant_________aroundtheworldeasily.IknowIwasafooltot________himbutheisarealclevermanwhotookmein.Evenifyoulearnsomethingwell,youwillforgetitu________youuseit.Heisagoodandu________teacher.Heknowsabouthisstudentsalot.YesterdayLauratoldherparentsthatshelostherwalletandtheywerereallyu________.Thesearev________fromallovertheworld.Icanjustwatchthemwithouttravellingoutside.Whoistheownerofthelostw________?Therearetwohundreddollarsinit.【语法练习】WeiMing:Alice,Ineedsomehelp!Myparentsaregivingmetoomuchpressureaboutschool!TheyalwaysrefusetoletmedowhatI1________(real)wanttodo.Theonlythingtheyallowmetodo2________myfreetimeisstudy.Ialwaysfeelupsetandnervous.Alice:Hey,WeiMing,3________youmaybeunhappywithyourparentsyoushouldtalkaboutyourfeelingswiththem.proper4________(communicate)willhelpthemknowwhatyou’rethinkingabout.Askthem5________theygiveyousomuchpressure.WeiMing:It’sbecausetheywanttogetgoodgradesinordertogetintoagooduniversity.Iknowtheycareformeverymuch,butIhopetomakedecisionsby6________(I).Alice:Totellthe7________(true).Iknowallaboutsuchstress.Idon’tthinklifeshouldjustbeaboutgrades.Freetimeactivitieslikesportsandhangingoutwith8________(friend)areimportant,too.WeiMing:Iquiteagree.IneedmorefreetimetodoactivitiesthatIenjoy.Thiscanhelpmerelaxandbe9________(health)Alice:Yes,youwon’tgetgoodgradesifyou’restressedoutallthetime.WeiMing:Ialsokeepworryingaboutgetting10________(good)gradesthanmyclassmates.Alice:Oh,youshouldn’tonlycompetewithyourclassmatestogetbettergrades.Insteadyoushouldallbehelpingeachothertoimprove.WeiMing:You’reright.Thanksforallofyouradvice,Alice.Travelcanteachkidsmorethanatextbook.Travelingwithkidsisgood1________them.Theycanfindnewinterests.Travel2________(make)informationaliveforkids,andmakesitmuchmoreexcitingthanstudyingtextbooksor3________(do)experimentsinthelab.Whiletraveling,theylearn4________todealwithnewsituations,andcommunicatewithotherpeople.Theylearnpatience,becausesometimesittakesalongtime5________(get)tosomeexcitingorinterestingplaces.I’vebeentravelingsinceIwassevenyearsold.Forme,tostoptravelingwouldbeliketakingsomethingawayfrommysoul(灵魂).Ican’tlive6________travelingandIwouldn’tbewhoIamifIdon’ttravel.Somepeoplethinkit’shardtotravelafterhaving7________(kid).Butinmyopinion,whenpeoplebecomeparents,itdoesn’tmeantheycouldn’ttravelanymore.Mychildrenhavebeentravelingsincetheywerethreeweeksold.Bringinganewlifeintotheworldcomeswithmanyduties(责任)andI’dlovetobeagoodmother.Oneofmy8________(duty)istoeducatemychildren.I’msothankfulthatmyparentstookmeonfamilytripswhenI9________(be)young.I’velearnedthattheoutsideworldismorecolorfulthanthelittleoneIwasliving10________.Ofcourse,Iwanttopassthesetravelsontomychildren.IvaluethememoriesIhavetravelingwithmychildren.I’msuretheywillalwaysrememberthemintheirlives.SpecialsurfingcampaplacetomakegreatmemoriesJacobNewland,14,hadneversurfedbefore.Butafterafewtries,hedidit!Heraisedhisarms1________(excited).“ItfeltlikeIdidsomethinggreat.”hesaid.Hisfatherlooked2________himfromtheshore.HecouldseeJacob3________(keep)hiseyesforward,asthewaterwashedoverhisbrightyellowsurfboard.Jacobandabout25otherkidswithdisability(残疾)learnedtosurfatacampinVirginiaBeach,Virginia,US.Thesurfcamphaslasted4________nineyears.Eachkid5________(get)a30-minitelessonwiththehelpofaswimcoachandafewvolunteers.Itwasnothingnewfor9-year-oldJackWenrichtobeinthewater.Hehadbeenthroughswimlessons.Itwashis6________(four)timeatthecamp.Hismom,Jennifer,saidheisnotafraid.“Onceheknewhow7________(swim),hejustjumpedrightintothedeepend,”shesaid.Jackhasautism(自闭症).Butsurfinggives8________(he)asenseoffreedom,Jennifersaid.“It’ssomethingtheycando,somethingtheycanbehappyabout,”shesaid.Noteveryonewantedtotrysurfing.Somejustlikedbeinginthewaterandlyingontheboard.Sopeoplegreetedthemwithcheerswhentheyreturnedtoshore.Andallthestudentscameback9________smiles.KarenMorgan-Hill,10________organizer(组织者),helpedthesurfs.Morgan-Hillsaidthewatermakespeopleopenupmoreandbuildstrust.Speaker1:Nooneknowswhatlifewillbelikeinthefuture.Butwecanhavesome1________(predict).Therewillbecomputersineachhome.WecantalkontheInternetandevenseethedoctorsonit.Andwewon’tusepapertowriteon.Wecanstudyoncomputers.Andtherewon’tbemanycarsormuch2________(pollute).Everyonewilltrytheirbest3________(keep)theenvironmentniceandbeautiful.Theseawillbe4________(clean)andtheskywillbebluer.Sotheworldwillbebetterandbetter.Speaker2:Inthefuture,peoplewillhavemoretime5________fun.Peoplewillbeabletotraveltootherplanetsforholidays.Maybepeoplewillliveonotherplanetsoneday.6________,somepeopledon’tagreeonthis.Theythinkitisnotsafeforpeopletoliveonotherplanets.Theyhopethatscientistswillbuildcitiesundertheseatomakethemlivethere.Speaker3:Whatkindoflifewillweliveinthefuture?Ithinkinthefutureeveryfamilywillhavearobotintheirhomes.Itcanhelpwiththehousework,7________ascleaningtherooms,sweepingthefloor,8________(wash)theclothes,andsoon.So,wecansavemuchtimefromunnecessarythings.Ofcourse,therewillbemanyrobotsworkingin9________(factory).Theydoeasyjobsoverandover10________.Andtheywillnevergetbored.Becauseofthis,manypeoplewilllosetheirwork---theymighthavenothingtodo.Lifeisfullofregrets(遗憾).Anyonearoundyouwillhaveno1________(difficult)tellinghisregrets.Butwhatcanwedotoavoidfutureregrets?MakebetterplansIfyoustarttodosomething，youneedtomakeaplanbeforedoingit.Theearlier,the2________(good).Youwillknowwhatcomesfirstandwhatcomeslast.You’llalsoknowwhatyoushoulddoandwhatyoushouldn’tdo.3________changeshappen,youcanhavemoretimetodealwiththem.LiveamoreactivelifeYoucangoaroundmoreoften.Moreoutdooractivitiescankeepyourelaxedandactive.Youalsoneedtobekind.“Thank”youcanbringasmileto4________(someone)face.Learn5________(say)“Sorry”anddon’tbeangrywithothers.FindtherightfriendAfriendmaymakeyourlifebetterandheorshecanbreakyourlifeaswell.Soyouneedtothink6________(two)whenyouchooseafriend.Goodfriendswillalwaysbetteryourideas.Whenyougetintotrouble,askthem7________help.Thatlittlehelpmaygetyougood8________(result).NeverfearfailureEverybody9________(fail).Eventhegreatestpersonfailed.Weshouldnotfearfailure,becausefailureisnottheendoftheroad,wemusttakefailureasachancetolearnandimprove10________(we).Lifeisgood.Wedon’thavetoliveinourpast，butwedohopethatwecanplanbetter,livebetter,andworkbetterwhenwehavethechancetodoso.Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Whenchildrenlearntospeak,otherpeopleshouldnotcorrecttheirmistakesallthetime.Ifwedo,they________(stop)speaking.Letthemunderstandthedifferencebetweenthelanguagetheyspeakandthelanguagelikeotherpeoplearoundthemspeak.Dayafterday,theywillmakesome2________(change)tomaketheirlanguagelikeothers’.Inthesameway,childrencanlearntodomanyotherthings3________others’help.Forexample,towalk,torun,toclimb,and4________(ride)abikemakethemselvesunderstandhowtheyshoulddoit.5________(slow),theycanchangetheirattitudeandbehaviorthemselves.Butatschool,weneverletachild6________(he)findouthismistakesandcorrectthem.Weusuallythinkhewillneverknowhismistakesifwedonottellhim7________hewillnevercorrectthemifwedonotmakehimdoit.Weshouldtrytolethimfindtheanswers8________theproblems,andfindgoodwaysofworkingthemoutwiththehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsto.Canteachersgivestudentsanswerbooksiftheydomathproblems?Letthemcorrecttheirhomeworkalone.9________thestudentstelltheirteachersthattheycan’tfindthewaystogettherightanswers,theteachersshouldhelpthem.Letthestudentsknowwhattheymustlearn,howtojudgetheirown10________(think),howtoknowwhattheyknoworwhattheydon’tknow.Thesepiecesofadviceareimportantforchildren.【参考答案】意思单词词性意思单词词性发怒的，生气的angryadj.会议，集会，会面meetingn.小心的，细致的，精心的，慎重的carefuladj.英里milen.粗心的，不小心的carelessadj.错误，失误mistaken.正常的，一般的normaladj.步，步骤stepn.善解人意的，体谅人的understandingadj.在中途，部分地做(或达到)halfwayadj.&adv.难过，失望，沮丧upsetadj.(13-19岁的)青少年teenagern.出租汽车，的士taxin.录像带，录像videon.无疑，肯定，当然，无certainlyadv.钱包walletn.别的，其他的elseadv.他自己himselfpron.除非，如果不unlessconj.劝告，建议advisev.劝告，建议advicen.(=organise)组织，筹备organizev.代理人，经纪人agentn.解决，解答solvev.巧克力chocolaten.相信，信任trustv.经验，经历experiencen.旅行，游历travelv.&n.专家expertn.单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词adviseadvisesadvisedadvisedadvisingorganizeorganizesorganizedorganizedorganizingsolvesolvessolvedsolvedsolvingtrusttruststrustedtrustedtrustingtraveltravelstraveledtraveledtraveling单词复数单词复数单词复数advice/meetingmeetingsteenagerteenagersagentagentsmilemilesvideovideoschocolate/mistakemistakeswalletwalletsexperienceexperiencesstepstepstaxitaxisexpertexperts单词比较级最高级单词比较级最高级angryangrierangriestunderstandingmoreunderstandingmostunderstandingcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulupsetmoreupsetmostupsetangry形容词变副词angrilycareful形容词变副词carefullycareless形容词变副词carelesslynormal形容词变副词normallyunderstanding形容词变动词understandcertainly副词变形容词certainexperience名词变形容词experiencedmeeting名词变动词meetadvise动词变名词adviceorganize动词变名词organizationtravel动词变名词traveller1.experience经验经历经历HeisagreatteacherwithalotofEnglishteachingexperience.Hehasexperiencedlotsofinterestingthings.Theseexperienceswillteachhimalotaboutlife.2.mistake错误错误地Listencarefully,andtrynottomakemistakesnexttime.Itaketheumbrellabymistake,I’msorry.3.step步骤踏入WeshouldlearnEnglishstepbystep.Don'tstepintothegrass.【高频短语】beangrywithsb.对某人生气beangryatsth.对某事生气takeone’sadvice接纳某人的建议givesb.advice给予某人建议agoodpieceofadvice一条好的建议beanexpertof成为…的专家bymistake错误地makemistakes犯错误byoneself独自solvetheproblems解决问题advisesb.todosth.建议某人去做某事【词汇练习】AdviceangryexperiencecarefulcarelesscertainlychocolateelsehimselfmistakesnormalsolvingTeenagerstraveltrustunlessunderstandingupsetvideoswallet【语法练习】reallyinalthoughcommunicationwhymyselftruthfriendshealthybetterformakesdoinghowtogetwithoutkidsdutieswasinexcitedlyatkeepingforgetsfourthtoswimhimwiththepredictionspollutiontokeepcleanerforHoweversuchwashingfactoriesagaindifficultybetterIf/whensomeone’stosaytwiceforresultsfailsourselveswillstopchangeswithouttorideSlowlyhimselfortowhenthoughts