考研考博-英语-新疆现代职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案篇详解

书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新疆现代职业技术学院考试押题卷含 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！卷I一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1. 翻译 阿房宫赋翻译下载德汉翻译pdf阿房宫赋翻译下载阿房宫赋翻译下载翻译理论.doc 题Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetII.文化的多样性是人类文明最本质的特征，尊重不同文化的独立与发展，加强文化交流与合作，是维护世界文化多样性的重要前提。在全球化的时代，人类面临着许多共同的问题，都需要通过广泛的文化沟通与合作来寻求答案，中国提倡充分尊重各国的文化传统，社会 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 、发展道路，倡导开放兼容的文化观，也真诚地愿意通过与各国广泛开展合作，借鉴各种文明之长，推动建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。  【答案】Culturaldiversityisthemostessentialcharacteristicsofhumancivilization,torespecttheindependenceanddevelopmentofadifferentcultureandstrengthenculturalexchangesandcooperationisimportantpreconditionsforthemaintenanceofworldculturaldiversity.Intheeraofglobalization,mankindisfacedwithmanycommonproblemsandallneedtoseektheanswerthroughextensiveculturalcommunicationandcooperation,Chinaadvocatesafullrespectforeachcountry’sculturaltradition,socialsystemanddevelopmentpathandcallforopenandcompatibleculturalview,andalsoissincerelywillingtopromotetobuildaharmoniousworldoflastingpeaceandcommonprosperitythroughextensivecooperationwithothercountriesanddrawingonthestrengthsofthevariouskindsofcivilization.2.单选题Whenimaginativementurntheireyestowardsspaceandwonderwhetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheerthemselvesbyrememberingthatlifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.Marslooksliketileonlyplanetwherelifelikeourscouldexist,andeventhisisdoubtful.ButtheremaybemilerkindsoflifebasedonotherkindsofchemistryandtheymaymultiplyonVenususorJupiter.Atleastwecannotproveatpresentthattheydonot.Evenmoreinterestingisthepossibilitythatlifeontheirplanetsmaybeinamoreadvancedstageofevolution.Present-daymanisinapeculiarandprobablytemporarystage.Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives.Butman'ssocietiesarealreadysufficientlydevelopedtohaveenormouslymorepowerandeffectivenessthantheindividualshave.Itisnotlikelythatthistransitionalsituationwillcontinueverytongortheevolutionarytimescale.Fiftythousand,yearsfromnowman'ssocietiesmayhavebecomesoclose-knitthattheindividualsretainnosenseofseparatepersonality.Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion.Theexplorers-ofspaceshouldbepreparedforsomesuchsituation.Iftheyarriveonaforeignplanetthathasreachedanadvancedstage(andthisisbynomeansimpossible),theymayfinditbeinginhabitedbyasinglelargeorganismcomposedofmanycloselycooperatingunits.Theunitsmaybe"'secondary,'"machinescreatedmillionsofyearsagobyapreviousformoflifeandgiventhewillandability'tosurviveandreproduce.Theymaybebuiltentirelyofmetalsandotherdurablematerials,ifthisisthecase,theymaybemuchmoretolerantoftheirenvironmentmultiplyingunderconditionsthatwoulddestroyimmediatelyanyorganismmadeofcarboncompoundanddependentonthefamiliarcarboncycle.Suchcreaturesmightberelicsofapastage,manymillionsofyearsago,whentheirplanetwasfavorabletotheoriginoflifeortheymightbeimmigrantsfromafavoredplanet.1.Whatdoestheword"cheer"(Para.1,Line2)imply?2.HumansonEartharecharacterizedby（）     .3.Accordingtothispassage,somepeoplebelievethateventually（）     .4.Evenmostimaginativepeoplehavetoadmitthat（）.5.Itseemsthatthewriter（）     .问题1选项A.Imaginativemenaresureofsuccessinfindinglifeonotherplanets.B.Imaginativemenaredelightedtofindlifeonotherplanets.C.Imaginativemenarehappytofindadifferentkindoflifeexistingonotherplanets.D.Imaginativemencanbepleasedwiththeideathattheremightexistdifferentformsoflifeonotherplanets.问题2选项A.theirexistenceasfreeandseparatebeingsB.theircapabilityoflivingunderfavorableconditionsC.theirgreatpowerandeffectivenessD.theirstrongdesireforlivinginaclose-knitsociety问题3选项A.humansocietieswillbemuchmorecooperativeB.manwillliveinahighlyorganizedworldC.machineswilltakecontrolovermanD.livingbeingswilldisappearfromEarth问题4选项A.humansocietiesareasadvancedasthoseonsomeotherplanetsB.planetsotherthanEartharenotsuitableforlifelikeourstostayC.itisdifficulttodistinguishbetweenorganicpartsandinorganicpartsofthehumanbodyD.organismsaremorecreativethanmachines问题5选项A.isinterestedintheimaginarylifeformsB.iseagertofindadifferentformoflifeC.iscertainoftheexistenceofanewlifeformD.iscriticaloftheimaginativepeople【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】第1题:根据第一段的第一句“...whetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheer...lifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.”当富有想象力的人们将目光投向太空，想知道生命是否存在于其它地方时，他们可能会因为想到生命不一定要与地球上存在的生命相同而感到欢欣鼓舞。选项D符合原文。第2题:根据第二段的第二、三句“Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives."个体保持着强烈的个性。事实上，在有利的环境下，他们仍然有能力过个人生活。说明地球上的人们是自由存在的个体，选项A符合原文。第3题:根据第三段的最后一句“Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion.”100万年后，人类和他的机器可能“融合得像人体肌肉和驱动肌肉运动的神经细胞一样紧密”。所以选项C符合原文。第4题:根据第三段“Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.”那么多有机体的有机部分和由它构成的无机物（机器）之间就没有什么区别了。选项C符合原文。第5题:选项A对想象中的生命形式感兴趣；选项B渴望寻找不同的生命形式；选项C认为一定存在某种新的生命形式；选项D批判富有想象力的人。根据全文可以推断，选项A更符合原文。3.翻译题Readingisnotsimplyanintellectualpursuitbutanemotionalandspiritualone.Itlightsthecandleinthehurricanelampofself;that’swhyitsurvives.TherearebookclubsandbookWebsitesandbooksontapeandbookonline.Therearestillmillionsofpeoplewholikethepaperversion,atleastfornow.Andi£thatchanges-well,whatisabook,really?Isititsbody,oritssoul?(10%)Nomatterwhereintheworldyouliveorwhatsectoryouareinvolvedin,youhavetotakeintoaccountChina’srise.ChinacontinuestoinvestandbuythingsabroadinitsdrivetosecureaccesstonaturalresourcesinplaceslikeAfghanistanandAustraliaandtoexertpower.True,Chinahasfartoomanypoorpeople,anditshealthcareandsocialsecuritysystemsstilllagbehinddozensofcountries.ManyanalystspointtoitspovertyandalackofmilitarypresenceindifferenthemispheresreadytostrikeatwilltoarguefoolishlythatChinaisinfactaweaknationconcernedwiththepotentialcollapseofitspoliticalandeconomicsystems.【答案】阅读不仅仅是一种简单的知识性的追求，而是一种情感和精神的追求。它点燃了人们心中的飓风灯，这个就是阅读一直存在人们心中的原因。有图书俱乐部、读书网站、读书磁带、在线图书。至少在现在，仍然有上百万人喜欢纸质的书。如果事情发生了变化，那么究竟什么是一本书呢？是书的躯体还是它的灵魂。无论你住在世界的哪个地方，或者你进入到了哪个领域，你都必须考虑到中国的崛起。中国不断在海外投资和采购，在阿富汗、澳大利亚等国家获得资源以发挥更大的影响力。实际上，中国还有很多贫困人口，并且中国的医疗保障和社会保障体系仍然落后于许多国家。许多分析家指出，中国的贫穷以及军事力量的匮乏，在不同地区可随时受到打击，因此愚蠢地认为，中国实际上是一个脆弱的国家，担心它的政治和经济体系的崩溃。4.填空题Lastyearthedirectorofourcompanywasaccused（1）corruptionandarrested.Athis（2）threeseniorgovernment（3）testifiedthathehadattemptedtobribethem.Intheendhewasfoundguiltyandsentencedtofifteenyearsin（4）.【答案】of;trial;officials;prison【解析】句意:去年，我们公司的董事被控告贪污而被捕。在审判中，三名政府官员举证其试图贿赂他们。最终他被判有罪，判处入狱十五年。1.固定搭配。beaccusedof被控告。2.语义题。根据后面的testified（举证）推测此时场景为审判时,故填trail。3.语义题。根据后面的bribe(贿赂)可以推断出贿赂的对象一般是指“政府官员”，填officials。4.语义题。句意为:判处入狱十五年。5.单选题Ifwe（）ourrelationswiththatcountry,we’llhavetofindanothersupplierofrawmaterials.问题1选项A.diffuseB.diminishC.terminateD.preclude【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项diffuse“扩散；传播；漫射”；B选项diminish“减少，缩小”；C选项terminate“使终止；使结束；解雇”；D选项preclude“排除；妨碍；阻止”。句意：如果我们终止与那个国家的关系，我们就得另找一个原材料供应者。根据后半句句意可知C正确。6.单选题WalkthroughTimesSquare—you’rebombardedwithadvertising.Anditturnsout,abumblebeemighthaveasimilarfeeling,buzzingthroughafieldofflowers.“Sotheseflowersarethesebillboards,they’readvertisingacommodity,thisdeliciousnectar(花蜜)reward,andbeesareverypickyshoppers”,saysAnneLeonard,apollinationbiologistattheUniversityofNevada,Reno.Shedescribesaflowerfieldasasortofpollinationmarketplace.“Beesarenectarexperts.Theyarereallygoodatassessingevenreallysmalldifferencesinthesugarconcentrationofnectar.”Theyalsoscopeoutflowershapeandsize,colorandscent.AndnowLeonardandhercolleagueshavediscoveredthatbumblebeesarealsosensitivetopollen.Theyfoundthatoutbylacingbatchesofcherrypollenwitheithertablesugarorbitterquinine.Andtodisplaythepollentobees,“Wegotreallyintoit—westarted3-Dprintingflowersinourlab.”Andfortheanther—themaleflowerpart,whichpresentsthepollen—pipecleaners.“SoweboughtoutMichael’scraftstoresuppliesofthesepipecleanersandusedtheminourexperiments.”Itturnsoutbeeswouldreturnagainandagaintothesamecolorflowerthatdispensedsweetpollen,andspendmoretimecollectingthere.Butwhenconfrontedwiththebitterpollen,theysoughtadifferentcoloredflowerfortheirverynextstop.Allofwhichsuggeststhat,inadditiontosavoringnectar,beestastepollentoo—andjudgeflowersbyit.TheresultsareinthejournalBiologyLetters.Thefindingmeansthatplantshavetofindahappymedium:“Socanyoumakeyourpollenattractiveenoughthatthebeeswillcollectit,butdistastefulenoughthattheywon’tcollecttoomuchofit?”Andthatbalancingact,ofcarefullycalibratedchemistry(校准化学)—it’sjustoneofthemanytransactionsthatplaysoutinthebuzzingpollinationmarketplace,wheretheobjectistomakeasweetprofit.1.Whatdoestheauthorcompareaflowerfieldto?2.Whyarebeesdescribedasnectarexperts?3.WhatareusedtopresentthepollenbyAnneandhercolleaguesintheirexperiments?4.Howdobeeschoosewheretovisitinaflowerfieldaccordingtothepassage?5.WhatdoAnneandhercolleagues’researchfindingssuggest?问题1选项A.TimesSquare.B.Acommodity.C.Abillboard.D.Ashopper.问题2选项A.Becausetheyareabletodetectdifferencesinsugarlevelsofnectar.B.Becausetheyarecapableofdiscerningdifferenttypesofflowers.C.Becausetheyknowinstinctivelywheretocollectmorenectar.D.Becausetheycoulddistinguishsweetpollenfrombitterone.问题3选项A.3-Dprinters.B.Pipecleaners.C.Sugar.D.Quinine.问题4选项A.Bycolorandscentofflowers.B.Bytasteofnectarandpollen.C.Bymalenessorfemalenessofflowers.D.Byshapeandsizeofflowers.问题5选项A.Calibratedchemistryisveryusefulinchangingthestructureofpollen.B.Attractingmorebeestopollinatecouldmakeplantsmoreproductive.C.Themorebeestobeattracted,thebetteritwillbeforthepollen.D.Thetasteofpollencanbecontrolledforcommercialpurpose.【答案】第1题:A第2题:A第3题:A第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.【 试题 中考模拟试题doc幼小衔接 数学试题 下载云南高中历年会考数学试题下载N4真题下载党史题库下载 答案】A【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“WalkthroughTimesSquare—you’rebombardedwithadvertising.Anditturnsout,abumblebeemighthaveasimilarfeeling,buzzingthroughafieldofflowers.‘Sotheseflowersarethesebillboards,they’readvertisingacommodity,thisdeliciousnectar(花蜜)reward,andbeesareverypickyshoppers’（走过纽约时代广场，你会被广告不断侵扰。事实证明，熊蜂在嗡嗡地飞过花田时，可能会有类似的感觉。因为这些花朵就像是那些广告牌，它们在为这些美味可口的花蜜打广告，而蜜蜂就是那些非常挑剔的消费者）”。由此可知作者把花田比作时代广场，把花朵比作广告牌。A选项“时代广场”；B选项“一种商品”；C选项“广告牌”；D选项“购物者”。B、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。2.【试题答案】A【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Beesarenectarexperts.Theyarereallygoodatassessingevenreallysmalldifferencesinthesugarconcentrationofnectar.（蜜蜂是花蜜专家。它们很擅长评估花蜜，即使花蜜糖的浓度存在微小的区别它们也能感觉到。）”。A选项“因为它们能够检测出花蜜中糖分水平的差异”；B选项“因为它们能够辨别不同种类的花”；C选项“因为它们本能地知道去哪里采集更多的花蜜”；D选项“因为它们可以区分甜花粉和苦花粉”。B、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。3.【试题答案】A【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第三段“Andtodisplaythepollentobees,‘Wegotreallyintoit—westarted3-Dprintingflowersinourlab.’（为了向蜜蜂展示花粉，‘我们进行了非常深入地研究，我们开始在实验室用3D技术打印花朵。’）”。A选项“3D打印技术”正确；B选项“清管器”是为了呈现花药部分；C选项“甜蔗糖”和D选项“苦奎宁”是为了试验蜜蜂对花粉味道的评估。因此A选项正确。4.【试题答案】A【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第四段“Itturnsoutbeeswouldreturnagainandagaintothesamecolorflowerthatdispensedsweetpollen,andspendmoretimecollectingthere.（实验证明，蜜蜂会在含有甜蔗糖花粉的相同颜色花朵间重复往返，并且花费更多的时间来采集。）”。A选项“根据花的颜色和气味”正确；B选项“通过花蜜和花粉的味道”；C选项“通过花的雄性或雌性”；D选项“根据花朵的形状和大小”。B、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。5.【试题答案】D【试题解析】判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“Andthatbalancingact,ofcarefullycalibratedchemistry(校准化学)—it’sjustoneofthemanytransactionsthatplaysoutinthebuzzingpollinationmarketplace,wheretheobjectistomakeasweetprofit.（这一精确校准化学的平衡做法，只是蜜蜂授粉市场上进行的众多交易中的其中一种。该市场的目标是获得甜蜜的利润。）”，由此可知市场上很多人为了商业利润会人为的控制花粉的味道。A选项“校准化学在改变花粉结构方面非常有用”看似正确，但是联系全文以及安妮和同事们的研究，她们试验的结果主要还是表明花粉味道的可控性；B选项“吸引更多的蜜蜂授粉可以使植物更多产”和C选项“吸引的蜜蜂越多，花粉就越好”都不符合题意；D选项“为了商业目的，花粉的味道可以被控制”说法正确，因此D选项正确。7.单选题YourParadiseusedtobeafinemagazine,butnowthatitthetasteofacompletelydifferentreadingpublicit（ ）hasgonedowninquality.问题1选项A.deflectsfromB.flirtswithC.caterstoD.hingeson【答案】C【解析】动词短语词义辨析题。A选项deflectfrom“从……偏斜”；B选项flirtwith“同…调情；不认真考虑”；C选项caterto“迎合…口味；为…服务”；D选项hingeon“取决于……；以……为转移”。根据句意‘你们的《天堂》杂志本应该是一本优秀的期刊，但是现在却来满足完全不同的公众阅读口味，从而导致明显下降的质量。’可知这里表示迎合公众阅读的口味，C选项正确。8.单选题Thesearesignsthatthepresidencywillattempttoputenvironmentalissuesonhighits（ ）.问题1选项A.legislationB.trendC.mainstreamD.agenda【答案】D【解析】legislation立法，法律；trend趋势，倾向；mainstream主流；agenda议程，日程表。句意：这些迹象表明，总统将试图把环境问题提上议程。选项D符合句意。9.单选题Alldraughtsmustbe（）fromtheroom.问题1选项A.ejectedB.expelledC.excludedD.exiled【答案】C【解析】ejected喷射,驱逐；expelled开除,驱逐；excluded排除,驱逐；exiled放逐。句意：这间屋子不可有风透进来。10.单选题Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Beforeconsideringthisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesomerelatedconcepts.Conflict,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesdirectedagainstoneanother,isdistinguishedfromcompetition,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesindependentlystrivingforsomethingwhichisininadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotbeawareofoneanother,whilethepartiestoaconflictare.Conflictandcompetitionarebothcategoriesofopposition,whichhasbeendefinedasaprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother.Oppositionisthuscontrastedwithcooperation,theprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.Thesedefinitionsarenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimitedresources,butconflictisnot.Conflict,nevertheless,isverylikelytooccur,andisprobablyanessentialanddesirableelementofhumansocieties.Manyauthorshavearguedfortheinevitabilityofwarfromthepremisethatinthestruggleforexistenceamonganimalspecies,onlythefittestsurvive.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict.Socialanimals,suchasmonkeysandcattle,fighttowinormaintainleadershipofthegroup.Thestruggleforexistenceoccursnotinsuchfights,butinthecompetitionforlimitedfeedingareasandfortheoccupancyofareasfreefrommeat-eatinganimals.Thosewhofailinthiscompetitionstarvetodeathorbecomevictimstootherspecies.Thisstruggleforexistencedoesnotresemblehumanwar,butratherthecompetitionofindividualsforjobs,markets,andmaterials.Theessenceofthestruggleisthecompetitionforthenecessitiesoflifethatareinsufficienttosatisfyall.Amongnationsthereiscompetitionindevelopingresources,trades,skills,andasatisfactorywayoflife.Thesuccessfulnationsgrowandproduceeffortstoexpandterritoryattheexpenseofothers,andthusleadtoconflict.Itcannotbesaidthatwar-likeconflictamongnationsisinevitable,althoughcompetitionis.1.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorgivesthedefinitionsofsometerminorderto（）2.Accordingtotheauthor,competitiondiffersfromconflictinthat（）.3.Thephrase“functioninthedisserviceofoneanother”mostprobablymeans（）4.Theauthorindicatesinthepassagethatconflict（）.5.Thepassageisprobablyintendedtoanswerthequestion“（）'问题1选项A.argueforthesimilaritiesbetweenanimalsocietiesandhumansocietiesB.smoothouttheconflictsinhumansocietiesC.distinguishbetweentwokindsofoppositionD.summarizethecharacteristicfeaturesofoppositionandcooperation问题2选项A.itresultsinwarinmostcasesB.itinduceseffortstoexpandterritoryC.itisakindofoppositionamongsocialentitiesD.itisessentiallyastruggleforexistence问题3选项A.betrayeachotherB.harmoneanotherC.helptocollaboratewitheachotherD.benefitoneanother问题4选项A.isaninevitablestruggleresultingfromcompetitionB.reflectsthestruggleamongsocialanimalsC.isanoppositionamongindividualsocialentitiesD.canbeavoided问题5选项A.Whyisthereconflictandcompetition?B.Isconflictdesirable?C.Iswarinevitable?D.Cancompetitionleadtoconflict?【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.根据题干定位至第一段。作者给出一些两种对抗术语的定义是为了将两种对抗加以区分。C项正确。2.题干问的是竞争对比冲突的不同在于什么。定位至第二段：Manyauthorshavearguedfortheinevitabilityofwarfromthepremisethatinthestruggleforexistenceamonganimalspecies,onlythefittestsurvive.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict（许多作家根据动物世界为生存而进行的斗争中具有适者生存的规律这一点，认为战争是不可避免的。通常来讲，这种斗争从本质上来说是竞争，而不是冲突）。据此可知，竞争不同于冲突是因为竞争从本质上来说是为了生存。3.根据题干定位至第一段：Conflictandcompetitionarebothcategoriesofopposition,whichhasbeendefinedasaprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother.（冲突和竞争都是对立的范畴，被定义为社会实体互相伤害的过程）。因此，该短语为互相伤害。4.文章最后指出：Itcannotbesaidthatwar-likeconflictamongnationsisinevitable,althoughcompetitionis（尽管竞争不可避免，却不能认为国家间类似于战争的冲突也是不可避免的）。据此可知，作者认为冲突是可以避免的，D项正确。5.文章开篇点明主题：Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters（一个让世界上许多伟大的作家忧心的问题是：战争是否不可避免）。后文从各方面论述了“战争是否不可避免”这个问题。11.单选题Atallagesandatallstagesoflife,fearpresentsaproblemtoalmosteveryone."Wearelargelytheplaythingsofourfears,"wrotetheBritishauthorHoraceWalpolemanyyearsago."Toone,fearofthedark;toanother,ofphysicalpain;toathird,ofpublicridicule;toafourth,ofpoverty;toafifth,ofloneliness—forallofusourparticularcreaturewaitsinahiddenplace."Fearisoftenausefulemotion.Whenyoubecomefrightened,manyphysicalchangesoccurwithinyourbody.Yourheartbeatandresponsesquicken;yourpupilsexpandtoadmitmorelight;largequantitiesofenergy-producingadrenaline（肾上腺素）arepouredintoyourbloodstream.Confrontedwithafireoraccident,fearcanfuellife-savingflight.Similarly,whenadangerispsychologicalratherthanphysical,fearcanforceyoutotakeself-protectivemeasures.Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.Avisittothenewbornnurseryofanylargehospitalwilldemonstratethat,fromthemomentoftheirbirths,afewfortunateinfantsrespondcalmlytosuddenfear-producingsituationssuchasaloudlyslammeddoor.Yetaneighborinthenextbedmaycryoutwithprofoundfright.Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.Further,psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.AyoungmannamedBill,forexample,grewupwithafatherwhoregardedeachadversityasatemporaryobstacletobeovercomewithimaginationandcourage.Usinghisfatherasamodel,Billcametowelcomeadventureandtotrusthisownabilitytosolveproblem.Phil'sdad,however,spentmostofhistimetryingtoprotecthimselfandhisfamily.Afraidtorisktheinsecurityofajobchange,heremainedunhappyinoneposition.Heavoidedlongvacationsbecause"thecarmightbreakdown."Growingupinsuchahome,Philnaturallylearnedtobecomefearfulandtense.1.InthelastsentenceofParagraph1,"ourparticularcreature"refersto（）.2.Fearcanbeausefulemotiontousbecauseitcan（）.3.Fearbecomesaproblemonlywhen（）.4.Differentresponsesofnewborninfantstoaloudlyslammeddoorimplythat（）.5.Psychologistshavefoundthatourlaterfearsaredeterminedlargelybyour（）.问题1选项A.fearofsomethingB.afiercebeastC.physicalpainD.publicridicule.问题2选项A.stimulatemanyphysicalchangeswithinourbodyB.quickenourheartbeatandresponsesC.pourlargequantitiesofadrenalineintoourbloodstreamD.helpusrespondquicklytodangerandprotectourselves.问题3选项A.thedangeristhoughtgreaterthanitreallyis.B.thedangerismorepsychologicalthanphysicalC.onecannotstandthedangerD.oneisnotwellpreparedforit问题4选项A.somepeopleareinherentlymoreeasilyaffectedbydanger.B.people'sresponsetostimuliisnotaninheritedfeatureC.somepeopleseemtobeverysensitivetonoise.D.peoplesometimesseemtoturnadeafeartonoise.问题5选项A.homeeducationB.schooleducationC.parents'lifestyleD.earlyexperiences【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A第4题:A第5题:D【解析】1.根据上文提到的，恐惧对每个人来说几乎都是一个问题，每个人害怕的事物不一样，所以这里提到的我们这些特殊的生物是指对某种事物感到害怕。选项A正确，选项B，C，D都是指某一类人害怕的东西，不能以偏概全，所以错误。2.根据第二段的内容可知，恐惧是一种有用的情感是因为它能帮助我们面对危险时快速做出反应并自我保护。选项D符合原文。其他选项都只涉及生理反应而忽略了心理反应，太片面。3.根据第二段的最后一句“Itisonlywhenfearisdisproportionaltothedangerathandthatitbecomesaproblem.”只有当恐惧与眼前的危险不成比例时，它才会成为一个问题。也就是说，当危险被认为比实际上更大时，恐惧就会成为一个问题。选项A正确。4.根据第三段第一句“Somepeoplearesimplymorevulnerabletofearthanothers.”有些人只是比其他人更容易受到恐惧的影响。以及第三段的最后一句“Frombirth,heorsheismorepronetolearnfearfulresponsesbecauseheorshehasinheritedatendencytobemoresensitive.”从出生开始，他或她更容易学习恐惧的反应，因为他或她遗传了一种更敏感的倾向。选项A符合原文。5.根据第四段的第一句“psychologistsknowthatourearlyexperiencesandrelationshipsstronglyshapeanddetermineourlaterfears.”可知选项D正确。12.单选题Toomuchsunlightmightimpressuponmetheideaofhowmuchmoreagreeableitwouldbeoutofdoorsratherthanhunchedoverasheetofalmostblankpaper.问题1选项A.sympatheticB.enjoyableC.amendableD.approving【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。agreeable“令人愉快；适合的；和蔼可亲的”；A选项sympathetic“同情的；赞同的”；B选项enjoyable“快乐的；有乐趣的；令人愉快的”；C选项amendable“可修正的”；D选项approving“赞成的，满意的”。句意：太多的日光或许让我产生了这种想法，即去户外而不是弓着腰对着一张几乎空白的纸张会是更令人愉快的。题干说到“Toomuchsunlight太多的日光”与“outofdoors去户外”，由此可知agreeable在这里有“令人愉快的”的意思，因此B选项正确。13.单选题InApril1865,whenJohnWilkesBoothkilledLincolnatFord’sTheatre,thecurtainfinallyfellonaplaythathadbegunalmostassoonastheAmericancoloniesgainedtheirindepe