2013年三峡大学211翻译硕士英语

2013年三峡大学211翻译硕士英语 第1页共20 页 三 峡 大 学 2013年研究生入学考试试 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 (A卷) 科目代码: 211 科目名称: 翻译硕士英语 考试时间为3小时～卷面总分为150分 答案必须写在答题纸上 PART I GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY PART I SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE (15′) There are fifteen sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence. Mark your answer on your answer sheet. 1. He is planning another tour aboard, yet his passport will _______ at the end of this month. A. expire B. exceed C. terminate D. cease 2. Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to _______, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s. A. revolt B. revolve C. reverse D. revive 3. Visitors are asked to _______ with the regulations. A. contrast B. consult C. comply D. conflict 第 2 页 4. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are _______. A. out of work B. out of reach C. out of stock D. out of practice 5. The mother didn’t know who _______ for the broken glass. A. will blame B. to blame C. blamed D. blames 6. Children are _______ to have some accidents as they grow up. A. obvious B. indispensable C. bound D. doubtless 7. Comparison and contrast are often used _______ in advertisements. A. intentionally B. pertinently C. incidentally D. tiresomely 8. The government has devoted a larger slice of its national _______ to agriculture than most other countries. A. resources B. potential C. budget D. economy 9. The law on drinking and driving is _______ stated. A. extravagantly B. empirically C. exceptionally D. explicitly 10 The lawyer tried to _______ between the company and the union. A. reconcile B. mediate C. mingle D. condole 11. You must think carefully to avoid making a _______ decision. A. hasty B. hesitant C. tentative D. hardy 12. The charitable organization set up a _______ for the people escaping from the war zone. A. receipt B. regiment C. reign D. refuge 13. The prospect of increased prices has already _______ worries. A. provoked B. irritated C. inspired D. hoisted 第 3 页 14. Each workday, the workers followed the same schedules and rarely _______ from this routine. A. deviated B. disconnected C. detached D. distorted 15. Although we tried to concentrate on the lecture, we were _______ by the noise from the next room. A. distracted B. displaced C. dispersed D. discarded PART I SECTION B PROOFREADING & CORRECTION (15′) The following passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “?”sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line. 第 4 页 The aim of a job interview is to establish whether you are likely to do well in a particular job in a specific organization. This is not only a matter of having the necessary technical knowledge and skill. You must also have the motivation, the ability to adapt 16. _______ to new ways of working and a new work environment, and the 17. _______ personality to do the job and fit into a new team. But there are other personal skills affect your success in a job. These include 18. _______ getting on with people, oral or written communication, team 19. _______ working, problem solving and good time management. Most people think that interviewers know what they are looking for and will recognize when they see it. However, people 20. _______ are actually not very good at assessing one and another. This 21. _______ applies to recruiters as much as anyone else. In fact a former head of selection at one big firm used to say that “some interviewers are so poor they would do better to rely on chances”. In companies which recognize this, various methods are used to try to find the correct person. The most common is the 22. _______ structured interview. Research has shown that this approach is more reliable than the ordinary job interview, even as no effective 23. _______ as using tests or assessment centers. In a structured interview the interviewer groups the qualities listing in the job specification 24. _______ under various headings. There are two well-established structures for this: the National Institute of Industrial Psychology’s Seven- Point Plan and the Five-Fold Grading System. The interviewers Score candidates for how well they fit the job specification. 25. _______ 第 5 页 PART II READING COMPREHENSION (40′) In this section, there are several reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple choice questions, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet. Text A Oscar Wilde's definition of a cynic was someone who knew the price of everything and the value of nothing. His epigram applies to the way we talk about education nowadays, focusing on what it can do for the economy. That is indeed important, but it does not capture the real value of education. It is almost as if people are afraid of saying education is a good thing in itself. That comes from a loss of confidence in the importance of transmitting a body of knowledge, a culture, ways of thinking, from one generation to the next. It is a crucial obligation we have to the next generation and we are failing to discharge it. The latest example of this loss of confidence in education is the titles of the departments created by splitting the Department for Education in two. We have the Department of Innovation, Universities and Skills and we have the Department for Children, Schools and Families. The key word that is missing in those two lists is education. It is almost as if the government has lost confidence in the value of education, as distinct from other worthwhile aims such as helping families or raising our levels of innovation. For the government, science is no longer about evidence and reason, it is a lever 第 6 页 for increasing productivity. Foreign languages are not a means of appreciating the culture of another people; they are a means of improving trade. Yet people do not become teachers because they aspire to raising the rate of growth; they wish to pass on a love of their subjects. There is a paradox here. If we see education as a way of imparting a body of knowledge, we will do better at the functionalist side of education as well. Like happiness, it can be achieved only as a byproduct of something else. Real education means real subjects with a history, shape and rigour, together with the intellectual curiosity to challenge and renew them. Our body of knowledge must be rooted in a tradition, but must also be open to questioning. Indeed, what we know changes all the time--when Einstein was at Oxford in the 1930s, he set a physics paper with the same questions for two years running. When his colleagues challenged him, he replied that although the questions were the same the answers were different. That is part of the excitement of intellectual endeavour. Of course, skills matter too. But often they are best mastered through learning stuff. Look at what has gone wrong with history. We expect school-children to compare different primary sources and learn the analytical tools of the historian, but we will not allow them the sheer excitement of learning what happens next in a narrative history of our own country. Several subjects now face the vicious spiral of not enough people emerging from university who have studied the subject to provide the teachers to keep it going in schools. We cannot just solve this problem by passing a law or setting yet another target. We need a smarter policy than this that understands the role of a proud profession in living up to its own standards, and the power of choice by parents and students. 第 7 页 There are problems with the national curriculum but even more important is the intricate relationship between the Qualifications and Curriculum Authority and the examining boards. This is the source of the dumbing down and predictability of exams. 26. Oscar Wilde's definition of a cynic applies to the way we talk about today's education because A. the public fail to value education for itself. B. the expenses of modem education is too high. C. the definitions of two objects are the same. D. the economic development depends on education. 27. Which of the following adjectives best describes the author's attitude towards modern education? A. Objective. B. Positive. C. Negative. D. Biased. 28. The author draws an analogy between A. education and happiness. B. productivity and happiness. C. functionalism and productivity. D. knowledge and productivity. 29. Einstein's story is cited as an example to support the following statements EXCEPT A. human beings have never given up exploring unknown areas. B. the ability of critical thinking is essential for the students. 第 8 页 C. challenges are invisible motivation of scientific development. D. skill-training is the most important part in education. 30. The best title for this passage might be A. The Value of Education B. How to Solve the Educational Problems C. Education and Economic Development D. Government and Education Text B Employers buffeted by talk of recession slashed 80,000 jobs in March, the most in five years and the third straight month of losses. At the same time, the national unemployment rate rose from 4.8 percent to 5.1 percent, the clearest signal yet that the economy might already be shrinking. The new snapshot of the job market, released by the Labor Department Friday, underscored the damage that a trio of crises--in the housing, credit and financial sectors--has inflicted on companies, jobseekers and the economy as a whole. “The labor market has indeed turned south,” said Joel Naroff, president of Naroff Economic Advisors. “That was the one last bastion of hope to stay out of a recession. Now the question is how deep and how long will it last?” The unemployment rate was the highest since September 2005, when significant job losses followed the devastating blows of Gulf Coast hurricanes. Job losses were widespread in March. Construction, manufacturing, retailing, financial services and various business services all racked up losses. That overwhelmed gains elsewhere, including in education and health care, leisure and hospitality as well as in government. 第 9 页 On Wall Street, stocks fell, with the Dow Jones industrials down more than 80 points in morning trading. The new employment figures were much weaker than economists were expecting. They were anticipating a drop of 50,000 payroll jobs and the unemployment rate to rise to 5 percent. The 5.1 percent rate, while relatively modest by historical standards, was the highest in 2.5 years. Job cuts in both January and February turned out to be even deeper. Employers got rid of 76,000 in each month. The elimination of 80,000 jobs in March was the most since March 2003, when the labor market was still struggling to recover from the 2001 recession. The economy is suffering the effects of a housing collapse, a credit crunch and a financial system in turmoil. That's causing people and businesses to hunker down, crimping spending, capital investment and hiring. Those things in turn further weaken the economy in what has become a vicious cycle. For the first time, Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bemanke acknowledged Wednesday that the country could be heading toward a recession, saying federal policymakers are “fighting against the wind” in combating it. Many other economists and the public believe the recession already has arrived. Bernanke wouldn’t tip his hand about the Fed’s next move. However, many economists believe the central bank will lower interest rates again when they meet later this month, and they said Friday’s employment report would justify another reduction perhaps by half a point. The Fed has taken a number of extraordinary actions recently--slashing interest rates, providing financial backing to JP Morgan's takeover of troubled Bear Steams 第 10 页 and opening an emergency lending program for big investment houses. All the actions are ultimately aimed at limiting damage to the national economy. With a public on edge, Congress, the White House and presidential contenders are scrambling to come up with their own relief plans even as they engage in a political blame game. In March, construction companies cut 51,000 jobs, factories eliminated 48,000 positions, retailers cut payrolls by more than 12,000. Professional and businesses services lost 35,000 jobs and temporary help firms cut nearly 22,000 jobs. Financial firms chopped 5,000 jobs. When government hiring was removed, the numbers looked even worse. Private employers shed 98,000 jobs in March. With the pace of hiring slowing down, the number of unemployed people increased to 7.8 million in March; workers with jobs saw only modest wage gains at the same time. Average hourly earnings for jobholders rose to $17.86 in March, a 0.3 percent increase from the previous month. That matched economists' forecasts. Over the past 12 months, wages grew 3.6 percent. With lofty energy and food prices, workers may feel like their paychecks are shrinking. Many analysts believe the economy shrank in the first three months of this year and could still be ebbing now. The government will release its estimate of first-quarter economic growth later this month. Under one rough rule, if the economy contracts for six straight months it is considered in a recession. Bernanke, however, has said he is hopeful the economy will improve in the second half of this year, helped by the government's $168 billion stimulus package of tax rebates for people and tax breaks for businesses, as well as the Fed's rate reductions. Still, even Bemanke predicted this week that the unemployment rate would rise 第 11 页 in the months ahead. Some analysts say it could climb to 5.5 percent or higher by year's end. 31. The snapshot of the job market released by the Labor Department Friday showed that A. the damage involved only three sectors: housing, credit and finance. B. the crises have caused great damage to companies, job hunters and US economy. C. the significant job losses in September 2005 resulted from the hurricanes. D. people did not know how much time the damage would last. 32. Which of the following implies a contrast? A. .... it could climb to 5.5 percent or higher by year's end. B. With lofty energy and food prices, workers may feel like their paychecks are shrinking. C. The new employment figures were much weaker than economists were expecting. D. .... workers with jobs saw only modest wage gains at the same time. 33. The following are the extraordinary measures taken by the Federal EXCEPT A. lowering interest rates to limit damage. B. offering support to JP Morgan's takeover. C. lending emergency money for investment houses. D. providing job opportunities for the unemployed. 34. A lot of people lost jobs, but workers with jobs only earned a little money because A. the Fed has taken some effective measures. B. the policy makers were fighting against the recession. C. the American economy was globally in decline. 第 12 页 D. the central bank did not lend money to the employers. 35. From the description in the passage, we learn that A. the people, the business and the economy are inter-dependable. B. the government is not aware of the seriousness of the problem. C. the present economy in America is like the Great Depression. D. the congress, the white house and presidential contenders are to blame. Text C The excavated rooms of the Fullonica of Stephanus wool factory are home to some of Pompeii's best-preserved artifacts. Against one wall the terracotta basins used to wash wool with a mixture of water and urine--a winning formula before soap was developed--offer a rare glimpse into Pompeian life before the disastrous eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79. But on a recent morning these stunning chambers became the scene of a clash of a different kind. On one side French tourists were trying to get out. On the other German visitors were trying to get in. They met, and got stuck, in the room's narrow doorway. After much elbowing, shoving and cursing, umbrella-wielding tour guides broke the impasse. The bottleneck, however, underscores one of Pompeii's most serious problems: overcrowding. Pompeii's haunting ruins are one of the world's most important ongoing archaeological digs, attracting nearly 2.6 million visitors each year. Not surprisingly, the site is a major source of national pride among Italians, who strive to showcase heritage sites without sullying their historical context. Like many Italian excavations, Pompeii’s accessibility allows tourists to wander through the ancient ruins unhindered--provided they can find the elbow room. Now local officials have come 第 13 页 up with a controversial plan to fix the chronic crunch. Campania's new regional heritage councilor, Claudio Velardi, wants to limit visitors to the site and offer the newly freed-up space as a venue to rent to large foreign corporations. “My idea is very precise,” Velardi told NEWSWEEK. “By programming the number of visitors we could, first, make the Pompeii experience better for everyone. But we could also increase revenue by offering an opportunity for someone like Google or Microsoft to use the site for a private event.” Indeed, Velardi has already had talks with both these tech giants about renting Pompeii for sponsored and private events, even though he faces an admittedly tough battle to get governmental approval to use a public site for any private non-Italian use. Undeterred, he also plans to talk to Pixar and Warner Bros. about leasing the ruins as movie sets after Roman Polanski's film “Pompeii,” which is stalled in production, was shot in Spain. Velardi has a long list of other multinational companies that he believes would be interested and able to afford what he refers to only as an "astronomical" rental fee. “This is Pompeii, after all,” he says. “It is obviously a venue that would command a major investment.” In most countries this might seem like a sensible suggestion. But in Italy the proposal is seen as absurd and has become a lightning rod for a broader political debate about whether the nation's archeological treasures are going to become backdrops for American-style theme parks. Italian heritage sites have always been run ac-cording to strict rules meant to protect their integrity. To many Italians the notion of any sort of commercial meddling by outsiders--especially American concerns that may “Disneyfy” a site like Pompeii--will detract from its aesthetic and cultural value. “We face an incredible battle to do what would, in the end, be the best thing for Pompeii,” says Velardi. “The opposition is completely closed to the 第 14 页 idea because they see it as selling Pompeii rather than enhancing the site.” Certain sections of the ruins are already frequently rented out for publicly financed events. Last week the grassy Grand Palestra was closed to visitors as workers set up a stage for a grand piano and linen-covered banquet tables for a pre-election dinner sponsored by a local politician. And many organizations regularly sponsor specific projects in return for branding opportunities. The California-based Packard Humanities Institute has given 1.5 million euros in grants toward the conservation of Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum, and local companies like the Compagnia di San Paolo have funded restorations of the Terme Suburbane and the Lupanare brothel. That, however, hasn't curbed criticism from people like Pompeii's superintendent Pietro Giovanni Guzzo. Guzzo insists that limiting visitors should only be for the enhancement of services and not to turn a privately generated profit, even if the proceeds would go directly to the local cultural ministry for reinvestment. While Pompeii is considered an active archaeological dig, most funds allocated to the ruins are strictly for conservation and upkeep rather than any further exploration. Only two-thirds (44 hectares, or 107 acres) of the buried city has been excavated since the first digs began in the 18th century. An estimated 350 million euros would be needed to dig up the remaining third, but some conservationists would prefer to keep it underground as a way of preserving it for future generations. Velardi argues that renting out the site could even fund future digs. 36. The relationship between the second and third paragraphs is that A. the third further explains the second. B. each presents one side of Pompeii's site. C. both presents the bad points of Velardi's plan. 第 15 页 D. the third is the logical result of the second. 37. According to the passage, the political debate is about A. whether the Italians will invest in the Pompeian digs. B. whether Italians will sell the Pompeii sites to others. C. whether the land will be closed to visitors from abroad. D. whether archeological treasures are used for making money. 38. People who voiced their criticism over Pompeii do NOT insist that A. visitors be limited to solidarify integrity services. B. Pompeii be turned into a place privately generating profit. C. some parts of Pompeii be left underground for future generations. D. most money go to the conservation of the whole city. 39. In most Italians’ eyes, part of Pompeian city was dug out just to A. see crowding people have conflict with each other. B. close it to the foreign visitors for enhancement. C. show their heritage spots to the whole world. D. generate lots of income from the commercial activities. 40. What is the author's attitude towards the Pompeii's dig? A. Positive. B. Neutral. C. Indifferent. D. Critical. Text D In a year when Al Gore won the Nobel Peace Prize and green become the new red, white and blue; when the combat in Iraq showed signs of cooling but Baghdad’s 第 16 页 politicians showed no signs of statesmanship; and when J.K. Rowling set millions minds and hearts on fire with the final volume of her 17-year saga--one nation that had fallen off our mental map, led by one steely and determined man, emerged as critical linchpin of the 21st century. Russia lives in history--and history lives in Russia. Throughout much of the 20th century, the Soviet Union cast an ominous shadow over the world. It was the U.S.’s dark twin. But after the fall of the Berlin Wall, Russia receded from the American consciousness as we became mired in our own polarized politics. And it lost its place in the great game of geopolitics, its significance dwarfed not just by the U.S. but also by the rising giants of China and India. That view was always naive. Russia is central to our world--and the new world that is being born. It is the largest country on earth; it shares a 2,600-mile (4,200 kin) border with China; it has a significant and restive Islamic population; it has the world's largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction and a lethal nuclear arsenal; it is the world's second largest oil producer after Saudi Arabia; and it is an indispensable player in whatever happens in the Middle East. For all these reasons, if Russia fails, all bets are off for the 21st century. And if Russia succeeds as a nation-state in the family of nations, it will owe much of that success to one man, Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. No one would label Putin a child of destiny. The only surviving son of a Leningrad factory worker, he was born after what the Russians call the Great Patriotic War, in which they lost more than 26 million people. The only evidence that fate played a part in Putin's story comes from his grandfather's job: he cooked for Joseph Stalin, the dictator who inflicted ungodly terrors on his nation. When this intense and brooding KGB agent took over as President of Russia in 2000, he found a country on the verge of becoming a failed state. With dauntless 第 17 页 persistence, a sharp vision of what Russia should become and a sense that he embodied the spirit of Mother Russia, Putin has put his country back on the map. And he intends to redraw it himself. Though he will step down as Russia's President in March, he will continue to lead his country as its Prime Minister and attempt to transform it into a new kind of nation, beholden to neither East nor West. TIME's Person of the Year is not and never has been an honor. It is not an endorsement. It is not a popularity contest. At its best, it is a clear-eyed recognition of the world as it is and of the most powerful individuals and forces shaping that world--for better or for worse. It is ultimately about leadership--bold, earth-changing leadership. Putin is not a boy scout. He is not a democrat in any way that the West would define it. He is not a paragon of free speech. He stands, above all, for stability--stability before freedom, stability before choice, stability in a country that has hardly seen it for a hundred years. Whether he becomes more like the man for whom his grandfather prepared blinis--who himself was twice TIME's Person of the Year--or like Peter the Great, the historical figure he most admires; whether he proves to be a reformer or an autocrat who takes Russia back to an era of repression--this we will know only over the next decade. At significant cost to the principles and ideas that free nations prize, he has performed an extraordinary feat of leadership in imposing stability on a nation that has rarely known it and brought Russia back to the table of world power. For that reason, Vladimir Putin is TIME's 2007 Person of the Year. 41. Which of the following statements contains a metaphor? A. It was the U.S.'s dark twin. B. Whether he becomes more like the man... C. He embodied the spirit of Mother Russia. 第 18 页 D. Russia succeeds as... in the family of nations. 42. What is the role of the second paragraph in the development of the topic? A. To show Russia has the largest territory on earth. B. To describe how strong Russia still is in the world. C. To offer supporting details to the preceding paragraph. D. To provide an introduction to the following paragraphs. 43. The point of the fourth paragraph is that Putin took over as President of Russia when A. Russia was on the brink of collapse. B. the world was in the polarized politics. C. Joseph Stalin left Russia for ever. D. Russia was in a prosperous state. 44. TIME's Person of the Year is A. a great honor given by the whole world B. an endorsement offered by a certain organization C. a popularity competition organized by the TIME D. public recognition of the most powerful individual 45. According to the author, Putin’s success as a president is manly the result of A. national prosperity and world’s peace B. the country’s possession of wealth C. his adherence of the policy of stability D. the people’s admiration for his courage PART III TRANSLATION (30′) In this section, there are six sentences to be translated into Chinese or English: 第 19 页 three are Chinese-English translation exercises while the other three are English-Chinese translation exercises. Read the sentences thoughtfully and mark your answers on your answer sheet. 46. 而这些海的跳跃着的金眼睛重重叠叠一排接一排，一排怒似一排，一排比一 排浓溢着血色的赤，连到天边，成为绀金色的一抹。这上头，半轮火红的夕阳～ 47. 我们都说:“是的。”母亲也点点头。爹爹接下去说:“所以你们要像花生， 因为它是有用，不是伟大、好看的东西”我说:“那么，人要做有用的人，不要 做伟大、体面的人。”爹爹说:“这是我对你们的希望。” 48. 我若为王，自然我的妻就是王后了。我的妻的德行，我不怀疑，为王后只会 有余的。但纵然没有任何德行，纵然不过是个娼妓，那时候，她也仍旧是王后。 一个王后是如何地最贵呀，会如何地被人们像捧着天上的星星捧来捧去呀，假 如我能够想象，那一定是一件有趣的事情。 49. Histories make men wise; poet witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. 50. She felt like a chess player who, by the clever handling of his pieces, sees the game taking the course intended. Her eyes were bright and tender with a smile as they glanced up into his; and her lips looked hungry for the kiss which they invited. 51. Hemingway(海明威) once wrote that courage is grace under pressure. But I thwould rather think with the 18-century Italian dramatist, Vittorio Alfieri 第 20 页 (维多利奥•阿尔菲利), that “often the test of courage is not to die but to live.” For living with cancer endangers more than pressure; it begets terror. To live with it, to face up to it-that’s courage. PART IV WRITING (50′) Jiangsu Education TV Station has been suspended for making a program featuring model Gan Lulu with her mother and sister, whose foul language and wanton acts were not stopped by the producer. Nowadays the media tend to make sensational programs with notorious and controversial figures. What’s your opinion on this phenomenon? Write a composition in about 500 words according to the given information above. In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.