元音字母重读开音节和闭音节中的读音
折叠a ①在开音节中读/e?/ name, plane, Jane, baby, cake
②在闭音节中一般读作/?/ bag, dad, hat, map, black, back,如果a后面的字母是st,ss,th时,a读/ɑ:/ last
e ①在开音节中读 /i:/ he, these, me, Chinese
②在闭音节中读 /e/ bed, let, pen, desk, yes, egg
折叠i ①在开音节中读 /a?/ bike, drive, time, nice, kite
②在闭音节中读 /? / fish, big, drink, sit, milk, swim
折叠o ①在开音节中读 /??/ those, close, go , home, no
②在闭音节中读 /?/ clock, not, box, shop, sock
折叠u ①在开音节中读./ju:/ student, excuse, duty, Tuesday
2.元音字母u在辅音字母j、l、r或字母组合ch、sh、tr、dr后面时(辅音字母发音为[?]、[?]、[t?]、[d?]、[l]、[r]、[tr]、[dr]),读/u:/,例如:June,blue,ruler,true。
l ②在闭音节中读/?/ bus, cup, jump, much, lunch
折叠编辑本段元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
折叠a ①在/w/音后面读/?/ want, what, watch, wash, quality
②在f,n,sk,ph,sp,ss,st,th,lm前读/α:/ after, plant, ask,
grasp, glass, fast, father
折叠i 在-nd,-ld和gh前读 /a?/ find, child, light, high
折叠o ①在-st,-ld前读 /??/ most, postcard, old, cold
②在m,n,v,th前读 /?/ come, monkey, love mother
折叠编辑本段元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
折叠a /?/ China, another, woman, breakfast
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,作动词后缀音,a读/e?/音,例如:operate,a处在开音节位置,
折叠e
l /?/hundred,student,open,weekend,chicken,children
折叠i
l ①/?/holiday,beautiful,family,animal
l ②/a?/exercise,satellite
折叠o
l ①/?/second,tonight,somebody,welcome
l ②/??/also,zero,photo
折叠u
l ①/?/autumn,difficult
l ②/ju:/popular,congratulation,January
l ③在辅音字母j,l,r,s后面时,读/?/或/u:/音,例如:July,influence,February,issue。
l 在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a,e,i既可以读/?/的音,也可以读/?/的音。
折叠编辑本段-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
折叠ar
l ①/α:/car,farm,dark,sharpener
l ②在/w/音后面/?:/warm,quarter,towards
折叠or
l ①/?:/forty morning short
l ②/?:/word worker worse
折叠er,ir,ur
l /?:/certainly bird Thursday
注:①辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如:carry,sorry,hurry。②-r音节在非重读音节中通常读/?/音,例如:dollar,teacher,martyr,forget,Saturday。
折叠编辑本段-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
折叠are
l /e?/care,dare,hare
折叠ere
l /??/here,mere
折叠ire
l /a??/fire,hire,wire
折叠ore
l /?:/more,score,before
折叠ure
l /j??/pure,cure
折叠-re
l /?/centre,fibre,titre,meagre,saltpetre
折叠注
l ①are,ere,ire,ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读/?/音,例如:picture,pleasure。
l ②重读元音字母加r,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母r读/r/音。例如:parent,zero,story,during,inspiring。
l ③另外,某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如:orange,very,American,paragraph。
折叠编辑本段元音字组在重读音节中的读音
折叠ai,ay
l /e?/afraid,rain,wait,day,play
折叠air
l /e?/air,hair,chair,pair,repair
折叠al
l ①在l,k前/?:/small,ball,talk,wall,all,talk,
l ②/?:l/always,also,salt,almost
l ③在f,m前/α:/half,calm
折叠au,aw
l /?:/autumn,daughter,draw
折叠ea
l ①/i:/teach,easy,cheap,please
l ②/e/heavy,bread,sweater,weather
l ③/e?/break,great
折叠ear
l ①/??/hear,dear,near,clear,year
l ②/e?/bear,pear,wear,swear
l ③/?:/earth,learn,early
折叠ee
l /i:/jeep,week,green,three
折叠eer
l /??/pioneer,deer,beer
折叠ei,ey
l ①/e?/eight,neighbour,they
l ②/i:/seize,key
折叠eu,ew
l ①在j,l,r,s后/u:/ flew,brew,jewelry,jewel
l ②/ju:/ new,few,newspaper
折叠ie,ei
l /s/音之后/i:/piece,field,receive
折叠oa
l /??/coat,Joan,boat,goal
折叠oar,oor
l /?:/roar,board,door,floor
折叠oi,oy
l /??/noise,point,boy,toilet
折叠oo
l /u:/broom,food,tooth,school,zoo
l /?/book,look,cook,foot,good, football
折叠ou,ow
l ①/a?/flower,house,count,down
l ②/??/know,row,throw,though
l ③/?/young,country,enough
l ④/u:/group,soup
折叠our
l ①/?:/ course,your,four
l ②/a??/our,hour,sour
l ③/?:/journey
折叠oul
l /?/would,should,could(主要是情态动词、助动词)
折叠ui
l ①在j,l,r,s后/u:?/fluid,suicide,tuition
l ②/u:/juice,fruit,suit
折叠编辑本段非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
折叠ai,ay,ei,ey
l /?/foreign,monkey
折叠ow
l /??/yellow,sparrow,tomorrow
l 注:元音字组在非重读音节中通常读/?/音或/?/音。例如:serious,famous,biscuit,coffee,neighbour
折叠-sion,-tion
l ①/??n/impression,nation
l ②在元音字母后/??n/vision,decision,occasion
l ③在s后/t??n/question,suggestion
折叠-isle
l /a?l/aisle, Carlisle
折叠-sten
l /s?n/listen
折叠-stle
l /sl/whistle
折叠-sure
l /??/pleasure,measure
折叠-ture
l /t??/picture,culture
折叠编辑本段元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
l 复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如:everyday/e?/,handbag/?/,blackboard/?:/。有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如:holy(神圣)+day/e?/(日子)=holiday/?/(假日):break(中断)+fast/α:/(斋戒)=breakfast/?/(早餐);cup(茶杯)+board/?:/(木板)=cupboard/?/(碗柜)。
折叠编辑本段辅字组的读音
折叠b
l ①/b/ bike,bus,bag
l ②/不发/bomb,tomb
折叠c
l ①在e前或在i,y前/s/face,decide,cinema,bicycle
l ②其他情况/k/cake,picture,coat,music
l ③/t?/cello、concerto
折叠ch
l ①/t?/much,chick,rich,teacher
l ②/k/school,headache,chemistry(主要为希腊外来词)
l ③/?/machine,moustache(主要是法语外来词)
折叠-ck/cq
[k]cock,pocket,black,knock,checque,
折叠cz
l [t?] Czech
折叠d
l /d/doctor,bread,hand,day
折叠-dg(e)
l /d?/bridge,fridge
折叠dr-
l /dr/children,driver,drink
折叠ds
l /dz/hands(主要用于可数名词复数)
折叠f
l /f/five,four,breakfast
l /v/of
折叠g
l ①/g/bag,garden,go
l ②在e,i,y之前一般读作/d?/,少数例外,orange,large,German,apology,giant
l ③e,i,y之前少数情况下读/?/genre,massage
折叠gh
l ①/f/cough,enough
l ②/不发/light,daughter,high
折叠gu-,-gue
l ①/g/guess,league,dialogue(-gue在非重读音节中)
l ②/gw/language,anguish
折叠h
l ①/h/hot,head,house,hand
l ②/不发/hour,honest
折叠j
l ①/d?/jeep,jar,joke,join,June
l ②/?/Jacques(用于法国人名)
l ③/h/Juanita(用于西班牙人名)
折叠k
l /k/kind,bike,skate,make,week
折叠kn-
l /n/knife,know,knock
折叠l
l ①/l/life,lead,lot(出现在元音前面)
l ②/?/milk,school,tall[出现在元音后面。可以出现在辅音前,也可出现在辅音后(词尾)]
折叠m
l /m/monkey,come
折叠-mn
l /m/autumn,column,solemn
折叠n
l ①/n/not,shine,ten,note
l ②在/k/、/g/音前/?/uncle,thank,hungry
折叠-ng
l /?/morning,young,wrong
折叠p
l /p/paper,plane,pig,ship,pen
折叠ph
l /f/elephant,photo,telephone,graph
折叠q
l /k/Iraq
折叠qu-
l /kw/quality,quite
折叠r
l /r/red,rubber,ruler
折叠rz
l /?/ Zabrze(扎布热)
折叠s
l ①在词首、清辅音前/s/sit,sleep,desk
l ②元音字母间或浊辅音前/z/music,husband
l ③sure结构或s+i/e+元音字母时读作/?/或/?/。/?/:ensure,Asian。/?/:pleasure,conclusion。
折叠sc-
l ①/sk/scarlet
l ②/s/在i,e和y之前scenery,science
折叠sch-
l /?/schedule/英′?edju:l,美′sked?ul/
折叠sh
l /?/she,fish,shirt,wash
折叠t
l ①/t/ten,letter,meet
l ②在弱读字母ia,ie,io前/?/patient,nation
折叠tch
l /t?/watch
折叠th
l ①/θ/thin,thirty,method
l ②/e/the,these,with,than,clothe,father,weather(在冠词、代词、介词、连词中,以及在词尾-the,-ther中
折叠tr-
l /tr/tree,train,country,truck
折叠ts,tz
l /ts/Tsingtao(青岛),Tientsin(天津),pants(主要用于可数名词复数)
l quartz,Hertz/英h?:z,美h?:rts/(用于德国人名)
折叠v
l /v/very,voice,love,leave
折叠w
l ①/w/week,win,wake,sweet,wait
l ②/不发/answer,two,sword
折叠wh-
l ①/w/what,when,white,why
l ②在字母o前/h/who,whose,whole
折叠wr-
l /r/write
折叠x
l ①在重读元音后/ks/box,text,exercise
l ②ex+重音元音读/gz/,example,exist,exact
l ③/z/xylophone
折叠y
l /j/yes,yard,yellow,young
折叠z
l ①/z/puzzle,zero,zoo
l ②/?/azure
l ③/ts/pizza Nazi(意大利、德国外来词)
折叠zh
l /?/ zhoosh
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