高中化学必修二

高中化学 高中化学教材全套pdf高中化学基础知识填空高中化学选修1全套ppt高中化学学法指导高中化学选修四电化学 必修二 第一节 化学键与化学反应 第1课时 教研组长 李海芳 年级 六年级体育公开课教案九年级家长会课件PPT下载六年级家长会PPT课件一年级上册汉语拼音练习题六年级上册道德与法治课件 主任 教务主任 第三周第三课时 日期:3.23-3.20 制备人:李威 审核人:高一化学组 【学习目标】 1.了解化学键的含义 2. 化学键于化学反应的关系 3.了解离子键、共价键的形成，以及成键原因、成键微粒、成键性质 【重点】 离子键、共价键的成因和本质理解 【难点】 离子键、共价键的成因和本质理解 【自主学习】 自己阅读课本32-35页了解化学键定义并初步认识共价键和离子键。 【学习过程】 知识一、化学键的定义 1.定义________________________________________________________。 2(注意事项 (1)首先必须相邻。不相邻一般就不强烈 (2)只相邻但不强烈，也不叫化学键 (3)“相互作用”不能说成“相互吸引”(实际既包括吸引又包括排斥) 3(化学反应中物质变化的实质——旧化学键的断裂和新化学键的形成。 思考:氯化铵分解、碘升华、氯化氢溶于水是否属于化学变化,为什么, 知识二、共价键 1(定义:______________________________________________________. 2.形成过程 氢气在氯气中燃烧时，氢分子和氯分子获得____，化学键分别____，从而形成氢原子和氯原子。由于氢和氯都是非金属元素，都有得电子的趋势，最终谁也不能把对方的电子完全得到，而是氯原子和氢原子各提供______组成共用电子对，从而使两者的最外层都达到_____,产生强烈的相互作用,形成______。这样的化学键叫_______。由于氯和氢都没有完全得失电子，因此，都不形成______，steel bolts, screws and studs GB/T3098.6-2000 scope of this project are: 1, 2, 3 aluminium sheet curtain wall of glass curtain wall and the Aluminum plastic Board curtain wall 4, and stone curtain wall 5, and curtain wall buried pieces 6, and light steel points type glass rain canopy, and aluminum Board rain canopy 7, and aluminum Venetian 8, and outdoor advertising (containing roofing and the State surface advertising) 9 to spring glass door 10, and concrete structure and curtain wall between of layer between, and around fire seal blocking 11, and anti-mine 12, and daughter wall top processing 13, and pan light ming, engineering of tie construction 14, and buildings of deformation sewing (settlement sewing, and expansion joints,) 15, and After the detailed design drawings issued a wall embedded part is inconsistent with the tenderer needs to increase fixed curtain wall structure 16, decorative surfaces and decorative surface and joints between parts of other buildings facing sealing process, required to support the outer decoration of a hole, hole, plugging holes and so on. This works more decorative items, in order to ensure that the decoration construction progress and quality, trying to avoid construction does not ... Processing. After installation is complete if you have damaged galvanized parts should HCl中的氢和氯不能叫氢离子氯离子，只能叫________。 3.小结 (1)共价键的成键微粒是_____. (2)一般典型的非金属和非金属之间都形成_____. (3)共价键实质是_______。 (4)成键原因是_________________________________________________。 5)存在的物质:__________________. ( 知识三、离子键 1、定义________________________________________________________. 2、形成过程 在氯化钠的形成过程中，由于钠是金属元素很容易________，氯是非金属元素很容易_______，当钠原子和氯原子靠近时，钠原子就失去_________形成_______________，氯原子最外层得到_______________形成__________(两者最外层均达到稳定结构)，阴、阳离子靠________形成_______键，构成氯化钠。 3、小结 (1)离子键的成键微粒是_____. (2)一般典型金属和非金属之间都形成_____. (3)离子键实质是_______。 (4)成键原因是_______________________________________________。 (5)存在的物质:_____________________. 思考: (1)共价键一定只存在于共价化合物中吗?如: (2)离子键一定只存在于离子化合物中吗?如: (3)非金属间一定只是形成共价化合物吗?如: (4)金属和非金属间一定只形成离子化合物吗?如: 练习1:下列物质中?NaCl?CaO?MgCl?HO?CH?NH?KHS?Ar其中只2243 含有共价键的是 ;只含有离子键是 ;既含有共价键又含有离子键的物质 ;不存在化学键的物质是 。 练习2:在下列变化中:?碘的升华 ?烧碱熔化 ?MgCl溶于水 ?HCl溶于水?2 steel bolts, screws and studs GB/T3098.6-2000 scope of this project are: 1, 2, 3 aluminium sheet curtain wall of glass curtain wall and the Aluminum plastic Board curtain wall 4, and stone curtain wall 5, and curtain wall buried pieces 6, and light steel points type glass rain canopy, and aluminum Board rain canopy 7, and aluminum Venetian 8, and outdoor advertising (containing roofing and the State surface advertising) 9 to spring glass door 10, and concrete structure and curtain wall between of layer between, and around fire seal blocking 11, and anti-mine 12, and daughter wall top processing 13, and pan light ming, engineering of tie construction 14, and buildings of deformation sewing (settlement sewing, and expansion joints,) 15, and After the detailed design drawings issued a wall embedded part is inconsistent with the tenderer needs to increase fixed curtain wall structure 16, decorative surfaces and decorative surface and joints between parts of other buildings facing sealing process, required to support the outer decoration of a hole, hole, plugging holes and so on. This works more decorative items, in order to ensure that the decoration construction progress and quality, trying to avoid construction does not ... Processing. After installation is complete if you have damaged galvanized parts should 溴化钾溶于水?硫酸氢钠熔化?氯化铵受热分解?酒精溶于水?硫酸氢钠溶于水,未发生化学键破坏的是 ，仅发生离子键破坏的是 。仅发生共价键破坏的是 既发生离子键破坏又发生共价键破坏的是 (填写序号) 知识点四:物质电子式 1、定义:___________________________________________。 2、电子式的 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 写:写出下列物质的电子式: CO____________NaO____________ 222 MgCl__________HO__________CH__________ 224 【当堂达标】 1(下列说法正确的是 ( ) A(离子键就是阴阳离子间的静电引力 B(所有金属元素与所有非金属元素间都能形成离子键 C( 化学键是指相邻原子之间的强烈地相互作用 D(在离子化合物CaCl中，两个氯离子间也存在离子键 2 2(下列各数值 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示有关元素的原子序数，能以离子键相互结合成稳定化合物的是( ) A(10与19 B(6与16 C( 11与17 D(14与8 3(下列性质中，可以证明某化合物内一定存在离子键的是 ( ) A(溶于水 B(熔点较高 C(水溶液能导电 D(熔融状态能导电 4(关于化学键的下列叙述中，正确的是( ) ?化学键只存在于分子之间 ?化学键是相邻原子之间强烈的相互作用 ?化学键是一种静电作用 ?化学键是相邻分子之间强烈的相互吸引 ?离子化合物可能含共价键 ?共价化合物可能含离子键 ?离子化合物只含离子键 ?共价化合物不含离子键 ?非金属原子之间不可能形成离子化合物 ?两个非金属原子之间可以形成离子键 A(????? B(???? C(????? D(???? steel bolts, screws and studs GB/T3098.6-2000 scope of this project are: 1, 2, 3 aluminium sheet curtain wall of glass curtain wall and the Aluminum plastic Board curtain wall 4, and stone curtain wall 5, and curtain wall buried pieces 6, and light steel points type glass rain canopy, and aluminum Board rain canopy 7, and aluminum Venetian 8, and outdoor advertising (containing roofing and the State surface advertising) 9 to spring glass door 10, and concrete structure and curtain wall between of layer between, and around fire seal blocking 11, and anti-mine 12, and daughter wall top processing 13, and pan light ming, engineering of tie construction 14, and buildings of deformation sewing (settlement sewing, and expansion joints,) 15, and After the detailed design drawings issued a wall embedded part is inconsistent with the tenderer needs to increase fixed curtain wall structure 16, decorative surfaces and decorative surface and joints between parts of other buildings facing sealing process, required to support the outer decoration of a hole, hole, plugging holes and so on. This works more decorative items, in order to ensure that the decoration construction progress and quality, trying to avoid construction does not ... Processing. After installation is complete if you have damaged galvanized parts should3 5(下列物质中，包含化学键种类最多的是( ) A(AlCl B(CHCOOH C(HSO D(CHCOONH332434 6.下列变化不需要破坏化学键的是( ) A.加热氯化铵 B.干冰升华 C.水通电分解 D.氯化氢溶于水 7.下列各组物质中，化学键类型不同的是( ) A.NaCl和HNO B.HO 和NH C.CaO 和CsCl D.CCl和HCl 3234 8. steel bolts, screws and studs GB/T3098.6-2000 scope of this project are: 1, 2, 3 aluminium sheet curtain wall of glass curtain wall and the Aluminum plastic Board curtain wall 4, and stone curtain wall 5, and curtain wall buried pieces 6, and light steel points type glass rain canopy, and aluminum Board rain canopy 7, and aluminum Venetian 8, and outdoor advertising (containing roofing and the State surface advertising) 9 to spring glass door 10, and concrete structure and curtain wall between of layer between, and around fire seal blocking 11, and anti-mine 12, and daughter wall top processing 13, and pan light ming, engineering of tie construction 14, and buildings of deformation sewing (settlement sewing, and expansion joints,) 15, and After the detailed design drawings issued a wall embedded part is inconsistent with the tenderer needs to increase fixed curtain wall structure 16, decorative surfaces and decorative surface and joints between parts of other buildings facing sealing process, required to support the outer decoration of a hole, hole, plugging holes and so on. This works more decorative items, in order to ensure that the decoration construction progress and quality, trying to avoid construction does not ... Processing. After installation is complete if you have damaged galvanized parts should 第一节 化学键与化学反应 第2课时 出 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 人:吕圆圆 审核人:李春艳 2014-3-21 教研组 李海芳 年级主任 教务主任 【学习目标】1、了解化学反应中能量变化的实质，了解化学能与其他能量形式之间的转化。 2、了解常见的吸热反应、放热反应。 【重点】化学反应中能量变化 【难点】化学反应中能量变化 【自主学习】 阅读课本36-37了解在化学反应中，反应物转变为生成物时所经历的旧化学键断裂和新化学键形成的过程伴随着能量的变化。 【学习过程】 知识一、化学键与化学反应中的能量变化 旧化学键断裂 ( )能量E 1 反应物 生成物 新化学键形成 ( )能量E 2 当E>E 反应_______能量 当EH>H 5(下列过程中一定释放出能量的是( ) A(原子结合成分子 B(分解反应 C(分子拆成原子 D(化合反应 6(下列说法正确的是( ) steel bolts, screws and studs GB/T3098.6-2000 scope of this project are: 1, 2, 3 aluminium sheet curtain wall of glass curtain wall and the Aluminum plastic Board curtain wall 4, and stone curtain wall 5, and curtain wall buried pieces 6, and light steel points type glass rain canopy, and aluminum Board rain canopy 7, and aluminum Venetian 8, and outdoor advertising (containing roofing and the State surface advertising) 9 to spring glass door 10, and concrete structure and curtain wall between of layer between, and around fire seal blocking 11, and anti-mine 12, and daughter wall top processing 13, and pan light ming, engineering of tie construction 14, and buildings of deformation sewing (settlement sewing, and expansion joints,) 15, and After the detailed design drawings issued a wall embedded part is inconsistent with the tenderer needs to increase fixed curtain wall structure 16, decorative surfaces and decorative surface and joints between parts of other buildings facing sealing process, required to support the outer decoration of a hole, hole, plugging holes and so on. This works more decorative items, in order to ensure that the decoration construction progress and quality, trying to avoid construction does not ... Processing. After installation is complete if you have damaged galvanized parts should7 A(化学反应中的能量变化都表现为的热量的变化 B(需要加热才能发生的反应一定是吸热反应 C(放热反应在常温下一定很容易发生 D(反应是吸热还是放热必须看反应物和生成物所具有的总能量的大小 (下列性质中，可以证明某化合物内一定存在离子键的是( ) 7 A(水溶液能导电 B(由金属和非金属元素的原子组成 C(熔融状态能导电 D(可以溶于水并放出热量 8(在下列变化中:?干冰气化 ?硝酸钾熔化 ?食盐溶于水 ?HCl溶于水 ?蔗糖溶于水 ?NaO溶于水。用序号填空: 22 未破坏化学键的是 ;仅离子键被破坏的是 ;仅共价键被破坏的是 ;离子键和共价键同时被破坏的是 。 9(现有如下说法:?在水中氢、氧原子间均以化学键相结合?金属和非金属化合形成离子键，非金属之间只形成共价键?离子键是阳离子、阴离子的相互吸引?根据电离方程式HCl=H++Cl-，判断HCl分子里存在离子键?H分子和Cl分子的反应过程是H、Cl分子里2222共价键发生断裂生成H、Cl原子，而后H、Cl原子形成离子键的过程。上述各种说法正确的是(填序号) 10. 下列所列的物质 :?HCl ?CO?HO ?H ?NaOH ?Cl ?NaF 2222 ?CH?CaO ?MgCl 4 2 (1)属于离子化合物的是 ，属于共价化合物的是 。 (2)只含共价键的是 ，只含离子键的是 ， 既含有离子键又有共价键的是 。 (3)属于电解质的是 ，属于非电解质的是 steel bolts, screws and studs GB/T3098.6-2000 scope of this project are: 1, 2, 3 aluminium sheet curtain wall of glass curtain wall and the Aluminum plastic Board curtain wall 4, and stone curtain wall 5, and curtain wall buried pieces 6, and light steel points type glass rain canopy, and aluminum Board rain canopy 7, and aluminum Venetian 8, and outdoor advertising (containing roofing and the State surface advertising) 9 to spring glass door 10, and concrete structure and curtain wall between of layer between, and around fire seal blocking 11, and anti-mine 12, and daughter wall top processing 13, and pan light ming, engineering of tie construction 14, and buildings of deformation sewing (settlement sewing, and expansion joints,) 15, and After the detailed design drawings issued a wall embedded part is inconsistent with the tenderer needs to increase fixed curtain wall structure 16, decorative surfaces and decorative surface and joints between parts of other buildings facing sealing process, required to support the outer decoration of a hole, hole, plugging holes and so on. This works more decorative items, in order to ensure that the decoration construction progress and quality, trying to avoid construction does not ... Processing. After installation is complete if you have damaged galvanized parts should