人文英语4(unit 1-5)

人文英语4EnglishfortheHumanities4.Unit2Unit3Unit4CityandCountryLifeEducationalFairnessUnit5QualityofEducationLegalComplaintUnit6EffectiveCommunicationUnit7SocialWorkUnit8PleadingnotGuiltyContentsUnit1BritishCulture.BritishCulture.LearningObjectives.Matchtheplaces/peoplewiththepicturesbelow.Pleasemakesomecommentsontheplaces/people.YoumaysearchformoredetailedinformationontheInternet.WilliamShakespeareB.TowerBridgeC.BigBenD.TheBeatlesE.TheLondonEyeF.WinstonChurchill.BigBen（大本钟）BigBenisthenicknamefortheGreatBelloftheclockatthenorthendofthePalaceofWestminsterinLondon,andoftenextendedtorefertotheclockandtheclocktower.ThetowerisofficiallyknownasElizabethTower,renamedtocelebratetheDiamondJubileeofElizabethIIin2012.Thetowerholdsthesecondlargestfour-facedchimingclockintheworld.Thetowerwascompletedin1858andhasbecomeoneofthemostprominentsymbolsoftheUnitedKingdomandisoftenintheestablishingshotoffilmssetinLondon..TowerBridge（塔桥）TowerBridge(built1886–1894)isacombinedbasculeandsuspensionbridge（开合桥和吊桥）inLondon.ThebridgecrossestheRiverThamesclosetotheTowerofLondonandhasbecomeaniconicsymbolofLondon.Thebridgeconsistsoftwobridgetowerstiedtogetherattheupperlevelbytwohorizontalwalkways.Thebridgedeckisfreelyaccessibletobothvehiclesandpedestrians,whereasthebridge’stwintowers,high-levelwalkwaysandVictorianengineroomsformpartoftheTowerBridgeExhibition,forwhichanadmissionchargeismade..WilliamShakespeare（威廉·莎士比亚）WilliamShakespearewasanEnglishpoet,playwright,andactor,widelyregardedasthegreatestwriterintheEnglishlanguageandtheworld’spreeminent（卓越的，超群的）dramatist.HeisoftencalledEngland’snationalpoet,andthe“BardofAvon”.Hisextantworks,includingcollaborations,consistofapproximately38plays,154sonnets,twolongnarrativepoems,andafewotherverses,someofuncertainauthorship.Hisplayshavebeentranslatedintoeverymajorlivinglanguageandareperformedmoreoftenthanthoseofanyotherplaywright..WhatquestiondoesLiuHuiaskGordonaboutwatchingTV?Whatbenefitcanpeopleenjoywhentheyreachtheageof75intermsofTVlicense?WhatisthemainsourceofincomeforBBC?Listentothedialogandanswerthefollowingquestions..【句子】YouneedtobecoveredbyaTVlicenseifyouwatchorrecordprogramsasthey’rebeingshownonTVorliveonanonlineTVservice.【译文】如果你观看或录制电视播放或在线实况转播的节目，你就需要持有电视收视许可证。【难点】license许可证，执照。例如：businesslicense营业执照，driver’slicense驾驶执照；美语中，license也可以作动词，意为“授权，发许可证”。例如：ThenewdrughasnotyetbeenlicensedintheUS.这种新药在美国还没有被许可。online在线的，在网上。例如：onlineshopping网络购物，onlinegame网络游戏，onlinebanking网上银行。LanguageNotes.【句子】IncludingwatchingTVoncomputersandmobilephones?【译文】包括在电脑上和手机上看电视吗?【难点】mobile移动式的。例如：mobilephone移动电话，手机；mobilecommunication移动通信。【句子】WedoforthelivecableTVprograms.【译文】我们的直播有线电视节目需要电视收视许可证。【难点】这里的do指上句话中的need，意为“需要”。单词live此处是形容词，意为“直播的”。cable电缆。例如：Theyruncommercialsoncablesystemsacrossthecountry.他们在遍布全国的有线电视网做广告。LanguageNotes.强调句Idohatetheawfulsymbolsonthewallsdefinitely.我绝对讨厌墙上那些讨厌的符号。•英语中 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“强调”的方式有很多种，常见的方法如下：1.用助词do表示强调。例如：Thebabyisgenerallyhealthy,buteverynowandthenshedoescatchacold.Dobequiet.ItoldyouIhadaheadache.2.用形容词very，single等表示强调。例如：TheRedArmyfoughtabattleonthisveryspot.Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheofficethisafternoon.3.用副词very，only，even，so等表示强调。例如：.Hedrankittotheverylastdrop.Onlyinthiswaycanwewipeouttheenemytroops.4.用...andthat，...andthose，...nottoomuch,“否定加否定”等结构表示强调。例如：Theyfulfilledthetask,andthatinafewdays.5.用反身代词表示强调。例如：Imyselfwillseeheroffatthestation.6.用短语ineveryway，innoway，byallmeans，bynomeans,onlytoo，alltoo，buttoo，inheaven，intheworld，inhell，onearth等表示强调。例如：Hisbehaviorisineverywayperfect..ListentothedialoganddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTRUE(T)orFALSE(F).1.Mollyhasalreadyhadsomeplansthisafternoon.2.ZhangHuaasksMollytowalkaroundwithhim.3.ZhangHuawantstoseethetypicalBritishphoneboothsortheredbuses.4.Mollydoesn’tthinkgraffitiispartofLondon’sstreetculture.5.Itisthroughthemovie,Sherlock,thatZhangHuabecomesinterestedingraffiti（）（）（）（）（）.【句子】Wouldyouliketowalkaroundwithme?【译文】您愿意和我一起四处走走吗？【难点】walkaround四处走走。例如：It’simportanttotakemini-breaksduringyourworkday.Stopwhatyou’redoing,massageyourshoulders,neck,head,handsandarms,getupandstretch,walkaroundanddrinksomewater.忙碌的一天中抽出时间歇一会儿是很重要的。停下手中的事，揉揉肩膀、脖子、头、手和手臂，站起来伸个懒腰，四处走动走动，喝点儿水。【句子】Youcanposeforpictureswiththesemagnificentplacesinthebackground.【译文】你可以以这些壮观的地方作背景留影。【难点】posefor摆好姿势（让别人拍照或画像）。例如：Ihadn’tbeenonahorsesinceIwasfive,andthenonlytoposeforapictureinacowboyoutfit.我五岁的时候曾经穿着一身牛仔装爬到马背上，但只是为了拍张照片而已，从那以后我就再没有骑过马。LanguageNotes.Itis/was+被强调部分+that…句型•Itis/was+被强调部分+that...句型是强调句型，将被强调的部分放在前面，其他部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that也可以由who替代。Itis…或Itwas…分别表示现在（将来）或过去。例如：Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.（强调主语）Itismethatheisgoingtoblame.（强调宾语）ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened.(强调状语）..Readthepassageandcorrectthemistakesinthefollowingsentences.1.Therearenofreeservicesover480channelsforpeopletochoosefromintheUK.2.PeopleintheUKcan’twatchdigitalcontentontheInternet.3.TheLaborandLiberalPartiesagreedwiththebillintroducedbytheConservativeGovernmentin1953.4.TheBBCandIndependentTelevisionoftenputoutdifferenttypesofprogramsatthesametime.5.Thelicensefeeforcolorisalmostthesameasthatforblackandwhite..FillintheblankswiththewordsandexpressionsfromthepassagetooutlinethedevelopmentofBritishTV.TelevisionbroadcastingstartedintheUnitedKingdomin1936asapublicservice1.In1953theConservativeGovernmentintroducedabillto2commercialtelevision.Thiswasopposedverystronglybythe3Parties,butthebillwaspassedandcommercialtelevisionflourishes.Nowthereisacollectionof4servicesoveravarietyofdistributionmedia,throughwhichthereareover480channelsforconsumersaswellas5.IntheUnitedKingdomand6,anyhouseholdwatchingorrecordinglivetelevisiontransmissionsastheyarebeingbroadcast(terrestrial,satellite,cable,orInternet)isrequiredtoholda7.SinceApril1,2010the8hasbeen£145.50forcolorand£49.00for9.OnOctober24,2012,alltelevisionbroadcastsintheUnitedKingdomwere10..【句子】Nowthereisacollectionoffreeandsubscriptionservicesoveravarietyofdistributionmedia,throughwhichthereareover480channelsforconsumersaswellason-demandcontent.【译文】现在，各种传播媒体可为消费者提供480多个频道及点播 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 ，其中既有免费服务也有付费服务。【难点】subscription订购，订阅。例如：subscriptionlibrary收费图书馆，subscriptionchannel付费频道。on-demand按需的。例如：Theneedforbusinessintegrationintheondemanderahasneverbeensocompelling.进入随需应变的时代以来，我们对业务整合的需求从未如此强烈。【句子】OnOctober24,2012,alltelevisionbroadcastsintheUnitedKingdomwereinadigitalformat.【译文】2012年10月24日，英国所有的电视广播都采用数码 格式 pdf格式笔记格式下载页码格式下载公文格式下载简报格式下载 。【难点】format格式。例如：Wewilldiscusstheadvantagesofoneformatovertheother.我们将讨论这两种格式各自的优点。.LanguageNotes【句子】In1953theConservativeGovernmentintroducedabilltomakearrangementsforcommercialtelevision.【译文】1953年，保守党政府提出了一项议案，安排设立商业电视。【难点】conservative保守的。例如：Peopletendtobemoreliberalwhenthey’reyoungandmoreconservativeastheygetolder.人们年轻时往往更开放，年纪越大就越保守。bill议案。例如：ThisisthetoughestcrimebillthattheCongresshaspassedinadecade.这是十年来国会通过的最强硬的犯罪议案。makearrangementsfor安排某事。例如：I’mgoingtomakearrangementsforyourbusinesstrip.我去给你安排出差事宜。commercial商业的。例如：Baltimoreinitsheydaywasamajorcenterofindustrialandcommercialactivity.巴尔的摩在其鼎盛时期曾是工商业活动的重要中心。.【句子】Thus,thelicensefeemadeupthebulkoftheBBC’stotalincomeof£5.102billionin2012–2013.【译文】因此，收视许可证费占到了BBC2012~2013年51.02亿英镑总收入的大部分。【难点】makeup组成，构成。例如：TheChinesemakeupthelargestsingleethnicgroupinthecity’spublicclassrooms.华人在该市公立学校中构成最大的一个族群。bulk大部分，大多数。例如：Thebulkofthetextisessentiallyareviewoftheseoriginaldocuments.正文的大部分基本上是对这些原始文献的回顾。.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Graffitipaintingistraditionallyadaredevilpursuit.2.Butoverthepastdecade,graffitihasallbutdisappearedfromBritain’scities.3.Themostobviousreasonforthedeclineintaggingandtrain-paintingisbetterpolicing.4.TheInternetmeansthatpainterscanwinfarmoreattentionbypostingpicturesonlinethantheycanbybreakingintoarailwayyard.5.IthasbecomesomethingtodoonaSundayafternoon—aslightlyhealthieralternativetosittingandwatchingfootball..【句子】Between2007and2012thenumberofincidentsofgraffitirecordedbytheBritishTransportPolicefellby63%.【译文】2007~2012年，英国交通警察局记录的涂鸦事件下降了63%。【难点】incident事件。例如：Theseincidentswerethelatestinaseriesofdisputesbetweenthetwonations.这些事件是两国一系列争端中最近的几起。【句子】Ifyouarehavinganargumentwithyourchild,youneedtomakesureyoubothtakethetimetoreallylisten.【译文】如果你和孩子之间发生争执，你应该确保你们彼此花时间互相倾听对方。【难点】haveanargumentwith…与……发生争吵。例如：Tomhadanargumentwithhisbossduringthemeetingthismorning.汤姆今天上午在开会的时候和他的老板发生了争吵。takethetimetodo…花费时间去做某事。其中take表示“耗费（时间）”，经常用于这个结构中：Ittakessb.(sometime)todosth.某人花时间做某事。例如：Ittakesmealongtimetounderstandthethemeofthenovel.我花了相当长的时间才理解了那部小说的主 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 。.【句子】Graffitiareincreasinglyconfinedtosanctionedwalls.【译文】涂鸦越来越被限制在被批准的墙上。【难点】confine限制。例如：Theydecidednottolettheirnewdogrunloose,confiningittoafencedenclosureduringtheday.他们决定不让他们新买的狗乱跑，白天就把它关在有围栏的围圈里。sanction批准，认可。例如：Thechurchwouldnotsanctionhissecondmarriage.教会不会认可他的第二次婚姻。【句子】Intimethepracticemaydieoutentirely.【译文】最终涂鸦也许会完全消失。【难点】intime最终，迟早。例如：Ifyoukeepon,youwillsucceedintime.如果坚持下去，你总有一天会成功。dieout消失，灭绝。例如：Campuslifewillloseitsvarietyandvigorifmarginalizedclubsdieout.如果一些边缘社团消失了，校园生活也就会失去其多样性和活力。.CorporateCulture（企业文化）Corporatecultureisthegeneralvalues,beliefsandattitudesthatcharacterizeacompanyandguideitspractices.Tosomeextent,acompany’sinternalculturemaybeexpressedinitsmissionstatementorvisionstatement.Elementsofcorporatecultureincludeacompany’sphysicalenvironment,humanresourcespracticesandthestaffitself.Corporatecultureisalsoreflectedinthedegreeofemphasisplacedonvariousdefiningelementssuchashierarchy（层级）,process,innovation,collaboration,competition,communityinvolvementandsocialengagement.Acorporateculturethatreflectsthebroadercultureisusuallymoresuccessfulthanonethatisatoddswithit.Forexample,inthecurrentglobalculture,whichvaluestransparency（透明度）,equalityandcommunication,asecretivecompanywithastrictlyhierarchicalstructuremayhaveapublicrelationsproblem.WorkplaceTip.Askyourclassmates,colleaguesorfriendsthefollowingquestionsandwritedownhis/heranswers.Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?DoyourfamilymembersoftenwatchTV?HowmanyhoursdotheyspendwatchingTVeverydayonaverage?WhatkindofTVprogramsdoyourfamilymembersliketowatch?DoyourfamilymembersoftenwatchTVtogether?.CityandCountryLife.LearningObjectives.Whatarethepeopleinthefollowingpicturesdoing?Whatkindsofsportsdoyoulikebest?Matchthepictureswiththesportsinthebox.Footballtabletennisfishingcyclingboardgameshikingcampingsnookerskatingbowlingcardgames.WheredoesZhangHualivethesedays?WhathasmadeZhangHuamovetothecountry?WhatdoesZhangHuaplantodointhefuture?Listentothedialogandanswerthefollowingquestions..【句子】I’vejustgottenfedupwiththetensionofcitylife.【译文】我已经厌倦了紧张的城市生活。【难点】be/getfedupwithsth.意思是“受够了，厌倦了”。例如：Heisfedupwiththenoiseandclosesthedoor.他受够了那噪声，关上了门【句子】Inolongerhavetobreatheinexhaustfumes.【译文】我再也不用吸入那些废气了。【难点】nolonger/nomore表示“不再”，与not…anylonger/more意思一样。例如：Henolongerliveshere.他不再住在这里了。也可以说：Hedoesn’tlivehereanylonger.LanguageNotes.(not)as…as的用法Therearen’tasmanyjobvacanciesinthecountryasinthecity.乡下的空缺职位不如城里多。•notas/so+adj./adv.+as的意思是“不如，不像”。例如：Thisdictionaryisnotas/sousefulasyouthink.•其肯定式为as…as，意为“和……一样”，表示同级的比较。其基本结构为：as+adj./adv.+as。例如：Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone.•另外还有一些常见的as…as…句型，但是不表示比较。例如：Pleaseanswermyquestionassoonaspossible..ListentothedialoganddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTRUE(T)orFALSE(F).1.Thenewspapersaysweshouldsorttrash.（）2.Manycommunitieshavenotalreadydonethat.（）3.Trashistrashnotonlywheneverythingismixedtogether.（）4.Itishightimeforustosortoutthetrash.（）5.Peopleshouldbeinformedabouthowtodothatinthefirstplace.（）.【句子】Withtrashseparated,pollutioncausedbyincinerationcanbeavoided.【译文】如果垃圾被分类，那么焚烧带来的污染就可以避免。【难点】句中介词with后跟名词短语，表示条件。例如：Withyourpermission,sir,I’dliketospeak.先生，若您允许，我想发言。【句子】Otherwise,fewpeoplewouldbothertodoit.【译文】否则，很少有人会费力这样做。【难点】bothertodosth.意为“费力做某事，不嫌麻烦做某事”，常用于否定句中，表示不理会、嫌麻烦的态度。例如：Hedidn’tevenbothertosaythankyou.他甚至连说一声谢谢都不肯。LanguageNotes.Itis(high)time…的用法Itishightimeforustosortoutthetrash.现在正是该将垃圾分类的时候了。•Itis(high)time…意思是“现在正是该……的时候了”，后面可以跟不定式。例如：Itishightimeforthestudentstodevotemoreenergytolearningtechnology.Itishightimeforustomakechangesinthedigitalage.•当Itis(high)time…后面加that从句的时候，要用虚拟语气，即从句中要用过去时或“should+动词原形”的形式。例如：Itis(high)timethatwewenttobed.Itis(high)timethatweshouldtellhimthetruth..Incineration（垃圾焚烧）Incinerationisawastetreatmentprocessthatinvolvesthecombustion（燃烧）oforganicsubstancescontainedinwastematerials.Incinerationofwastematerialsconverts（转化）thewasteintoash,fluegas,andheat.Incineratorsreducethesolidmass（质量）oftheoriginalwasteby80%–85%andthevolume（体积）(alreadycompressedsomewhatingarbagetrucks)by95%–96%.Incinerationshouldalsoincludeamaterialsseparationtoremovehazardous（危险的）,bulkyorrecyclablematerialsbeforecombustion...PublicLibrary（公共图书馆）Apubliclibraryisalibrarythatisaccessiblebythegeneralpublic.Theyaregenerallysupportedbytaxes(usuallylocal,thoughanylevelofgovernmentcanandmaycontribute).Theyprovidebasicserviceswithoutchargeandareopentoallandeverycommunitymembercanaccessthecollection.Publiclibrariesexistinmanycountriesacrosstheworldandareoftenconsideredasanessentialpartofhavinganeducatedandliterate（有读写能力的）population..Theauthorhaslivedinthecountrysideformorethanadecade,andhe/sheloveslivingthere.Livinginthecountryisnotinterestingatall.Theauthortakesawalkordrivesalongcountryroadsalmosteveryday.PeoplelivinginthecountryusuallygoshoppingeverySaturday.Accordingtotheauthor,nobodydislikescountrysidelife.ReadthepassageanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsareTrue(T)orFalse(F)..LanguageNotes【句子】Itmaybejustaget-togetheronaSaturdayatthelocalfarmersmarket...【译文】它或许仅仅是周六当地农贸市场里的一次小聚……【难点】句中的get-together此处被用作名词，意思是“聚会”。类似的如break-through,动词和名词均为“突破”之意。。【句子】Thisroutinewillestablishasenseofstructureandincreasefeelingsofcontrolandsafety.【译文】这种惯例会形成一种按部就班的感觉，并增加控制感和安全感。【难点】asenseof表示“一种感觉”。例如：asenseoftrust信任感；asenseofhumor幽默感。feelingof表示“……的感觉”。例如：Afeelingofshamecameoverher.她突然感到一阵羞愧。.TranslatetheEnglishsentencesintoChinese.IusuallyhavenoproblemfillingthetwobagsIbringwithme.It’snotartinthestateIfindit.Throughcreativityandtrial-and-error,itbecomesart.TheprocessIgothroughfromtherawmaterialstoafinishedpieceisnotcomplexatall.Itypicallydothisforafewdaysoraweekbeforesomething“clicks”andIhaveanideaaboutwhatIwanttocreate..【句子】Itypicallydothisforafewdaysoraweekbeforesomething“clicks”andIhaveanideaaboutwhatIwanttocreate.【译文】这件事我通常会做上几天或一周的时间，直到突然茅塞顿开，我会弄明白我的创意所在。【难点】click指“使发出咔哒声”，也指“点击（鼠标）”，此处意为“突然明白或理解”。例如：Ipuzzledoveritforhoursbeforeitfinallyclicked.我对这一问题茫然不解，几小时后，终于茅塞顿开。【句子】Overall,Icouldn’tbehappier.【译文】总之，没有比这更令我高兴的了。这里是通过否定比较级来表示最高级的含义。【难点】最常见的例子如：Ican’tagreemore!我太同意了！.【句子】Afterthat,itisonlyamatterofrealizingmyvision.【译文】然后，就只剩下去实现我的想法的事情了。【难点】amatterof后加名词，常表示关乎……，……的问题等。例如：Ofcoursethismusthavepriority.It’samatteroflifeanddeath.当然，这一点必须要优先考虑，这是生死攸关的问题。Successinbusinessissimplyamatterofknowingwhentotakeachance.商业成功的关键在于把握时机。.TheHumanResourceManagerBruceasksyoutoprepareamemoforhimbriefingallstaffaboutthecominginvitedspeechtobedeliveredbyDr.JerryAnderson.Youhavebeengiventhefollowinginformation:Thetimeandthedate:14:00–16:00,April11Thevenue:FunctionRoomonLevel3Theinvitedspeaker:Dr.JerryAndersonThecontent:sortingtrashscientificallyTheparticipants:allstaff.BusinessMemos（商务备忘录）Unlikeletters,theexternalcommunicationsofacompany,businessmemosareaninternalformofcommunicationanditisstandardpracticetosavethem.Theirobjectiveistodeliverinformationorinstructions.Theirscopeshouldbelimitedtoasingletopicsothatthereaderwill“getthemessage”quicklyand,ifnecessary,takeanaction.Confinedto（局限于）asingletopic,eachinteroffice,interdepartmentalandcompanywidememobecomespartoftheinstitutionalmemoryofanorganization.Inshort,theyspeedupthedailybusinessofdoingbusiness;theykeeppeoplewhoneedtobekeptintheknow.Whenabusinessorganizationdesignsanofficialletterheaditoftenalsodesignsanofficialmemosheet,completewithacompanylogofeaturedatthetopofthepage.Besideshavingaprofessionallookandfeel,preprintedmemosheetsoftenprovidespecializedinformationfieldsthataccommodatespecificproceduresforexpediting（加速）in-housecommunications.WorkplaceTip.EducationalFairness.LearningObjectives.Talkaboutthefollowingchartandgiveyourownopinionsontheissueofeducationequality..ThreeoftheKeyUniversitiesintheUnitedStates（美国三所名校）HarvardUniversity（哈佛大学）HarvardUniversity,theoldestinstitutionofhighereducationintheUnitedStates,wasestablishedinl636andnamedafteritsfirstbenefactor,JohnHarvard.HarvardUniversityisknownaroundtheworldforitsoutstandingacademicachievements.Ithasproducedmorethan40Nobellaureates（诺贝尔奖得主）.SevenPresidentsoftheUnitedStatesgraduatedfromHarvard.YaleUniversity（耶鲁大学）YaleUniversitywasfoundedin1701asacollege;itisthethirdoldestinstitutionofhighereducationintheUnitedStates.In1716,itmovedtoitspermanentlocationinNewHaven.ItwasrenamedYaleCollegein1718becauseawealthyBritishmerchantwhosenameisElihuYaledonatedgenerouslytotheschool.In1887,YaleCollegebecameYaleUniversityMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology（麻省理工学院）MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)isaninstitutewellknownforitsscientificandtechnologicaltrainingandresearch.Itwasfoundedin1861inBostonandmovedtoCambridgein1916..LiuHuiinterviewsDr.Smithabouttheissueofeducationalinequality.Listentothedialogandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whydoeseducationalinequalityexistinmodernsociety?Iseducationalinequalityindifferentcountriesinthesameform?Isthereanycountrywithouteducationalinequality?.【句子】Thankyou,Dr.Smith,foragreeingtobeinterviewedbyourCampusNewsWeekly.【译文】感谢史密斯博士接受《校园周报》的采访。【难点】thanksb.forsth.为（某事）感谢（某人）。例如：Thankyouforinvitingmetoyourbirthdayparty.谢谢你邀请我参加你的生日聚会。【句子】Educationalinequalityisthedisparitythatcertainstudentsexperienceintheireducationascomparedtootherstudents.【译文】教育的不平等指某些学生和其他学生相比，在教育方面所经历的不同待遇。【难点】that引导的定语从句修饰先行词disparity。inequality和disparity意思接近，都有“不平等，不同待遇”的含义。LanguageNotes.【句子】…,researcherslinkeducationalinequalitytosocioeconomic,racialandgeographicreasons.【译文】……，研究者们把教育的不平等与社会经济的、种族的和地理的原因联系起来。【难点】link…to…把……与……联系起来。例如：Itlinksthehumanhearttothelifeoftheearth.它把人的心脏和地球生命联系起来。【句子】It’simpossibletoanswersuchabigquestioninafewwords.【译文】用几句话回答如此大的问题是不可能的。【难点】这句中含有一个“Itis+adj.+todosth.”句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是todosth.结构，所以译成汉语时，it通常不译，要把todosth.的内容翻译出来放在句首。例如：Itisdifficulttofinishthetaskwithintwohours.在两个小时内完成这项任务是很难的。LanguageNotes.Listentothedialogagainandcompletethenotes.InterviewNotes1.Educationalinequalityisaconcern.Howcanwesolvetheproblem?2.First,shouldtakeresponsibilityfordealingwiththeinequality.3.Second,allcountriesshouldoneducationtoguaranteeequalaccess.4.Intermsoffunding,thecentralandlocalgovernmentshavesetasidegreateducationalfundsforteachersandschoolfacilities..【句子】First,thegovernmentshouldtakeresponsibilityfordealingwiththeinequality.【译文】首先，政府应该在处理不平等问题上负起责任。【难点】takeresponsibilityfor…对……负有责任。例如：Weneedtotakeresponsibilityforlookingafterourownhealth.我们必须对自己的健康负责。dealwith处理，对付。例如：Ithinkweshouldworkoutastrategytodealwiththissituation.我想我们应该确定策略，来应对这种情况。【句子】Second,allcountriesshouldmakelawsoneducationtoguaranteeequalaccess.【译文】其次，所有国家都应该制定法律确保教育机会公平。【难点】makelaw制定法律。例如：Thecongressisempoweredbytheconstitutiontomakelaws.国会由宪法授予制定法律的权力。LanguageNotes.【句子】Everycountryshouldtrytheirbesttoprovideequalopportunitiesforeverycitizentogoonwiththeireducation.【译文】每个国家应该尽力为每位公民提供继续接受教育的平等机会。【难点】tryone’sbest尽力，努力。例如：Heistryinghisbesttounderstandwhatshemeansbyit.他正在尽力弄明白她这么做的意思。goonwith继续。例如：Ifwedon’tfinishpaintingthekitchentoday,wecangoonwithittomorrow.要是我们今天粉刷不完厨房，明天可以接着干。【句子】Intermsoffunding,thecentralandlocalgovernmentshavesetasidegreateducationalfundsfortrainingteachersandimprovingschoolfacilities.【译文】在资金方面，中央和地方政府已经拨出了大量的教育经费用于培训教师和改进学校设施。【难点】intermsof就……而言，在……方面。例如：Intermsofmoney,he’squiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.就金钱而言他很富有，但就幸福而言就不然了。setaside留出，拨出。例如：Hesetsasidealittlemoneyeachweek.他每周都存起来一些钱。LanguageNotes.现在分词作结果状语Nearly30yearsago,ChinaimplementeditsCompulsoryEducationLaw,ensuringqualityandequalityineducation.近30年来，中国实行的《义务教育法》，确保了教育的质量与公平。•在上句中，现在分词ensuring…结构作结果状语。现在分词表示主句的动作所带来的结果，相当于一个并列谓语。例如：Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.=Hisfatherdied,andlefthimalotofmoney.Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,breakingitintopieces.=Shewassoangrythatshethrewthetoyontheground,andbrokeitintopieces...Matchthewordswiththeirdefinitions.WordsDefinitionspathwayA.thepracticeoftreatingonepersonlessfairlydiscriminationB.thestateofhavinglittleornomoneyparticipationC.awayofach