高考定语从句复习必备

PAGE/NUMPAGES定语从句（形容词性从句）在句中修饰名词或代词的从句，因其修饰作用相当于形容词，故称形容词性从句，即通常所说的定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，区别定语从句和名词性从句的最简易的办法就是看从句前有无被修饰的先行词。引导定语从句的关系词既起着联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。这些关系词包括：1）关系代词：先行词为人：________、_________、_______、________。先行词为物：________、________、________、________。2）关系副词：_________、_______、________。注意：引导定语从句的关系词和引导名词性从句的连接词有许多是共用的，但它们在从句中的作用有所不同，注意区别。尤其要注意的是what只能引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后，但有时也被一个短语隔开。例如：Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.1．关系代词的用法：关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语等成分。Thecomrade______visitedourclassyesterdayisournewheadmaster.（作主语）Heisnolongertheman______heusedtobe.（作表语）Thisisthebook______Ireferredtoinmytalk.(作宾语)WeiFangisthestudent______homecaughtfirelastweek.(作定语)使用关系代词值得注意以下几点：=1\*GB3①that,which在从句中作主语时，不能省略；作宾语时，在口语和非正式语中经常省略。whom也常可省略。例如：Heistheman(whom)youhavebeenlookingfor.（作宾语）=2\*GB3②that,which在从句中作主语时，如果先行词前面有序数词、最高级以及有theonly，thevery等修饰时，只能用that,不能用which。如果先行词是all,everything,anything,nothing,none,few,little,much等不定代词；或是先行词被all,every,some,any,no,few,little等不定代词修饰时,一般要用that，但是something后面既可用that也可用which。例如：Titanicisthebestfilm______hasbeenshownthisyear.Theonlything______mattersistofindourwayhome.Thisistheverymagazine______youareafter.I’lldoall______Icantohelpyou.Isthereanything______Icandoforyouintown?Thereissomething______keepsworryingme.“有一件事一直令我不安。=3\*GB3③如果主句是由who，which，what引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，先行词后的引导词要用that，而不用who或which。例如：Whoistheman______isreadingthenewspaperoverthere?Whichisthedictionary______youboughtyesterday?注意：当先行词是anyone,those,he,she等代词表“人”时，一般用who而不用that。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由who所指代的“人”所决定.Anyonewhowantsaticketpleasesignyournamehere.ThosewhowanttogototheEnglishpartymustbeattheschoolgateby7:30p.m.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.=4\*GB3④whose在定语从句中置于名词之前，充当定语，既可指人，又可指物。whosexx=thexxofwhich（指物）/whom（指人）。例如：Pleasepassmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.（指物）=Pleasepassmethedictionary___________________isblack.Thedoctor,whosenamewasJohnson,livedinasmalltowninthenorthofEngland.（指人）=Thedoctor,_________________wasJohnson,livedinasmalltowninthenorthofEngland.=5\*GB3⑤介词+关系代词的用法关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定；也可结合句意，根据先行词确定。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：Thepalace(which/that)Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentury.=Thepalace_______________Ioftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.Ineedapen________________Icanwritealetter.a.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,______hewentontoBeijingUniversity.[2007江苏卷]A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthatb.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree______theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.[2007重庆卷]A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。如：Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor?(这里介词for一般不提前，因为lookfor是固定词组，意为“寻找”，介词for若被提前，单个的look意为“看”，句意不符。)=6\*GB3⑥先行词既有人又有物时，引导词只用that。例如：Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings(that)theyrememberedintheschool.=7\*GB3⑦先行词是theway时，且在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的定语从句关系词有三种，例如：Iliketheway______________theteachergiveshislessons.Marxtoldustheway__wecouldlearnaforeignlanguagewell.A.whyB.howC.whichD.when2．关系副词的用法关系副词when,where,why,在从句中充当状语，分别可表时间、地点或原因。但要注意与先行词在从句中做主语或宾语的情况相区别。Iwillneverforgettheday________IfirstcametoBeijing.Thisisthehouse________LuXunoncelived.Canyoutellmethereason______yousoldyournewcar?Eg.Iwillrememberthecottage____Ibuiltwithmywifetenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.inthatIwillrememberthecottage____Iwasshutwithmywifetenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.inthatEg.Haveyouaskedherforthelastreason_______mayexplainherabsence?A.whyB.thatC.becausethatD.whichItisforthisreason____theclearskyoverthemountainappearsblue.A.forwhichB.whyC.becauseD.thatc.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcasesbeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.[2007陕西卷]A.whichB.asC.whyD.whered.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity__sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where[2007天津卷]3．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，去掉后主句意义就变得不明确，这种主句和从句的关系十分密切，主句与从句之间没有逗号分隔。例如：Thisisashopthatsellspersonalcomputers.//ThewatchthatIboughtyesterdayworkswell.非限制性定语从句与主句之间的关系相对松散一些，它对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响主句意义。因此，一些具有区别意义的专有名词及一些表示“唯一”概念的人或物后面常用此类从句。这类从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。例如：WeareallproudoftheGreatWall,whichisoneoftheman-madewondersoftheworld.Myfather,whoisadoctor,oftenencouragesmetoworkhard.e.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,___hefoundajobinabigcompany.[2007辽宁卷]A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis一种特殊的非限制性定语从句在非限制性定语从句中，有时根据句子意思，常把some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等词、分数或百分比与ofwhom或ofwhich连用。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由xxofwhom或xxofwhich所指代的“人”或“物”所决定.Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.(比较：Hehasfivechildren,and_______areabroad.)f.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.[2007安徽卷]A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom4．定语从句中as的用法1）as引导的限制性定语从句：当先行词前有as,thesame,such,so修饰时，关系代词常用as。例如：Asmanymembersaswerepresentagreedtotheplan.I’dliketohavethesamebooks___________________与你们学校用的一样.Heisnotsuchaperson____________________.我期待的那个人2）as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的异同which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换：Ourteamlostthegame,as/whichwasreportedinthenewspaper.Shewasterrified,as/whichIcouldseefromhereyes.区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在先行词后面或主句后面。例如：Asanybodycansee,theelephantislikeasnake.=Theelephant,_________________,islikeasnake.=Theelephantislikeasnake,__________________.Marywaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherangry.（此处不能用as,为什么？看课后作业第21题）as引导的从句有“正如”、“正像”之意，而which则无此意。常用句型有：asweallknow,asisknowntoall,aseverybodycansee,asisexpected等。如：Asweallknow,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.as引导的从句在意义上不能与主句相抵触，而which不受此限制。试比较：Hedidtheexperimentsuccessfully,_______hadbeenexpected.Hefailedintheexperiment,________wasunexpected.5.随堂练习：1.Ihavemanyfriends,somearebusinessmen.（2005全国卷一I）A．ofthemB．fromwhichC．whoofD．ofwhom2.—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?—Thereisnooneelse___,isthere?（2005北京）A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturntoD.forhertoturn3.Ifashophaschairs__womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where（2005上海）4.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstuckbyfloods,from__effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what（2005天津）5.Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,______________hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.（2005重庆）A．duringwhichtimeB．forwhichtimeC．duringwhosetimeD．bythattime6.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,___________shewantedtobe.（2005湖北）A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which7.Frank’sdreamwastohavehisownshop_______toproducetheworkingsofhisownhands.A．thatB．inwhichC．bywhichD．how（2005湖南）8.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs___theyarebeingtrained.（2005江西）A．inthatB．forthatC．inwhichD．forwhich9.Thewayhediditwasdifferent__________wewereusedto.（2005江西）A．inwhichB．inwhatC．fromwhatD．fromwhich10.Iwalkedinourgarden,___TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.（2005辽宁）A．whichB．whenC．whereD．that6．课后作业11.—DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?（2005福建）—Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock________hearrivedhome.A．beforeB．whenC．thatD．until12.—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?（2005福建）—Right,justtheone_________youknowIusedtoworkforyears.A．thatB．whichC．whereD．what13.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,__________hewentontoCambridge.（2005山东）A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis14.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,__________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.2005浙江）A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it15.____Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmorning.2005浙江）A.WhenB.afterC.AsD.Since16.Theplace__thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe__thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich（2005江苏）17.Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes________peoplewereeatenbythetiger.（2005广东）A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that18.Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmwevisitedthreemonthsago?(2005北京春)A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what19.—DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?（2005福建）—Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock________hearrivedhome.A．beforeB．whenC．thatD．until20.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but__didn’thelp.（2005全国三）A．itB．sheC．whichD．he21.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,______meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.(2006江苏卷)A.whoB.thatC.asD.which22.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse______roofisunderrepair.（2006福建卷）A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.what23.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,________wegavesomebellsandglasses.（2006湖南）A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich24.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas，shehadrunbackinthedirection________shehadcome.（2006重庆卷）　　A.ofwhichB.bywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich.25.—Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?（2006江西卷）—Yes，there’sonepoint__wemustinsistonA．whyB．whereC．howD．/26.Women_______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose________don’t.（2006北京卷）A.who;不填B.不填;whoC.who;whoD.不填表;不填27.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（2006山东卷）A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which28.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,________shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.A.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.afterthat（2006陕西卷）29.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_______Ireallyenjoyed.(2006浙江卷)A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which30.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,mostwerefromGermany.(2006辽宁卷)A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom31.TheBeatles,manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.(2006天津卷)A.whatB.thatC.howD.as32.Youcanfindwhateveryouneedattheshoppingcentre,___isalwaysbusyattheweekend.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.which(2006上海春招)2007高考题中出现的定语从句1.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,___wasbeyondhiswildestdream.[2007上海卷]A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it2.—Wheredidyougettoknowher?—Itwasonthefarm_________weworked.[2007山东卷]A．thatB．thereC．whichD．where3.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.[2007安徽卷]A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom4.Weshouldn’tspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_____arehealthy[2007北京卷]A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom5.Byservingothers,apersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself,___________canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.[2007湖南卷]A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that6.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,______hewentontoBeijingUniversity.[2007江苏卷]A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat7.Aftergradutationshereachedapointinhercareetsheheededtodecionwhattodo.[2007江西卷]A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where8.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,_______theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where[2007全国卷I]9.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcasesbeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.A.whichB.asC.whyD.where[2007陕西卷]10.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewaskepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad．A．thatB．allthatC．allwhatD．which[2007上海春]11.Itisreportedthattwoschools，_______arebeingbuiltinmyhometown，willopennextyear.A．theybothB．whichbothC．bothofthemD．bothofwhich[2007四川卷]12.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity___sightmattersmorethanhearing.A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where[2007天津卷]13.Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,______usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where[2007浙江卷]14.Humanfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofanimalsinthedegree______theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.[2007重庆卷]A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich15.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,__hefoundajobinabigcompany.[2007辽宁卷]A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis语法总复习之------定语从句（形容词性从句）在句中修饰名词或代词的从句，因其修饰作用相当于形容词，故称形容词性从句，即通常所说的定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，区别定语从句和名词性从句的最简易的办法就是看从句前有无被修饰的先行词。引导定语从句的关系词既起着联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。这些关系词包括：1）关系代词：先行词为人：who,whom,that,whose先行词为物：which,that,whose2）关系副词：when,where,why（how）注意：引导定语从句的关系词和引导名词性从句的连接词有许多是共用的，但它们在从句中的作用有所不同，注意区别。尤其要注意的是what只能引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后，但有时也被一个短语隔开。例如：Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.1．关系代词的用法：关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分。Thecomradewhovisitedourclassyesterdayisournewheadmaster.（作主语）Heisnolongertheman(that)heusedtobe.（作表语）Thisisthebook（that/which）Ireferredtoinmytalk.(作宾语)WeiFangisthestudentwhosehomecaughtfirelastweek.(作定语)使用关系代词值得注意以下几点：=1\*GB3①that,which在从句中作主语时，不能省略；作宾语时，在口语和非正式语中经常省略。whom也常可省略。例如：Heistheman(whom)youhavebeenlookingfor.（作宾语）=2\*GB3②that,which在从句中作主语时，如果先行词前面有序数词、最高级以及有theonly，thevery等修饰时，只能用that,不能用which。如果先行词是all,everything,anything,nothing,none,few,little,much等不定代词；或是先行词被all,every,some,any,no,few,little等不定代词修饰时,一般要用that，但是something后面既可用that也可用which。例如：Titanicisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownthisyear.ThesecondtimethatIvisitedTheSummerPalacewasinthefallof1998.Theonlythingthatmattersistofindourwayhome.Thisistheverymagazinethatyouareafter.I‘lldoallthatIcantohelpyou.Isthereanything(that)Icandoforyouintown?Thereissomethingthat/whichkeepsworryingme.“有一件事一直令我不安。=3\*GB3③如果主句是由who，which，what引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，先行词后的引导词要用that，而不用who或which。例如：Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?Whichisthedictionary(that)youboughtyesterday?注意：当先行词是anyone,those,he,she等代词表“人”时，一般用who而不用that。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由who所指代的“人”所决定.Anyonewhowantsaticketpleasesignyournamehere.ThosewhowanttogototheEnglishpartymustbeattheschoolgateby7:30p.m.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.=4\*GB3④whose在定语从句中置于名词之前，充当定语，既可指人，又可指物。whosexx=thexxofwhich（指物）/whom（指人）。例如：Pleasepassmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.（指物）=Pleasepassmethedictionarythecoverofwhichisblack.Thedoctor,whosenamewasJohnson,livedinasmalltowninthenorthofEngland.（指人）=Thedoctor,thenameofwhomwasJohnson,livedinasmalltowninthenorthofEngland.=5\*GB3⑤介词+关系代词的用法关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定；也可结合句意，根据先行词确定。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如：Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.Thepalace(which/that)Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentury.=ThepalacetowhichIoftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.Theauthorwithwhomallofusarefamiliarwillvisitourcompany.LastnightIhadadreaminwhichIbecameaNobelPrizewinner.IneedapenwithwhichIcanwritealetter.但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。如：Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor?(这里介词for一般不提前，因为lookfor是固定词组，意为“寻找”，介词for若被提前，单个的look意为“看”，句意不符。)=6\*GB3⑥先行词既有人又有物时，引导词只用that。例如：Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings(that)theyrememberedintheschool.=7\*GB3⑦先行词是theway时，其后的定语从句关系词有三种，例如：Iliketheway（inwhich/that）theteachergiveshislessons.Marxtoldustheway____wecouldlearnaforeignlanguagewell.A.whyB.how*C.whichD.when2．关系副词的用法关系副词when,where,why,在从句中充当状语，分别可表时间、地点或原因。但要注意与先行词在从句中做主语或宾语的情况相区别。IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.ThisisthehousewhereLuXunoncelived.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyousoldyournewcar?Eg.Iwillrememberthecottage____Ibuiltwithmywifetenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.inthatIwillrememberthecottage____Iwasshutwithmywifetenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.inthatEg.Haveyouaskedherforthelastreason_______mayexplainherabsence?A.whyB.thatC.becausethatD.whichItisforthisreason____theclearskyoverthemountainappearsblue.A.forwhichB.whyC.becauseD.that3．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，去掉后主句意义就变得不明确，这种主句和从句的关系十分密切，主句与从句之间没有逗号分隔。例如：Thisisashopthatsellspersonalcomputers.//ThewatchthatIboughtyesterdayworkswell.非限制性定语从句与主句之间的关系相对松散一些，它对先行词起补充说明作用，去掉后不影响主句意义。因此，一些具有区别意义的专有名词及一些表示“唯一”概念的人或物后面常用此类从句。这类从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。例如：WeareallproudoftheGreatWall,whichisoneoftheman-madewondersoftheworld.Myfather,whoisadoctor,oftenencouragesmetoworkhard.一种特殊的非限制性定语从句在非限制性定语从句中，有时根据句子意思，常把some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等词、分数或百分比与ofwhom或ofwhich连用。同时要注意主谓一致的问题，即从句中谓语动词的数要由xxofwhom或xxofwhich所指代的“人”或“物”所决定.Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.(比较：Hehasfivechildren,andtwoofthemareabroad.)Wehavetestedthreehundredtypesofboots,noneofwhichis/arecompletelywaterproof.(比较：Wehavetestedthreehundredtypesofboots,butnoneofthemis/arecompletelywaterproof.)4．定语从句中as的用法1）as引导的限制性定语从句：当先行词前有as,thesame,such,so修饰时，关系代词常用as。例如：Asmanymembersaswerepresentagreedtotheplan.I’dliketohavethesamebooksasareusedinyourschool.HeisnotsuchapersonasIexpected.2）as引导的非限制性定语从句与which引导的非限制性定语从句的异同which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，有时可以互换：Ourteamlostthegame,as/whichwasreportedinthenewspaper.Shewasterrified,as/whichIcouldseefromhereyes.区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中间或放在主句末尾；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在先行词后面或主句后面。例如：Asanybodycansee,theelephantislikeasnake.=Theelephant,asanybodycansee,islikeasnake.=Theelephantislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.Marywaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherangry.as引导的从句有“正如”、“正像”之意，而which则无此意。常用句型有：asweallknow,asisknowntoall,aseverybodycansee,asisexpected等。如：Asweallknow,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.as引导的从句在意义上不能与主句相抵触，而which不受此限制。试比较：Hedidtheexperimentsuccessfully,ashadbeenexpected.Hefailedintheexperiment,whichwasunexpected.5．巩固练习：1.Ihavemanyfriends,somearebusinessmen.（2005全国卷一二）A．ofthemB．fromwhichC．whoofD．ofwhom2.—Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?（2005北京）—Thereisnooneelse_______,isthere?A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturntoD.forhertoturn3.Ifashophaschairs_________womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where（2005上海）4.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstuckbyfloods,from__effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what（2005天津）5.Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,______________hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.（2005重庆）A．duringwhichtimeB．forwhichtimeC．duringwhosetimeD．bythattime6.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,___________shewantedtobe.（2005湖北）A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which7.Frank’sdreamwastohavehisownshop___toproducetheworkingsofhisownhands.A．thatB．inwhichC．bywhichD．how（2005湖南）8.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs______theyarebeingtrained.（2005江西）A．inthatB．forthatC．inwhichD．forwhich9.Thewayhediditwasdifferent__________wewereusedto.（2005江西）A．inwhichB．inwhatC．fromwhatD．fromwhich10.Iwalkedinourgarden,___TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.（2005辽宁）A．whichB．whenC．whereD．that11.—DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?（2005福建）—Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock________hearrivedhome.A．beforeB．whenC．thatD．until12.—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?（2005福建）—Right,justtheone_________youknowIusedtoworkforyears.A．thatB．whichC．whereD．what13.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,__________hewentontoCambridge.（2005山东）A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis14.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,__________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.2005浙江）A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it15._____Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmorning.2005浙江）A.WhenB.afterC.AsD.Since16.Theplace___thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe___thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich（2005江苏）17.Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes________peoplewereeatenbythetiger.（2005广东）A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.that18.Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmwevisitedthreemonthsago?(2005北京春)A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what19.—DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?（2005福建）—Yes.Itwasnotyeteighto’clock________hearrivedhome.A．beforeB．whenC．thatD．until20.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but___didn’thelp.（2005全国三）A．itB．sheC．whichD．he21.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,______meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.(2006江苏卷)A.whoB.thatC.asD.which22.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse______roofisunderrepair.（2006福建卷）A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.what23.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,________wegavesomebellsandglasses.（2006湖南）A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich24.Isawawomanrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas，shehadrunbackinthedirection ________  shehadcome.（2006重庆卷）　　A.ofwhich B.bywhichC.inwhich D.fromwhich.25.——Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?（2006江西卷）——Yes，there’sonepoint________wemustinsistonA．whyB．whereC．howD．/26.Women_______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose________don’t.（2006北京卷）A.who;不填B.不填;whoC.who;whoD.不填表;不填27.We’rejusttryingtoteachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（2006山东卷）A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which28.SheaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,________Shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.A.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.afterthat（2006陕西卷）29.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_______Ireallyenjoyed.(2006浙江卷)A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which