现代大学英语听力2Unit-7PPT课件

Unit7PeopleUnit7PeopleObjectives:1Understanddescriptionsoffamouspersonalitiesandtheirachievements2Followdiscussionsofcauseandeffect,advantagesanddisadvantages3Makeinferences4SummarizemainideasandsupportingdetailsTask1DidyouwatchTheWaroftheWorldsandTheTimeMachine?Doyouknowwhoistheauthor?Task1H.G.Wells:(1866-1946)HerbertGeorgeWells,Britishwriter.Heisthesonofanunsuccessfultradesman.Afterabasiceducationatalocalschool,Wellswasapprenticedasadrape布料商.Wellsdislikedtheworkandin1883becameapupil-teacheratMidhurstGrammarSchool.WhileatMidhurst,WellswonascholarshiptotheSchoolofScience.Wellswasdisappointingwiththeteachinghereceivedinthesecondyearandsoin1887heleftwithoutobtainingadegree.WellsspentthenextfewyearsteachingandwritingandIn1895Wellsestablishedhimselfasanovelistwithhissciencefictionstory,TheTimeMachine.Thiswasfollowedbytwomoresuccessfulnovels,TheIslandofDr.Moreau(1896)andTheWaroftheWorlds(1898).赫伯特·乔治·威尔斯(HerbertGeorgeWells1866-1946)，英国著名小说家，尤以科幻小说创作闻名于世。毕业于英国皇家理学院，任教于伦敦大学，曾在赫胥黎的实验室工作，后转入新闻工作，从事科学和文学的研究，是英国费边社的成员和代表人物。1895年出版《时间机器》一举成名，随后又发表了《莫洛博士岛》、《隐身人》、《星际战争》、《当睡着的人醒来时》、《不灭的火焰》等多部科幻小说。他曾于1920年、1930年两次访问苏联，先后会晤过列宁和斯大林，撰写了《基普斯》、《托诺-邦盖》、《波里先生和他的历史》、《勃列林先生看穿了他》、《恩惠》、《预测》、《世界史纲》等大量关注现实，思考未来的作品。​《世界史纲》是作者于1918年开始撰写的一部人类历史的百科全书，曾在世界范围内产生广泛影响。此书于1920年出版，后于1923~1930年间几次修订再版，内容写到第一次世界大战。此书最初由谢冰心等人翻译并介绍到我国。Keys1)Becausehewroteanastonishingnumberofbooks.2)Mankindwouldhavetocreateaworldstate.3)No.4)Citiesweredestroyedbybombsdroppedfromaeroplanes.5)Anytwoofthefollowing:TheWarintheAir,TheFirstMenintheMoon,TheTimeMachine,andTheInvisibleMan.6)EventsforecastinWell’sbooksmightcometrue.Task1【原文】H.G.Wellswasbornin1866.Hisenergymusthavebeenenormous,forhewroteanastonishingnumberofbooks.Manyofthelateroneswereconcernedwithhisideathatmankindwouldhavetocreateaworldstate,ifitwasnottoendupbydestroyingitself.Therewe'renovelslikeKipps,LoveandMr.LewishamandTheHistoryofMr.Polly.Thebestofthesearenowrecognizedasclassics.Butinaddition,thisincrediblemansomehowfoundthetimeandinspirationtowritethestoriesforecastingfutureeventsthatentitlehimtobeknownasthefatherofsciencefiction.WhenTheWarintheAirappearedin1908,howmanypeoplecouldhaveforeseenthatwithinthirtyyearsgreatcitiesweregoingtobedestroyedbybombsdroppedfromaeroplanes?TheFirstMenintheMoonwaspublishedin1901.Howmanyofthosewhoreaditrealizedthatmenreallyweregoingtowalkonthemoonwithintheirlifetime?AndwhataboutTheTimeMachineandTheInvisibleMan?ArewegoingtowakeuponemorningandfindthatheretooWellswasforecastingeventswhichweregoingtocometrue?Canyoudescribethisartistwhoisatwork?Youcanchoosesomeactionverbsandadjectives.Task2Words:blister:Alocalswellingoftheskinthatcontainswateryfluidandiscausedbyburningorirritation水泡easel:Anuprightframefordisplayingorsupportingsomething,suchasanartist‘scanvas.画架flourish:Tobeinaperiodofhighestproductivity,excellence,orinfluence;Tomakebold,sweepingmovementsfray:quarrel;Towearaway(theedgesoffabric,forexample)byrubbingprominent:Projectingoutwardorupwardfromalineorsurface;突出的Widelyknowntousle:Todisarrangeorrumple,asofhair糟乱stride:Towalkwithlongstep.tilt::Tocausetoslope.checked:格子花纹的profile:Asideviewofanobject.Task2【原文】Ifyoucameintohisstudiointheeveningasthesunwassettingyoucouldseehim.Youwouldnoticehowthesoftlightcomingthroughthelongwindowsfellonhisleftprofileashestoodinfrontofhiseasel.Hewastall;hisshoulderswerenarrow;hisheadwaslargewithanabundanceofdark,tousledhair.Hesurveyedthecanvasinfrontofhimandhalf-closedhiseyes.Hischeekboneswerehighandprominent,andaccentuatedthelineofthejaw.Thisinturnsetoffhislongneck.Hesteppedback,takingalongstride,andremainedwithonefootinfrontoftheother.Heworesandalswithoutsocksandyoucouldseethatabigtoehaddevelopedablisterwherealeatherstrapcutacrossit.Hehadshort,strong,capablefingersandheusedhisbroad,flexiblethumbtosmoothsomeofthepaintonthestilllifehewasbusyfinishing.Thejeansheworewerefadedandfrayed;paintragshungfromeachpocket.Hisshirtwasacheckedoneofmanycolors,mainlypurple,blueandyellow.Itcontrastedpeculiarlywiththeephemeralcolorsonthecanvas.Hetiltedhisheadtooneside,smiled,walkedforwardandbroughthisbrushslowlytowardsthebottomofthecanvas,andwithaflourishsignedhisname.ephemeral短暂的，极短的，瞬息的；昙花一现的checked格子花纹的KeysA.1)b2)c3)c4)aB.1)tall;narrow;large;tousled2)surveyed;half-closed3)takingalongstride4)capable;flexible;stilllife5)faded;frayed6)tiltedhishead;smiled;walkedforward;withaflourish约瑟夫·特纳（JosephTurner）（1775－1851）是英国浪漫主义风景画家，著名的水彩画家和版画家，他的作品对后期的印象派绘画发展有相当大的影响。在18世纪历史画为主流的画坛上，他的作品并不受重视，但现代公认他是非常伟大的风景画家。Task3Self-portrait约瑟夫·玛罗德·威廉·透纳(JosephMallordWilliamTurner 1775年4月23日-1851年12月19日)是英国最为著名，技艺最为精湛的艺术家之一，19世纪上半叶英国学院派画家的代表，在西方艺术史上无可置疑地位于最杰出的风景画家之列。1789年，他14岁时进入皇家艺术学院附中学习，第二年就被学院接受，开始他想学习建筑学，但被劝告继续学习绘画。1790年，他的水彩画作品被学院的夏季画展展出，1796年，他的油画作品《海上渔夫》被展出，以后他一生中几乎每年都有作品被学院展出。虽然他以油画出名，但他是英国最著名的水彩画家，被称为"画光线的画家"他最著名的油画《被拖去解体的战舰无畏号》一直在伦敦的英国国家美术馆展出。透纳喜欢描绘自然现象和自然灾害:火灾、沉船、阳光、风暴、大雨和雾霾，他为大海的能力所倾倒，他虽然也描绘人物，但也只是为了衬托不能为人们征服的大自然的崇高和狂野，是上帝能力的证明，所以在他的后期注重描画在水面的光线、天空和火焰，而逐渐放弃描画实物和细部，为印象派的理论开辟了道路。Words:champion:Onethatwinsfirstplaceorfirstprizeinacompetition;supportincessant:ContinuingwithoutinterruptionKaleidoscope:万花筒secretive:Havingormarkedbyaninclinationtosecrecy;notopen,forthright,orfrankslovenly:Untidy,asindressorappearancesolitary:alone;Apersonwholivesalonebarber:理发师Task3【原文】JosephTurner(1775—1851)isoneofthetwogreatestEnglishlandscapepaintersofhisage.Heisespeciallynotedforhisimaginativewatercoloursandoilpaintings,whichoftenshowdramaticsunsetsandsunrises,doneinabrilliantkaleidoscopeofcolours.HispaintingBurningoftheHousesofParliamentappearsincolourinthePaintingarticle.Duringthe1830sand1840s,themethodheusedbecamemoreandmoreimpressionistic.HisworkinfluencedtheimpressionistmovementinFranceledbyClaudeMonetinthe1870s.Turnerisalsoknownforhislandscapedrawings,especiallythebookofdrawingscalledLiberStudiorum,whichheproducedbetween1807and1819.TurnerwasinfluencedatfirstbyRembrandtandlaterbyClaude.Hebegantousebrightcoloursinhispaintings,especiallytheredsandorangesforwhichheisknown,afterabout1820.SomeofhismostfamouspaintingsareChildeHarold‘sPilgrimage,公子哈罗德的朝圣之旅UlyssesDeridingPolyphemus,《尤利西斯嘲弄波吕斐摩斯》BayofBaiae,andViewofOrvieto.奥尔维耶托《贝亚湾，阿波罗与女先知》（TheBayofBaiae,withApolloandtheSibyl）TurnerwasborninLondon,thesonofabarber.Hewas'somethingofaboygenius,andexhibitedattheRoyalAcademyattheageof15.Hetraveledwidely,firstinEnglandandScotland,andafter1800inFrance,Italy,andGermany.Turnerdrewandpaintedwhereverhewent,workingincessantlyandproducinghundredsofpaintingsandthousandsofdrawings,manyofwhichhelefttothenation.DuringhislifetimeTurnerwassaidtobeamiser,andtowardstheendofhislife,hebecameslovenly,solitary,andsecretive.ManypeopledidnotlikehisworkuntilJohnRuskinchampionedhimin1843,butTurnerdiedwealthyandwasburiedinSt.Paul'sCathedral,London.HelefthismoneytoacharityforpoorEnglishartists.威廉·透纳（william Turner,1775-1851）被誉为英国绘画史上的天才人物。威廉·透纳24岁被选为皇家美术协会候补院士，28岁成为正式院士，也是有史以来最年轻的院士。威廉·透纳感觉敏锐，富于幻想，充满浪漫主义气质。威廉·透纳平生的抱负就是画出足以同17世纪法国大师克劳德·洛兰媲美的画。为了让自己的作品惊世骇俗、不同凡响，透纳在创作时，几乎把一切富于戏剧性和震撼人心的效果都融进画里，常常使人们为他敏妙的才华和不同凡响的笔意赞叹不已。从威廉·透纳的作品中我们总是感受到大自然的崇高、壮丽和无比的威力，感受到创作满腔激情。透纳常常表现的是天光水色浑然一体，云、雾、水融会其中的景象。透纳用耀眼光线、灿烂的色彩、大胆奔放的用笔描绘出充满力量、速度和运动氛围感的绘画作品，在我们眼前展现了一个动荡不安、炫人眼目的世界。透纳的风景画绝不是忠实于对象的写生之作，而是带有强烈主观愿望、想象和戏剧性的夸张作品。透纳不是为画风景而创作，是为表达感情而创作。透纳的风景画简直就像中国的大写意作品。威廉·透纳的油画、水彩画技巧纯熟精湛，他用笔挥洒，有流动感，善于用光，他笔下的景色常常沐浴在明亮的光线之中。透纳用光并不像伦勃朗，伦勃朗的光线是逐渐减弱最后融在阴影之中，而透纳的光却是逐步纯化，最后变为一片明亮的光辉。透纳对画面虚实的处理也别具一格，产生出动人的画面效果。威廉·透纳去世前将三百幅油画、近二万幅水彩和素描赠送给了国家。透纳的主要作品有《蒸汽和速度》、《议会大厦的火灾》（1835年）、《战舰归航》（1819年）、《威尼斯风景》(1843年)、《暴风雪》（1842年）等。KeysA.1)F2)T3)F4)F5)F6)T7)F8)TB.1)dramaticsunsetsandsunrises2)1830s,1840s,impressionistic3)reds,oranges,1820Task5NobelPeacePrize:1964MartinLutherKingJr.1991AungSanSunKyi(缅甸女政治家)争取民主和人权的非暴力斗争1993NelsonMandela(南非黑人领袖)2000KimDae-Jung(韩国前总统)促成朝鲜与韩国两方领导人会面，增进朝鲜半岛与东亚和平2001KofiA.Annan(前联合国秘书长,加纳)为更有组织与和平的世界做出的努力2004WangariMaathai(肯尼亚)为可持续发展、民主与和平作出的贡献2009BarackObama其致力于加强国际世界外交和世界人民之间的合作所做的非凡努力WangariMaathai---TreeWomanofKenyaFirstwomandoctorineasternandcentralAfricaShehasbeentheDeputyMinisteroftheMinistryofEnvironment,NaturalResourcesandWildlifeinKenyasince2003.GreenBeltMovementThegoaloftheGreenBeltMovementwastoreplacethetreesthathadbeencutdown.Task5KeysANobelPeacePrize;twelfth;firstPeaceonearthdependsonourabilitytosecureourlivingenvironment.GreenBeltMovementKenyan64TheUnitedStates;Kenya;earnadoctoratedegreeAnimalscienceEnvironment,naturalresourcesandwildlifeTask5KeysB1977;planttrees;alloverAfrica;thirtymillion;seeds;nurseries;communities;planting;takingcareofthetrees;survives;fuel.Task5Stagflation:Sluggisheconomicgrowthcoupledwithahighrateofinflationandunemployment经济停滞与通货膨胀Task6KeysI.A.NorwayB.theUnitedStatesII.A.alackofbalance,inflation,recessionB.lowinterestrates&increasedgovernmentspending,higherinterestratesC.lowemployment,highinflationD.highemployment,lowinflation(thetimeconsistencyproblem)III.A.businesscyclesB.new-technologyC.marketcorrectionsD.anincreaseinoilpricesTask6Explicit:Fullyandclearlydefinedorformulate;ReadilyobservableSerialize:(serialise)TowriteorpublishinserialformTask7Task7CharlesDickens(1812–1870)wasanEnglishnovelist,generallyconsideredthegreatestoftheVictorianperiod.Hisworks:TheAdventuresofOliverTwistDavidCopperfieldLittleDorritATaleofTwoCitiesGreatExpectationsDombeyandSonKeys:A.1)Itwasoriginallyreleasedinlocalnewspaperinserialform.2)Thetwoshort,littlesectionsareeasilydoable,andthenyougethookedonthestoryandwonderwhat’shappeningnext.3)Throughmailandtwiceamonth.4)BecausethebookopensonChristmasEveandithasastrongmessageaboutfamily.5)5,600B.1)1860,London,insuspense2)adventures,loveandbetrayal,apoororphan3)anylikenessofeitherofthem,photographs,theirtombstones4)IndustrialRevolution,alteringdailylife5)profoundchange,fundamentalvaluesTask7Task9apprenticeshipn.学徒的身份cajolev.诱劝，哄骗copiousadj.丰富的curatorn.博物馆管理者Louvre卢浮宫（法国巴黎）MetropolitanMuseumofArt（纽约）大都会博物馆Renaissance文艺复兴TheLouvreMuseumLeMuséeduLouvreTheBritishMuseumTheMetropolitanMuseumofArt,NewYorkTheStateHermitageMuseumofRussiaThePalaceMuseumTask9A.Answerthefollowingquestions.1)AttheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYork.2)TheMonaLisaandTheLastSupper.3)StudiesforLeonardo’smostfamouspaintings,andtheresultsofnewresearchintosuchsubjectsasLeonardo’spatrons,histeachers,andtheworkofhispupils.4)Becausetheyareparticularlysensitivetolightandtemperature.5)Becausedrawingsaredifficulttoseeinamuseum.Task9B.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtothetape.1)T2)F3)T4)F5)TC.Fillintheblankswithwhatyouhearonthetape.1)MasterDraftsman,artisticapprenticeship,1470s,scientist,inventor,France,15192)artist,scientist,theorist,teacher,RenaissanceMan3)revealing,rationalizing,themysteriesofotheworld,thegreatdepthsofhumanemotion,convincing4)magicalsense,draws,creates,greatestpersonalities5)reassuring,cajoling,security,insurance,thegeneralpublic,knowledge