2016版_理工A押题卷

2016版_理工A押题卷 全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A 级)全真模拟试卷一 第1 部分:词汇选项 (第1 ~15 题，每题1 分，共15 分) 下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1 个意义最为 接 近的选项。 1 I enjoyed the play—it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues. A boring B long C humorous D original 2 1want to provide my boys with a decent education. A special B good C private D general 3 Patricia stared at the other g.rls with resentment. A doubt B love C surprise D anger 4 The two banks have announced plans to merge next year. A combine B close C break D sell 5 Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners. A similar B usual C bad D polite 6 I can't put up with my neighbor's noise any longer; it's driving me mad. A measure B generate C tolerate D reduce 7 Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. A great B equal C moderate D immediate 8 He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school. A bad B unclear C bright D general 9 Steep stairs can present a particular hazard to older people. A case B picture C danger D evidence 1 0 He demolished my argument in minutes. A accepted B disproved C supported D disputed 1 1 Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day. A energetic B regular C free D physical 1 2 Lower taxes would spur investment and help economic growth. A require B attract C encourage D spend 1 3 He was kept in appalling conditions in prison. A necessary B critical C normal D terrible 14 The project required ten years of diligent research. A basic B scientific C hardworking D social 15 0ur arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil. A doubt B confusion C relief D failure 第2 部分:阅读判断(第16 ~22 题，每题1 分，共7 分) 下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 对每个句子做出判断:如果该句 提供 的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息 文章中 没有提及，请选择C。 The Writing’s on the Wall? Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)?Well, it's still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated sincea17-year-old called Demetrius started sprayinghis"tag",TAKI 183,alloverthe New York underground in 1971,and hip-hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion. It came from young Inner-city people, who felt left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could. An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, Greater Manchester, has been so successful that plans have been made by local street artists for an International convention in June. “We?re planning to get people together from different countries like France and Germany for a week,”says Liam, One Of the organizers. The scheme started in 2000 and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. “we all share a common interest and get on really well with each other.” The first site to be chosen was a subway.“Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now.”By providing places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of “tagging” on people's private property. Street artist Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the Art teacher didn't spend time with him. They thought he was already very good at art and so spent more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys he'd hooked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked up to them and loved what they were doing on the streets of Wolvehampton, England. “The whole hip-hop scene was built up of different things and I did a bit of everything: beat-boxing, body popping and DJ-ing. But it was always the graffiti I was best at，” he says. 1 6 Demetrius was a teenager from New York. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 1 7 The graffiti scheme in Rochdale is for teenagers Only. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 1 8 People did not like using the subway before an organized group Of graffiti artists came. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 1 9 Since the scheme started, no walls in the town were sprayed with graffiti. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Most of the other graffiti artists in England were about ten years older than Temper. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 Temper, a street artist. is now head of a graffiti club in England. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 Temper is Involved in many different aspects of hip-hop culture. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3 部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23~30 题，每题1 分，共8 分) 下面的短文后有2 项测试任务:(1)第23~26 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为第2~5 段 每 段选择1 个最佳标题;(2)第27~30 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为每个句子确定1 个最 佳选项。 Waste Not, Want Not 1 Bob and Clara Darlington, who own and run a farm in the North of England, have always looked for new ways of making money out of the produce they grow. Their success began when they established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them. 2 The business was an immediate success, and soon scored top marks in a competition set up by the Farm Retail Association to find the best farm shop in the country. The Association's inspectors found the Darlingtons' shop offered excellent service and value for money as well as quality fruit and vegetables. 3 Clara Darlington is a trained chef and, in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals which she had made herself in the farmhouse kitchen. A small cafe alongside the farm shop was soon added, with everything that visitors could taste on the menu also being for sale in the shop. 4 Clara admits that starting the business was expensive, and she has worked very hard, but maintains that if the product is good, the public recognize this and buy it. "I aim to offer the highest quality to our customers, whether they come in for a loaf of bread, or take a whole dinner-party menu. I take it as a compliment (恭维) if people take home one of my dishes to serve to their family and friends and get away with pretending they made it themselves. " 5 So it was that the couple realized that they had a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables grown on the farm which were unsuitable for selling in the shop. Clara, not wishing to see them get thrown away, decided to turn them into soup. 6 The soup met with the immediate approval of customers to the shop and Clara now produces ten different varieties. She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing presentations of the soups. As a result, they are now served in first-class railway restaurant cars belonging to three companies as well as being stocked by a number of high-class London stores. A Professional recognition is obtained 23 Paragraph 2 _____________ B Ensuring that nothing gets washed 24 Paragraph 3 _____________ C Time well spent is rewarded 25 Paragraph 4 _____________ D A necessary alternative to farming 26 Paragraph 5 _____________ E Continuing investment in high standards F Professional skills are exploited 27 Bob and Clara Darlington established a shop to _____________ 28 Apart from quality fruit and vegetables, the couple _____________ 29 Instead of throwing the damaged vegetables away, the couple _____________ 30 Clara spent much of the summer going to London to _____________ A promote her soups B sell as much as possible C sell fresh vegetables D offer a variety of prepared meals E fill a gap in the market F turn them into soup 第4 部分:阅读理解(第31~ 45 题，每题3 分，共45 分) 下面有3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1 个最佳选项。 第一篇 The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. " You feel sad: "I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. . Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. " How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45 kg on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving .They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people. Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 t0 25 percent. But months after the study ended, they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true-each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69 without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult, kg The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks. 31 The first paragraph tells us that our weight is determined by A our work habits. B our eating habits. C our life style. D our genes. 32 In Jules Hirsch's study, the subjects A reduced daily food. B lived only on liquid food. C gained weight rapidly. D showed no health problem. 33 After leaving the hospital, the eight fat people A went mad. B followed the advice of Hirsch's. C attempted suicide. D were back to their original weight. 34 In Ethan Sims' study, the subjects were asked to A eat as much as they could. B battle their genetic inheritance. C lower their weight. D stay in prison. 35 Which of the following statements is true? A Each person has a weight range of 9 kg. B Each person wants to control his weight. . C Each person has a natural weight range. D Each person wants to eat to his heart's content. 第二篇 Food for Learning In Eritreta, a small country in northeast Africa, approximately 80 percent of the population is illiterate. That percentage is even higher for women. As in many developing countries, most Eritretans have traditional ideas about the role of women. They believe that women should stay home and take care of the family and should not get an education or look for a job. These Beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritrea and other developing countries from improving their economic situation. Experience in many countries has shown that educated women have fewer children and have more opportunities for improving their lives and the lives of their families. In Eritreta, in fact, there is great need for improvement. It is one of the poorest countries in the world. For many Eritrean families, getting enough food is a daily problem. To deal with these problems, the Eritrean government, together with the World Food Program, has a new program that others food as a reward for learning. In primary schools all the children receive food packages to take home to their families. However, with the new program, the girls receive 50 percent more food than the boys. This way, Parents are encouraged to send their daughters to school rather than keeping them at home. Another government program that aims to educate women is Food for Training. Managed by the National Union of Eritrean Women, this program offers food rewards (also from the World Food Organization) to women and older girls who are willing to join the program. Because of the war with Ethiopia, many women are bringing up their families on their own. They often live in refuge camps, with no land of their own and no way to earn money. Most of these women are illiterate and have no skills to find a job. They spend most of their day looking for food and preparing it for their families. The food for Training program helps the teenagers and women change their lives. If they agree to join the program, they receive a large package of food each month. In return, the women are required to attend free literacy classes for two hours every day. When Food for Training started with classes in two regions of Eritrea,5,000 girls and women joined in the first two month. It is especially popular with teenage girls, aged fourteen to sixteen, who have never had a chance to go to school before. The organizers of Food for Training also plan to offer other kinds of courses for women, using the same system of food rewards. In these courses, they will teach women job skills and crafts such as basket weaving. These women will not only learn to read and write. They will become aware of what is going on in their country, and they will be able to have a voice in the future. 36 According to the passage, traditional ideas about women A hinder economic development. B help improve the economy. C have little impact on economic development. D are rejected by the younger generation. 37 The Eritrean government is offering extra food to girls in school in order to A help girls feed their families. B create more jobs for Eritrean teachers. C change traditional attitudes towards women. D encourage parents to keep girls at home. 38 With the Food for Training program, women get a large package of food as long as A they bring up their families on their own. B they live in refugee camps. C they have no land of their own. D they attend free literacy classes every day 39 The new literacy programs are an example of A the Eritrean government working to keep its power. B local and international organization working to keep its power. C the work of 5,000 women and teenage girls. D the problems with international aid organizations. 40 According to the passage, Food for Training will A help women better their lives. B teach women about international aid C allow women to spend more time at home. D encourage women to leave their country 第三篇 The Iceman On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10, 499 feet, or 3, 200 meters) , the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface. . It was lying face downward. The skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (树皮) and a holder for arrows. Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War l, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5, 300 years old. Born in about 3300 B. C. he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself. By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. We may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times. 41 The body of the Iceman was found in the mountains mainly because A two Germans were climbing the mountains. B the melted ice made him visible. C he was lying on the ice. D he was just on a mountain pass. 42 What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head. B The Iceman was killed while working. C The Iceman lived a poor life. D The Iceman was struck dead from behind„ 43 All the following are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT A he was a soldier in World War I. B he was a Swiss woman's long-lost father' C he was born about a thousand years ago. D he came from Italy. 44 The scientists made the deduction that the Iceman A was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead. B had got a wound on the back of his head. C was probably in some kind of a battle. D had a tiny hole in his skin causing his death. 45 The word “bandits ”in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by A soldiers( B robbers. C hunters( D shooters( 第5 部分:补全短文(第46—50 题，每题2 分，共10 分) 下面的短文有5 处空白，短文后有6 个句子，其中5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容 将其分别 放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 I Know Just How you feel Do you feel sad,Happy? Angry? You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Reading, a DVD displaying every possible human emotion. It demonstrates 412 distinct ways in which we feel: the first visual dictionary of the human heart( Attempts to classify expressions began in the mid-1800s, when Darwin divided the emotions into six types—anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. _______(46) Every other feeling was thought to derive from Darwin?s small group. More complex expressions of emotion were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture. But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. ________(47) The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions. The project was conceived by a Cambridge professor as an aid for people with autism (孤 独症)，who have difficulty both reading and expressing emotions. But it quickly became apparent that it had broader uses. Actors and teachers, for example, need to understand a wide range of expression. The professor and his research team first had to define an “emotion”. _______ (48) Using this definition, 1,512 emotion terms were identified and discussed. This list was eventually reduced to 412, from “afraid” to “waiting”. Once these emot10ns were defined and classified, a DVD seemed the clearest and most efficient way to display them. In Mind Reading, each expression is acted out by six different actors in three seconds. _________ (49) The explanation for this is simple: we may find it difficult to describe emotions using words, but we instantly recognize one when we see it on someone?s face. “It was really clear when the actors had got it right,” says Cathy Collis, who directed the DVD. “Although they were given some direction,” says Ms Collis, “the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move. ________(50)” For example, when someone feels contempt, you can?t say for certain that their eyebrows always go down. Someone who has tried to establish such rules is the American, Professor Paul Ekman, who has built a database of how the face moves for every emotion. The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements called “action units”. These can be combined into more than 10,000 visible facial shapes. Ekman has written out a pattern of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion. A Any Other method of showing all the 41 2 emotions, such as words, would have been far less effective. B He said that the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone,from any culture. C Research has also been done to find out which areas of the brain read emotional expressions. D These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it. E They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by “I feel” or “he looks” or “she sounds”. F We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this. 第6 部分:完形填空(第5l 一65 题，每题1 分，共15 分) 下面的短文有15 处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1 个最佳选项。 Racial Prejudice In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences; and this is not even questioned. There are countries _________(51) the white man imposes his rule by brute (粗暴的) force; there are countries where countries where the black man protests by ______(52) fire to cities and by looting and pillaging (抢劫). Important people on both sides, who would appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in ________(53) of violence as if it were a legitimate(合法的) solution, _______(54) any other. What is really frightening, what really _______(55) you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch (关键时刻)，we have made no actual ______(56) at all. We may wear collars and recorded ______(57) of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that _______(58) never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering _____ (59) nothing. No solution ever comes to _______(60) the morning after when we dismally (阴郁地) contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us. The truly reasonable men who _______ where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted _______(62) their own kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into ______(63) acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at _______(64) up the the slums and ghettos (贫民窟), at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we would not have gone a long way to _______(65) at a solution. 51 A why B when C what D where 52 A setting B catching C fighting D returning 53 A spite B memory C favor D need 54 A as B like C to D through 55 A sets B puts C forces D fills 56 A progress B sense C decision D point 57 A business B history C system D range 58 A research B argument C violence D talk 59 A want B deal C have D mean 60 A mind B light C life D end 61 A know B suggest C demand D consider 62 A by B of C for D with 63 A symbolic B final C violent D lawful 64 A taking B getting C looking D cleaning 65 A laughing B arriving C starting D meeting 全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A 级)全真模拟试卷一 其中: 第1 部分:第1 ~15 题，每题1 分，共15 分; 第2 部分:第16 ~22 题，每题1 分，共7 分; 第3 部分:第23 ~30 题，每题1 分，共8 分; 第4 部分:第31~ 45 题，每题3 分，共45 分; 第5 部分:第46~ 50 题，每题2 分，共10 分; 第6 部分:第51~ 65 题，每题1 分，共15 分。 试卷满分:100 分。 第1 部分:词汇选项 1 C funny 是个很普通的形容词，意思为“滑稽的、可笑的”。humorous 是“幽默的”意思，和 funny 意思相近。boring 则恰恰相反，是“乏味的”意思，original 是“原来的、原创的”意思。 2 B decent 这个词的意思是“像样的、体面的”，也就是“比较好的”。a decent education 也就是 a good education 的意思。又如:a decent income，decent clothes。 3 D resentment 这个名词的意思是“愤怒、怨恨”，和anger 同义。doubt 是“怀疑”的意思。 4 A merge 是“合并”的意思，和combine 同义。又如:The two big airlines are going to merge soon. 5 D graceful 的意思是“礼貌的”。如:He made a graceful remark to apologize. 6 C put up with 这个动词短语的意思就是tolerate “容忍”。又如:They found the heat in the desert very hard to toleratel 7 A immense 表示“巨大的”，故和great 同义。moderate 是“中庸的”意思，equal 是 “相 等的”意思。 8 B vague 这介形容词的意思是“含糊的、不清楚的”，可用unclear 来替代。又如:His attitude to our proposal is still vague. 9 C hazard 就是“危险”的意思，和danger 同义。又如:He went sailing in the rough sea， despite the hazards( 10 B demolish 这个动词后面可跟不同的宾语，具有不同的意思，demolish my argument 是 “驳倒、推翻我的论点”的意思，也就是证明我的论点不正确，所以应选disprove。accept “接 受”，support “支持”，dispute “争论”。 11 A vigorous 是“充满活力的”意思，vigorous exercise 指活动量比较大的运动，和energetic exercise意思相同。 12 C spur 是“刺激、推动”的意思，spur investment 就是“刺激投资，促使、鼓励投资” 的意思，和encourage investment 完全同义。 13 D appalling 这个形容词表示“极度的差、糟糕”的意思，appalling conditions 即“极差 的条件”，也可以说terrible conditions。 14 C diligent 是“勤奋的、努力的”意思，和hard-working 同义。 15 B turmoil 这个名词表示“极度的混乱”，和confusion 同义。又如:The earthquake threw the small island state into great turmoil. 第2 部分:阅读判断 16 A 第一段里的这句话Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his “tag”, TAKI 183, all over the New York underground in 1971...告诉我们Demetrius 是来自纽约的一个17 岁的少年。 17 B 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 可以从第二段里的这句话得到:The scheme started in 2000，and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. 18 A 从涂鸦大会的组织者之- Liam 所说的这段话里我们可以得到答案:Before we began， people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. 19 B 这个说法显然是错误的，2000 年的这次行动并不是要禁止涂鸦，所以此后涂鸦依然可 见，但不是先前那种在别人私产上涂上、自己标签的那种涂鸦，而是有组织的艺术家的创作 行为。 20 C 文中有这样一句话:So，at 12 years old，Temper started painting with all these guys he'd hooked up with who were about 22 years old. Temper 在12 岁时就和22 岁左右的人一起画 画。但并没有说到是否英国大多数的涂鸦艺术家都比他大10 岁。 21 C 这个信息在文中找不到。 22 A 文章结尾引用Temper 自己说的这句话回答了:The whole hip-hop scene was built up of different, things and I did a bit of everything: beat-boxing, body popping and DJ-ing. 第3 部分:概括大意与完成句子 23 A Professional recognition is obtained 的意思是:得到了专业的认可。在这段里讲到 Darlington 夫妇的农庄和店铺在the Farm Retail Association 组织的竞赛上名列前茅,并得到 该组织监察员的褒奖。 24 F Professional skills are exploited 这个标题的意思是:充分发挥专业技能。这段里讲 Clara 是名专业厨师(trained chef )，所以她可以在种菜、卖菜之外再开个小餐馆供应饭菜。 25 E Continuing investment in high standards 这个标题的意思是:继续向高水准投资。本 段中提到开设这个小饭店既需要花钱，还很辛苦，但Clara 还是不断努力把它办得更好。’ 26 B Ensuring that nothing gets wasted 这个标题的意思是:确保什么都不浪费。农场上有 些蔬菜形状不佳或被碰伤了(a surplus of misshapen or damaged vegetables)，Darlington 夫妇 就用它们来煮汤，物尽其用，避免了浪费。 27 C 本题的答题依据是第一段里的这句话:The success began when they established a shop on their farm, so that people could come and buy fresh vegetables directly from them. 28 D 请见第三段里的这句话:,in addition to a range of home-grown foods and other local produce, she began offering a variety of prepared meals… 29 F 请见第五段。 30 A 请见第六段里的这句话:She spent much of the summer traveling up and down to London by rail, doing presentations of the soups(doing presentations 即为“推销、宣传”的 意思。 第4 部分:阅读理解 31D 第一段的这句话:Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it(最清楚不过地告诉我们决定体重的 是基因，而不是生活习惯。 32 B They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day(liquid formula “流质食 物”。这句话说明这八个实验对象每天都吃流质食物。 33 D But after leaving the hospital，they all regained.这句话的意思就是“离开医院后，他们的 体重 都恢复了”。regain “恢复、重又获得”。 34 A 文章第三段介绍了Ethan Sims 的实验，他的实验是让瘦子通过猛吃来增加体重。They have to make a great effort to gain weight.实验对象来自监狱，不是把对象放到监狱里去。 35 C 答题的依据是这句话:...each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as9 kg.每个人都有一个合适的体重幅度，这个幅度可能高达9 千克(但并非就是9 千克)。 36 A 文章第一段介绍了Eritrea 这个小国家对妇女接受教育的传统观念，These beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritrea and other developing countries from improving their economic situation.这句话说明这样的观念妨碍了发展中国家的经济发展。hinder 是“阻碍、 妨碍”的意思。 37 C 第三段讲到Eritrea 政府给在校的女生比男生多发50%的食物作为奖励，其最终目的是 这一段的最后一句话:This way，parents are encouraged to send their daughters to school rather than keeping them at home. 以此来改变把女孩留在家里不上学的传统。 38 D 见第五段里的这句话:If they agree to join the program，they receive a large package of food each month. In return, the women are required to attend free literacy classes for two hours every4ay. 39 B 文中介绍的Eritrea 政府的两个扫盲行动(literacy programs)，都是和国际组织合作的， 第三段里的the Eritrean govemment，together with the World Food Program，第四段里的this program offers food rewards (also from the World Food Organization)都说明这一点。 40 A 从最后一段可以得出这个结论。 41 B 两名德国登山者所以能发现这具尸体是因为1991 年恰好是特别暖和的一年，覆盖在 尸体上的冰融化了，才把尸体暴露出来。 42 A 根据尸体头部受过伤这一情况可以推断，该“冰人”很可能因此而死亡。 43 D 第三段里讲到三种推断，但没有讲到有人推断他是个意大利人。 44 C 注意deduction 这个词的意思，它是指“基于事实得出的结论”。这道题所列出的四 个选项都是真实的，都是科学家发现的事实，但是科学家从一个事实推断出另一个事实，最 终得出 C 这个结论。 45 B bandit 是 “土匪”的意思，故可用robber 替代。这个“冰人”很可能是个土匪，在和 其他土匪争斗争时丧命。 第5 部分:补全短文 46 B 这一段先介绍Darwin 对感情的分类，他把感情分为六大类，下面一句话接着一个以he 开始 的句子，继续介绍他对这六种感情的看法很自然。 47 F 上面一句讲到许多面部表情是世界各国各种文化共通的。这个空格后面的一句话是说Mind Reading 这张DVD 系统记录了这些面部表情。所以，中间的这个空格里很可能要说一下表情是否 可以用丈字来描述的话。We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this.说的正是这一点。 48 E 这位教授和他的科研团队首先要界定什么是“感情”。在六个选项中，只有E 符合。 49 A 看一下这个空格前后两个句子就比较容易找到答案。前一句是说直观地记录下面部表情十分 方便简捷，后一句说要解释这一点很简单。this 方法，例如用文字，就很困难。 50 D muscles 这个词是个很好的提示。演员们只被告知要表现出什么感情，但并没有被告知要牵 动哪些面部肌肉，而这些肌肉是很难控制的。 第6 部分:完形填空 51 D where 用来引导定语从句。先行词是countries，是个地点，所以选where。 52 A set fire to 是个固定的表达方式，意思为“让,,烧起来”。 53 C 尽管这四个选项前面都可以放到in...of 中去，而且都有意义，但从上下文来看，这里应该选 的是favor，in favor of 这个短语是“赞同”的意思。 54 B like any other，这里省略了solution，即like any other solution “和其他任何解决方式一样”。 55 D 后面的介词with 是个提示，fill...with...是个短语，意思为“使,,充满,,”。fill you with despair 的意思是“让你充满沮丧”。 56 A 这四个选项都可以和动词make 搭配，但根据上下文的意思来看，这里应该是made no actual progress，意思是:如果我们把暴力作为解决种族歧视的合法方式，那么到了关键时刻，你就会发 现事情毫无进展。 57 B recorded history “有记载的历史”。 58 C 这里缺的是句子的主语:...violence never solves a problem... 59 D The sheer，horror(the bloodshed and the suffering mean nothing. (暴力带来的)恐怖、流血和痛苦毫无意义。 60 B come to light 是个固定的表达方式，意思为“出现、产生”。又如:No new evidence has come to light yet. 61 A who know where the solutions lie 是个定语从句，从句本身又包含一个 宾语从句where the solutions lie，整个定语从句修饰The truly reasonable men，意思为:那 些真正知道解决办法在哪里的有识之士。 62 A 这个句子是被动句，by their own kind 这个by 短语表示动作的执行者。 63 C If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use...如果将用到暴力行为上 的一半力气用到该用的地方去的话,, 64 D clean up 是个短语，意思是“打扫干净”，这是前面作者所说的good use 中的一种。 65 B arrive at 是个很普通的短语，意思为“到达一个地方”，也可以和solution 搭配，意思 为“找到解决的方法”。 全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A 级)全真模拟试卷二 第1 部分:词汇选项 (第1 ~15 题，每题1 分，共15 分) 下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1 个意义最为 接 近的选项。 1 The President made a brief visit to Beijing. A short B working C formal D secret 2 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. A eats B drinks C buys D produce 3 Mary just told us a very fascinating story. A strange B frightening C difficult D interesting 4 It’s a gorgeous day anyway. A lovely B cold C normal D rainy 5 Her life is becoming more diverse. A generous B humorous C varied D romantic 6 Foreign military aid was prolonging the war. A broadening B worsening C extending D accelerating 7 She is slender, with delicate wrists and ankles. A sick B weak C slim D pale 8 With immense relief, I stopped running. A some B enormous C little D extensive 9 The scientists began to accumulate data. A collect B handle C analyze D investigate 10 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance. A possible B profitable C easy D wise 11 Mary has derived a good deal of benefit from her job. A obtained B accepted C bribed D produced 12 He is charming; nevertheless, I don’t quite trust him. A however B therefore C despite D afterwards 13 Jack is a diligent student. A hardworking B ambitious C lazy D slow 14 France has kept inimate links with its former African territories. A friendly B private C strong D sectet 15 The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. A destroyed B broke C smashed D changed 第2 部分:阅读判断(第16 ~22 题，每题1 分，共7 分) 下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:如果该句 提供的是 正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息 文章中没有提及， 请选择C。 California Gives Green Light to Space Solar Power Energy beamed down from space is one step closer to reality, now that California has given the green light to an agreement that would see the Pacific Gas and Electric Company buy 200 megawatts(兆 瓦)of power beamed down from solar-power satellites beginning in 2016. But some major challenges will have to be overcome if the technology is to be used widely. A start-up company called Solaren is designing the satellites, which it says will use radio waves to beam energy down to a receiving station on Earth. The attraction of collecting solar power in space is the almost uninterrupted sunshine available in geosynchronous(与地球同步的)orbit(Earth-based solar cells，by contrast，can only collect sunlight during daytime and when skies are clear. But space-based solar power must grapple (努力克服)with the high cost per kilogram of launching things into space, says Richard Schwartz of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana.“If you're talking about it being economically viable for power of the Earth, It’s a tough go,” he says. Cal Boerman, Solaren’s director of energy services, says the company designed its satellites with a view to keeping launch costs down. “we knew we had to come up with a different, revolutionary design,” he says. A patent the company has won describes ways to reduce the system, s weight, including using inflatable mirrors to focus sunlight on solar cells so a smaller number can collect the same amount of energy. But using mirrors introduces other challenges, Including keeping the solar cells from overheating, says Schwartz.“You have to take care of heat dissipation (散发)because you’re now concentrating a lot of energy in one place,” he says. According to the company's patent, Solaren’s solar cells will be connected to radiators to help keep them cool. Though Boerman says the company believes it can make space-based solar power work, it is not expecting to crowd out other forms of renewable energy-Lavers in California and other states require increasing use of renewable energy in coming years, he points out. “To meet those needs, we’re going to need an types of renewable energy sources,” he says. 1 6 Solar power satellites will use radio waves to beam energy down from space. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 1 7 Solaren is going to design 200 solar-power satellites. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 1 8 Space-based solar cells could collect solar power only when skies are clear. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 1 9 One advantage of the space-based solar power system is that it is economical. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 Inflatable mirrors are used to reduce the weight of the space-based solar power system. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 21 Space-based solar power will rule out other forms of renewable energy sources. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 Many count rules will grant permission for the use of space-based solar power soon. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3 部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23~30 题，每题1 分，共8 分) 下面的短文后有2 项测试任务:(1)第23~26 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为第2~5 段 每段选择 1 个最佳标题;(2)第27~30 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为每个句子确定1 个最 佳选项。 Natural Gas 1 Natural gas is produced from reservoirs deep beneath the earth's surface.lt is a fossil fuel (矿物燃料)，meaning that it is derived from organic material buried in the earth millions of years ago. The main component of natural gas is methane(甲烷)( 2 The popularity and use of clean natural gas has increased dramatically over the past 50 years as pipeline infrastructure (基础设施)has been installed to deliver it conveniently and economically to millions of residential, commercial and industrial customers worldwide. Today, natural gas service is available in a?50 states in the U-S., and is the leading energy choice for fueling American homes and industries. More than 65 million American homes use natural gas. In fact, natural gas is the most economical source for home energy needs, costing one-third as much as electricity. In addition to heating homes, much of the gas used in the United States is used as a raw material to manufacture a wide variety of products, from paint, to fibers for clothing, to plastics for healthcare, computing and furnishings. Natural gas is also used in a significant number of new electricity-generating power plants. 3 Natural gas is one of the safest and cleanest fuels available. It emits (发出)less pollution than other fossil fuel sources. When natural gas is burned, it produces mostly carbon dioxide (二 氧碳)and water vapor - the same substances emitted when humans breathe. Compared with some other fossil fuels, natural gas emits the least amount of carbon dioxide into the air when combusted (燃烧)- making natural gas the cleanest burning fossil fuel of all. 4 The United States consumes about one-third of the world's natural gas output, making it the largest gas-consuming region in the world. The U.S, Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration forecasts that natural gas demand will grow by more than 50 percent by 2025. 5 There are huge reserves of natural gas beneath the earth's surface. The largest reserves of natural gas can be found in Russia, West and North Africa and the Middle East. LNG(液化天然 气)has been produced domestically and imported in the United States for more than four decades. Today, the leading importers of LNG are Japan, Korea, France and Spain. 23 Paragraph 2 _______ 24 Paragraph3 _______ 25 Paragraph 4 ______ 26 Paragraph 5 ______ A Clean fuel of choice B Natural gas prices C Natural gas consumption D Popularity of natural gas E Disadvantages of natural gas F Natural gas reserves and supply 27 Natural gas is stored deep ______ 28 Natural gas is recognized as the most economical energy source ______ 29 When manufacturing many different products, people commonly use natural gas ______ 30 It is estimated that by 2025 the natural gas demand in the United States will increase ______. A over the past 50 years B for home energy needs C as a raw material D by more than 50 percent E beneath the earth’s surface F for more than four decades 第4 部分:阅读理解(第31—45 题，每题3 分，共45 分) 下面有3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1 个最佳选项。 第一篇 Night of the Living Ants When an ant dies, other ants move the dead -insect out of the nest. This behavior is interesting to scientists, who wonder how ants know for sure - and so soon - that another ant is dead. Dong-Hwan Choe, a scientist at the University of California, found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, " I'm dead - take me away. " But there's a twist to Choe's discovery. Choe says that the living ants - not just the dead ones - have this death chemical. In other words, while an ant crawls around, perhaps in a picnic or home, it's telling other ants that it's dead. What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies, and these tell nearby ants something like, "Wait - I'm not dead yet." So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants: one says, "I'm dead," the other set says, "I'm not dead yet. " Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead. If an ant is knocked unconscious, other ants leave it alone until it wakes up. That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive. Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies, the chemical that says " Wait - I'm not dead yet" quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone, only the one that says "I'm dead" is left. "It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard (墓 地), not because its body releases new, unique chemicals after death," said Choe. When other ants detect the " dead" chemical without the " not dead yet" chemical, they haul away the body. This was Choe's hypothesis(假 设), To test his hypothesis, Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae (蛹). When the scientists used the "l'm dead" chemical, other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away. When the scientists used the "Wait - I'm not dead yet" chemical, other ants left the treated pupae alone. Choe believes this behavior shows that the "not dead yet" chemical overrides (优胜于) the "dead" chemical when picked up by adult ants. And that when an ant dies, the "not dead yet" chemical fades away. Other nearby ants then detect the remaining "dead" chemical and remove the body from the nest. 31 The phrase " death chemical” in paragraph 3 refers to ______ A a chemical that announces death. B a chemical that contains poison. . C a ch6mical that prevents death. D a chemical that causes death. 32 Which of the following statements is not true of ants? A Ants know very soon that another ant is dead. B If an ant is unconscious, it is moved out of the nest. C Living ants have the "I'm dead" chemical on their bodies. D When an ant is dead, others move its body out of the nest. 33 According to Choe's hypothesis, ______ A the "I'm not dead yet" chemical leaves the body of an ant when it dies. B the "I'm dead" chemical leaves the body of an ant when it dies. C an ant gives off a new chemical when it dies. D an ant still smells like a living one when it dies. 34 According to paragraph 7, what is the result of the test on Choe's hypothesis? A It shows that his hypothesis is wrong. B It proves that his hypothesis is convincing. C It suggests that his hypothesis needs revising. D Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis. 35 The passage "Night of the Living Ants" tells us about A how an ant is moved out of the nest at night. B how an ant finds its way in darkness. C what happens when an ant dies. D what an ant does at night. 第二篇 Scientists Make Sweet Discovery Good news for chocoholics: the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids (类黄酮) that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate once in a while may contribute to a healthy diet. Chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins (内啡肽) in the body: these chemicals help to reduce pain and But who first discovered this wonderful way of keeping healthy? The Olmec Indians of Mexico and Central America were the first to grow cocoa beans, in about 1500 B. C. , and the Mayas were drinking unsweetened cocoa hundreds of years before it became fashionable in Europe. The word chocolate comes from the Nahuatl word xocolati , which means " bitter w In 1544, a delegation of Mayan nobles visited Philip of Spain and gave him jars cocoa as a gift. Cocoa soon became fashionable in Spain and Portugal. The Spanish were the first to add sugar to their cocoa drink. In the 17t' century, chocolate was becoming fashionable with the middle-classes, not only as a drink but also as a medicine. By the middle of the century, solid chocolate was becoming familiar. In 1753, a Swedish scientist renamed cocoa the obroma or "food for the gods". In 1765, James Baker and John Hanan opened the first chocolate mill in the United States, introducing chocolate to the average citizen. In 1876, in Switzerland, Daniel Peter had the idea of adding milk in the chocolate-making process and produced the first milk chocolate. . Since then, chocolate has grown enormously in popularity. One of the biggest chocolate-eating nations is Britain where the average man, woman, and child eats nine kilos of chocolate a year! In fact, chocolate is the number one comfort food and there are more "chocoholics" in Britain than anywhere else in the world. Researchers warn that although chocolate is good for you, it should be eaten in small quantities - and with no added milk. 36 Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation? A It reduces pain and stress. B It releases endorphins in human body. C It acts like aspirin to-protect heart. D It contains substances called flavonoids. 37 When cocoa was first introduced into Europe, it soon became fashionable A as a gift. B as food. C as a drink. D a&d medicine. 38 What did James Baker and John Hanan do about chocolate? A They introduced chocolate to Europe. B They produced the first milk chocolate. . . C They added sugar to make chocolate bars. D They made chocolate accessible to the average man. 39 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A Chocolate is good for health if it is eaten with added milk. B . Chocolate contains substances that make people feel happy. C Eating chocolate occasionally contributes to a healthy diet. D Chocolate is loved by millions of people worldwide. 40 What is the author's tone about eating chocolate? A Negative. B Positive. C Ambiguous. D Humorous. 第三篇 How the First Stars in the Universe Came into Existence Researchers believe that our universe began with the Big Bang (宇宙大爆炸) about 13 billion years ago, and that soon after that event, matter began to form as small dust grains and gases. How the first stars formed from this dust and gas has been a burning question for years, but a state-of-the-art computer simulation now offers the most detailed picture yet of how these first stars in the universe came into existence. The composition of the early universe was quite different from that of today, and the physics that governed the early universe were also somewhat simper. Dr. Naoki Yoshida and colleagues in Japan and the U.S. incorporated these conditions of the early universe, sometimes referred to as the “cosmic dark ages,” to simulate the information of an astronomical object that would eventually shine its light into this darkness. The result is a detailed description of the formation of a protostar (原恒星) ----the early stage of a massive primordial (原始的) star of our universe ---- and the researchers’ computer simulation sets the bar for further investigation into the star formation process. The question of how the first stars evolved is so important because their formation and eventual explosions provided the seeds for subsequent stars to come to being. According to their simulation, gravity acted on minute density variations in matter, gases, and the mysterious “dark matter” of the universe after the Big Band in order to form this early stage of a star a protostar with a mass of just one percent of our sun. The simulation reveals how pre-stellar (前恒星的) gases would have actually evolved under the simpler physics of the early universe to form this protostar. Dr. Yoshida’s simulation also shows that the protostar would likely evolve into a massive star capable of synthesizing (合成) heavy elements, not just in later generations of stars, but soon after the Big Bang. Their simulation of the birth of a protostar in the early universe dignifies a key step toward the ambitious goal of piecing together the formation of an entire primordial star and of predicting the mass and properties of these first stars of the universe. More powerful computers, more physical data, and an even larger range will be needed for further calculations and simulations, but these researchers hope to eventually extend this simulation to the point of nuclear reaction initiation when a stellar (星球的) object becomes a true star. 41 According to the first two paragraphs, compared with the universe of today, the early universe _____ A got fewer stars shinning in it. B was composed in a similar way. C started over 13 billion years ago. D was governed by simpler physics. 42 What does the state-of-the-art computer simulation tell us about? A How “cosmic dark ages” came into existence B How the Big Bang took place about 13 billion years ago C How the first stars came into being after the Big Bang D Hoe dust grains and gases were formed after the Big Bang 43 The phrase “ an astronomical object” in paragraph 2 refers to A a protostar B dust and gas C the early universe D cosmic dark ages 44 According to paragraph 4, which of the following is NOT true about a protostar? A It evolved from pre-stellar gases B It had a mass of one percent of the sun C It developed into a massive star during the Big Bang D It was able to integrate heavy elements when evolving into a massive star 45 According to the last paragraph, all of the following are the goals of the simulation project EXCEPT A to know more about the mass and properties of the first stars of the universe B to simulate the process of how the early universe began C to apply the simulation to the study of nuclear reaction initiation D to discover the truth about the formation of protostar 第5 部分:补全短文(第46~ 50 题，每题2 分，共10 分) 下面的短文有5 处空白，短文后有6 个句子，其中5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容 将其分别 放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 The Value of Tears Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy. However, crying is a fact of life, ,and tears are very useful. ______(1) These create a film over the eye's surface'. This film contains a substance that protects y our eyes against infection. Tears relieve stress, but we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. "People worry about showing their emotions. They're afraid that once they lose control, they'll never get it back," explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe. "______ (2) As adults we still fear the consequences of showing emotions. " Almost any emotion-good or bad, happy or sad-can cause tears. Crying is a way that we release built-up emotions. Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. ______ (3) When some people become very stressed, however, they can't cry. They may be feeling shock, anger, fear, or grief, but they repress the emotion. "Everyone has the need to cry," says psychotherapist Vera Diamond. Sometimes in therapy sessions, patients participate in crying exercise ______(4) Diamond says it’s best to cry in safe, private places, like under the bedcovers or in the car. That's because many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them. In fact, they may be repressing their own need to cry. In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. ______ (5)” But once you are safely behind closed doors, don't just cry”, Diamond says. she suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better.”And ”she adds,” once your tears have released the stress, you can begin t0 山ink of logical way to deal with the problem (” Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. You should never be afraid to cry. A It may explain why people who are af}aid to.cry often suffer more heart attacks than people cry more freely ( B It’s good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion. C Crying has good effects on the body. D Even when you're not crying, your eyes produce tears. E They practice crying so mat they can get used to expressing emotion. F As children we were sometimes punished for shedding tears or expressing anger.. 第6 部分:完形填空(第51—65 题，每题1 分，共15 分) 下面的短文有15 处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1 个最佳选项。 Obtaining Drinking Water from Air Humidity Not a plant to be seen, the desert ground is too dry. But the air contains water, and research scientists have found a _______ (51) of obtaining drinking water from air "The process we have developed is based exclusively on renewable energy sources ______(52) thermal solar collectors and photovoltaic (光电的) cells, _____ (53)makes this method completely energy-autonomous. It will ______ (54) function in regions where there is no electrical infrastructure (基础设施) ," says Siegfried Egner, head of the research team. The principle of the ______ (55) is as follows: hygroscopic (吸湿的) brine(盐水), — saline (含盐 的) solution which absorbs moisture - runs down a tower-shaped unit and absorbs water from the air. It is then sucked ______ (56) a tank a few meters off the ground in which a vacuum prevails. Energy from solar collectors ______(57) up the brine, which is diluted by the water it has ______ (58). Because of the vacuum, the boiling point of the liquid is lower than it would be under ______(59) atmospheric pressure. The evaporated (蒸发的), non-saline water is condensed and runs down through a completely filled tube in a controlled manner. The gravity of this water column ______ (60) produces the vacuum and so a vacuum pump is not needed. The reconcentrated brine _______ (61) down the tower surface again to absorb moisture from the air. "The concept is suitable for various water _ (62).Single-person units and plants supplying water to entire hotels are conceivable," says Egner. Prototypes have been built for ___ (63) system components air moisture absorption and vacuum evaporation - and the research scientists have already _ (64) their interplay on a laboratory scale. In a further_______(65) the researchers intend to develop a demonstration facility. 51 A way B channel C road D path 52 A because of B such as C in spite of D as a result of 53 A which B where C who D when 54 A however B still C therefore D meanwhile 55 A progress B product C prospect D process 56 A into B at C above D from 57 A brings B breaks C keeps D heats 58 A affected B absorbed C allowed D attracted 59 A different B easy C available D normal 60 A suddenly B typically C continuously D seriously 61 A runs B flies C takes D puts 62 A owners B users C workers D designers 63 A same B either C every D both 64 A copied B repaired C tested D cancelled 65 A case B step C ground D instrument 全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A 级)全真模拟试卷二 参考答案 第1 部分:词汇选项 1A 2 A 3 D 4 A 5 C 6 C 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 D 11 A 12 A 13 A 14 A 15 D 此部分不提供答案解析，请同学们自行查词典，并记录和背诵其中不认识的单词。 第2 部分:阅读判断 16 A 文章第二段提到卫星将利用无线电波将能量传送给地球上的接收站，所以本题陈述正确，选 A 。 17 C 本题陈述为“Solaren 公司将设计200 个太阳能卫星”。文章第二段仅提到Solaren 司正在 设计太阳能卫星，并未提到卫星的数量，因此选C。 18 B 第三段第二句话提到，与太空太阳能卫星相反，地球上的太阳能电池只能在白天天气晴朗的时候吸收阳光，说明太空太阳能卫星在任何天气条件下都能吸收阳光，所以本题陈述错误，选B。 19 B 本题陈述为“太空太阳能的一个优势是经济节约”，而第四段第一句明确指出太空太阳能必须努力克服发射卫星的高成本问题，可见经济节约并不是它的优势，本题陈述错误，选B。 20 A 本题陈述为“利用可充气反光镜来减轻太空太阳能系统的重量”。文中第五段最后一句指出，该公司的专利利用各种方法来减轻太空太阳能系统的重量，包括使用可充气反光镜，所以本题陈述正确，选A。 21 B 第七段第一句提到，Boerman 说，尽管公司相信太空太阳能会起作用，但并不期待太空太阳能取代其他可再生能源，所以本题陈述“太空太阳能将淘汰其他可再生能源”错误，选B。 22 C 本题陈述为“许多国家不久将允许太空太阳能的使用”，文章中并没有涉及。 第3 部分:概括大意与完成句子 23 D 文章第二段主要介绍天然气的受欢迎程度和使用情况。由于运输管道方便经济，过去50 年间天然气的使用大幅度增加，如今天然气是在美国家庭和工厂使用范围最广的能源。因此这段的标题应该是Popularity of natural gas。 24 A 第三段开头提到天然气是最安全、最清洁的燃料之一。与其他化石燃料相比，天然气燃烧释放的二氧化碳量最少。所以这段的标题应该是Clean fuel of choice。 25 C 第四段主要讲天然气的消耗。美国消耗了世界天然气总产量的三分之一，是世界上消耗天然气最多的地区。所以这段的标题应该是Natural gas consumption。 26 F 第五段介绍了天然气的储藏和供应情况。天然气储藏最丰富的地区是俄罗斯、非洲西部、非洲北部和中东，而进口天然气最多的国家是日本、韩国、法国和西班牙。因此本段的标题是Natural gas reserves and supply。 27 E 本题答案可以在第一段第一句找到，天然气储藏在地球表面以下的深处，答案为E。 28 B 本题答案可以在第二段第四句找到，天然气是家庭使用最经济的能源，成本是电力的三分之一，答案为B。 29 C 第二段第五句提到，在美国，，天然气很多时候被用作原材料，来生产各种产品，所以本题答案为C。 30 D 本题答案可以从第四段第二句得出，美国能源部能源信息管理局预测，到2025 年天然气需求将增加50 010 以上，所以选D 。 第4 部分:阅读理解 31 A 答案见文章第三段最后一句:it's telling other ants that it's dead。 32 B 选项A、C、D 的信息均可在文中找到，选项B 的意思不符合原文内容，故选B。 33 A 答案见倒数第二段的倒数第二句话:When other ants detect the“dead”chemical without the “not dead yet” chemical, they haul away the body. 34 B 第七段前几句说的是Choe 和他的团队证实了他的假设，故答案是B。 35 C 全文都在讨论蚂蚁死后的情形，故答案是C。 36 D 从文章第一段第二句可以看出，巧克力之所以有利于心脏和血液循环，是因为它含,有类黄酮这种物质，所以答案为D。 37 C 从第三段最后一句话可以看出，可可豆最初引进欧洲的时候，很快成为一种时尚的饮品，所以本题答案为C。 38 D 第四段第三句告诉我们，James Baker和John Hanan开了美国第一家巧克力工厂，将巧克力介绍给了普通百姓，所以正确选项为D 。 39 A 文章结尾提到，研究人员警告说，尽管巧克力对人体有益，也应该少量食用，并且不要添加牛奶，所以选项A 中的说法“巧克力添加牛奶食用有益健康”是错误的，应该选A 。 40 B 通观全文可知作者对巧克力的态度是肯定的、积极的，选项B正确。 41 D 本题的答案可以在第二段第一句中找到:宇宙早期的构成与现在差异很大，宇宙早期的物理规律也比较简单，正确答案为D 。 42 C 从第一段结尾可以看出，计算机模拟详细地描述了宇宙早期的恒星是怎样形成的。选项C 正确。 43 A第二段结尾提到计算机模拟了一个天文物体的形成，而第三段开头又说结果得到了对原恒星的详细描述，由此可知这个天文物体即为原恒星，答案为A 。 44 C第四段结尾提到，在恒星后期和大爆炸后不久，原恒星很可能进化成一颗能够合成重元素的巨大恒星，所以选项c的陈述“原恒星在大爆炸时进化成巨大的恒星”是错误的，答案为C。 45 B最后一段提到，计算机模拟的目的是揭开原恒星的形成之谜，同时对宇宙早期恒星的质量 和特性进行更多的了解:，另外，研究人员还希望将计算机模拟拓展到核反应引发中，而选项B“模拟早期宇宙的形成过程”不包括在计算机模拟的目的之中，所以正确选项为B 。 第5 部分:补全短文 46 D 此空的上一句讲到眼泪很有用，后一句讲到眼泪的具体用处，并且句首是these 所以所填的这句应该有眼泪，根据上下文只有选项D 最适合。选项C 与前一句话意思重复。 47 F 下文提到作为成人，我们仍然害怕流泪，所填的这句应该讲我们还是孩子时对流泪的恐惧。所以，答案是选项F。 48 A 上文讲到哭能够帮助我们发泄心中的强烈情感，所以经常哭的人会比不常哭的人获得某种益处，根据上下文，只有选项A 比较贴切。 49 E 上文提到患者要练习哭，这里应该讲练习哭的原因。所以，答案是选项E。 50 B 上一句提到在某些场合哭是不合适的，所以此处也应该具体解释不适合哭的场景，答案是选项B。 第6 部分:完形填空 51. A way 的意思是“方式、方法”。其他几个词义都不合适，channel 的意思是“通道，频道”，road 和path 的意思都是“道路”。 52. B 此处是列举可再生资源，所以用such as，意思是“例如„„”because of 的意思是“因为”，in spite of 的意思是“尽管”，as a result of 的意思是“由于”。 53. A 这里需要一个引导非限定性定语从句的引导词，先行词为一句话，只能用which。 54. C 由于这种方法在能量上完全自给自足，所以能够在没有电力设施的地区使用。therefore 的意思是“因此”，表示因果关系，符合上下文。 55. D 从本段开头可以看出，这里介绍的是一种process，意思是“方法，步骤”。progress 的意思是“进步”，product 的意思是“产品”，prospect 的意思是“前景”，词义均与上下文不符。 56. A 该句的意思是:盐水经过塔形装置、从空气中吸收水分后，被吸入离地面几米高的水箱中，只有介词into (进入)符合句意。 57. D 这里heat up 的意思是“加热”，即太阳能集热器中的能量将盐水加热。bring up 的意思是 “提出，养育”，break up 的意思是“粉碎，解散”，keep up 的意思是“保持，继续”，均不符合句意。 58. B 根据上下文，本句的意思为:盐水被所吸收的水分稀释。四个选项的意思分别是“影响”“吸收”“允许”“吸引”，选项B 最合适。 59. D 本句意思应为:由于真空，该液体的沸点低于正常气压下的沸点。四个选项分别为different (不同)、easy (容易，简单)、available (可得的)和normal (正常)，normal 最恰当。 60. C 原句意思应为:水柱的重力作用不断保持着真空，答案应为continuously (不断地)，而不是suddenly(突然)、typically (代表性地)和seriously(严重地)。 61. A 这里需要动词的第三人称单数，四个选项分别为run (流淌)、fly(飞翔)、take (拿)和put (放)，本剧的意思是浓缩的盐水沿塔的表面留下来，再次吸收空气中的水分，所以答案为A。 62. B 此处需要一个名词，四个选项分别为owner (所有者)、user(使用者)、worker (工人) 和designer (设计者)，全句的意思是该方法适合各种使用水的人，因此选项B 正确。 63. D 该装置包括两部分，即空气水分吸收装置和真空蒸发装置，该句的意思是两种装置的原型都已经建好，因此应选both(都)，而same(同样)、either (也)和every (每一个)均不符合上下文意思。 64. C 该剧的意思是研究人员已经在实验室里检验了两种装置的相互作用，因此应选test (检验)，而copy (复制)、repair (修理)和cancel(取消)均不符合句意。 65. B 该句的意思是研究人员下一步打算开发演示装置，四个选项分别为case(情况、案例)， step (步骤)、ground (地面)和instrument(器械、工具)，根据句意应选B。 全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A 级)全真模拟试卷三 第1 部分:词汇选项 (第1 ~15 题，每题1 分，共15 分) 下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。 1 The word champion suffered a sensational defeat. A reasonable B dramatic C humiliating D horrifying 2 This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a town in the South. A praises B writes C imitates D describes 3 One theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from India and Persia. A assumes B expects C predicts D considers 4 It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules. A remember B follow C understand D learn 5 There should be laws that prohibit smoking around children. A forbid B advocate C inherit D withdraw 6 With regard to future oil supplies, the situation is uncertain. A Judging B Talking C Concerning D Thinking 7 There is no reason why you shouldn’t tell them beforehand that you are leaving. A in advance B ahead C before long D early 8 The change in that village was miraculous. A conservative B amazing C insignificant D unforgettable 9 Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it. A able B fortunate C qualified D competent 10 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. A extends B stretches C broadens D bends 11 John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article. A cooperating B marrying C combining D arguing 12 The food is insufficient for three people. A scarce B short C marginal D inadequate 13 It is a complicated problem. A strange B complex C difficult D publicity 14 Why can’t you stop your eternal complaining! A everlasting B long C temporary D boring 15 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics. A attraction B simplicity C power D rigor 第2 部分:阅读判断(第16 ~22 题，每题1 分，共7 分) 下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:如果该句 提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文 章中没有提及，请选择C。 Retirement Brings Most a Big Health Boost The self-reported health of the newly retired improves so much that most feel eight years younger, a new European study suggests. This happy news was true of almost everyone except a small minority-only 2 percent-who had experienced “ideal" conditions in their working life, anyway. "The results really say three things: that work puts an extra burden on the health of older workers, that the effects of this extra burden are largely relieved by retirement and, finally, that both the extra burden and the relief are larger when working conditions are poor,” said Hugo Westerlund, lead author of a study published online Nov.9 in The Lancet (柳叶刀). “This indicates that there is a need to provide opportunities for order workers to decrease the demands in their work out of concern for their health and well-being." But of course added Westerland, who is head of epidemiology at the Stress Research Institute at Stokholm University in Sweden, “not all order workers suffer from poor perceived health. Many are indeed remarkably healthy and fit for work. But sooner or later, everyone has to slow down because of old age catching up.” Last week, the same group of researchers reported that workers slept better after retirement than before. “Sleep improves at retirement, which suggests that sleeping could be a mediator between work and perception of poor health.” Westerlund said. As participants got closer to retirement age, their perception of their own health declined, but went up again during the first year of retirement. Those who reported being in poorer health declined from 19. 2 percent in the year prior to retirement to 14. 3 percent by the end of the first year after retiring. According to the researchers, that means post-retirement levels of poor helth fell to levels last seen eight years previously. The changes were seen in both men and women, across different occupations, and lasted through the first seven years of not punching the clock. Workers who felt worse before retirement and had lower working conditions reported greater improvements as soon as they retired, the team found. 16 Most of the newly retired feel younger and healthier than before. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 17 0lder workers are generally as fit for work as younger workers. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned - 18 0lder workers usually get on very well with younger workers. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 19 Europe is aging faster than most other parts of the globe. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 20 The study analyzed the participants' perception of their own health in a certain period. A Right B Wrong . C Not mentioned 21 The participants came from various countries in Europe. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 22 The findings of the study apply to conditions all over the world. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 第3 部分:概括大意与完成句子(第23~30 题，每题1 分，共8 分) 下面的短文后有2 项测试任务:(1)第23~26 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为第2~5 段 每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27~30 题要求从所给的6 个选项中为每个句子确定1 个最佳 选项。 Parkinson's Disease 1 Parkinson's disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine (多巴 胺). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson's, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to. 2 No one-knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson's disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited. 3 Tremor (颤抖) may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson's affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation (便秘). In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson's may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills. 4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson's disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse: You may need to take several medicines to get the best results. 23 Paragraph 1______ 24 Paragraph 2 ______ 25 Paragraph 3 ______ 26 Paragraph 4 ______ A Typical symptoms of the disease B Means of diagnosis of the disease C Common treatment for the disease D Possible causes of the disease E Tips for patients with the disease F Definition of parkinson’s disease 27 You'll find it hard to move the way you want to ______ 28 A lot of research is being done to find out ______ 29 0ne of the most common signs of Parkinson's is tremor, ______ 30 A person with Parkinson's has to learn to live with the disease, ______ A what affects muscles all through your body B what causes Parkinson’s disease C if you have a fixed or blank expression D if there isn’t enough dopamine in your body E which may be the first symptom you notice F which cannot be cured yet 第4 部分:阅读理解(第31—45 题，每题3 分，共45 分) 下面有3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1 个最佳选项。 第一篇 Power Napping is Good for the I.Q( Today we hear more about the importance of getting enough sleep—about eight hours a night. Sleep can help heal and give energy both the body and brain. Medical experts now believe that sleep is even more important for health than diet or exercise.It seems almost certain that the third of our lives that we spend asleep has a great effect on the two-thirds that we are awake. Sleep affects our emotions, memory, focus, and behavior. Studies show that people in developed countries spend less time asleep and more time at work or commuting. Dr. Karine Spiegel, at the University of Chicago, has found that the average length of sleep has gone down from nine hours a night in 1910 to seven-and-a-half hours a night today. However, our bodies cannot function well without enough sleep. Losing just one or two hours of sleep night, over a long period of time, can cause serious health problems. According to Canadian scientist Dr. Stanley Coren, every hour of lost sleep at night causes us to lose one I.Q. point next day. For example, when someone gets only five or six hours of sleep each night for a week, the person's I.Q. could go down 15 points or more. That’s why, without enough sleep, a normally intelligent person may start to have difficulty doing daily tasks. Most sleep experts say that humans need at least eight hours sleep every day, but it should be in two stages: a long sleep at night and a shorter nap in the afternoon. Some companies help their employees follows this advices. They allow them to “power nap” in the afternoon, if only for 20 minutes. They say this makes the workers much more efficient. To study sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep), scientists use a test called the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). During the test, a person says in s darkened，quiet room during the daytime. Scientists believe that a sleep-deprived person will fall asleep quickly. If it takes ten minutes or long to fall asleep, the person is probably getting enough sleep. Scientists have also found that the time of years seems to affect how much sleep we need. People usually sleep longer in the winter, sometimes as much as 14 hours a night. However, in the summer, people sometimes sleep as little as six hours, without have any problems. 36 Which of the following is NOT true? A. We spend, on everage, third of our lives sleeping. B. Our emotion and attention are influenced by the quality of sleep. C. A good health is dependent on good sleep, rather than diet and exercise. D. Sleep can help heal and give energy both the body and brain 37 Why does the author say the third of our lives that we spend asleep has a great effect on the two-thirds that we are awake? A. The deep sleep is helpful to form a wholesome personality B. If we didn’t get a high-qualified sleep, the enzyme and hormone in our body will be disordered. C. A good sleep is beneficial to our daily life. D. It affects our daily function. 38 How many hours does the daily average length of sleep go down since 1910? A. One or two hours. B. 9 hours C. 1.5 hours. D. 7.5 hours 39 Which of the following is NOT true? A. the person's I.Q. could go down 15 points or more if he gets only five or six hours of sleep each night for a week, B. at least eight-hour sleep is required to keep a person healthy. C. A 20-minute power nap in the afternoon will make the staff more efficient. D. every hour of lost sleep at night causes us to lose one I.Q. point everyday. 40 What can be inferred from this passage? A. The hours people sleep in spring or autumn is same. B. The hours people sleep in winter and summer is quite different. C. Some people sleep more than 14 hours. D. There are many other factor affecting people’s sleep except for the seasonal changes 第二篇 Do Patients Trust Doctors Too Much? Earlier this year, the American College of Surgeons, the national scientific and educational organization of surgeons, conducted a nationwide survey that found that the average patient devotes an hour or less to researching his or her surgery or surgeon. While prospective patients worry about the costs or complications of an operation, they don't necessarily look for information that would address their concerns. In fact, more than a third of patients who had an operation in the last five years never reviewed the credentials of the surgeon who operated. Patients are more likely to spend time researching a job change (on average, about 10 hours) or a new car (8 hours) than the operation they are about to submit to or the surgeon who wields (支配) the knife. And many patients are satisfied with the answers they receive from their surgeons or primary care doctors, whoever those individuals happen to be. I felt curious about the survey, so I called Dr. Thomas Russell, executive director of the American College of Surgeons. "There is a tendency for patients not to get particularly involved and not to feel compelled to look into their surgery or surgeons," he told me. There are consequences to that kind of blind trust "Today, medicine and surgery are really team sports," Dr. Russell continued, "and the patient, as the ultimate decision maker, is the most important member of the team. Mistakes can happen, and patients have to be educated and must understand what is going on. " In other words, a healthy doctor-patient relationship does not simply entail good bedside manners and responsible office management on the part of the doctor. It also requires that patients come to the relationship educated about their doctors, their illnesses and their treatment. "If we are truly going to reform the health care system in the U. S. ,:' Dr. Russell said, "everybody has to participate actively and must educate themselves. That means doctors, nurses, other health care professionals, lawyers, pharmaceutical (制药的) companies, and insurance companies. But most of all, it means the patient. " Trust is important. But as Sir Francis Bacon, who was among the first to understand the importance of gathering data in science, once observed, knowledge is power. 36 According to the author, patients should spend more time A researching new cars. B researching job changes. C researching their surgery or surgeons. D researching the American College of Surgeons. 37 Nowadays patients seem to have A too much trust in their doctors. B too little faith in their doctors. C a healthy relationship with their doctors. D too much information about their doctors. 38 Medicine and surgery are now really team sports in which A doctors have the final say in almost everything. B patients and doctors play equally important roles. C the patient has the most important role to play. D the patient does not have an active role to play. 39 It is wrong to think that a healthy, doctor-patient relationship A entails any effort on the part of the patient. B is dependent just on the doctor. . C is what the patient truly desires. D is a goal that can be achieved. 40 The author does NOT believe in : A too much knowledge. B lots of scientific data. C Francis Bacon. D blind trust. 第三篇 CT Scans and Lung Cancer Small or slow-growing nodules (小结节) discovered on a lung scan are unlikely to develop into tumors over the next two years, researchers reported on Wednesday. The findings, reported in the New England Journal of Medicine, could help doctors decide when to do more aggressive testing for lung cancer. They could also help patients avoid unnecessarily aggressive and potentially harmful testing when lesions (损伤) are found. Lung cancer, the biggest cancer killer in the United States and globally, is often not diagnosed until it has spread. It kills 159,000 people a year in the United States alone. The work is part of a larger effort to develop guidelines to help doctors decide what to do when such growths, often discovered by accident, appear in a scan. High-tech (高技术的) X-rays called CT scans can detect tumors-but they see all sorts ofother blobs (模糊的一团)that are not tumors, and often the only way to tell the difference is to take a biopsy (活检) , a dangerous procedure. At the moment, routine lung cancer screening is considered impractical because of its high cost and because too many healthy people are called back for further testing. Good guidelines could help make lung cancer screening practical, Dr. Rob van Klaveren of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, who led the new study, said in a telephone inteview. The team looked at 7,557 people at high risk for lung cancer because they were current and former smokers. All received multidetector (多层螺旋)CT scans that measured the size of any suspicious-looking nodules. Volunteers who had nodules over 9.7 mm in width, or had growths of 4.6 mm that grew fast enough to more than double in volume every 400 days, were sent for further testing. Of the 196 people who fell into that category, 70 were found to have lung cancer; 10 additional cases were found years later. But of the 2,361 who tested negative during screening, only 20 lung cancer cases later developed. In a second round of screening, done one year after the first,1.8 percent were sent to the doctor because they had a nodule that was large or fast-growing. More than half turned out tO have lung cancer. The result means that if the screening test says you don't have lung cancer, you probably don't, the researchers said. "The chances of finding lung cancer one and two years after a negative first-round test were l in l,000 and 3 in l,000 respectively," they concluded. 41 The new study indicates that in case of small or slow-growing lung nodules A more aggressive testing is a must. B you cannot be too careful. C a biopsy is unnecessary. D cancer is just a matter of time. 42 Which is probably NOT true of lung cancer? A It often goes unnoticed until it has spread. B 159,000 new cases of it are diagnosed in the US each year. C Smokers are usually considered to be at high risk for it. D It is the leading cause of cancer deaths around the world. 43 According to the passage, good guidelines for lung cancer screening A are being implemented. B do not exist yet. C have been developed. D are a little bit too costly. 44 All the following statements are true EXCEPT A all the volunteers were at high risk for lung cancer. B most of the volunteers tested negative during screening. C a relatively small number of the volunteers had large or fast-growing nodules. D almost all those with large or fast-growing nodules were found to have lung cancer. 45 ln the eyes of the researchers, the percentages given in the last paragraph A are pretty small. B are rather high. C are quite unbelievable. D are somewhat inaccurate. 第5 部分:补全短文(第46—50 题，每题2 分，共lo 分) 下面的短文有5 处空白，短文后有6 个句子，其中5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容 将其 分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 The Hope Children's Hospice The Hope Children's Hospice provides free specialist care for children with life-limiting conditions who are not expected to live into adulthood. It cares for up to eight terminally-ill children at one time, and aims to care for them in the same way their families would care for them at home. 1 Life-limiting conditions present many long-term medical and emotional problems-not only for the child, but for parents and siblings too. So the hospice offers respite care-short stays for the child alone or for the whole family together. 2 Short stays give terminally-ill children an opportunity to meet others with similar conditions. Each child at the hospice has their own career and their own care plan. A normal day might start with a jacuzzi bath followed by a massage from a complementary therapist. 3 The hospice has a multi-sensory room. 4 It has touch-screen computers, video games, paddling pools, anti space for wheelchair dancing. Children have music therapy and can record their own music, not only as a way to express their feelings, but to leave something for their family and friends to listen to in the years to come. The hospice has a number of quiet moms where we care for children during and after death. 5 Our support does not end with death. We help not just grieving parents, but also siblings who are experiencing bereavement. We give everyone opportunities to discuss their fears about death and dying. A These are places where families and friends can say goodbye. B Some children go to school, while others play with hospice play specialists. C When families prefer to do the caring themselves, a hospice career will go to their home and help them( D This is a special room which stimulates the children's senses with lights, music, touch, and smell( E They become confused about time, place, and who people are. F At these, times, parents hand over responsibilities to the staff and have a 'holiday’. 第6 部分:完形填空(第51~ 65 题，每题1 分，共15 分) 下面的短文有15 处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1 个最佳选项。 Skin Cancer Melanoma(黑素瘤),the deadliest kind of skin cancer, is now the most common cancer in______(51) British women, the country's leading cancer organization said Wednesday. Skin cancer has _______(52) cervical (子宫颈的)cancer as the top cancer striking women in their 20s, according to the latest data from Cancer Research United Kingdom. The trend is particularly _______(53)since younger people are not generally those most susceptible(易患的)to melanoma: Rates of skin cancer are ______ (54) highest in people over age 75.sed with skin But experts worry that increasing numbers of younger people being diagnosed with skin cancer could be the _____-- (55) of a dangerous trend. Women in their 20s make ______ (56)a small percentage of an patients diagnosed with melanoma in Britain, but nearIy a third of all cases Occur in people younger than 50' Based on current numbers, Cancer Research U.K. predicts that melanoma wm become the fourth ____ (57) common cancer for men and women of all ages by 2024,and that cases will jump from about 9,000 cases a year to more than 15,500. Cancer experts______(58)the rising number of skin cancer cases largely to the surge in people using tanning saIons. “Spending time on sun beds is just as _______ (59)as saying out too long in the sun,”said Caroline Cerny of Cancer Resear U.K. The organization is starting a sun smart ______(60)to warn Britons of the dangers of being too bronzed. “The intensity of ultraviolet rays in some sun beds can be more than 10 _______(61) stronger than the midday sun,” Cerny said. In the United States, several states require parentaI approval _____(62) minors can use tanning salons. Wisconsin bans people 16 and_______(63) from using tanning beds, and others ban children under 1 4. At least 29 states have regulations governing minors' use of tanning salons' In the U.K., Scottish politicians passed legislation banning those under 18 from using tanning beds, though it hasn’t yet been implemented. There are no plans for ______ (64)in the rest of the U.K. The World Health Organization has previously recommended that tanning beds be regulated because of their potential to damage DNA in the skin. Experts said most deadly skin cancers could be______(65) if people took the proper precautions when in the sun and avoided tanning beds ______. 51 A middle-aged B married C young D elderly 52 A overlooked B overseen C overtaken D overwhelmed 53 A encouraging B worrying C misleading D booming 54 A surprisingly B occasionally C hopefully D typically 55 A start B turn C line D point 56 A off B On C to D up 58 A contribute B attribute C associate D allocate 59 A dangerous B exhausting C comfortable D ineffective 60 A campaign B reaction C conquest D execution 61 A steps B degrees C times D ranks 62 A although B until C while D before 63 A less B under C beneath D lower 64 A approval B debate C legislation D caution 65 A avoided B treated C diagnosed D predicted 11 全国职称英语等级考试理工类(A 级)全真模拟试卷三 参考答案 第1部分:词汇选项 1 B 2 D 3 A 4 B 5 A 6 C 7 A 8 B 9 C 10 C 11A 12D 13B 14 A 15 A 此部分不提供答案解析，请同学们自行查词典，并记录和背诵其中不认识的单词。 第2部分:阅读判断 16 A 第一段说，刚退休的人自述健康状况大有改善，大多数人感到年轻了八岁。 17 B 第三段说，工作给年纪大的工作人员的健康有更多压力，第四段又说道，随着年龄的增大， 健康状况迟早是要下降的。可见，年纪大与年纪小是不能同日而语的。 18 C get on with sb 是“与某人相处”的意思。年龄大的工作人员与年龄小的工作人员相处如何， 短文自始至终均未涉及。 19 C 短文自始至终均未谈及欧洲的老龄化问题，更没有与世界其他地区做比较。 20 A 短文第六段说，这项研究调查了15 000 名法国工作人员自述的退休前七年和退休后七年的健 康状况。 21 B 正如前面所说，所有参加者都是法国人。 22 C 短文自始至终并未谈到这一研究成果适用于世界各地这一问题。 第3部分:概括大意与完成句子 23 F 第一段解释了帕金森病是如何产生的，并说明了大脑某些神经细胞、多巴胺、身体的肌肉活动三者之间的关系。 24 D 第二段一开始就说，没有人能够确切知道它的病因，因此只能根据研究列出几个可能的病因:衰老、环境中的毒素以及基因异常等。 25 A 第董段说颤抖是该病最常见的症状，以后随着疾病的进展还可能出现其他症状。 26 C 第四段说目前还没有能治愈该病的方法，但有几种药物可以控制它的症状，减轻它的病情。 27 D 第一段的后半段尤其是最后一句说，没有足够的多巴胺，身体的肌肉就无法随意活动。 28 B 第二段的前半段说，科学家们正在进行大量的研究以寻找帕金森病的确切病因。 29 E 第三段第一句、第二句说，“颤抖是你所发现的该病第一个症状，也是该病最常见的体征之一”。 30 F 第四段第一句、第二句说，“目前还没有能治愈帕金森病的方法，但有几种药物可以控制它的症状，使病人生活轻松一点”。 第2部分:阅读理解 31 C 根据第一段的内容，A、B、D 三个选项在原文中均能找到正确信息的描述。根据第一段中 的“Medical experts now believe that sleep is even more important for health than diet or exercise. ”可 知医学家认为睡眠对于健康的重要性甚至超过了饮食和运动。而C 选项中的“rather than ”表达的 含义是“而不是”，也就是说C 选项的观点是“健康要依赖于好的睡眠，而不是饮食和运动”因此这个选项是对于原文的误读。 32 C 根据第一段的最后一句话可知“花费生命中三分之一时间的睡眠极大地影响着剩余三分之二 醒着的时间”，原因是Sleep affects our emotions, memory, focus, and behavior.也就是说好的睡眠对 于我们的日常生活有很大的积极意义。 33 C 根据第二段中的“... has found that the average length of sleep has gone down from nine hours a night in 1910 to seven-and-a-half hours a night today. ”可知1910 年以后人们的日均睡眠时间下降了 1.5 个小时。 34 C 根据对文章第三、四段的 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 ，A、B、D 三个选项在原文中均能找到正确信息。第四段中 提到“科学家认为睡眠要分为晚上的长睡眠和中午的短睡眠”，之后描述“有一些公司中午给员工 20 分钟的短暂睡眠时间，他们认为这样可以大大提高员工的工作效率”，所以20 分钟的睡眠是一 些公司自己提出的，并没有实际科学依据说明20 分钟的睡眠就能使员工工作更为高效，因此根据 原文C 选项的描述是不正确的。 35 B 根据原文的最后一段可知，冬天和夏天人们的睡眠时间差异是很大的。 36 C 从短文第一段、第二段可以得知，病人用于查询有关跳槽、新车等信息的时间远远超过查询 自己即将做的手术以及给他们做手术的医生的资质的时间。 37 A 从短文题目所暗示的以及短文中的好几处(例如第二段最后一句、第三段最后一句)都可 以看出，现在的病人对于自己的医生过于信任，医生说什么就信什么。 38 C 短文第四段说，内、外科的治疗都属于团队项目，而病人作为治疗过程中的最后决策者， 在团队中自认扮演最为重要的角色。 39 B 短文第五段说，健康的医患关系只靠医生的努力是不够的。病人必须了解自己的医生、疾病和治疗 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 。 40 D 短文最后一段说，信任是重要的，但是知识就是力量。之前，在短文的第四段，作者 提到了盲目信任是要付出代价的。可见，作者是不赞成盲目信任的。 41 C 从第一段和第二段综合来看，这种小结节两年内长成肿瘤的可能性不大，那么就可以避免让病人去做有侵害性的检查，而活体检查就是这样一种检查。 42 B 四个选项中A 项和D 项均出现在第三段第一句，C 项出现在第八段第一句，而B 项所出现的159 000 这个数字是美国每年死于肺癌的人数，不是新诊断出来的肺癌病例。 43 B 第六段说道，由于成本太高和需要做进一步筛查的健康人太多，所以常规的肺癌筛查是不切 实际的，文章后半部分虽然对good guidelines 进行了描述，但其本身还没有完善，也就是“do not exist yet”的意思。 44 D 四个选项中A 项出现在第八段第一句，B 项出现在倒数第三段，C 项出现在倒数第二段第一句，只有D 项是不对的，因为倒数第二段第二句说，只有多一半的人证明是患肺癌，而不是几乎全部的人。 45 A 文章最后一句说，第一轮检查呈阴性之后一年和两年发现肺癌的可能性分别是千分之一和千 分之三，可见这个百分比是很小的。 第5 部分:补全短文 46 C 选项C 的本意是，当这些儿童的家人希望能够亲自照料这些子女时，救济院的看护人员将会上门为其提供帮助，与前句中“为患儿提供家人般的关照”形成呼应。 47 E 该选项意为“他们对于时间、地方以及人们的身份产生了疑惑”。这里他们指的是上文中的患儿和其家人。第二段第一句话中已经显示，在接受长期药物治疗后，患儿和其家人都会出现一定程度上的身心问题j 这句话和前文中的话逻辑衔接，所以答案为选项E。 48 B 上文中提到的患儿一天的治疗安排，是按照从早开始的时间顺序进行的，在介绍完患儿早间的治疗活动后，文章对其一天之后的行为进行解释，而本句话的意思为“一些患儿去上学，另一些则和救济院的游戏专家一起玩”，和上文形成了补充搭配。 49 D 该选项是对救济院特殊的游戏房间进行解释描述的，而最先提及该房间的就是第四段的第一句话，故补充在其后面，对其进行补充说明。 50 A 该选项和上下文呼应，解题线索为下句中提到的“服务不会随着死亡而结束”，从这里可以知道上文提到的房间是关于患儿亡故的，那么这间房子的用途就是该选项所描述的“为患儿亲属提供一个对其进行最后告别的场所”。 第6 部分:完形填空 51 C 本段稍后出现的women in their 20s 为回答本题提供了很好的线索。 52 C 二十来岁的女性过去罹患宫颈癌的人数最多，而现在皮肤癌却超过了宫颈癌。本句中 的as the top cancer 也提示了我们选择overtaken。 53 B 这一趋势尤其令人担心是因为通常年轻人不是最易患黑素瘤的人群。后面since 引导的从句也可起到提示作用。 54 D 通常皮肤癌高发人群应为75 岁以上的老人。四个选项中只有D 项在这里说得通。 55 A 专家们担心越来越多的年轻女子被诊断患有皮肤癌可能是一种危险趋势的开始。四个选项中只有A 项才符合上下文的意思。 56 D make up 原意为“组成、构成”，此处make up a small percentage 意为“所占的百分比很小”。 57 B 既然已经排到第四位，那么选most 就最合适，其他选项意思上也说不通。 58 B 四个选项中attribute 最恰当，attribute*..to.*.意为“把,,归咎于,,”。 59 A 从上下文给我们的提示，加上常识上的判断，A 项才是正确答案。 60A 四个选项中只有A 项在意思上才说得通。 61 C 有些日光浴浴床的紫外线强度要比正午太阳的紫外线强度高10 倍还多。从上下文及四个选 项中可以很容易地选出times 来。 62 D 在美国，有些州要求，未成年人日光浴之前必须征得父母同意。可见，选择before 最恰当。 63 B 表示“16 岁及以下年龄”英语用“16 and under”。 64 C 上句说，“在大不列颠，只有苏格兰已经通过立法禁止18 岁以下的人使用日光浴浴床”，后面一定是说“而在其他地区则还没有这种立法计划”。 65 A 从上下文可以推定，作者在这里想说的是“如果人们在太阳光下采取适当的预防 措施 《全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观全国民用建筑工程设计技术措施》规划•建筑•景观软件质量保证措施下载工地伤害及预防措施下载关于贯彻落实的具体措施 并避免 使用日光浴浴床，那么最致命的皮肤癌是可以避免的”。