新视野英语教程(读写教程第二版)第二册课文翻译

The First McDonald's Restaurant Even though the first McDonald's restaurant sold only hamburgers and French fries, it still became a cultural symbol. Now, in the Southern California city of Downey, people are trying to save the first McDonald's restaurant in history.McDonald's, though, says the building should be torn down. Built in 1953, the restaurant in Downey, California, is the oldest of all the Golden Arches in America, and has the earliest McDonald's building design. Many people have good memories of that old McDonald's.These people are angry that the building is now in danger of being destroyed, along with their memories. McDonald's explains that the building was damaged in an earthquake, and therefore needs to be torn down. Many people in the town of Downey don't agree with this line of thinking, though. One woman says, "I think it's terrible. They are using the earthquake as an excuse. It's a big lie." Another Downey resident remarks, "I am so upset. They don't respect the public at all. They haven't even tried. They could do some small repairs and make it a good restaurant again." McDonald's managers say the restaurant is losing money at that location. There is no room for a drive-thru window, or for seating inside.After the earthquake, they say it was impossible to fix.The managers want to build a copy of this building at another location instead. Building inspectors, on the other hand, say that the structure can be repaired, but that it will be expensive. Many people say that McDonald's can certainly afford to pay that amount.Some think that McDonald's real reason for wanting to close down the restaurant has nothing to do with money. Modern McDonald's restaurants often have a sign claiming that a man named Ray Kroc opened the first McDonald's restaurant in Illinois in 1955. The truth, however, is that Mr. Kroc actually learned the fast food business from Dick and Mac McDonald in Downey.Later, Mr. Kroc bought their restaurants.Thus, many people in Downey think McDonald's is trying to change history, though the company denies this. To local historians, this explanation makes total sense. One historian said, "We should not rewrite the past. Ray Kroc did not invent McDonald's. The McDonald brothers did." These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places so that the city of Downey will be able to stop McDonald's from tearing the building down. The McDonald's managers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure. Everyone hopes that the McDonald's managers and the people of Downey will soon find peace. The building is still there, but boards cover the windows.Even so, people drive by to remember their McDonald's, taking pictures of a moment in history before it gets taken away. 第一家麦当劳餐馆 虽说第一家麦当劳餐馆只售汉堡包和薯条，它还是成为了一种文化象征。如今，在加州南部唐尼市，人们正努力保住历史上第一家麦当劳餐馆。然而，麦当劳却称这幢房子应该拆掉。 坐落于加州唐尼的这家餐馆建于1953年，是美国所有带双拱形金色标志的建筑中历史最久的，它的 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 也是麦当劳最早的建筑设计。 许多人对那家老餐馆有着美好的回忆。这些人想到餐馆连同他们美好的回忆一起将被摧毁，感到很气愤。 麦当劳方面解释说，那家老店在一次地震中遭到损坏，因此必须拆掉。不过，唐尼的许多人却不同意这种说法。 有位女士说：“我认为这件事太可怕了。他们在利用那次地震作借口。这是一个极大的谎言。 另一位唐尼市居民说：“我非常难过。他们一点也不尊重公众的意见，甚至都没试着这样做。他们可以稍加修理，使它再成为一家好餐馆。” 麦当劳的经理们说餐馆设在那个位置一直在亏本。那儿没有地方可以开辟“免下车外卖窗口”，里面也没有地方安排座位。他们说，那次地震后这个餐馆就没办法修了。不过那些经理们想在其他位置按原餐馆再仿造一家。 但是房屋检修人员说该建筑是可以修理的，不过费用很高。许多人说这个费用麦当劳当然承受得起。有人认为麦当劳想关闭这家餐馆的真正原因与金钱无关。 现代的麦当劳餐馆常常有一个牌子，声称有个叫雷·克罗克的男人于1955年在伊利诺伊州创办了首家麦当劳餐馆。然而事实是，克罗克先生的快餐生意实际上是从唐尼市的迪克·麦当劳和麦克·麦当劳那里学来的。后来克罗克先生买下了他们的餐馆。因此，尽管公司竭力否认，唐尼镇的许多人还是认为麦当劳是想篡改历史。 在当地的历史学家看来，这种解释颇有道理。有位历史学家说：“历史不容篡改。雷·克罗克没有创建麦当劳。创建麦当劳的是麦氏兄弟。” 这些天来，一群历史学家希望将该处建筑列入国家历史文物保护单位名册，这样，唐尼镇就能使麦当劳免遭拆除。麦当劳的经理们非常恼火，因而将房屋弃置一旁。 人人都希望麦当劳经理们与唐尼的居民很快达成一致。房子仍在，但窗子用木板封了起来。即便如此，人们仍开车前来纪念他们的麦当劳，想抢在它被拆除前拍照留念，留下历史上的珍贵     Our Changing Lifestyle: Trends and Fads These days, lifestyles have a tendency to change so fast. It is more than just clothing and hairstyles that are in style one year and out of date the next; it's a whole way of living. One year, people wear hats and blue jeans; they drink white wine and eat at Japanese restaurants; for exercise they run several miles a day.The next year, however, everything has changed:women wear long skirts; people drink expensive water from France, and eat at Italian restaurants; everyone seems to be exercising at health clubs. Almost nothing in modern life gets away from the influence of fashion: food, music, exercise, books, languages, movies, furniture, and even names go in and out of fashion.The interests that people follow can change very quickly. In the United States, even people can be "in" or "out". Americans enjoy following the lives of famous people: actors, sports heroes, well-known artists, politicians, and the like.But Americans also pay a lot of attention to people who have no special ability at all. In 1981, for example, an unknown elderly woman appeared in a TV advertisement in which she looked at a very small hamburger and complained loudly, "Where's the beef?" These three words made her famous. Suddenly she appeared in magazines and newspapers, and on TV shows.She was immediately popular. She was "in".However, this kind of fame does not last long.Such people are famous for a very short time—they are fads. What causes such fads to come and go? Although clothing designers influence fads in fashion because they want to make money, this desire for money doesn't explain fads in other areas, such as language. For example, why have teenagers in the past twenty-five years used—at different times—the words groovy or awesome in conversation instead of simply saying wonderful? According to an expert in popular culture, people who follow fads are not foolish or vain; they simply want to be part of something new and creative. Fads are not limited to the United States, however. Fads are common in any country that has a strong economy (e.g. Britain, Japan, and Germany).However, in the United States, there is an additional reason for fads: most Americans seem to feel that something is wrong if there isn't frequent change in their lives. It's sometimes difficult to see the difference between a fad and a trend.A fad lasts a very short time and is not very important. A social trend, however, survives a long time and becomes a true part of modern culture.The use of personal computers, for example, is a trend; a fad, on the other hand, could be the use of certain types of computer games. Who knows what changes in lifestyle will happen next? 我们不断变化的生活方式：潮流和时尚 如今，生活方式有种迅速变化的趋势。迅速变化的不仅仅只是一年流行而第二年就过时的服饰和发型，而是整个生活方式。 曾几何时，人们戴帽子，穿牛仔裤，喝白葡萄酒，到日本餐馆就餐，每天跑几英里健身。但到了第二年，所有这一切都变了：妇女们穿长裙，人们喝昂贵的法国进口水，到意大利餐馆就餐，似乎每个人都在健身俱乐部里锻炼身体。 现代生活中几乎没有什么能逃过时尚的影响：食品、音乐、运动、书籍、语言、电影、家具，甚至名字都会经历时髦或者过时的过程。人们追随的兴趣爱好会很快地改变。 在美国，甚至人也可以变得时尚或者过时。美国人喜欢追随名人的生活方式：演员、体育明星、著名艺人、政治家等。但是美国人也十分注意一点特殊才能都没有的人。比如，1981年，一位名不见经传的老妇人出现在一个电视广告里，她看着一只很小的汉堡包，大声抱怨道：“牛肉呢？” 这三个字使她成了名。一时之间，她在杂志、报纸和电视上频频亮相，一下子大受欢迎，成了时尚。但是，这种名声并不持久。这种人只是在很短的一段时间里为众人所知——他们只是时尚。 是什么使这种时尚来得快也去得快？尽管时装设计师影响时装潮流为的是赚钱，但这种赚钱的欲望并不能解释其他方面的时尚，例如语言。比如，为什么青少年在过去25年里的不同时代中，谈话时使用“groovy（帅呆了）”或者“awesome（太棒了）”这样的词，而不只说“wonderful（好极了）”了呢？据一位流行文化专家说，追随时尚的人并不是愚蠢或爱慕虚荣；他们只是想成为富有创造性的新事物的一部分。 不过，时尚并不只是美国才有。任何经济强国（如英国、日本、德国）都有时尚。但是，在美国，时尚发生另有原因：大多数美国人似乎觉得，如果他们的生活没有发生频繁的变化，那一定有什么地方不对劲了。 有时候很难区别时尚和潮流。时尚持续时间很短，也不太重要。但是一种社会潮流能长时间存在，并且真正成为现代文化的一部分。比如说，使用个人电脑是一种潮流，而使用某种电脑游戏只可能成为一种时尚。 谁知道今后的生活方式又会发生什么样的变化呢？     My First Job My first real long-term job, though, was at a local diner called Mel's Place. I worked there for seven years and learned so many lessons, especially from a fellow waitress. Helen was in her 60s, had red hair, and tons of self-respect—something I was really lacking.I looked up to Helen because she was doing what she loved—serving people—and nobody did it better. She made everyone smile and feel good, customers and fellow-workers alike. I also learned how important it is to take pride in life's little achievements: when I helped out in the kitchen, for example, nothing made me feel better than preparing the eggs and serving them just the way the customers wanted. Being a waitress really changed my life. One of my regular customers, Fred Hasbrook, a salesman, always ate the same thing every day. As soon as I saw him walking towards the diner, I would put his order in without him even needing to ask. Thanks to the confidence I picked up from Helen, I dreamed of having my own restaurant one day. Unfortunately, when I called my parents to ask them to lend me the money, they said, "We just don't have it." The next day, Fred saw me and asked, "What's wrong, Sunshine? You're not smiling today." I shared my dream with him and said, "Fred, I know I could do so much more if somebody would just have faith in me." He walked over to some of the other regulars at the diner, and then gave me $50,000 the very next day—along with a note that I still have. It reads, "Good people with a dream should have the opportunity to make it come true." I quickly went to a bank, where the money was invested for me. In the meantime, I continued working at the diner, making plans for the restaurant I would one day open.Sadly, the money was not invested well, and I lost it all. At that time, I found myself thinking about what it would be like to be a stockbroker, and decided to apply for a job at the bank. Even though I had no experience, I was hired and ended up doing quite well. Eventually, I even paid Fred and my customers back the $50,000, plus 14-percent annual interest.Five years later, I was able to open my own firm. Recently, I received a thank-you note from Fred that will forever be printed on my heart. He had been sick, and wrote that the money I sent him had helped to cover his mounting medical bills.His letter read, "I'm so glad I invested in you." I'm so glad I had that first job. 我的第一份工作 我第一份真正长久的工作其实是在本地的一个叫“梅尔之家”的小餐馆当服务员。我在那儿干了七年，学到很多东西，尤其是从一位女服务员海伦那里学到了很多。海伦六十多岁，红头发，自尊心很强——这是我当时真正缺乏的东西。我敬佩海伦，因为她在做她所热爱的事——接待顾客——而且没人比她做得更好。她使每一个人，无论是顾客还是同事，都面带笑意，心情愉快。 我还学到了重要的一点，那就是为生活中取得的小小成就感到自豪。比如，我在厨房里帮忙的时候，没有什么比完全按照顾客希望的方式做好鸡蛋、给他们端上更让我感到高兴的了。 当女服务员确实改变了我的一生。我的一个常客，弗雷德·哈斯布鲁克，是个推销员，他每天总是吃同样的东西。我一看到他朝小餐馆走来，就会把他想点的东西准备好，他甚至都不需要开口。 因为从海伦那里学到了自信，我梦想着有一天能拥有自己的餐馆。可惜，当我打电话向我父母借钱时，他们说：“我们实在没钱。” 第二天，弗雷德见了我，问道：“出什么事了，阳光女孩？今天没见你笑。”我把我的梦想告诉了他，说：“弗雷德，我知道，只要有人相信我，我还能做很多事情。” 他向小餐馆的其他几个常客走去，第二天就交给我50,000美元，还有一张我至今还保留着的纸条，上面写着：“拥有梦想的好人应该有机会让梦想成真。” 我很快去了一家银行，这家银行替我拿这笔钱做投资。与此同时，我一边继续在小餐馆工作，一边盘算着自己开店。让我难过的是，这笔钱投资失败，我血本无回。 就在这时，我开始考虑去试着做一个股票经纪人，于是决定申请一份银行的工作。我虽然没有经验，但还是被雇用了，并且做得非常好。后来，我甚至还把50,000美元还给了弗雷德和其他顾客，外加每年14%的利息。五年后，我终于有能力开了自己的公司。 最近，我收到弗雷德的一封感谢信，这封信将永远地印在我的心上。前一阵他病了，并说是我寄给他的钱帮他支付了拖欠的医疗费。他在信里说：“我真高兴当时在你身上投资。” 我真高兴当时做了那第一份工作。     Father Dearest My father and I were watching a video in which my two-year-old nephew, Cameron, ran into view with a spoon sticking out of his mouth. "He'll trip, and that spoon will go right into his throat," my father said with worry. Like most parents, Dad has always tried to protect his children.As a doctor, too, he is especially conscious of the many dangers surrounding us. I remember having dinner at a friend's house once, and being surprised that nobody said a word about food poisoning. At home, "Did you wash your hands?" was spoken at every single meal. Restaurants, Dad warned, presented many risks—from careless waiters who might drop hot coffee onto your head, to employees who didn't wash their hands. Fashion, too, could be dangerous, according to my father. A few years ago, he took away my coat because he said I hadn't had it made right.When I asked him about it, Dad put the coat on to show me how serious the problem was. "Look—it's too long, even on me. And this material is so heavy that it would pull you down." "I have never heard of anyone being injured by too heavy a coat." "Do you want to be the first? Just cut it off here," he said, drawing his hand across his knees. Fashion was only one of the many dangers from which we had to guard ourselves. To this day, when I walk within yards of tree branches, I pause and hear Dad's voice: "Watch your eyes!" Of course, as children, we did not always listen to Dad. We had our broken bones, car accidents, and illnesses—some of which might have been avoided if we had followed his advice. When my brothers and sisters and I talk about the old days, we recall Dad's telling us not to jump too hard and high while playing sports because of the possibility of backbone injury, and the driving directions he gave us with as few left turns as possible. Now, we find ourselves giving similar warnings: we phone my younger brother to tell him that we read about someone dying from poisoning, or my younger sister to warn her about the high lead content of certain window coverings. Now, too, Dad has a new generation to guide. His grandchildren have caught on quickly, knowing to shake their fingers and say, "That's dangerous!" at the sight of cleaning products. "That's too big a bite—be careful," three-year-old Margaret tells her two-year-old sister at the holiday dinner table. As everyone is leaving, we all laugh when my niece says goodbye to Dad: "Be careful, Poppa!" After each weekend visit at my parents' home, I have my father drop me off at the quiet train station for my trip back to Manhattan. As I wait, I can see his car in the parking lot; I know that he is watching to see that I board safely. When I am seated, I watch him drive off, wanting, as I do more and more often now, to protect him from the world's sharp edges, the way he always tried to protect us. I wish I could give him the reassurance his worrying and caring have given me. As the train pulls away, I say quietly, "Be careful, Dad." 最亲爱的父亲 我和父亲在看录像，这时画面上出现了我两岁的侄子卡梅伦，嘴里叼着一只勺子。“要是绊倒的话，勺子会戳进他的喉咙的，”父亲担心地说。 和大多数父母一样，父亲一直在努力保护着他的孩子们。作为医生，他对我们身边的危险也特别敏感。 记得有一次在朋友家吃饭，竟然没有一个人提及同食物中毒有关的字眼，我感到奇怪。如果在家里，每顿饭都会有人问 “你洗手了吗？” 父亲告诫我们说，在饭店就餐会面临许多危险——粗心的服务员可能会把滚烫的咖啡打翻在你头上，饭店员工们可能没洗过手，等等。 在父亲看来，时装也会有危险。几年前，他拿走了我的大衣，因为他说那大衣做得不对劲。我问他怎么不对劲，他穿上大衣，向我 说明 关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书 问题有多严重： “看，我穿着都太长。而且这料子还这么重，会把你压坏的。” “我可从没听说过有人因大衣太重而受伤的。” “你想成为第一个吗？要从这儿剪掉。”父亲说着用手在他的膝盖处比划了一下。 时装只是我们必须提防的许多危险之一。直到现在，当走到离树枝尚有数码之遥时，我仍会停下来，耳边似乎又响起了父亲的声音：“当心戳到眼睛！” 当然，我们小时候并不总是听父亲的话。我们曾经摔断过骨头、出过交通事故、生过病。如果我们听从父亲劝告的话，有些意外是可以避免的。 当我和兄妹们聊起过去的时候，我们会回想起父亲叫我们运动时不要跳得太猛太高，因为这样可能会使脊柱受伤。他给我们的开车路线总是尽量避免左转弯。如今，我们发觉自己也常常像父亲那样告诫别人。我们会打电话给弟弟，告诉他我们读到了有人中毒死亡的新闻，或者打电话给妹妹，提醒她某种窗帘的含铅量很高。 现在，父亲又可以教导新一代人了。他的孙子孙女们领会得很快，看见洗涤用品，他们知道摇摇手指说：“那很危险！”假日晚餐上，三岁的玛格丽特跟两岁的妹妹说：“你一口吃得太多了。小心点儿。”分别时，我侄女这样同我父亲说再见：“保重，爷爷！”我们听后都笑了起来。 每周末去父母家拜访后，父亲会开车把我送到一个宁静的火车站乘火车回曼哈顿。候车时，我可以看见他的车还在停车场里。我知道他要看着我安全上车。 上火车坐定后，我会看着他开车离去。我越来越希望用他努力保护我们的那种方式来保护他，使他不受各种危险的伤害。他的挂念和关心给了我一种安心的感觉，我也希望自己同样能给他带来这种安心的感觉。 火车开动了，我默默地说：“爸爸，保重。”