英制键标准(键和键槽及锥形销[1][1][1] 键和键槽规范BS_46

英制键标准(键和键槽及锥形销[1][1][1] 键和键槽 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 BS_46 BRITISH STANDARDCONFIRMEDOCTOBER1985BS46-1:1958Incorporating Amendment Nos.12 and3Specification forKeys and keywaysUDC 621.886.8Licensed Copy: London South Bank University London South Bank University Sun Aug 13 16:12:00 BST 2006 Uncontrolled Copy c BSIBS46-1:1958This British Standard having been approved by the MechanicalEngineering IndustryStandards Committee and endorsed by theChairman ofthe EngineeringDivisional Councilwas published under theauthority ofthe GeneralCouncil on30 May 1958?? BSI 01-2000First published as BS46 September1909First revision as BS46-1 October1924Second revision April1929Third revision February 1953Fourth revision May1958The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:—Committee references MEE/4 MEE/4/4Draft for comment CXMEE6855ISBN 0 580 35582 9Co-operating organizationsThe Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations:—AdmiraltyHigh Commission of IndiaAir MinistryInstitute of Marine EngineersAssociated Officers’ Technical CommitteeInstitute of PetroleumAssociation of Consulting EngineersInstitution of Civil EngineersIncorporatedInstitution of Gas EngineersBritish Chemical Plant Manufacturers’Institution of Heating and VentilatingAssociationEngineersBritish Compressed Air SocietyInstitution of Mechanical EngineersBritish Electrical and Allied Manufacturers’Institution of Mechanical EngineersAssociationAutomobile DivisionBritish Engineers’ AssociationInstitution of Production EngineersBritish Gear Manufacturers’ AssociationLocomotive and Allied Manufacturers’British Internal Combustion EngineAssociation of Great BritainManufacturers’ AssociationMachine Tool Trades AssociationBritish Iron and Steel FederationMinistry of Labour and National ServiceBritish Railways The British TransportFactory InspectorateCommissionMinistry of PowerCrown Agents for Oversea Governments andMinistry of SupplyAdministrationsMinistry of Transport and Civil AviationD.S.I.R. — Mechanical Engineering ResearchMinistry of WorksLaboratoryNational Coal BoardElectricity Council the Generating Board andNational Physical Laboratory D.S.I.R.Area Boards in England and WalesRadio Industry CouncilEngineering Equipment Users’ AssociationWar OfficeGas CouncilThe organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list together with the following were directly represented on the Committee entrusted with the preparation of this standard:—Association of Crane MakersKeymakers’ AssociationBright Steel Bar AssociationMilling Cutter and Reamer AssociationBritish Cycle and Motor Cycle Industries’North East Coast Institution of Engineers andAssociationShipbuildersBritish Internal Combustion Engine ResearchSociety of British Aircraft ConstructorsAssociationSteelworks Plant AssociationBritish Shipbuilding Research AssociationTaper Pin Manufacturers’ AssociationGauge and Tool Makers’ AssociationInstitution of Engineers and Shipbuilders inScotlandAmendments issued since publicationAmd. No.Date of issueCommentsPD 3375May 1959PD 4022January 1961PD 5124January 1964Indicated by a sideline in the marginLicensed Copy: London South Bank University London South Bank University Sun Aug 13 16:12:00 BST 2006 Uncontrolled Copy c BSIBS46-1:1958?? BSI 01-2000iContentsPageCo-operating organizationsInside front coverForewordii1Scope12Materials13The application of keys and keyways1a Parallel keys1b Taper keys1c Tangential keys2d Woodruff keys24Dimensions and tolerances of parallel and taper keys and keyways25Dimensions and tolerances of Woodruff keys and keyways36Dimensions of tangential keys and keyways167Dimensions of keys and keyways for marine tailshafts178Keys and keyways for tapered shaft ends19Appendix A Preferred lengths of keys20Appendix B Approximate equivalents of metric and inch units22Figure 1 — Variation in keyway depth in taper shaft19Figure 2 — Types of key and position of keyway in shaft18Table 1 — Rectangular parallel keys keyways and keybars4Table 2 — Square parallel keys keyways and keybars6Table 3 — Rectangular taper keys and keyways gib-head or plain9Table 4 — Square taper keys and keyways gib-head or plain10Table 5 — Woodruff keys and keyways12Table 6 — Comparison of Woodruff key numbers Whitney British andAmerican14Table 7 — Tangential keys16Table 8 — Rectangular parallel keys for marine tailshafts17Table 9 — Preferred lengths of plain keys rectangular or squaresection parallel or taper20Table10 — Preferred lengths of gib-head keys rectangularor square section21Licensed Copy: London South Bank University London South Bank University Sun Aug 13 16:12:00 BST 2006 Uncontrolled Copy c BSIBS46-1:1958ii?? BSI 01-2000ForewordThis standard makes reference to the following British Standards:BS308 Engineering drawing practice. BS350 Conversion factors and tables. BS970 Wrought steels. BS1916 Limits and fits for engineering. The standardization of keys and keyways was first considered by the Engineering Standards Committee the original name and form of the present BSI. As a result Standard Specification No.46 dealing only with rectangular parallel keys keybars and keyways was published in 1909.In subsequent revisions other types of keys were added to the standard and Parts2 and3 of BS46 were prepared for parallel splines and taper pins respectively. Parts2 and3 have since been further revised and Part2 has been published as BS2059.This revision of BS46-1 for Keys and keyways has been prepared under the authority of The Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee in response to requests for larger manufacturing tolerances. The various types of keys and keyways now have consistent dimensions and tolerances for each size as far as possible and this will enable a standard range of cutters to be used for the machining of the various types of keyways. The increased tolerances recommended in this standard may entail more fitting of keys into keyways than was envisaged in the1953 edition. This is inevitable with an increase in tolerance on the keys and keyways. Careful consideration has been given to various requests for increases in tolerances and also for decreases in tolerances but the Committee have come to the conclusion that the tolerances now given are those most acceptable to industry at the present time.The Committee responsible for this revision of BS46-1 gave earnest consideration to the specification of limits and fits to BS1916 for the keys and keyways specified. It was decided not to introduce these limits and fits as the key and keyway standard does not represent finished articles for prescribed conditions of assembly. It recommends dimensions and tolerances from which required fits can be obtained by fitting to meet most design requirements. The Committee was influenced in reaching this decision by the absence of a standard range of cutters for machining to BS1916 and the non-availability of keybar to these limits at the time the revision of this standard was being prepared. This decision will be reviewed in the light of circumstances existing when further revision is contemplated.The principle of the dimensions and tolerances recommended is to provide for each key to be retained in the shaft rather more securely than in the mating hub but this can be varied to meet special applications within the dimensional limits recommended in this standard.The tables of preferred key lengths given in Appendix A have been revised to conform with present-day requirements and the key sizes have been brought into accord with Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 and Table 4.Whilst the details of radii and chamfers are not a mandatory part of this specification the recommendations shown are in graduated steps of nominal value instead of by formulae as with the formulae of former issues a special cutter radius was required for each size of keyway. Each radius recommended now applies to a range of keyway sizes.Owing to the difficulties of obtaining keybar in thirty-seconds of inch keys formerly of these sizes have been replaced by those which are more readily available. Minor changes in the range of shaft sizes have been made to accommodate this.Licensed Copy: London South Bank University London South Bank University Sun Aug 13 16:12:00 BST 2006 Uncontrolled Copy c BSIBS46-1:1958?? BSI 01-2000iiiThe revised table for keys and keyways for marine tailshafts has been compiled by the British Shipbuilding Research Association from a survey of the current practice of British shipbuilding and marine engineering firms and from theoretical and experimental studies.The table of Woodruff keys and keyways has been extended into the range of smaller sizes to meet requirements for instrument and similar purposes. To facilitate the changeover to the recommended Woodruff key designation as shown in Table 5 the obsolete key and cutter numbers have been given in Table 6.The notes relating to keys and keyways for tapered shaft ends have been retained unaltered.A requirement has been stated for tangential keys and the Type A tangential key of the1929 issue of BS46 has been reinserted in this revision.A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover an inside front cover pages i to iv pages1to24 an inside back cover and a back cover.This standard has been updated see copyright date and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.Licensed Copy: London South Bank University London South Bank University Sun Aug 13 16:12:00 BST 2006 Uncontrolled Copy c BSIivblankLicensed Copy: London South Bank University London South Bank University Sun Aug 13 16:12:00 BST 2006 Uncontrolled Copy c BSIBS46-1:1958?? BSI 01-200011 ScopeThis British Standard relates to the following:a Rectangular parallel keys and keyways.b Square parallel keys and keyways.c Rectangular taper keys and keyways plain and gib-head.d Square taper keys and keyways plain and gib-head.e Woodruff keys and keyways.f Tangential keys and keyways.g Keys and keyways for marine tailshafts.h Keys and keyways for tapered shaft ends.Decimal values in the tables have been rounded off to three significant figures.NOTEThis specification is based on British units. For the convenience of users approximate equivalents in metric units are given in Appendix B. More accurate conversions should be obtained from the tables in BS350 “Conversion factors and tables”.2 Materialsa Keys and keybar complying with Table 1 to Table 7 of this British Standard shall be manufactured from steel to En6A En8 or En9 of BS970 “Wrought Steels” and those complying with Table 8 from steel to En4 or En5. It is recommended that En6A and En8 steels should be cold drawn for keys in sections up to2in. square and hot rolled En8 in condition NGC1 Normalized for larger sections and that En9 steels should not be cold drawn for keys of sections larger than in. square.b Bright keybar is not normally available in sections over1quot in.3 The application of keys and keywaysAs it is not possible to foresee the combination of design considerations for any given application the selection of the proper type of key must rest with the design authority. The following are general recommendations for use when circumstances permit and when keying is preferred to other methods of transmitting torque e.g.splines.a Parallel keys. For use for transmitting unidirectional torques on transmissions not subject to heavy starting loads and where periodic withdrawal or sliding of the hub member may be required. In many instances particularly couplings a gib-head cannot be accommodated and there is insufficient room to drift out the key from behind. In these cases it is necessary to withdraw the component over the key and a parallel key is essential. Parallel square and rectangular keys are normally side fitting with top clearance and are usually retained in the shaft rather more securely than in the hub.i Rectangular. The general purpose key for shafts greater than1 in. diameter.ii Square. For use with shafts up to and including1 in. diameter or for shafts up to6in. diameter where it is desirable to have a greater key depth than is provided by rectangular keys.In cases of stepped shafts the larger diameters are usually required by considerations other than torque e.g.resistance to bending. Where components such as fans gears impellers etc. are attached to the larger shaft diameter the use of a key smaller than standard for that diameter may be permissible. As this results in unequal disposition of the key in the shaft and its related hub the dimensions H and h must be recalculated to maintain the T/2 relationship.b Taper keys. For transmitting heavy unidirectional reversing or vibrating torques and in applications where periodic withdrawal of the key may be a necessity.For transmitting unidirectional torques taper keys are top fitting but may be top and side fitting where required.For transmitting reversing or vibratory torques taper keys may be top and side fitting where required. In this case the keyway in the hub should have the same width value as the keyway in the shaft i.e.Columns8 and9 of Table 3 and Table 4.Licensed Copy: London South Bank University London South Bank University Sun Aug 13 16:12:00 BST 2006 Uncontrolled Copy c BSIBS46-1:19582?? BSI 01-2000Taper keys cannot be used in applications requiring a sliding hub member.i Rectangular and square. Taper keys of rectangular section are for general purposes and are of less depth than square keys.Taper keys of square section are for use with shafts up to and including1in. diameter or for shafts up to6in. diameter where it is desirable to have greater key depth.ii Gib-head. Gib-heads are provided to facilitate the withdrawal of keys.iii Plain. Where little or no protuberance is permissible.c Tangential keys. For the transmission of reversing torque usually under conditions of heavy loading.d Woodruff keys. For light applications or angular location of associated parts on tapered shaft ends.These keys are not recommended for other applications but if so used corner radii in the shaft and hub keyways are advisable to reduce stress concentration.4 Dimensions and tolerances of parallel and taper keys and keywaysThe dimensions and tolerances for key and keyway widths given in Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 and Table 4 are based on the width of the key W and provide a fitting allowance. The fitting allowance is designed to permit an interference between the key and the shaft keyway and a slightly easier condition between the key and the hub keyway.The maximum and minimum values in Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 and Table 4 are based on the following: a Parallel keys and keyways.i The dimensions and tolerances for side-fitting keys of rectangular parallel section and for the appropriate keybar and keyways shall be as given in Table 1.ii The dimensions and tolerances for side-fitting keys of square parallel section and for the appropriate keybar and keyways shall be as given in Table 2.b Taper keys and keyways.i The dimensions and tolerances for taper keys of rectangular section with or without gib-heads shall be as given in Table 3. See also Clause3b.ii The dimensions and tolerances for taper keys of square section with or without gib-heads shall be as given in Table 4. See also Clause3b.iii The basic taper for all taper keys and keyways in hubs shall be1 in100.c Depth of keyways. The depth of the keyway shall be obtained by measuring from the circumference of the shaft diametrically opposite or from the bore of the hub to the root of the keyway along the centre line diametrically opposite and shall not be measured from the side corner. The method of dimensioning keyways in shafts and hubs on drawings should conform to the recommendations of BS308“Engineering drawing practice.” To obtain the.