南京景点英语介绍

南京景点英语介绍 Ming Palace Ruins(明故宫遗址) This park is located on the site of the former palace of Zhu Yuanzhang, first Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Built from 1366-84 it was apparently a very impressive palace. There were the Imperial Ancestral Temple, the state altar and all facilities of the imperial palace. When Zhu Di moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing, he built Beijing Imperial Palace in imitation of Ming Palace in Nanjing. Ming Palace was destroyed in the war at the end of the Qing Dynasty. Now what remain are only some carved stones, building foundation, column base. The Presidential Palace (总统府) The Presidential Palace building cluster was constructed during the first year of the Ming dynasty and served as palace of Interim President Dr. Sun Yat-sen, and seat of the civil government and the Presidential Palace. It has undergone 600 hundred years of historical upheaval and has tremendous cultural and historical value. Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall(南京大屠杀纪念馆) A museum and memorial spot for the most shocking incident in Nanjing history: a six-week killing spree carried out by the Japanese Army during World War II. The solemn complex is built on a site where the invaders executed Chinese civilians, or sometimes even buried them alive. In one hall, visitors can see the excavated skeletons from a mass-burial. The remains and evidence of the massacre, including photos, documents, weaponry and testimonies of survivors, are displayed in a two-story museum. Nanjing Library，南京图书馆， It is the third largest library in China with over 7 million items. It houses important scientific, cultural and arts literature relating to Jiangsu province and other national historical records such as ancient Chinese and foreign publications. The library contains 1.6 million ancient books and 100,000 volumes of books, documents and manuscripts (including Buddhist scriptures) dating from the Tang Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty. The Second Historical Archives of China(中国南京第二历史档案馆) The Second Historical Archives of China (SHAC), preserving the original records of previous central government and their subordinate organs during 1912--1949 period, was founded in February, 1951 and is located at 309 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing. The mission of the SHAC is to collect, preserve, arrange, catalogue, compile, and facilitate the use of the holdings of the Archives. The SHAC is equipped with photography, photocopying, and computer equipment. The holdings include records of the Nanjing Provisional Government and the Southern Revolutionary Government, records of the Beijing National Government, records of Puppet Regimes and records of famous persons. Nanjing City Wall(南京明城垣史博物馆) Nanjing City Wall is one of the key historical and cultural remains of Ming Dynasty(1386) under state protection. It is a masterpiece of China's ancient architecture. With an original perimeter of about 35 kilometers (22miles), the City Wall has a height 14-21 meters (46-67 feet). The City Wall is made up of four parts. From the outside first there is Outer City, Inner City, Imperial City and Palace City. The City Wall we can see today is mainly the relic of the Inner City. The City Wall of Nanjing was designed by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang (1368–1398) after he founded the Ming Dynasty(1368–1644) and established Nanjing as the capital 600 years ago. To consolidate his sovereignty and keep out invaders, he adopted the suggestions to build a higher city wall, to collect grains and to postpone the coronation. Then, he started to build the city wall. It took 21 years to complete, and used 200,000 laborers to move 7 million cubic meters of earth. The City Wall of Nanjing was among the largest city walls ever constructed in China, and today it remains in good condition and has been well preserved. Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s mausoleum (中山陵) The mausoleum of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the democratic revolution pioneer in modern China, is considered the Holy land of Chinese people both home and abroad. The mausoleum along with its affiliating memorial building, occupies a total surface area of more than 80,000 square meters, which may be found in the Bell Mountain Scenic Area in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing. Dr. Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925) was a great forerunner of the Chinese democratic revolution and led by Dr. Sun the Chinese people brought down the corrupt rule of the Qing Dynasty in 1911 and ended 2000 years of the feudal monarchy system, which led the people into a new age. The entire complex is built alongside Purple Mountain, with the main buildings aligned along a central axis. Abird’s-eye view shows a“freedombell”lying flat on a fluffy green carpet, symbolizing the noble spirit and heroic efforts of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's devotion to the Chinese people, fight of oppression and wining the independence of the country. The mausoleum is an architectural masterpiece and has been praised for decades as the best mausoleum in the contemporary architectural history of China. The Yun Brocade Museum，南京云锦博物馆， . Yunjin is a kind of brocade, a type of richly decorative shuttle-woven fabric, often made in colored silks with gold and silver threads. Its elegant and refined design with beautiful colors is reminiscent of clouds in the sky, so it is named "Yunjin" (Cloud Brocade or Yun Brocade). . Yun Brocade of Nanjing is a remarkable masterpiece of Chinese traditional culture. The traditional hand-weaving technology of Yun Brocade has a long history of about 1500 years, which has been listed as an Intangible Cultural Heritage. It is reputed by the public as "the oriental treasure" and "a Chinese miracle". . The Yun Brocade Museum is the first brocade weaving art museum in our country. It includes: “YunBrocade weaving manufacture”, “Exquisite Yun Brocade collections”, “Ethnic Brocade Weaving Performance”, “Finished Product of Yun Brocade displaying”. Founded in 1994, the Museum is comprised of the weaving of Yunjin, Yunjin collection and Yunjin folk performances. The ingenious combination of live demonstrations and display of rare and precious artifacts illustrate the development and achievements of the Chinese folk brocade. Museum staff re-enacts the habits and customs of the ethnic minority of China, which is one of the events of the Jiangsu Folk Show. The Confucius Temple(夫子庙) The Confucius Temple in Nanjing was originally constructed in the year of 1034 in the Song Dynasty. It was a place to worship and consecrate Confucius, the great philosopher and educator of ancient China. It is also known as Fuzimiao in Chinese. The Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum (明孝陵) Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum is one of the biggest imperial tombs in China. It lies in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing City at the southern foot of Zhongshan (Purple) Mountain. Emperor Chengzu, Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and Queen Ma were buried there. Nanjing Museum(南京博物馆) Served as the Kuomintang's Preparatory Office of National Central Museum (founded by Mr. Cai Yuanpei in 1933). It is now a large comprehensive history and art museum, which covers a total area of over 70,000 square meters, 35,000 square meters construction area and includes two imposing ancient Liao-style palaces. It has a collection of 420,000 pieces of relics of many kinds, more than 2,000 pieces of which are of national treasures, especially the relics of archaeological excavations, ethnic minorities, foreign countries, royal court, Qing Dynasty literature and of surrender rites of Japanese troops in the Second World War as well. Yue Jianglou(阅江楼) Yue Jianglou, meaningthe“River Viewing Pavilion”inChinese, is a seven-story pavilion which is one of the top 10 cultural towers of China. Its actual structure never really existed and the current pavilion was built in 2001 with modern techniques to fit the ancient descriptions. Located on the top of Shizi Mountain, northeast to the city and adjacent to the Yangtze River, Yue Jianglou serves as the heart of Nanjing’sarchitecture and culture. The Purple Mountain Observatory(紫金山天文台) The Purple Mountain Observatory, located at the top of the western slope of Purple Mountain, is the first modern observatory built independently by China. It has the latest telescopic equipment as well as well-preserved ancient astronomical devices where visitors can learn about our amazing universe and astronomical history. The Jinghai Temple(金海寺) The Jinghai Temple, located at the southwestern foot of the Lion Hill, was first built in the 9th year (1411) of the Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty. It was built by the order of Emperor Chengzu in praise of Eunuch Zheng He for his merits in his navigation to the Western Oceans. The temple was given the name of Jinghai by the emperor, meaning all seas were calm or praying for the peace. At the initial building time, the temple occupied a space of about 2 hectares and consisted of 80 different halls. Zheng He and Li Shizhen--a famous pharmacologist of traditional Chinese medicine, lived in the temple. the Nanjing Treaty--the first unequal treaty in the modern history of China was signed here. Rain-Flower Terrace，雨花台， Rain-Flower Terrace，雨花台，Located in the south of the city,only 1 kilometer away from Zhonghua City Gate, Rain-Flower Terrace is one of the repre sentative scenic spots in Nanjing which covers an area of 153.7 hectares and has many historical relics as well as beautiful scenery. It is the Site under National Protection, the Base of National Patriotism Education, and the National 4A Tourist Scenic Site. Zhonghuamen Citadel，中华门， World No.1 Citadel and the biggest wall gate of the Ming DynastyZhonghua Gate was originally named Jubao Gate，Treasure Gate，.Of all the city gates, Jubao Gate was the best in scale and quality, and this kind of city gate is rarely seen in the world history of city construction. Inside the gate there are three archways, which, together with the walls on the eastern and western sides, form a citadel .In 1931, its name was changed into Zhonghua City-Gate. Three Chinese chara cters inscribed by Jiang Kai-shek in person are still visible on the city-gate.The city-gate is extremely solid as it was built completely with lime, tung oil and glutinous rice gruel as adhesives。 Beijige Meteorological museum(北极阁) Built on Beijige Hill, the museum was the birthplace of modern Chinese meteorology. Located in Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province, the public museum was established to educate about meteorological culture and achievements. It has two sections. The outdoor exhibition displays ancient meteorological apparatus, weather-themed rilievos, and sculptures of famous ancient meteorologists. The indoor pavilion presents the history and development of meteorological instruments and the development of Chinese meteorology. The museum offers special educational programs to students.