(doc) 派拉特：《所罗门之歌》里的领航者

(doc) 派拉特：《所罗门之歌》里的领航者 派拉特:《所罗门之歌》里的领航者 语文学刊?外语教育教学2011年第3期 Pilate..APilotinSongofSolomon oLiYing (ZhengzhouInstituteofAeronauticalIndustryManagement,Zhengzhou,Henan,450015) [Abstract]ToniMorrisonisafirst—ratenovelistinAmerica.Songof.~omon(1977),tracesablack,man’_口 (Mi~nan)pms~eintomanhoodandmaturityundertheguideofhisauntPilate.PilatebecomesapilotinMilkman’siui- tiatlonandasymbolofAfricanculturaltraditionandheritage.Thispaperaims atinterpretingPilate’sroleasapilotfrom afeministapproach. [Keywords]Pilate;Milkman;Feminism [中图分类号]I106.4[文献标识码]A[文章编 号]16724610(2011J03-0056-02 ToniMorrison(1931,)isanoutstandingAfro— Americanfemalewriter.Untilnow,shehaspublishednineno- velsandhasestablishedherselfasafirst—ratenovelstinAnler- leanandAfiicanliterature.SheistlleonlyblackAmericanthat haswontheNobelPrizeforliteraturein1993.Amongher9no- vels,SongofSolomonistheonlyonewithablackmanasthe protagonist,notablackwoman.ShewontheNationalBookCrit- ics CircleAwardandAmericanAcademyandInstituteofArtsand Lettersbecanseofthisbook,Thisbookwastllefirstno_ velbyablackwritertobechosenasamainselectionforthe Book—of—the—MothClubsinceRichardWright’sNativeSon seller.Moreover.itisthisbo0k in1940andapaperbackbest— thatbroughtMorrisontonationalrecognition. SongofSolomontellsaTIinitiationstoryofMilkman’spas— sageintomanhood,hissearchforidentityandroots,theidentity crisisthatcomesfrombeingthesonofthemostpropertiedAfri— canAmericanintheirMichigantown,andhissenseofhimself andhisheritageatlast.HeisguidedmainlybyhisauntPilate Deadtotmhieveself-knowledgeandself—sufficiency.111isno. velconsists0ftwoparts.PartonedealswitllMilkman’scozybut vacuouslifeintheirMichigantown.Parttwotraceshisjoumey totheSouthinsearchofgrid,butactuallyhediscovershisreal nameandthehistoryofhisfamily. ThenovelopenswitllPilate’8singingasongofhergrandfa- ther’sflightbacktoAfricatoescapeslaveryonthedaybefore Milkman’sbirth.Milkmangrowsupinanunhappyfamilywitha timid,passivemother(RuthFoster);agreedy,abusiveand materialistiefather(MaconDead);andsilent,frustrated sisters.Hisnanlesuggestshismother’sexcessiveandprolonged nursingandhisdependenceonwomen.Inhislife,womenare theprimarysourceofknowledge.Undertheguideofhisaunt, hegainsanunderstandingofhisr毛Ice.traditionandheritage. Also,PilateisthepersonwhogivesMilkmanlife.Maconmar- tiesRuthbecauseofherfather’sfameandmoney,notlove. WhenhefindsRuthlyingnakedwithherfather’scorpse,hea- bandonsherspirituallyandphysically.Milkmanistheoutcome ofPilate’stricks.SowhenMacon脱lizesthat.therelationship betweenPilateandhimWorsens.Obsessedinsuchallunhappy family,MilkmangoesouttoGuitar’s(hisbestfriend)andPi— late’shomeforwarmth,althoughMacondoesn’tallowhimto haveanydealingswithPilate. Quitedifferentfromthetraditionalfemalecharacters,Pilate isveryconfidentandawomanofherself.She’sboma如mi- nutesafterhermother’sdeathwithoutanyhelp,soshe’sa daughterofnature.She’sspentahappychildhoodwithher brotherintheSouth,butanincidentchangestheirllfe,their fatheriskilledbyawhitemallwhocovetstheirproperty.When huntedbythiswhiteman,theyareforcedtokillhim.Itsets theirvaluesandlifegoalsapart,forMaconinsistsontakiIthe whiteman’sgoldaway,butPilatestronglyrejeels.Shedoesn’t changehermindwhenherbrotherthreatenstokillher,becauze shebelievesmoralityism0reimportantthanMacon’Blove.She isastrong,moral,braveandresponsiblewoman. AfterherseparationtllMacon.sheleavesherhometown withageographicbookandastonepickedupontheground. Thenshefindsajobwiththeimmigrants.Havingdiscoveredshe doesn’thaveanaval,sheisregardedasanominouswoman. Peoplebegintokeepawayfromher.Sherealizesthatshemust throwawayeveryassumptionshehaslearnedandbeginatzero. Shebeginstothinkaboutthemeaningoflifeseriously,andthen shecomestoaconclusionthattheessenceDfllfeismoreimpor- rantthantheformoflife.Shelivesherownlife. Pilate’sserf—dependenceandself—affirmationcomesfrom herdirectexperienceinlife.Shelivesfreeofallmaterialcon. venience.Thereisnorunningwaterorelectricityinherhouse, [作者简介]李莹,女,河南郑州人,郑州航空工业管理学院外语系助教, 四川大学英语语言文学硕士,研究方向:美国文化. 一 56, LITERATURELiYing/Pilate:APilotinSongofSolomon whichsymbolizethemodelTlwayoflife.Pilatetriestoremainthe Afro—Americantraditioninherownfamilyandresiststhewhite people’sway.Shedoesnothaveahusband.butshehasa daughterandagranddaughter.Shedoesn’tdependonmellor others.buttotallyonherselfbymakingalivingasabootlegger. Ahhoughshe’spoor,sheknowstheessenceofllveandshe’s generousandloving.SoMilkmanfeelsrelaxedandhappyinher home,however,MilkmanmakestwoseriousmistakestoPilate. HeseducesHagar,hisnephew,butafterHagardevelopsade— struetiveandobsessivelobeforhim,hedesertsher.Hagardies inherlongingsforMilkmanwhenhegoestothesouthinsearch ofgold.Thisisonemistake.LearningfromhisfatherthatPilate hidesasackgoldinherhouse,MilkmangoestherewithGut— tartostealit.Thisistheothermistake.ButPilateforgiveshim. PilateLlSeSherdeeplovetoleadMilkmantomaturityandmal1. h00d. SheisthefirsttotellMilkmanthehistoryoftheirfamily. Pilate’sgenerosityandlovingcareprovideMilkmanthatotal— lvdiferentpictureoftheworldfromwhathisparentsorGuitar provideforhim.Whenhestartstohavequestionsabouthisiden— tityandwherehefitsin.heignoreshisfather’scommandand consuhsPilateaboutit.PilatebecomesthekeytoMilkman’s questtounderstandhimselfandhisheritage. LearningfromhisfatherthatPilatekeepsasackofgoldina caveinVirginia.MilkmansetsoutfortheSouthsoastobeinde— pendenteconomicallyandtoavoidHagar’shuntingforhimbe— causeheabandonsher.OnhistripfromMichigantotheSouth, helearnsthatthesackPilatekeepsisasackofherfather’s bones.Hemeetshisfather’sfriendsandlearnsthefamilystory inShalima.However,hepassesthroughrealordealsthere.The firstoneishisquarrelandfightwiththenatives.Hisearisbro- kendownandhedecidestobuyanewone.Hejustwantstoget doftsearasifjtisonlyabotthofwhiskey.,IThenativesare irritatedbyhisprideofbeingwealthyandsuperior.Intheircon— nict,heiswoundedandhisbeautifulclothesaretominto pieces.Hedoesn’tknowifhewantstoknowhisidentity.he mustgetridofhisprideandvanity.Heshouldleadasimpleway oflifejustlikehisauntandshouldknowtheessenceoflife. Then,thesecondrealordealcomes.Afewolderhuntersinvite himtojointhem.Hehasnevertouchedagun,buthetellsthem heisanexcellenthunter.Hehastoovercomehishorrorsand thisexperiencehelpshimtogetabaptismandarebirth.His money,hiscar,hisfather,hissuit,hisshoes,hiswatch,his beautifulclothes,noneofthemcouldhelphim.Hemustrelvon himself,onhisinnateabilityandendurance.Herealizesthathe shouldberesponsibleforhispast.Herealizesthatheonly sharedwithother’shappinessbutneversadnessinthepast.He thinksheshouldhavegoodluckandshouldberespeeted.He doesn’tthinkhisparentsshouldpourouttheirsufferingstohim, orHagarshouldtakearevengeonhim.However,heknowshe waswronginthepast.Ifastrangerwantstokillhim,whycan notHagarwhoisdesertedbyhimafterseducingherfor12years andifhisparentsdon’ttalkwithhim,whomcouldtheyturntO? Herea~ze$women’ssufferingsatthattime.Hefindsanimpor- tantconnectionwiththeothers,sohestopspretendingtobe braveandtellsthemhewasfrightenedtodeath.Nowhegetsrid ofllisprideandvanity.Theirmisunderstandingforhimisvan- ishedandtheybegintomakefunofeachother.Atthebreak. down,theysharetheheartofthepreywhichstandsforbravery. WhenMilkmanisgoingtoeatit.awhitepeacockstandsatthe hj11butthistimeitfliesaway.Peacockstandsforprideandvan. ityanditsflyingawayrepresentsMilkman’spassagetomanhood andmaturityaftergettingrid0fllisownpride.vanityandselfish? ness.HetakeshisbestfriendGuitaradvicetoheart:”rIfyou] wannafly,yougottogiveuptheshitthatweighsyoudown.” HeescortsPilatebacktotheSouthtogiveherfatheraprop? erburial,butshediesinhisgrinbecauseGuitarshootsPilate whenaimingatMilkman.HesingstoherthesongofSolomon whichisasongofhisancestorsandasonghelearnedfromhis whichheonceregardedasanonsense.However,heknowsat lastthatthissongisnotonlyasongofhispeople,butalsoa songofthathashelpedhimreclaimasenseofseIfandhisherit. age.WithPilate’sguide.Milkmanbecomesamatureandre— sponsiblemallwhoknowshisconnectionswithhisancestors,his people.1liscommunityandhisrace.Heknowstoloveandto velove. Pilate,apilotinMilkman’sinitiation,isallindependent, brave,strongandresponsiblewoman.Sheusesherlovetoshow tl1attheauthenticexistenceemergesfromself—a伍rmation.from makingchoicesthatleadtoself—ownership,ratherthanfroma lifeofbeing—for—others.Sheisawomanofherseff. 【References】 [1]舒逊.所罗门之歌[M].南海出版公司,2010. [2]WilliamL.Andrews,FrancesSmithFoster,TrudierHar. ris.The(bcfC锄DanjontocanAmericanLjteratI1re [M].0rdUniversitvPress,l997. 【3IJessicaMunns,GitaRaian.ACuhuralstudiesReader [M].Lon舯aJ1,l995. [4]susaIlwindischBmwn.contemporaryN0velists[M].st. JamesPress.1996. 派拉特:《所罗门之歌》里的领航者 李莹 (郑州航空工业管理学院,河南郑州45oo15) [摘要]托尼莫里森是美国一流的作家.她于1977年发 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 的第三部小说《所罗门之歌》,记录了黑人男 子”奶娃”在他姑姑派拉特的引导下逐步走向成熟的历程.派拉特成为奶娃成长过程中的领航者,同时她也是非洲 文化传统和遗产的典型代表.本文旨在通过女性主义的视角来解读派拉特作为领航者的角色. [关键词]派拉特;奶娃;如}生主义 一 57—