大一下英语期末整理

U4 I'd never realized how important daily routine is: dressing for work, sleeping normal hours. I'd never thought I relied so much on co-workers for company. I began to understand why long-term unemployment can be so damaging, why life without an externally supported daily plan can lead to higher rates of drug abuse, crime, suicide. 以前我从未意识到日常的生活起居是多么重要,如穿戴整齐去上班,按时就寝。以前 我从未想过自己会那么依赖同事做伴。我开始理解为什么长时间的失业会那么伤人,为什么 一个人的生活缺少了外部支持的日常计划就会导致吸毒、犯罪、自杀率的增长。 11 To restore balance to my life, I force myself back into the real world. I call people, arrange to meet with the few remaining friends who haven't fled New York City. I try to at least get to the gym, so as to set apart the weekend from the rest of my week. I arrange interviews for stories, doctor's appointments -- anything to get me out of the house and connected with others. 为了恢复生活的平衡,我强迫自己回到真实世界中去。我给别人打电话,与所剩无几 的仍然住在纽约城的几个朋友安排见面。我至少设法去去健身房,以便使周末与工作日有所 不同。我安排采访好写报道,预约看医生——安排任何需要我出门与他人接触的活动。 12 But sometimes being face to face is too much. I see a friend and her ringing laughter is intolerable -- the noise of conversation in the restaurant, unbearable. I make my excuses and flee. I re-enter my apartment and run to the computer as though it were a place of safety. 但有时面对面地与人相处实在难以忍受。我与一位朋友见面,她那种响亮的笑声让人 忍无可忍——饭店里的噪杂谈话声也让人受不了。我找了个藉口逃之夭夭。我重新回到我的 公寓,冲向电脑,似乎那儿才是一个安全的地方。 13 I click on the modem, the once-annoying sound of the connection now as pleasant as my favorite tune. I enter my password. The real world disappears. 我点击鼠标,打开调制解调器,曾经听了就烦的连接声此刻听起来就如同最心爱的曲 子那么悦耳。我键入密码。真实世界转瞬便消逝了。 II. Translation 1. Translate the Sentences 1) Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits. 研究 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 明笑能够带来许多健康上的好处。 2)A slow Internet connection speed is really annoying. 互联网连接速度慢真让人心烦。 3)As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime. 法律规定,帮助他人自杀是犯罪。 4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle. 玛丽在她的 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 中试图从一个完全不同的角度来解释这些数据。 5) Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates. 苏是一个很有天份的女孩。她那惊人的记忆力使她在同班同学中格外突出。 2.Translate the passage Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret. 也许你羡慕我,因为我可以借助计算机在家里工作。我也这么想,互联网使我的工作方便多了。我可以通过电子邮件撰写、编辑并交出我的文章,在网上与我的同事聊天,与老板讨论工作。我用鼠标一击,马上就能拿到我要的一切资料,获得最新的消息。可是,另一方面,用网络通信有时也令人沮丧。系统有可能瘫痪,更糟的是,因为没有面对面交流的感情提示,键出的词有时候似乎很难理解。 U5 9 The runway felt different this time. It startled him for a brief moment. Then it all hit him like a wet bale of hay. The bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best. That's only one inch off the National record, he thought. The intensity of the moment filled his mind with anxiety. He began shaking the tension. It wasn't working. He became more tense. Why was this happening to him now, he thought. He began to get nervous. Afraid would be a more accurate description. What was he going to do? He had never experienced these feelings. Then out of nowhere, and from the deepest depths of his soul, he pictured his mother. Why now? What was his mother doing in his thoughts at a time like this? It was simple. His mother always used to tell him when you felt tense, anxious or even scared, take deep breaths. 这一回,那跑道显得有些异样。刹那间,他感到一阵惊吓。一种惶惑不安的感觉向他袭来。横杆升在高出他个人最高纪录9英寸的高度。他想:这一高度与全国纪录只差1英寸了。这一刻紧张异常,他感到焦虑不安。他想摆脱紧张情绪。没有用。他更紧张了。在这种时刻怎么会这样呢,他暗暗思忖着。他有点胆怯起来。说是恐惧也许更为恰当。怎么办 他以前从来不曾有过这种感觉。这时,不知不觉地,在内心最深处,出现了他母亲的身影。为什么是在这一刻,记忆中,母亲在这种时刻会怎样做呢,很简单。母亲过去总跟他说 当你觉得紧张、焦虑、甚至害怕的时候,就深深地吸气。 10 So he did. Along with shaking the tension from his legs, he gently laid his pole at his feet. He began to stretch out his arms and upper body. The light breeze that was once there was now gone. He carefully picked up his pole. He felt his heart pounding. He was sure the crowd did, too. The silence was deafening. When he heard the singing of some distant birds in flight, he knew it was his time to fly. 于是他深深吸了一口气。在摆脱腿部肌肉紧张的同时 他轻轻地把撑竿放在脚边。他开始舒展双臂和上身。刚才飘过一阵轻风 此刻消失了。他小心翼翼地拿起撑竿 只觉得心怦怦在跳。他相信 观众们的心也在怦怦跳动。场上鸦雀无声 令人透不过气来。当他听见远处飞鸟啼鸣时 他知道 自己飞身起跃的时刻到了。 II. Translation 1. Translate the Sentences 1)It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business. 是工人和主管人员的创造力和敬业精神将这个公司变成了一个盈利的企业。 2)The prices of food and medicine have soared in past three months. 食品和医药的价格在过去三个月里急剧增长。 3)We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building. 我们打算重新粉刷这幢办公大楼的上面几层楼。 4)His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide. 他的成功表明流行与艺术价值有时候是一致的。 5)I don't want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully. 我不愿意看见我说敬爱的祖母躺在医院床上痛苦地呻吟。 2.Translate the passage 众多事实 证明 住所证明下载场所使用证明下载诊断证明下载住所证明下载爱问住所证明下载爱问 这一说法:要想让自己很快从低落的情绪中解脱出来,你得让自己哭。你不必为“哭”而感到羞愧。忧虑和悲伤能随同眼泪一起流出身体。 看一看唐娜的例子吧。她的儿子在一次车祸中不幸丧生。这次打击之大使她欲哭无泪。她说:“直到两个星期后的一天,我才开始放声痛哭。然后,我便觉得好像一块大石头从我的肩上抬走了。是眼泪将我带回到了现实之中,帮助我度过危机。 Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn't/don't have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said,"It wasnot until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. Itwas the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis." U6 II. Translation Why are we so quick to limit ourselves? I’m not denying that most little girls love dolls and most little boys love videogames, and it may be true that some people favor side of their brain, and others the left. But how relevant is that to me, or to anyone, as an individual? Instead of translating our differences into har d and fast conclusions about th e human brain,why can’t we focus instead on how incredibly flexible we are? Instead o f usin g what we know as a reason why womencan’t learn physics, maybe we should consider the possibility that our brains are more powerful than we imagine. 我们为什么这么快就限制了我们自己呢?我不否认大多数小女孩喜欢娃娃而大多数小男孩爱玩电子游戏。或许真的一些人偏爱用右半脑,另一些人偏爱用左半脑。但这于我,或任何一个个人来说又有多大关联呢?为什么将男人和女人的不同归结为不容改变的结论,说成是与大脑有关,而不能看到我们难以置信的灵活性呢?或许我们应该认为我们的大脑比我们所想象的要更为强大,而不是凭我们仅有的知识去为女人不能学物理提供一个理由。 Here’s a secret :math and science don’t come easily to most people. No one was ever born knowing calculus. A woman can learn a nything a man can, but first she needs to know that she can do it, and that takes a leap of f aith. It also helps to have selective hearing. 秘密在于:对大多数人来说,数学和科学学习并不比其他人来得更容易些。没有人生来就懂微积分。男人能学会的,女人也能学会。但首先女人需要明白她能做到,而那需要足够大的勇气和自信。这也会有助于我们学会有选择地采纳别人的见解。 1. Translate the Sentences 1) He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer games, he is too clever for his classmates. 他这人话不多,但要说玩电脑那他就太机灵了,同学们都不是他的对手。 2)Children who don’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and start playing with them. 无知的孩子们可能认为这些动物很可爱并开始跟他们玩起来。 3)There is no way to obtain a loan, so to buy the new equipment, I’ll just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car. 没有办法获得贷款,所以要购买新设备,我只得咬紧牙关,卖掉我的混合型动力汽车。 4)The hunter would not have fired the shots if he had not seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite. 如果猎人没有看到一群象朝他的营地走来,他就不会开枪。 5) I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory --- he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particular those of his own doing. 我觉得具有讽刺意味的是汤姆的记忆是有选择性的,他好像不记得过去痛苦的经历,特别是那些由他自己造成的痛苦经历。 2.Translate the passage: 南希·霍普金斯(Nancy Hopkins) 是麻省理工学院(MIT) 的生物学教授.她渴望知识,努力工作.然而作为一名科学家,她不能不注意到校园里男女不平等(gender inequality)的各种表现.男女教授做同样的工作,但是到提升的时候,行政领导却很有选择性,具有讽刺意味的是在取得这么多的文化进步以后,妇女在高等学府里却仍然处于不利的地位.当她增加实验室面积的请求被拒绝之后,她知道她必须起来抗争.因此咬紧牙关向校长申诉.这次抗争以胜利告终,南希也因此变成了男女平等的倡导者. Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT. She craves knowledge and works hard. However, as a scientist, she could not help noticing all kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus. Men and women professors did the same work, but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective. It is ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institutions of higher education. When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight. So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President. The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equality advocate. U7 8 Two centuries ago an English judge in India noticed that several words in Sanskrit closely resembled some words in Greek and Latin. A systematic study revealed that many modern languages descended from a common parent language, lost to us because nothing was written down. 两个世纪前 在印度当法官的一位英国人注意到 梵文中有一些词与希腊语、拉丁语 中的一些词极为相似。系统的研究显示 许多现代语言起源于一个共同的母语 但由于没有 文字记载 该母语已经失传。 9 Identifying similar words, linguists have come up with what they call an Indo-European parent language, spoken until 3500 to 2000 B.C. These people had common words for snow, bee and wolf but no word for sea. So some scholars assume they lived somewhere in north-central Europe, where it was cold. Traveling east, some established the languages of India and Pakistan, and others drifted west toward the gentler climates of Europe. Some who made the earliest move westward became known as the Celts, whom Caesar's armies found in Britain. 语言学家找出了相似的词 提出这些语言的源头是他们称之为印欧母语的语言 这种 语言使用于公元前3500年至公元前2000年。这些人使用同样的词表达“雪”、“蜜蜂”和“狼” 但没有表示“海”的词。因此有些学者认为 他们生活在寒冷的中北欧某个地区。一些人向 东迁徙形成了印度和巴基斯坦的各种语言 有些人则向西漂泊 来到欧洲气候较为温暖的地 区。最早西移的一些人后来被称作凯尔特人 亦即凯撒的军队在不列颠发现的民族。 10 New words came with the Germanic tribes -- the Angles, the Saxons, etc. -- that slipped across the North Sea to settle in Britain in the 5th century. Together they formed what we call Anglo-Saxon society. 新的词汇随日尔曼部落——盎格鲁、萨克逊等部落——而来 他们在5世纪的时候越 过北海定居在不列颠。他们共同形成了我们称之为盎格鲁 萨克逊的社会。 11 The Anglo-Saxons passed on to us their farming vocabulary, including sheep, ox, earth, wood, field and work. They must have also enjoyed themselves because they gave us the word laughter. 盎格鲁 萨克逊人将他们的农耕词汇留传给我们 包括sheep, ox, earth, wood, field 和work等。他们的日子一定过得很开心 因为他们留传给我们laughter一词。 II. Translation 1. Translate the Sentences 1) Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect. 自从新政策生效之后,很多小企业在这个城市涌现出来。 2)On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown. 听到这一消息后,她略微一笑,然后便又习惯性地皱起眉头。 3)He paused for effect, then said:”We can reach/ enter thesemarkets through new channels.” 他稍微停顿了一下以加强讲话效果,然后说,“我们可以通过新的渠道进入这些市场。” 4)The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents 学校新添的音乐厅可以帮助它培养年轻的音乐人才。 5)We have no way to protect our personal liberties until we have established a sovereign state./ We can’t protect our personalliberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereign state. 我们首先必须建立一个主权国家,否则就无法保护我们的人身自由。 2.Translate the passage 虽然英语是如何产生的不是个谜,语言学家倾向于认为它和很多欧洲语言来自同一个源头,即印欧母语。英语最初是在公元五世纪入侵英格兰的盎格鲁--撒克逊人使用的。他们将英语的基本词汇传给了我们。在十五个多世纪的发展中,英语大量借用了其他语言,这种借用大大丰富了英语的词汇。随着移民来到美洲建立了独立的美利坚合众国,英语又增添了一个新的变种:美语。虽然有人担心英语的发展失控了,但大多数以英语为母语的人对他们语言的宽容性感到自豪。 Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to many people, linguists believe that English and most otherEuropean languages have descended from a common source: the Indo-European parent language. English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who invaded England in the fifth century. They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English. In over fifteen centuries of its development, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing. As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language: American English. Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.