北京市丰台区2020~2021学年第一学期期末考试高三英语试题(含答案解析)

高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共12页）丰台区2020~2021学年度第一学期期末练习高三英语笔试2021.01考生须知.答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。.本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。.本试卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。HelpingPawsCraigCookhasaveryspecialservicepartner-atwenty-five-year-oldfemalecapuchinmonkeynamedMinnie.In2012,whenhewasthirtyyearsold,Craigwasinacar]thatlefthimaquadriplegic,someonewhosearmsandlegsdon'tworkproperly.Forseveralyears,Craigneededhelpfromotherpeoplefbrsuchbasicneeds2gettingadrinkofwater.ThenMinniecametoCraigthroughtheHelpingHandsOrganization.MinniewasbomatSouthwick'sZooinNewYork.AspartofthespecialHelpingHandsprogram,whileshewasababy,shewasgiventoafbster（寄养）family3caredfbrherandhelpedherlearntolivewithpeople.Shelearnedbasic4suchasturningofflightsandfetchingoncommand.Next,Minnie5theHelpingHandsMonkeyCollegefortwoyears.Atthecollege,shelearnedtasksthatwouldhelpa(n)6person.Theseincludedtakingfoodoutofarefrigerator,turningpagesinabookoneatatime,andpickingupobjectsthathadbeendropped.Itisalong7process,butcapuchinmonkeyscanlivetobeforty-fiveyearsold.Sotheycanbe8toprovideserviceformanyyears.Craigsaid,“LivingwithMinnieislikelivingwithagoodfriend.Andsinceshe'sbeenwithme,Minnie'slearned9moreneatthingstodo,likemakingpopcorninthemicrowave(微波炉).ThankstoMinnie,Icanlive10withcaregiversonlycominginforashorttimeeachday.And,whenIgoout,insteadofbeingseenastheguyinthewheelchair,I'mnowtheguywiththemonkey.”A.accidentA.upA.whenA.ideasA.returnedA.elderlyA.decision-makingA.basedonA.evenA,happilyB.parkC.saleD.raceB.asC.forD.toB.whyC.whoD.whatB.skillsC.principlesD.rightsB.visitedC.supportedD.attendedB.poorC.disabledD.lonelyB.trainingC.planningD.risk-takingB.turnedonC.fedonD.countedonB.onceC.justD.yetB.energeticallyC.independentlyD.safely第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATheBritishmusthavereallyhighstandards.IwaspartofastudentexchangeprogrammebetweenauniversityinEnglandandmyuniversityinChina.Ihad高三英语第2页（共12页）spentdaysin11(prepare)fbrmyfirstEnglishpaper.IknewIdidagoodjobandwaslookingforward12gettingapositivecomment.WhenIgotthepaperback,Ifoundthatmyteacher13(write)thecommentuNotbad!”Notbad?Butthereweren'tany14(mistake)inmypaper.BThecollegeentranceexaminationisjustaroundthecorner.Homeworkandtestswillkeepmanyofyouuplateatnight,andyoumayplantomakeupfbryourlostsleepduringtheweekends.15isituseful?AstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologycompletelyhaschanged16peopleusedtothink.Itshowsthatthehabitofsleepinginonweekendsdoesn'tfixthedamagedonebyalackofsleepduringtheweek.Even17(bad),itmaydamageyourhealth.cTheInternationalDayofFamilies,which18(name)bytheUnitedNationsin1993,isheldonMay15,heveryyear.Thedaycelebratesthe19(important)offamilies.Itaims20(develop)people'sunderstandingofissuesthatarerelatedtofamilies.Withadifferentthemeeachyear,thedayisobservedwithawiderangeofeventsthatareorganizedatlocal,nationalandinternationallevels.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节阅读理解(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADon'tyouthinkrobotsareapartofyourlife?Infactories,robotsputtogethereverythingfromtoystocars.Somehomeshaverobotsthatsweepfloorsormowthelawn(剪草坪).Andmorerobotsaresoontocome.高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共12页）高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共12页）UkeaHumanRobotsdon'texpectanythanksforalltheworktheydofbrus.Afterall,theydon'thavefeelings.ButthatmaybechangingwithNexi,arobotcreatedbyscientistsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Nexicanmoveitsfacetoshowanger,happiness,orsadness.Itcanalsoraiseitseyebrowstoshowsurprise.24Howwouldyoulikearobottohelpcleanupyourtoys,oronethatplayshide-and-seekwithyou?Naocanbeprogrammedtodoboththoseactivities,andmore.Atwo-foot-tallrobot,NaowasdesignedbyacompanyinFrancetobeahelperandcompanion.Itcantalk,walkandevenrememberfaces,voices,andplaces.Also,itcanbeprogiammedtoassistwithdailytasks,suchascheckinge-mails.RobotsatWorkNeedaliftoutofbed?RIBA,shortfbruRobotforInteractiveBodyAssistance"，willlenditshelpfularms!Somepatientsathospitalsandnursinghomeshaveahardtimegettinginandoutofbed.RIBAcangentlyliftapatientoutofbedandhelphimorherintoawheelchair.Therobotcansafelypickupandcanypeopleweighing135pounds.WaterBotsRobotsthatworkinwater-andlooklikefamiliarseacreatures——aremakingnewslately.Oneofthemisaroboticfish.Researchersbuilttherobo-fishtoswiminwatertodetectpollution.There'sevenaroboticpenguincalledtheAP,whichusesflippers（鱼鳍）topaddleandcanmoveinalldirections.Expertspredictthatby2025wecouldhaverobotsineveryhousehold!Youmightbelivingorworkingwithoneofthemeveryday!Bymovingitsface,Neximightshowits.A.feelingsB.powerC.interestD.opinionsIfapatientneedsassistanceoutofbed,whichmaybeagoodhelper?A.Nexi.B.ARC.Nao.D.RIBA.Accordingtothepassage,aroboticfishmightbeusedfbr.A.discoveringfishB.pickinguprubbishC.studyingseacreaturesD.findingoutpollutionWhichsubtitlecanbefilledintheblank?A.HouseholdHelpersB.ProgrammeDesignersC.HotelCleanersD.GamePlayersBThePartyofTheirLivesInLosAngeles'sinfamousSkidRow,therearehundredsofchildrenlivingonthestreetsorinshelters.It'saplacewheredreamsgotodie.Butonecoupleisdeterminedtousetheirownexperiencewithlosstofosterasenseofhope.In2013,MaryDavisandherhusbandlosttheirfirstunbornkid.Refusingtolettheheartbreakbreakthem,theybecamevolunteersinaSkidRowhomelessshelter.Theyfoundthatmanyofthekidstherehadneverhadasinglebirthdaypartybefore,sotheydecidedtothrowabirthdaypartyfbrthosehomelesskids.TheytookoveraroomintheUnionRescueMissionandfilleditwithstreamers,giftsandacake.Thekidsweresoexcitedthattheymadetheirownmusic—singingandclappingand,ofcourse,laughing.Sincethen,thecouplehavethrownapartyeachandeverymonth.Theyroutinelyattract250kidsandtheirparents.Anhourbeforeeachparty,volunteersarrivetosetupthedecorationsandactivities:facepainting,balloonartists,aDJ,cake,andpizza.Therearesmallpresentsfbrthekidscelebratingtheirbirthdays,buttheDavismakesuretherearemorethanenoughtogoaround.UIrememberamomcamewithherkid,"Marysays."Itwastheirfirstnightattheshelter,andherchildhadabirthday.Wehadanextragiftfbrher-pinkheadphones.Thelittlegirlwassoexcited.Andhermom…she'scrying.’Ineverimaginedwewouldeverneedtobeinashelter.Ididn'tknowwhattoexpect.ButIreallydidn'texpectabirthdaypartyfbrinychild/shecriedwithhappiness.”Doingherbesttonormalizethesekids'livesisbothheartwarmingandbittersweet,Marysays."Ifyoulookoutside,youseehomelesspersonafterhomelesspersononthestreet,anditremindsyouthatthesekidsdon'tgettoleave高三英语第5页（共12页）高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共12页）高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共12页）thisareaaftertheparty.”Itmaybewhy,afterthrowing88parties,shestillcriesaftereachone.Shecreditsthekidsintheshelterwithhelpingherholdontohope.uWedidn'trealizehowmuchjoytheyweregoingtobringusJshetoldCBSNews."Anditwassohealingfbrbothkidsandus.”InSkidRow,hundredsofkids.A.werehomelessB.losttheirparentsC-droppedoutofschoolD.werecrazyaboutpartiesHowdidthecouplehelpthekids?Theyraisedmuchmoney.Theyrentedmanyhouses.Theyhostedbirthdayparties.Theymadebirthdaypresents.Accordingtothepassage,whichcanbestdescribeMary?A.Honestandgenerous.B.Caringandgenerous.C.Outgoingandcaring.D.Outgoingandhonest.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?Wellbegun,halfdone.Eastorwest,homeisbest.Whatgoesaroundcomesaround.Wherethereislove,thereishope.cWildfireshaverecentlyruinedregionsacrosstheworld,andtheirseverityisincreasing.Hopingtoreduceharm,researchersledbyYapeiWang,achemistatRenminUniversityofChina,saytheyhavedevelopedaninexpensivedevicetodetectsuchfiresearlierandwithlesseffort.Currentdetectionmethodsrelyheavilyonhumanwatchfulness,whichcandelayaneffectiveresponse.Mostwildfiresarereportedbythegeneralpublic,andotherwarningscomefromroutinefootpatrols（巡逻队）andwatchtowerobservers.Passingplanesandsatellitesalsooccasionallyspotsomething,but"thefirefirstappearsontheground,“Wangsays."Whenyouseethefirefromthesky,itistoolate/5Theteamsaysitsnewdevicecanbeplacedneartreetrunks'basesandsendawirelesssignaltoanearbyreceiverifthereisanunusualtemperatureincrease.Thekeyismoltensalts（熔盐）liquids:asuddentemperaturechangecauseselectrons（电子）totravelwithintheliquids,creatingelectricalenergythatcauseselectrodestosendthesignal.Theteamprintedthesubstancesontoordinarypapertocreateasensor.JessicaMcCarty,ageographeratMiamiUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysplaceswherewildlandandcitymeetcouldpotentiallybenefitfromsuchadevice.Shesays,“Whenafirebreaksout,thehomeownerwillknowbeforethefireagencymayhavedetectedit.”Butimprovingintegrationamongthedifferentagenciesinvolvedinfirefightingisevenmorevitaltoaddress,saysGrahamKent,aseismologistattheUniversityofNevada,whowasalsonotpartofthestudy.“Thewholewaythatyourespondtoafireuntilit'sputoutislikeaballet,“hesays,"You'dhavetochoreograph（编舞）itjustso,“withresourcesdistributedatpreciselytherighttimeandplacefromdetectiontoconfirmationtodispatch（派遣）toextinguishing."Firedetectionisjuststepone;ifyoublowstepstwothrough98,allthattechnology...justdoesn'tmatter/5Wangsayshisteam'snextstepsaretoextendthedevice'ssignalrangebeyondthecurrent100meters,whichcanlimitpracticaluse,andtodevelopaprotectivewallfbrit.Thedevice'seffectiveness,McCartynotes,willalsoneedtobetestedinthefield.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewdevice?Itcanspotfirefromthesky.Itcansendtimelywarningoffire.Itusesmoltensaltstotestthesignal.Itreceivessignalsfromtreetrunks'bases.AccordingtoGrahamKent,whatisthekeytofirefighting?Thetimefbrdetection.Theprovidednewtechnology.Preciselydistributedresources.Cooperationofdifferentdepartments.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FightingFirewithPaperB.FireIsunderControlC.FightingFireintheForestD.FirefightingIsaMatterofUrgencyDHumanshaveahabitofdelayingtheirownprogress.Fromcoffeetorefrigeratortogeneticallychangedfood,historyisfilledwithinnovationsthatcausedresistancebeforetheybecomenecessityineverydaylife.CalestousJuma,aprofessorofHarvardUniversity,exploresthisphenomenoninhislatestbook,InnovationandItsEnemies:WhyPeopleResistNewTechnologies.AmongJuma'sclaimsisthatpeopledonotfearinnovationsimplybecausethetechnologyisnew,butbecauseinnovationoftenmeanslosingapieceoftheiridentityorlifestyle,andseparatingpeoplefromnatureortheirsenseofpurpose.Jumaidentifiedinhisresearchthreekeysourcesofoppositiontoinnovation:thosewithcommercialinterestsinexistingproducts,thosewhoidentifywithexistingproducts,andthosewhomightlosepowerasaresultofchange.Thefirstgroupisperhapsthemostobvious.Manyindustrieshavebeenaffectedbyinnovation.Justtakealookatthepointlesseffortsofmusicpublisherstostopthechangetodigitalmusic.Someconsumersmightopposeaninnovationbecausetheexistingproductisdeeplyrootedintheiridentity,cultureorcustoms.TheBritishpreferredteatimeathometosittinginacoffeeshop,forexample.Finally,theriseofnewtechnologiescanalsoresultinachangeredistributingwealthandinfluenceawayfromsomegroups,andtowardothers.Theexpansionofharvestersandothermechanicalequipmentreducedtheneedfbrfarmlabor,andthechangeinpopulationawayfromruralareashadsignificantpoliticalconsequence.Humansmakedecisionsaboutnewinnovationswiththeirinstinct（直觉）ratherthanevidence.Opponentsandenthusiastsofanewtechnologywilloftenmakeshockingclaimstosupporttheirarguments.Jumasaidbeneaththoseargumentswastypicallyobviousconcernofnewtechnologies,ratherthanareasonedresponse.Jumasaid,“Peopleseeanewproductandthereisanemotionalreactiontothatproductbecauseitchallengestheiroutlookontheworld.Thishasbeenthestorywithalmosteverynewproduct75Historically,technologistshavebeenmoreconcernedwiththefunctionalityoftheproductstheycreate,payinglessattentiontotheconsequenceitmayhaveonsocietyatlarge,Jumaclaims.Fortunately,thatmaybestartingtochange.AccordingtoPara.2and3,whatisthekeyreasonwhypeopleresistinnovation?Thereliabilityoftheexistingtechnologies.Thedifficultiesofmasteringnewtechnologies.Theconcernoverthedevelopmentoftechnologies.Thefearfbrthechangescausedbynewtechnologies.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetopeople'soppositiontoinnovation?A.Uncertain.B.Disapproving.C.Supportive.D.Neutral.Whatdoesthepassageimply?Technologies5effectonsocietyshouldbevalued.Theuseofnewproductsreducestheneedfbrlabor.Enthusiastsofthetechnologiesaremorereasonable.Thefunctionalityofnewproductscausesmoreworries.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatisyourrecoveryrate?Howlongdoesittakeyoutorecoverfromactionsandbehaviorsthatupsetyou?Minutes?Hours?Days?Weeks?Briefly,thelongerittakesyoutorecover,themoreinfluencethatincidenthasonyouractions,andthelessableyouaretoperformtoyourpersonalbest.35Youarewellawarethatyouneedtoexercisetokeepthebodyfitand,nodoubt,acceptthatareasonablemeasureofhealthisthespeedinwhichyourheartandrespiratorysystem（呼吸系统）recoversafterexercise.Likewisethefasteryouletgoofanissuethatupsetsyou,thefasteryoureturntocalm,thehealthieryouwillbe.36Theyknowthatthefastertheycanforgetanincidentormissedopportunityandgetonwiththegame,thebettertheirperformance.Similarly,imagineyourselftobeanactorinaplayonthestage.37Youhavebeengivenascriptandattheendofeachsentenceisafullstop.Eachtime高三英语第9页（共12页）高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共12页）高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共12页）yougettotheendofthesentenceyoustartanewone.Althoughthenextsentenceisrelatedtothelastitisnotaffectedbyit.Yourjobistodelivereachsentencetothebestofyourability.So,itisunnecessarytoliveyourlifeinthepast.38Thoughtsofthepastshouldn'tbeallowedtoreduceyourpersonalbest.Beingpresentisagatewaytorecoverquickly.39Reflectonyourrecoveryrateeachday.Everydaybeforeyougotobed,lookatyourprogress.Whenyouarelyinginbed,youshouldn'tblameyourselffbrhavingdonethiswrongornothavingdonethatbetter,butlookatyourdayandnotewhenyoumadeanefforttoplaceafullstopafteranincident.Inthisway,youaretakingcontrolofyourlifeandachievetheaim:reducethetimespentinrecovery.You'reundertakingrealchangeshere.Remember:Romewasn'tbuiltinaday.Herearesomecaseswhereyoucanlearnaboutit.Youraimistoplayyourparttothebestofyourability.Insteadofthepast,itisthepresentthatyouhavetofocuson.F・Thebestexampleofthisbehaviorisfoundwithprofessionalsportspeople.G.It'ssaidthattheaveragetimeforsportspeopletowinthegameis30minutes.第三部分书面 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分,共12分）。阅读下面短文，根据题目耍求回答问题。BalancingTreesandCO2Treeplantingusedtoberegardedasaneffectivemeansofreducingclimatechange.Perhapsit'stimeforustorethinkthispractice.TreespullCO2fromtheair.ThiseffectivelyremovesCO2fromtheatmosphere.ButtreesonlyholdontoCO2aslongasthey'realive.Oncetheydie,treesdecay（腐烂）andreleasethatCChbackintotheatmosphere.RecentstudieshavefoundthattreesaroundtheworldaregrowingfasterthaneverTheriseofCO2,mainlyduetoburningfossilfliels,isprobablydrivingthatrapidgrowth,saidRoelBrienen,aforestecologistattheUniversityofLeeds,UK.HighlevelsofCO2areincreasingtemperatures,whichinturnspeedstreegrowthinthoseareas,headded.Thefastertreesgrow,thefastertheystorecarbon.Itseemslikegoodnews.However,itisknownthatfast-growingtreespecies,ingeneral,liveshorterlivesthantheirslow-growingrelatives.Inordertoseewhetherthegrowth-lifespantradeoff（生长与寿命之间的权衡）isauniversalphenomenon,Brienenandhiscolleaguesanalyzedover210,000individualtreeringrecordsof110treespeciesfrommorethan79,000sitesworldwide.Theyfoundthat,inalmostallhabitatsandallsites,faster-growingtreespeciesdiedyoungerthanslow-growingspecies,andevenwithinaspecies,thetradc-offbetweengrowthandlifespanheldstrong.Theteamalsocreatedacomputerprogramthatmodeledaforestandtweaked（微量调整）thegrowthofthetreesinthismodel.Earlyon,itshowedthat“theforestcouldholdmorecarbonasthetreesgrewfaster^,Brienenreported.Butafter20years,thesetreesstarteddyingandlosingthisextracarbonagain."WemustunderstandthattheonlysolutiontobringingdownCO2levelsistostopemitting（排放）itintotheatmosphere,^saidBrienen.Whatdoes“thispractice^inPara.lreferto?Whyaretreesaroundtheworldgrowingfasterthanever?Readthefollowingstatement,underlinethefalsepartofitandexplainthereason.Theteamhasfoundthatthefastertreesgrow,thefastertheystoreCO2,andthelongerlivestheylive.高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共2页）高三英语第PAGE\*MERGEFORMAT#页（共2页）丰台区2020.2021学年度第一学期期末练习高三英语期末练习答案及评分参考202L01笔试部分（共100分）第一部分知识运用第一节完形填空（共10小题，15分。每小题L5分）1-5ABCBD第二节语法填空6-10CBDAC（共10小题，15分。每小题L5分）11.preparing12.to15.But/Yet16.what13.hadwrittenworse14.mistakeswasnamed19.importance20.todevelop第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读理解（共14小题，28分。每小题2分）21-25ADDAA26-30CBDBD31-34ADBA第二节七选五（共5小题，10分。每小题2分）35-39CFDEB第三部分书面表达第一节阅读表达（共4小题，12分。1・2题每小题2分，3小题3分，4小题5分）Plantingtreestoreduceclimatechange./Treeplantingisusedtoreduceclimatechange./Usingtreeplantingtoreduceclimatechange.BecauseoftheriseofCO2fromburningfossilfuels./BecauseoftheriseofCO2./BecauseburningfossilfuelsleadstotheriseofCO2.Theteamhasfoundthatthefastertreesgrow,thefastertheystoreCO2,andthelongerlivestheyBecauseBerienenandhisteamfoundthatfaster-growingtreespeciesdiedyoungerthanslow-growingspecies./AccordingtoBerienenandhisteam'sresearch,faster-growingtreespeciesdiedyoungerthanslow-growingspecies./Becausefast-growingtreespeciesdiedyoungerthanslow-growingspecies.TherearemanythingsIcandotohelp.Firstly,I'lltakeareusableclothbagandsaynotoplasticbagswhileshopping,foritcansaveenergyandreducepollution.Secondly,whenIgosomewhere,TilchoosepublictransportationinsteadofprivatecarstoreducetheemissionofCO2.第二节应用文写作(共20分)Possibleversion:DearChris,Ican'twaittoshareapieceofgoodnewswithyou.Sinceyou'reanenthusiastaboutreading,IbelieveyouwillbeofgreatinterestinthismeaningfulactivitynamedBookCrossing.BookCrossingisthepracticeofleavingabookinapublicplacetobepickedupandreadbyothers,whothendolikewise.Foronething,theBookCrossingcanmotivateustofurtherdevelopourreadinghabitsandhelptobroadenourhorizons.Foranother,itprovidesagoodchancetomakefriendswithlike-mindedpeople.OurBookCrossingstartsthisMondayandwilllastforaweek.Whenthetimecomes,you'Hbesurprisedtofindterrificbooksatanyplacesoncampus.Ofcourse,ifyouarein,youaresupposedtoshareseveralbooksthatarevaluableandbeneficial.Tohelpothersgetageneralknowledgeofyourbook,yourthoughtfulintroductionandhelpfulcommentsarewarmlywelcomed.Whatareyouwaitingfor?I'mlookingforwardtoyourparticipationandyouareboundtoloveit(179words)Yours,LiHua