2013年职称英语真题卫生C

http://www.123zcyy.com/shiti/59.html 2013年度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类（C级） 试题 中考模拟试题doc幼小衔接 数学试题 下载云南高中历年会考数学试题下载N4真题下载党史题库下载 及参考答案 第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already. A. right B. obvious C. unclear D. unbelievable 2. We found shelter from the rain under the trees. A. defense B. protection C standing D. room 3. The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine. A. structure B. bottom C. surface D. top 4. The odd thing was that he didn’t recognize me. A. real B. whole C. same D. strange 5. That performance was pretty impressive. A. completely B. very C. beautifully D. equally 6. I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events. A. bring B. separate C. put D. set 7. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post. A. at B. with C. from D. about 8. I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me. A. throw B. seized C. broke D. stretched 9. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. A. taught B. attracted C. kept D. changed 10. This was an unexceptionally brutal attack. A. cruel B. open C. sudden D. direct 11. “There is no other choice.” She said in a harsh voice. A. firm B. soft C. deep D. unkind 12. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. A. passed by B. took a notice of C. woke up D. found by chance 13. Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning. A. border B. goal C. level D. peak 14. We have to change the public’s perception that money is everything. A. sight B. belief C. interest D. pressure 15. She gets aggressive when she is drunk. A. worried B. sleepy C. offensive D. anxious 参考答案: 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.B 6. B 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.B 15.C 第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 Promising Results from Cancer Study A new experimental vaccine (疫苗) has shown promising results in the fight against lung cancer. In a small Texas-based study, a vaccine developed by scientists at Baylor University Medical Centre in Dallas, USA, cured lung cancer in some patients and slowed the progress of the disease in others. Researchers have reported encouraging findings from this small study. Forty-three patients suffering from lung cancer were involved in these trials. Ten of these patients were in the early stages and thirty-three in the advanced stages of the disease. They were injected with the vaccine every two weeks for three months, and were carefully monitored for three years. In three of the patients in the advanced stages of cancer, the disease disappeared and in the others, it did not spread for five to twenty-four months. However, no great difference was seen in the patients in the early stages of the illness. This new vaccine uses the patients own immune system. It is made specifically for each patient and is injected into the arm or leg. It stimulates the body's immune system, which then recognizes that the cancer cells are harmful, and attacks and destroys them. The vaccine could be effective against other forms of cancer, it offers great hope for the treatment of cancer in general, although further studies are needed before such treatment can be widely used. 16 The vaccine cured all the participants in the trial. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17 Over forty people participated in the study. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 18 Patients in the early stages of the disease recovered more quickly in the trial. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 19 All the patients were from Dallas. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20 Every patient was injected with the same vaccine. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 21 The vaccine activates the immune system. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 22 The vaccine may be useful for treating other cancers. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 参考答案: 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.B 21.A 22.A 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Organic Food: Why? 1 Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, expanding by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. So what is the attraction of organic food for some people? The really important thing is that organic sounds more “natural” Eating organic is a way of defining oneself as natural, good, caring, different from the junk-food-eating masses. 2 Unlike conventional farming, the organic approach means farming with natural, rather than man-made, fertilisers and pesticides. Techniques such as crop rotation (轮种) improve soil quality and help organic farmers compensate for the absence of man-made chemicals. As a method of food production, organic is, however, inefficient in its use of labour and land; there are severe limits to how much food can be produced. Also, the environmental benefits of not using artificial fertilisers are tiny compared with the amount of carbon dioxide emitted (排放) by transporting food. 3 Organic farming is often claimed to be safer than conventional farming. Yet studies into organic farming worldwide continue to reject this claim. An extensive review by the UK Food Standards Agency found that there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional crops. Even where results indicated there was evidence of a difference, the reviewers found no sign that these differences would have any noticeable effect on health. 4 The simplistic claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventional food was always likely to be misleading. Food is a natural product, and the health value of different foods will vary for a number of reasons, including freshness, the way the food is cooked, the type of soil it is grown in. the amount of sunlight and rain crops have received, and so on. Likewise, the flavour of a carrot has less to do with whether it was fertilised with manure (粪便) or something out of a plastic sack than with the variety of carrot and how long ago it was dug up. 5 The notion that organic food is safer than “normal” food is also contradicted by the fact that many of our most common foods are full of natural toxins (毒素). As one research expert says: “People think that the more natural something is, the better it is for them. That is simply not the case. In fact, it is the opposite that is true: the closer a plant is to its natural state, the more likely it is that it will poison you. Naturally, many plants do not want to be eaten, so we have spent 10,000 years developing agriculture and breeding out harmful traits from crops” 23 Paragraph 1________ 24 Paragraph 2________ 25 Paragraph 3________ 26 Paragraph 4________ A Main reason for the popularity of organic food B Description of organic farming C Factors that affect food health value D Testing the taste of organic food E Necessity to remove hidden dangers from food F Research into whether organic food is better 27 Techniques of organic farming help ___. 28 There is no convincing evidence to ___. 29 The weather conditions during the growth of crops ___. 30 The closer a plant is to its natural state, the less suitable it is to ___. A. show that organic crops are safer than conventional ones B be specially trained C improve soil quality D poison you E be eaten F affect their nutritional content 参考答案: 23.A 24.B 25.F 26.C 27.C 28.A 29.F 30.E 第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 第一篇 The Development of Ballet Ballet is a dance form that has a long history. The fact that it survives to this day shows that it has adjusted as times have changed. Ballet began in the royal courts during the Renaissance. At that time it became common for kings and queens, as well as other nobility, to participate in pageants that included music, poetry, and dance. As these entertainments moved from the Italian courts to the French ones, court ladies began participating in them. Though their long dresses prevented much movement, they were able to perform elaborate walking patterns. It was not until the 1600s that women dancers shortened their skirts, changed to flat shoes, and began doing some of the leaps and turns performed by men. It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were finalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that they were floating. Classical ballet as we know it today was influenced primarily by Russian dancing. The Russians remained interested in ballet when it declined in other European countries in the mid-1800s. One of the most influential figures of the early 20th century was Sergei Diaghilev. His dance company, the Ballets Russees, brought a new energy and excitement to ballet. One of his chief assistants, George Balanchine, went on to found the New York City Ballet in 1948 and to influence new generations of dancers. 31 This passage deals mainly with _____. A famous names in ballet B Russian ballet C how ballet has developed D why ballet is no longer popular 32 The word pageants in paragraph 2 means _____. A dances B instructors C royal courts D big shows 33 Professional ballet was first performed in_____. A France B Italy C Russia D America 34 Who had an important influence on early ballet? A Balanchine. B Antoinette. C Louis XIV. D Diaghilev. 35 We can conclude from this passage that ballet _____. A will continue to change B is a dying art C is currently performed only in Russia D is often performed by dancers with little training 参考答案: 31.C 32.D 33.A 34.C 35.A 第二篇 Late-night Drinking Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick “pick-me-up” cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant(兴奋剂), caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin(褪黑激素), the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep. Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. A level then peak between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m., before falling again “It’s the neurohormone (神经激素) that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake,” says Mauriee Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the body’s levels of this sleep hormone. Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decaf. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decaf(脱咖啡因咖啡). They also took half an hour to drop off twice as long as usual — and jigged around in bed twice as much. In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine(尿) sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme(酶) that drives melatonin production. Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch. 36 The author mentions “pick-me-up” to indicate that _____ A. melatonin levels need to be raised. B. coffee is a stimulant. C. neurohormone can wake us up. D. caffeine can balance our brain hormone. 37 Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? A. It blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production. B. It interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping. C. It halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone. D. It stays in the body for many hours. 38 What does Paragraph 3 mainly discuss? A. Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep. B. Lotan Shilo’s research design on sleep. C. What the subjects did after drinking decaf at night. D. Why some subjects took half an hour to fall asleep. 39 The experiment mentioned in Paragraph 4 finds that caffeine drinkers _____. A. produce less melatonin B. sleep longer than decaf drinkers C. produce more urine at night D. wake up every three hours 40 Ohayon advises coffee lovers _____. A. to drink less coffee during the day B. to take decaf after lunch C. not to go to bed after taking coffee D. not to drink coffee after supper 参考答案: 36.B 37.C 38.A 39.A 40.D 第三篇 The World’s Best-Selling Medicine Since ancient times, people all over the world have used willow to stop pain. The willow tree contains salicylic acid (水杨酸). This stops pain, but there is one problem. Salicylic acid also hurts the stomach. In 1853, a French scientist made a mixture from willow that did not hurt the stomach. However, his mixture was difficult to make, and he did not try to produce or sell it. In 1897, in Germany, Felix Hoffmann also made a mixture with salicylic acid. He tried it himself first and then gave it to his father because his father was old and in a lot of pain. His father's pain went away, and the mixture did not hurt his stomach. Hoffmann worked for Bayer, a German company. He showed his new drug to his manager, who tested the drug and found that it worked well. Bayer decided to make the drug. They called it aspirin and put the Bayer name on every pill. Aspirin was an immediate success. Almost everyone has pain of some kind, so aspirin answered a true need. Aspirin was cheap, easy to take, and effective. It also lowered fevers. Aspirin was a wonder drug. At first, Bayer sold the drug through doctors, who then sold it to their patients. In 1915, the company started to sell aspirin in drugstores. In the United States, Bayer had a patent (专利权) on the drug. Other companies could make similar products and sell them in other countries, but only Bayer could make and sell aspirin in the United States. In time, Bayer could no longer own the name aspirin in the United States. Other companies could make it there, too. However, Bayer aspirin was the most well known, and for many years, it was the market leader. By the 1950s, new painkillers were on the market. Aspirin was no longer the only way to treat pain and reduce fever. Bayer and other companies looked for other drugs to make. However, in the 1970s they got a surprise. Doctors noticed that patients who were taking aspirin had fewer heart attacks than other people. A British researcher named John Vane found the reason aspirin helped to prevent heart attacks. In 1982, he won the Nobel Prize for his research. Doctors started to tell some of their patients to take aspirin every day to prevent heart attacks. It has made life better for the many people who take it. It has also made a lot of money for companies like Bayer that produce and sell it! 41 Why didn’t the French scientist continue to make the medicine that stopped pain? A. It didn’t work well. B. It hurt the stomach. C. it was not cost-effective. D. It was hard to make. 42 Why was Felix Hoffmann looking for a painkiller? A. His company told him to do that. B. His father was in pain. C. He wanted to make a lot of money. D. He suffered from headache. 43 Bayer started making aspirin because_____. A. it helped prevent heart attacks B. other companies were making it C. the manager was a scientist D. it worked well in stopping pain 44 Bayer aspirin was_____. A. the only drug with the name “aspirin” B. the first aspirin sold in the United States C. not sold in drugstores in 1915 D. not easy to find in drugstores 45 What has happened to aspirin since new painkillers came on the market? A. Companies have stopped selling it B. It has become the best-selling painkiller. C. Its new use has been discovered. D. Doctors have sold it to patients. 参考答案：41.D 42.B 43.D 44.B 45.C 第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分） 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 A Doctor in the House Brushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away. But if a group of scientific researchers have their wish, it will make the rest of your body healthy too. ____46____ It is one of many gadgets (小装置) proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health in New York ― others include a pair of glasses that help to jog your memory, and a home camera designed to check for cancer. The devices seem fanciful, but the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make it easy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier than normal. ____47____ In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouraging us to lead healthier lives. Intelligent bandages (绷带) are a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quickly identify tiny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine which antibiotics (抗生索) would work best. ____48____ Socks are long overdue for a makeover. In the future they will be able to automatically detect the amount of pressure in your foot and alert you when an ulcer (溃疡) is coming up. All the projects should have far-reaching implications, but the biggest single development is a melanoma (黑瘤) monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. ____49 ____ If a problem is found, the system would advise you to get a check-up at your doctor’s surgery. If all this sounds troublesome, then help is at hand. ____50____ A standard computer would be able to understand your voice and answer questions about your symptoms In plain English and in a way which would calm your nerves. A. Experts are also working on a “digital doctor” complete with a comforting bedside manner. B. Instead of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis is shifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets. C. The cut could then be treated instantly, so avoiding possible complications. D. That is going to be the difficult part. E. The device could be used to take a picture of your body each week, then compare it with previous images. F. A toothbrush that checks blood sugar and bacteria while you brush is currently in development in USA 参考答案：46.F 47.A 48.C 49.E 50.B 第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分） 阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 Domestic Violence Nearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of an intimate partner during their lifetime, according ___ (51) ___ one of the few studies to look at domestic violence and health among men. “Many men actually do ___ (52) ___ domestic violence, although we don’t hear about it often.” Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle, one of the study’s authors, told Reuters Health. “They often don’t ___ (53) ___ and we don’t ask. We want to get the message out to men who do experience domestic violence ___ (64) ___ they are not alone and there are resources available to them.” The researchers asked study ___ (55) ___ about physical abuse (人身伤害) and non-physical abuse, such as___ (56) ___ that made them fear for their safety, controlling behavior, and constant name-calling. Among men 18 to 64 years old, 14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner violence in the past five years, ___ (57) ___ 6.1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year. Rates were lower for