ASTM B862–02

Designation: B 862 – 02 Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Welded Pipe1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 862; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. 1. Scope 1.1 This specification covers the requirements for 27 grades of titanium and titanium alloy welded pipe intended for general corrosion resisting and elevated temperature service as follows: 1.1.1 Grade 1—Unalloyed titanium, low oxygen, 1.1.2 Grade 2—Unalloyed titanium, standard oxygen, 1.1.3 Grade 3—Unalloyed titanium, medium oxygen, 1.1.4 Grade 5—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vana- dium), 1.1.5 Grade 7—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 % to 0.25 % palladium, standard oxygen, 1.1.6 Grade 9—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % va- nadium), 1.1.7 Grade 11—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.12 % to 0.25 % palladium, low oxygen, 1.1.8 Grade 12—Titanium alloy (0.3 % molybdenum, 0.8 % nickel), 1.1.9 Grade 13—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ru- thenium), low oxygen, 1.1.10 Grade 14—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium), standard oxygen, 1.1.11 Grade 15—Titanium alloy (0.5 % nickel, 0.05 % ruthenium), medium oxygen, 1.1.12 Grade 16—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium, standard oxygen, 1.1.13 Grade 17—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium, low oxygen, 1.1.14 Grade 18—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium), 1.1.15 Grade 19—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum), 1.1.16 Grade 20—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 8 % vanadium, 6 % chromium, 4 % zirconium, 4 % molybdenum) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium, 1.1.17 Grade 21—Titanium alloy (15 % molybdenum, 3 % aluminum, 2.7 % niobium, 0.25 % silicon), 1.1.18 Grade 23—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium, extra low interstitial, ELI), 1.1.19 Grade 24—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium, 1.1.20 Grade 25—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium) plus 0.3 % to 0.8 % nickel and 0.04 % to 0.08 % palladium, 1.1.21 Grade 26—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 % to 0.14 % ruthenium, 1.1.22 Grade 27—Unalloyed titanium plus 0.08 % to 0.14 % ruthenium, 1.1.23 Grade 28—Titanium alloy (3 % aluminum, 2.5 % vanadium) plus 0.08 % to 0.14 % ruthenium, 1.1.24 Grade 29—Titanium alloy (6 % aluminum, 4 % vanadium with extra low interstitial elements (ELI)) plus 0.08 % to 0.14 % ruthenium, 1.1.25 Grade 33—Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium), 1.1.26 Grade 34—Titanium alloy (0.4 % nickel, 0.015 % palladium, 0.025 % ruthenium, 0.15 % chromium), and 1.1.27 Grade 35—Titanium alloy (4.5 % aluminum, 2 % molybdenum, 1.6 % vanadium, 0.5 % iron, 0.3 % silicon). 1.2 Pipe 8 in. NPS (nominal pipe size) and larger is most frequently custom made for an order. In such cases, the purchaser carefully should consider the applicability of this specification. Since the pipe is custom made, the purchaser may choose a wall thickness other than those in Table 1 to meet specific operating conditions. The purchaser may also be better served to specify only the portions of this specification that are required to meet the operating conditions (for example, anneal- ing, flattening test, chemistry, properties, etc.) 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa- tion only. 1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements may be invoked by the purchaser, when desired, by specifying in the order. 2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products2 B 600 Guide for Descaling and Cleaning Titanium and 1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B10.01 on Titanium. Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published December 2002. Originally published as B 862 – 95. Last previous edition B 862 – 01. 2 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. 1 Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. TABLE 1 Dimensions of Pipe NOTE 1—Schedule sizes conform to ANSI/ASME B36.19 (for “S” sizes) or B36.10 (for non-S sizes). NOTE 2—The decimal thickness listed for the respective pipe sizes represent their nominal wall dimensions. NPS Desig. Outside Dia. Nominal Wall Thickness Schedule 5SA Schedule 5A Schedule 10SA Schedule 10A Schedule 40S Schedule 40 Schedule 80S Schedule 80 in mm in mm in mm in mm in mm in mm in mm in mm in mm 1⁄8 0.405 10.29 x x x x 0.049 1.24 0.049 1.24 0.068 1.73 0.068 1.73 0.095 2.41 0.095 2.41 1⁄4 0.540 13.72 x x x x 0.065 1.65 0.065 1.65 0.088 2.24 0.088 2.24 0.119 3.02 0.119 3.02 3⁄8 0.675 17.15 x x x x 0.065 1.65 0.065 1.65 0.091 2.31 0.091 2.31 0.126 3.20 0.126 3.20 1⁄2 0.840 21.34 0.065 1.65 0.065 1.65 0.083 2.11 0.083 2.11 0.109 2.77 0.109 2.77 0.147 3.73 0.147 3.73 3⁄4 1.050 26.67 0.065 1.65 0.065 1.65 0.083 2.11 0.083 2.11 0.113 2.87 0.113 2.87 0.154 3.91 0.154 3.91 1 1.315 33.40 0.065 1.65 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.109 2.77 0.133 3.38 0.133 3.38 0.179 4.55 0.179 4.55 1-1⁄4 1.660 42.16 0.065 1.65 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.109 2.77 0.140 3.56 0.140 3.56 0.191 4.85 0.191 4.85 1-1⁄2 1.900 48.26 0.065 1.65 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.109 2.77 0.145 3.68 0.145 3.68 0.200 5.08 0.200 5.08 2 2.375 60.32 0.065 1.65 0.065 1.65 0.109 2.77 0.109 2.77 0.154 3.91 0.154 3.91 0.218 5.54 0.218 5.54 2-1⁄2 2.875 73.02 0.083 2.11 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.120 3.05 0.203 5.16 0.203 5.16 0.276 7.01 0.276 7.01 3 3.500 88.90 0.083 2.11 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.120 3.05 0.216 5.49 0.216 5.49 0.300 7.62 0.300 7.62 3-1⁄2 4.000 101.60 0.083 2.11 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.120 3.05 0.226 5.74 0.226 5.74 0.318 8.08 0.318 8.08 4 4.500 114.30 0.083 2.11 0.083 2.11 0.120 3.05 0.120 3.05 0.237 6.02 0.237 6.02 0.337 8.56 0.337 8.56 5 5.563 141.30 0.109 2.77 0.109 2.77 0.134 3.40 0.134 3.40 0.258 6.55 0.258 6.55 0.375 9.53 0.375 9.53 6 6.625 168.27 0.109 2.77 0.109 2.77 0.134 3.40 0.134 3.40 0.280 7.11 0.280 7.11 0.432 10.97 0.432 10.97 8 8.625 219.07 0.109 2.77 0.109 2.77 0.148 3.76 0.148 3.76 0.322 8.18 0.322 8.18 0.500 12.70 0.500 12.70 10 10.75 273.05 0.134 3.40 0.134 3.40 0.165 4.19 0.165 4.19 0.365 9.27 0.365 9.27 0.500 12.70 0.594 15.09 12 12.75 323.85 0.156 3.96 0.156 3.96 0.180 4.57 0.180 4.57 0.375 9.53 0.406 10.31 0.500 12.70 0.688 17.48 14 14.00 355.60 0.156 3.96 0.156 3.96 0.188 4.78 0.250 6.35 x x 0.438 11.13 x x 0.750 19.05 16 16.00 406.40 0.165 4.19 0.165 4.19 0.188 4.78 0.250 6.35 x x 0.500 12.70 x x 0.844 21.44 18 18.00 457.20 0.165 4.19 0.165 4.19 0.188 4.78 0.250 6.35 x x 0.562 14.27 x x 0.938 23.83 20 20.00 508.00 0.188 4.78 0.188 4.78 0.218 5.54 0.250 6.35 x x 0.594 15.09 x x 1.031 26.19 22 22.00 558.80 0.188 4.78 0.188 4.78 0.218 5.54 0.250 6.35 x x x x x x 1.125 28.58 24 24.00 609.60 0.218 5.54 0.218 5.54 0.250 6.35 0.250 6.35 x x 0.688 17.48 x x 1.219 30.96 26 26.00 660.40 x x x x x x 0.312 7.92 x x x x x x x x 28 28.00 711.20 x x x x x x 0.312 7.92 x x x x x x x x 30 30.00 762.00 0.250 6.35 0.250 6.35 0.312 7.92 0.312 7.92 x x x x x x x x 32 32.00 812.80 x x x x x x 0.312 7.92 x x 0.688 17.48 x x x x 34 34.00 863.60 x x x x x x 0.312 7.92 x x 0.688 17.48 x x x x 36 36.00 914.40 x x x x x x 0.312 7.92 x x 0.750 19.05 x x x x AThreading not permitted in accordance with ANSI B.1.20.1 B 862 – 02 2 Titanium Alloy Surfaces3 E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials4 E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications5 E 120 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys6 E 1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen in Tita- nium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Tech- nique6 E 1417 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination7 E 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity Method7 2.2 ANSI/ASME Standards: B 36.19M-1985 Stainless Steel Pipe8 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII 3. Terminology 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 lot—a number of pieces of pipe of the same nominal size and wall thickness manufactured by the same process from a single heat of titanium or titanium alloy and heat treated by the same furnace parameters in the same furnace. 3.1.2 welded pipe—a hollow tubular product produced by forming flat-rolled product and seam welding to make a right circular cylinder. 4. Ordering Information 4.1 Orders for materials under this specification shall in- clude the following information as required: 4.1.1 Quantity, 4.1.2 Grade number (Section 1 and Table 2), TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsA Composition, % Element Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 5 Grade 7 Grade 9 Grade 11 Grade 12 Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 Hydrogen,B,C max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.30 Oxygen, max 0.18 0.25 0.35 0.20 0.25 0.15 0.18 0.25 Aluminum ... ... ... 5.5–6.75 ... 2.5–3.5 ... ... Vanadium ... ... ... 3.5–4.5 ... 2.0–3.0 ... ... Tin ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Ruthenium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Palladium ... ... ... ... 0.12–0.25 ... 0.12–0.25 ... Cobalt ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Molybdenum ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.2–0.4 Chromium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Nickel ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.6–0.9 Niobium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Zirconium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Silicon ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Residuals,D,E,F max each 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Residuals,D,E,F max total 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 TitaniumG balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance 3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04. 4 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. 5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. 6 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05. 7 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03. 8 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. B 862 – 02 3 TABLE 2 Continued Composition, % Element Grade 13 Grade 14 Grade 15 Grade 16 Grade 17 Grade 18 Grade 19 Grade 20 Grade 21 Grade 23 Nitrogen, max 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.08 Hydrogen,B,C max 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.02 0.02 0.015 0.0125 Iron, max 0.20 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.25 Oxygen, max 0.10 0.15 0.25 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.13 Aluminum ... ... ... ... ... 2.5–3.5 3.0–4.0 3.0–4.0 2.5–3.5 5.5–6.5 Vanadium ... ... ... ... ... 2.0–3.0 7.5–8.5 7.5–8.5 ... 3.5–4.5 Tin ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Ruthenium 0.04–0.06 0.04–0.06 0.04–0.06 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Palladium ... ... ... 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 ... 0.04–0.08 ... ... Cobalt ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Molybdenum ... ... ... ... ... ... 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5 14.0–16.0 ... Chromium ... ... ... ... ... ... 5.5–6.5 5.5–6.5 ... ... Nickel 0.4–0.6 0.4–0.6 0.4–0.6 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Niobium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2.2–3.2 ... Zirconium ... ... ... ... ... ... 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5 ... ... Silicon ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.15–0.25 ... Residuals,D,E,F max each 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.1 Residuals,D,E,F max total 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 TitaniumG balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance balance Composition, % Element Grade 24 Grade 25 Grade 26 Grade 27 Grade 28 Grade 29 Grade 33 Grade 34 Grade 35 Nitrogen, max 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.05 Carbon, max 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 Hydrogen,B,C max 0.015 0.0125 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015 Iron, max or range 0.40 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.30 0.20–0.80 Oxygen, max 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.18 0.15 0.13 0.25 0.35 0.25 Aluminum 5.5–6.75 5.5–6.75 ... ... 2.5–3.5 5.5–6.5 ... ... 4.0–5.0 Vanadium 3.5–4.5 3.5–4.5 ... ... 2.0–3.0 3.5–4.5 ... ... 1.1–2.1 Tin ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Ruthenium ... ... 0.08–0.14 0.08–0.14 0.08–0.14 0.08–0.14 0.02-0.04 0.02-0.04 ... Palladium 0.04–0.08 0.04–0.08 ... ... ... ... 0.01-0.02 0.01-0.02 ... Cobalt ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Molybdenum ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1.5–2.5 Chromium ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 ... Nickel ... 0.3–0.8 ... ... ... ... 0.35-0.55 0.35-0.55 ... Niobium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Zirconium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... Silicon ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.20–0.40 Residuals,D,E,F max each 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Residuals,D,E,F max total 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 TitaniumG balance balance balance balance balance balance Remainder Remainder Remainder A Analysis shall be completed for all elements listed in this table for each grade. The analysis results for the elements not quantified in the table need not be reported unless the concentration level is greater than 0.1 % each or 0.4 % total. B Lower hydrogen may be obtained by negotiation with the manufacturer. C Final product analysis. D Need not be reported. E A residual is an element present in a metal or an alloy in small quantities and is inherent to the manufacturing process but not added intentionally. In titanium these elements include aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium, palladium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum, nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten. F The purchaser may, in his written purchase order, request analysis for specific residual elements not listed in this specification. G The percentage of titanium is determined by difference. 4.1.3 Nominal pipe size and schedule (Table 1), 4.1.4 Diameter tolerance (see 9.2), 4.1.5 Method of manufacture and finish (Sections 5 and 10), 4.1.6 Product analysis, if required (Sections 6 and 7; Table 2 and Table 3), 4.1.7 Mechanical properties, (Sections 8, 11, 13, 14, and 15, and Table 4), 4.1.8 Packaging (Section 22), 4.1.9 Inspection and test reports (Sections 18, 19 and 20), and 4.1.10 Supplementary requirements. 5. Manufacture 5.1 Welded pipe shall be made from annealed flat-rolled B 862 – 02 4 products by a welding process that will yield a product meeting the requirements of this specification. As shown in Table 5, filler metal, if used, shall be of the same grade as the base metal, or the next lower strength grade of similar composition for welding Grades 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, or 15. For welding Grades 1, 9, 11, 12, 13, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, or 25 the filler metal, if used, shall be the same as the grade specified. For Grade 16, filler metal of Grades 7, 11, 16, or 17 shall be used. For Grade 17, filler metal of Grade 11 or 17 shall be used. 5.1.1 Welded pipe may be further reduced by cold working or hot working. Cold reduced pipe shall be annealed after cold working at a temperature of not less than 1000°F. Hot worked pipe finished above 1400°F (760°C) need not be further heat treated. 5.2 Pipe shall be furnished as follows unless otherwise specified: 5.2.1 Grades 1, 2, 7, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, and 33 shall be furnished as welded or annealed. 5.2.2 Grades 3, 12, 15, and 34 shall be furnished as annealed. 5.2.3 Grade 5, Grade 23, Grade 24, Grade 25, or Grade 35 shall be furnished as annealed, or aged. 5.2.4 Grade 9 or Grade 18 shall be furnished as annealed. 5.2.5 Grade 19, Grade 20, or Grade 21 shall be furnished as solution treated, or solution treated and aged. 6. Chemical Composition 6.1 The grades of titanium and titanium alloy metal covered by this specification shall conform to the requirements of the chemical compositions shown in Table 2. 6.1.1 The elements listed in Table 2 are intentional alloy additions or elements that are inherent to the manufacture of titanium sponge, ingot, or mill product. 6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 2 are deemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table 2 by and only by way of unregulated or unanalyzed scrap additions to the ingot melt. Therefore, product analysis for elements not listed in Table 2 shall not be required unless specified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intent of this specification. 6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must be identified, analyzed, and reported in the chemical analysis. 6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and purchaser and requested by the purchaser in a written purchase order, chemi- cal analysis shall be completed for specific residual elements not listed in this specification. 6.3 At least two samples for chemical analysis shall be tested to determine chemical composition. Samples shall be taken from the ingot or the opposite extremes of the product to be analyzed. 7. Product Analysis 7.1 When requested by the purchaser and stated in the purchase order, an analysis of chemical composition shall be made on the finished product. 7.2 The product analysis tolerances listed in Table 3 do not broaden the specified analysis requirements but cover varia- tions between different laboratories in the measurement of chemical content. The manufacturer shall not ship finished product outside of the limits specified in Table 2 for the applicable grade. 8. Tensile Requirements 8.1 The tensile properties of the pipe, in the condition specified, shall conform to the room temperature requirements of Table 4. Mechanical properties for other conditions may be established by written agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. 9. Permissible Variations in Dimensions 9.1 A system of standard pipe sizes approved by ANSI as American National Standard for Stainless Steel Pipe (ANSI/ ASME B36.19M-1985) reproduced as Table 1 shall apply. 9.2 Permissible variations in dimensions at any point in the length of the pipe shall conform to the following: 9.2.1 Variations in outside diameter, unless otherwise speci- fied, shall not exceed the limits prescribed in Table 6. For diameters greater than 30 in., the diameter shall not exceed 60.5 % of the specified outside diameter. The tolerances on the outside diameter include ovality except as provided for in 9.2.2 and 9.2.3. 9.2.2 Thin-wall pipe usually develops significant ovality (out-of-roundness) during final annealing, straightening, or both. Thin-wall pipe are defined as having a wall thickness of 3 % or less of the outside diameter. 9.2.3 The diameter tolerances of Table 6 are not sufficient to provide for additional ovality expected in thin-wall pipe and are applicable only to the mean of the extreme (maximum and minimum) outside diameter readings in any one cross section. However, for thin-wall pipe the difference in extreme outside diameter readings (ovality) in any one cross section shall not exceed 1.5 % of the specified outside diameter. 9.2.4 Straightness shall be determined by using a 10 ft (3 m) straight edge placed so that both ends of the straight edge are TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Product Analysis Element Product Analysis Limits,Max or Range, % Permissible Variation in Product Analysis Aluminum 2.5 to 6.75 60.40 Carbon 0.10 +0.02 Chromium 0.1 to 0.2 60.02 Chromium 5.5 to 6.5 60.30 Hydrogen 0.02 +0.002 Iron 0.80 +0.15 Molybdenum 0.2 to 0.4 60.03 Molybdenum 1.5 to 4.5 60.20 Molybdenum 14.0 to 16.0 60.50 Nickel 0.3 to 0.9 60.05 Niobium 2.2 to 3.2 60.15 Nitrogen 0.05 +0.02 Oxygen 0.30 +0.03 Oxygen 0.31 to 0.40 60.04 Palladium 0.01 to 0.02 60