高中英语必修5Unit1_Great_scientists课件

Unit1GreatscientistsWarmingup高二人教新课标版必修五GuessinggameWhoishe?Hehasmadeafamouskiteexperiment.Helearnedalotfromitandinventedlightningrod(避雷针).Heis…BenjaminFranklinNeverleavethatuntiltomorrow,whichyoucandotoday.今日事,今日毕。Whoishe?Heiscalledthegreatestscientistinthe20thcentury.HeisfamousfortheTheoryofRelativity.Heis…AlbertEinsteinImaginationismoreimportantthanknowledgeimaginativeWhoishe?Hemadethefirsttelescopeintheworld.Hisobservationsshowthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.Heis…GalileoGalileiYoucannotteachamananything.Youcanonlyhelphimfinditwithinhimself.你不可能把一切都教给一个人,你只能帮助他从内心去发现(和了解)事物。Whatdoyouknowaboutgreatscientists?Trythisquizandfindoutwhoknowsthemost.1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?Archimedes(287-212BC)anancientGreekmathematician&physicist2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?CharlesDarwin(1808-1882)BritishauthorofTheOriginofSpecies3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?ThomasNewcomen4.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?GregorMendel(1822-1884)Czech(捷克人)MarieCurieNothinginlifeistobefeared.Itisonlytobeunderstood.生活中没有什么可怕的东西,只有需要理解的东西。5.Whodiscoveredradium?ThepowerofradiumThomasAlvaEdisonGeniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之一的灵感。6.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?TheInventionsofThomasEdisonPhonograph(留声机)Lightbulb(电灯泡)MotionPictures(电影)7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)ItalianartistLastSupperMonaLisa8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?SirHumphryDavy(1778-1829)BritishMiniature(小型的)Miner'sSafetyLamptheSafetyLamp9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?ZhangHengseismograph10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackhole?StephenHawking(1942---)BritishABriefHistoryofTimemadeagreatcontribution.madegreatachievements.succeededintheirscientificcareer.overcomemanydifficulties.遗传学电浮力定理镭进化论画家蒸汽机矿工安全灯黑洞理论地动仪阿基米德Archimedes达尔文CharlesDarwin纽可门ThomasNewcomen孟德尔GregorMendel居里夫人MarieCurie爱迪生ThomasEdison达芬奇LeonardodeVinci汉弗来.戴维爵士SirHumphryDavy张衡ZhangHeng斯蒂芬.霍金StephenHawkingMatchthenamesandwhattheyfamousfor.1.discover&inventinventv.发明,发明原先不存在的东西Whoinventedthesteamengine?谁发明了蒸汽机?discoverv.发现,探索或揭示早就客观存在着事物ColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。Whodiscoveredradium?谁发现了镭?LanguagePoints2.explainexplainsb.sth.explainsth.tosb.3.characteristicn./adj.Somegeneticcharacteristicsarenotobvious.Thetwogroupsofchildrenhavequitedifferentcharacteristics.Forgetfulnessisoftencharacteristicofagedpeople.(T)(F)特有的,典型的1)Thetraditionis___________theirancestors.2)Thisspiritshouldbepassed______fromgenerationtogeneration.3)Passtheletter___tothepersonnexttoyou.4)Somanypeoplepass___andnevernoticethechange.passedfromdownonby4.passsthfrom…从…处传来,传下passby路过,经过…passdown把…传下来passon传递,传授5.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?thewayofdoingsth.=thewaytodo…“做…..的方法”Sheshowedusthewayofcleaningit.=Sheshowedusthewaytocleanit.她给我们示范清洗它的办法.theway引导的定语从句的引导词有三种,可以用that;可以用inwhich;还可以省略.Idon’tliketheway_______________youspeaktoyourfather.我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式.与way相关的短语:bythewaybywayof…loseone’swaynowayfeelone’swayonone’swayto…inthisway=bythismeans=withthismethod(that/inwhich)用这种方法顺便说通过…的方法迷路(俚语)没门,别想摸黑走,谨慎从事在去…的路上6.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出了黑洞的理论?putforward(1)提出(建议等)(2)推荐某人或自己任职位;提名我能否提名你当我们的班长?MayIputyournameforwardasourmonitor?Thematchhasbeenputforwardto1:30.比赛已经提前到一点半举行。他在会议上提出了一个MATCH_ word word文档格式规范word作业纸小票打印word模板word简历模板免费word简历 _1714966482350_0。Heputforwardaplanatthemeeting.他们把婚礼的日期提前了一周。Theyputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.我们将把讲座的日期提前/延期到9月9号。We’llputforward/putoffthedateofthelecturetoSeptember9th.Theirweddinghasbeencalledoff(取消).putaway抛弃;舍弃putdown写下来;记入名单puton穿上;戴上;增加putoff耽误;延期putout熄灭(灯);扑灭(火)putup建立;建造putupwith…忍受…Youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandread,butplease______thebookswhenyou’vefinishedwiththem. putonB.putdownC.putbackD.putoffCUnit1GreatscientistsReading高二人教新课标版必修五Pre-reading1.Whatimpressesyoumostin2003?WhichpersonimpressesyoumostduringtheSARS?Whatotherinfectiousdiseasesdoyouknow?Forexample:Whenyoueatsomefoodthatisnotfresh……Youmayfeel……Maybeyouhavegot________.CholeradrawaconclusionthinkofamethodcollectresultsmakeaquestionfindaproblemanalysetheresultsfindsupportingevidencefindaproblemmakeaquestionthinkofamethodcollectresultsanalysetheresultsdrawaconclusionHowtoproveanewideainscientificresearch?findsupportingevidenceJohnSnowdefeats“Kingcholera”JohnSnowdefeats“kingcholera”Whatcanyoulearnfromthetitle?人物：事件：defeatscholeraWhoisJohnSnow?Whathappenedtothem?QueenVictoriaJohnSnow约翰.斯诺(1813~1858),英国麻醉学家、流行病专家。他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施。1854年,伦敦霍乱流行,斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况,寻找到他们的共同行为模式,发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系,由于及时切断了二者的联系,有效制止了霍乱的流行。Fouroutbreaksofcholerainthe1830sand1840skilledmanypeopleinEngland.In1854,“themostterribleoutbreakofcholerawhicheveroccurredinthekingdom”began.Itwassoviolentandsuddenthat127peoplediedinthefirstthreedays.TheterriblecholeraBacteria/germsofcholeraWhatwasthecauseofthisillness?HowdidJohnSnowfinditout?Skimthetextandfindthemainideaofthetext.Thepassageismainlyabout:_______________________________________________________HowJohnSnowfoundthecauseofthecholeraanddefeatedit.Fast—reading:Readthepassagequicklyandfindthenumberbelowandtherelevanthappeningsinthepassage.Thefirstsuggestedthat…multipliedintheair;Thesecondsuggested…absorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.AnotheroutbreakhitLondon.Morethan500peoplehaddiedin10days. Twotheories In1854 500,10ThesenumbersinBroadStreetnearthewaterpumphadmanyofthedeaths20and21BroadStreetand8and9CambridgeStreethadnodeaths….Theydidn’tdrinkthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpump.Thesefamiliesworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet. 16,37,38and40 20,21;8,9 716372089pump3840BROADSTREETCAMBRIDGESTREET21JohnSnow'sCholeraMap7PubWhatistheproblem?Thecholerawasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday.Neitheritscause,noritscurewasunderstood.Whatcausedcholera?Makeaquestion:Whichtheorytobelievein?Choleramultipliedintheairwithoutreason.Acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfounditsvictims.Peopleabsorbeditwiththeirmeals.Whichonedoyoubelievemore?WhataboutJohnSnow?AmapofBroadStreetWhatmethoddidheuse?BroadStreetManydeathshappenedhere.Nodeathhappenedhere.Itseemedthewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.Whatdidhedonext?Publichouse(Para6)Whatwasanothersupportingevidence?(Para5)Helookedintothesourceofthewater…JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.Readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.2147Careful—reading:KingCholerawasdefeated.Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump.Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.3856Whatcausecholera?Whichtheoryiscorrect?Collectdataonthosewhowereillordiedandwheretheygottheirwater.Fillintheblanks. Para-graph Stagesinanexperiment Exampleinthisinvestigation 1 Findaproblem 2 Makeaquestion 3 ThinkofamethodPlotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie.Analysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness.Findotherevidencetosupporttheanalysis.Thewateristoblame.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedsothatitissafe.MatchthemPara7PreventionofCholera1.JohnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright.Howdidhefinallyproveit?KEY:JohnSnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera,collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater.Readandanswerthequestions.2.DoyouthinkJohnSnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutthemap?Giveareason.KEY:No.ThemaphelpedJohnSnoworganizehisideas.Hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater-drinkinghabits.Heidentifiedthosehousesthathadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits.Theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause.3.Cholerawasa19thcenturydisease.Whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?KEY:Fourdiseases,whicharesimilartoday,areSARS,AIDS,TB(肺结核)andbird-flu,becausetheyarebothveryserious,haveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem.1.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat____. thecauseofcholerawaspollutedwaterB.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondonC.thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedD.JohnSnowdidsomeresearchandhelpedtosolve“KingCholera”Choosethebestanswer.D2.WhatwasthekeyhelpforJohnSnow’sdiscovery?A.Thegovernment.B.ThewomanmovingawayfromBroadStreet.C.Thewatercompany.D.Themapmadebyhimself.DJohnSnowwasawell-known______inLondoninthe_____century.Hewantedtofindthe______ofcholerainorderto______it.In1854whenacholera______out,hebegantogatherinformation.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokeHe_________onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohaddrunkthedirtywaterfromthe______died.Sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera.Hesuggestedthatthe_______ofallwatersupplybe__________andnewmethodsof________withpollutedwaterbefound.Finally,“KingCholera”wasdefeated.markedpumpsourceexamineddealingWhatshouldwepayattentiontoinourdailylifeinordernottogetinfectedwithcholera?HealthefoodleftovernightCookrawfoodthoroughlyWashhandsoftenKeepawayfromflieschoosefreshseafoodKeepthekitchencleanDisposerubbishproperly.DrinkboiledwaterDiscussion1.knowabout了解有关….的情况knowof听说过1)有些事我想了解一下。ThereissomethingIwanttoknowabout.2)我听说过那件事,但不很清楚。Iknowofit,butIdidn’tknowitwell.Languagepoints2.conclude:v.作结论,断定Thejuryconcludedthathewasguilty.陪审团认定他有罪。toconclude:总而言之,总之Toconclude,Iwanttothankyouforyourhelp.conclusion:n.结论得出结论arriveatdraw/reachcometo｝aconclusion1)那些都是事实,你能从中得出什么结论?Thosearethefacts;whatdoyouconcludefromthem?2)我得出结论你在说谎。Icameto/drew/reachedtheconclusiontheconclusionthatyouwerelying.3)根据这些事实,我们能对金字塔是如何建成的得出一些结论。Fromthesefacts,wecandrawsomeconclusionsabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.3.defeatv./n.Hedefeatedthechampioninthreesets.Hiswordscompletelydefeatedme.ThePartyfacesdefeatintheelection.击败,战胜使困惑win/beat/defeatwin“赢得,获胜”,后接奖品,奖金,名誉,财产beat“击败,战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人defeat“击败，战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人,(此用法同beat),疾病等。1)Mary_____thefirstplaceinthecompetition.2)Ourschool_______________theirschoolatfootball.3)I________________Johnatchessyesterday.wonbeat/defeatedbeat/defeated4.JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon-soexpert,indeed,thatbeattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.约翰.斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生--他的确医术精湛,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。1)expertn.专家;高手;权威anagriculturalexpert农业专家anexpertwiththecomputer电脑高手expert也可以作形容词,“熟练的;老练的; 经验 班主任工作经验交流宣传工作经验交流材料优秀班主任经验交流小学课改经验典型材料房地产总经理管理经验 (或知识)丰富的”anexpertrider熟练的骑手anexpertopinion内行的意见 照看,照料如:医生照看病人。Thedoctorattended(on/upon)thepatients. 出席,到场如:attendschool上学attendalecture听讲座attendchurch去教堂attend(at)awedding出席婚礼2)attendv. 注意,留意如:We’llattendtothesolutionofthatproblemlater.attendto 处理,办理我有许多事情要处理。照顾,照料先生,有人接待你吗？Areyoubeingattendedto?Ifyougoout,I’llattendtothebaby.专心,注意Ifyoudon’tattendtotheteacher,you’llneverlearnanything.attendancen.照顾,出席Ihavesomeimportantthingstoattendto.5.Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.exposedtocholera在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语,表示被动,意为“患霍乱的”。如:ThebookwrittenbyLuXunisverypopular.鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生。ThemanseenbyusyesterdayisProfessorSmith.发散思维：exposedadj.暴露的,暴露于风雨中的,无掩蔽的exposednessn.暴露,显露开放思维:exposeto使易受,使受exposesthtothelightofday把某事暴露于光天化日之下exposeafraud揭穿骗局1)Milesofsandareexposedatlowtide.2)ThepeopleofsomeAsiancountrieswereexposedtothetsunamiin2004.3)Heexposedthecrimetothepolice.4)Heexposedtheplantothenewspsper.touncovertomakesuffertomakeknown5)Thewolfopeneditsmouthto______arowofsharpteeth.6)Don’t______yourskintothesun;yourskinwillbehurt.exposeexpose6.Thiswasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday.die(v.)dead(adj.)death(n.)deadlyadj.(1)dangerous;likelytocausedeath危险的;致命的adeadlydisease/weapon(2)highlyeffectiveagainststh.orsomeone强有力的;致命的adeadlyremark击中要害的评论(3)aimingtokillordestroy意在杀死的;不共戴天的:adeadlyenemy不共戴天的敌人deadlyadv.(1)very极度;非常;十分deadlyserious十分认真(2)likedeath死一般地deadlypale死一般苍白7.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.everytime在这里是连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“每次,每当”。e.g.EverytimeImeethim,Ialwaysthinkofthethingshappenedbetweenus.每次见到他,我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。注意:immediately,themoment,directly,instantly等与everytime一样,都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句,意为“一…..就”。如：IwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelyIseehim.我一见到他就把这封信给他。IcamedirectlyIgotyourletter.我一接到你的信就来了。8.Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.absorb…..into吸收如：e.g.Thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization.这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。absorbv.(1)吸收(液体)Waterabsorbsoxygen.(2)Thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehim.(3)Thebookabsorbedhisattention.(4)Thesurroundingsmalltownshavebeenabsorbedintothecity.理解,接受吸引(注意力,兴趣等)使并入,吞并beabsorbedin…　被…吸引;专心于;全神贯注于某事如:Heisabsorbedinhisbook.Thelittlegirlwasabsorbedinreadingatale.suggest经常有“建议”的意思,但在这个句子里的意思是“暗示间接表明”。如：Thedisorganizedmeetingsuggestedbadpreparation.混乱的会场表明准备工作很差。suggest还有“建议”的意思,在后文中有体现:“Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.”为防止这种情况再度发生,……Isuggestedthatheshouldgiveupsmoking.我建议他戒烟。Thechairmansuggestedthemeetingbeputoffuntilnextweek.主席建议会议延迟到下周举行。suggest后面还可以接-ing形式或名词。如：Shesuggestedapicnicattheweekend.她提议周末去野餐。Kanesuggestedleavingearlyfortheairport.凯恩提议早些发去机场。他发现在两条街道上霍乱流行的特别厉害,在十天之内就死去了五百多人。9.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplehaddiedin10days.severeadj.(1)unsparingorharsh,asintreatmentofothers;strict严厉的;苛刻的;严格的.如:Theseveretrainerhasgoneabroad.Youcanbreathefreelyagain.(2)causingsharpdiscomfortordistress;extremelyviolentorintense;veryserious.剧痛的,剧烈的,严重的,难熬的如:asevereattackoftoothache.要求苛严的教官已经出国,你可以完全放心。牙痛的剧烈发作。这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。10.Thisgavehimavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease.valuable(1)adj.worthofalotofmoney值钱的,贵重的如：Thewatchisvaluable.这表很值钱。avaluablediamond.贵重的钻石。(2)adj.havinggreatusefulnessorvalue如:valuableinformation(3)n.(常用复数形式)sththatworthalotofmoney如:Cathykepthervaluablesinasafe.重大的消息凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里。泵(油泵;气泵),抽水机,打气筒11.pump12.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。be+动词不定式,可以表示该做或不该做的事情,相当于must,should,oughtto等。如：Nooneistoleavethisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice.没有警察的允许谁也不准离开这栋楼。Youarenottodroplitterinthepark.公园里不允许乱丢纸屑。受到责备,主动表被动13.Next,JohnSnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets.其次,约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源。lookinto往…...里面看;toinvestigate检查;了解。如：We’lllookintothismattertogether.我们将一起调查这个问题。开放思维：lookon观看,面向,旁观,看待lookout面朝,留神,照料lookover从上面看,察看,检查lookaround环顾,观光,察看lookthrough看穿,审核,浏览,温习lookupanddown仔细打量,到处寻找lookafter寻求,照顾,关心14.handlen.柄,把手handlev.Choosethecorrectexplanations.1)MsHawkins,thechiefaccountantofthecompanyhandlesthecompany'saccounts.2)ThechildrenaresonaughtythatIcan'thandlethem.3)Shehandledadifficultargumentskillfully.CFE4)Handlechildrenkindly,ifyouwantthemtotrustyou.5)Thisshophandlespaperandstationery.6)Helearnthowtohandletheaxe.DBA A.操作;运用B.经销;买卖C.管理D.对待E.应付F.控制;管理link…to...把…与…连接;联系如：Fingerprintslinkedthesuspecttothecrime.指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪事实。belinkedto连接如：Thetwotownsarelinkedbyarailway.15.InanotherpartofLondon,hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwodeathsthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.在伦敦的另一个地区,他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。linkn.联系,关系研究人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。Researchershavedetectedalinkbetweensmokingandheartdisease.16.WiththisextraevidenceJohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.announcev.tomakeknownpublicly如：Thecaptainannouncedthattheplanewasgoingtoland.有了这个证据,约翰.斯诺就能够肯定的宣布,这种被污染的水携带病毒。机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。1)--Whoinstructsyourclassinhistory?--MrBlack.Heisourinstructor.2)Sheinstructedmeintheuseofthistelephone.3)I'vebeeninstructedtowaithereuntilthelecturerarrives.v.(toteach;toorder)17.instruct1)ThebossgavemesomanyinstructionsatonetimethatIgotmuddledup.2)Weforgottoreadtheinstructions.(aninstructionbook)3)UnderBerry’sinstruction,Islowlymasteredtheartofglassblowing.n.detaileddirectionsonprocedure;anorder;teachinginstruction1.Not_______(暴露)yourskintothesunfortoolong.2._________you_______(既不…也不)heisright.3.___________(每当)Imeethim,Ialwaysthinkofthethingshavinghappenedbetweenus.4.________________(好像)shewaslying.5.Whois_____________(责备)forthemistake?6.It____________(暗示)thatitwasgoingtorain.7.Isuggestedthathe__________________(戒烟)smoking.exposeNeithernorEverytimeItseemedthattoblame(should)giveupsuggestedFillintheblanks. SurftheinternettofindoutmoreinformationaboutJohnSnowandcholera.2.DoExercise3,4onP3.Homework