Chapter_3_Trade_by_Service_PPT幻灯片

*Chapter3TradebyService第三章世界服务贸易地理*Contents1.TradeinCommercialServices2.TransportationServices2.1SeaTransportation2.2AirTransportation2.3OtherTransportation3.Travel4.OthercommercialServices*1.CommercialServicesTrade1.1TransportationservicesTransportationservicescoverssea,airandother(includingland,internalwaterway,spaceandpipeline)transportservicesthatareperformedbyresidentsofoneeconomyforthoseofanother,andthatinvolvethecarriageofpassengers,themovementofgoods(freight),rentals(charters)ofcarrierswithcrew,andrelatedsupportingandauxiliaryservices.*1.2TravelTravelincludesgoodsandservicesacquiredbypersonaltravellers,forhealth,educationorotherpurposes,andbybusinesstravellers.Unlikeotherservices,travelisnotaspecifictypeofservice,butanassortmentofgoodsandservicesconsumedbytravellers.Themostcommongoodsandservicescoveredarelodging,foodandbeverages,entertainmentandtransportation(withintheeconomyvisited),giftsandsouvenirs.**Multi-model(Combined)Transportation多式联运TEU 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 箱：TwentyEqualUnitTwenty×Eight×Eight(Feet)Unit广州港2008年集装箱吞吐量达到1100万标准箱，同比增18.8%，超越鹿特丹港和高雄港，排名从第12位提前至第7位。宁波港也以1084.6万标准箱的成绩，将排名从第11位上升到第8位。*2.1SeaTransportationTheReviewofMaritimeTransportisarecurrentpublicationpreparedbytheUNCTADsecretariat.*2.1.1WorldMerchantFleetTheworldmerchantfleetexpandedby7.2percentduring2007to1.12billiondeadweighttons(dwt)atthebeginningof2008.*The10countriesandterritorieswiththelargestcontrolledfleets,asof1January2008*Largestfleetscontrolledbydevelopingandtransitioneconomies,byprincipalvesseltypes,2008a(Thousandsofdwt)*The5flagsofregistrationwiththelargestregistereddeadweighttonnage,asof1January2008a方便旗国*2.1.2The20leadingserviceoperatorsofcontainershipsatthebeginningof2008(Numberofshipsandtotalshipboardcapacitydeployed(TEUs))**2.1.3Theworld‘smajortraderoutesjpgThePacificOcean1)EastAsiaWestCoastofNorthAmerica2)EastAsiaCaribbeanSeaEastCoastofNorthAmerica3)EastAsiaWestCoastofSouthAmerica4)EastAsiaSoutheastAsia5)EastAsiaAustralia&NewZealand6)Australia&NewZealandNorthAmerica*IndianOcean1)EastAsiaSoutheastAsiaPersianGulf2)EastAsiaSoutheastAsiaMediterraneanSeaEurope3)EastAsiaSoutheastAsiaCapeofGoodHopeWestAfricaEastCoastofSouthAmerica4)PersianGulfSouthAfricaNorthAmericaWesternEurope5)AustraliaMediterraneanSeaEurope*AtlanticOcean1)WesternEuropeEastCoastofNorthAmerica2)WesternEuropeCaribbeanSea3)WesternEuropeEastCoastofNorthAmericaSuezCanalAsia&PacificRegion4)WesternEuropeEastCoastofSouthAmerica6)EastCoastofSouthAmericaCapeofGoodHopeMediterraneanSea*ArcticOceanNorwegianSea,BarentsSeaAtlanticOceanBarentsSeaofJapan*2.1.4LinesandPortsofChinaSeaLinevs.OceanLineJPGI.SeaLine近洋航线1)EastAsiaChina-Mainland(Shanghai,Shenzhen,Qingdao,Tianjin,Guangzhou,Xiamen,Ningbo,Dalian)Taipei,Chinese(Kaohsiung)HongKong,ChinaROK(Busan)Japan(Tokyo东京,Kobe神户,Nagoya名古屋,Osaka大阪,Yokohama横滨)*2)SoutheastAsiaSingapore;Malaysia(PortKelan巴生港);Indonesia(TanjungPriok丹戎不碌);Thailand(Bangkok);Philippine(Manila)3)SouthAsiaBangladesh(Chittagong);India(Calcutta,Chennai金奈,Mumbai);SriLanka(Colombo科伦坡);Pakistan(Karachi);4)PersianGulfU.A.E.(Dubai)5)OceaniaAustralia(Sydney,Melbourne);NewZealand(Auckland);*II.OceanLines远洋航线1)RedSeaYemen(Aden);SaudiArabia(Jiddah);2)AfricaMorocco(DarelBeida);Nigeria(Lagos);SouthAfrica(Durban德班,CapeTown);3)WesternEuropeItaly(Genoa);France(Marseille,LeHavre);Spain(Barcelona);UK(Felixstowe费利克斯托尔);Belgium(Antwerp);Netherlands(Rotterdam);Germany(Hamburg,Bremenhaven);Russia(SantaPetersburg圣彼得堡);*4)NorthAmericaWestCoast:Canada(Vancouver);UnitedStates(Seattle,Oakland奥克兰,SanFrancisco,LosAngeles,LongBeach)EastCoast:Canada(Quebec,Montreal);UnitedStates(NewYork,Boston,Houston,NewOrleans,Miami);*5)SouthAmericaWestcoast:Peru(Callao卡亚俄),Chile(Valparaiso瓦尔帕莱索);Eastcoast:Brazil(RiodeJaneiro里约热内卢,Santos桑托斯),Uruguay(Montevideo蒙得维的亚),Argentina(BuenosAires布宜诺斯艾利斯);*Top20containerterminalsandtheirthroughputfor2005,2006and2007(TEUsandpercentagechange)**2.1.5MainLinesofNingboPort宁波港集装箱班轮船期rmSeaLine1)HongKong;2)Taiwan;3)Japan;4)Korea;5)SoutheastAsia;6)MiddleEast;7)RussianFarEast;8)AustraliaOceanicLine1)RedSea;2)WestAfrica;3)WesternEurope;4)WestsideofNorthAmerica;5)EastsideofNorthAmerica;6)WestsideofSouthAmerica;7)BlackSea*2.2AirTransportationAirtransportationcostsnearly40timesasmuchaswatertransportation.Becauseairtransportationissocostly,cargoplanesusuallycarryonlyexpensive,lightweight,orperishablemerchandise.*World‘sbusiestairportWorld'sbusiestairportisaclaimthatisfiercelyfoughtoverbytheownersoftheworld'slargestairports.ThedefinitionofbusiesthasbeenspecifiedbytheAirportsCouncilInternationalinGeneva,Switzerland.TheACIdefinesandmeasuresthefollowing3typesofairporttraffic:*[1]Passengertraffic:totalpassengersenplanedanddeplaned,passengersintransitcountedonce[2]Cargotraffic:loadedandunloadedfreightandmailinmetrictonnes[3]Trafficmovements:landingsandtake-offsofaircraft*Hartsfield-JacksonAtlantaInternationalAirport,Atlanta,Georgia,UnitedStates:Largestnumberofpassengersannually(1998–2008)Mostarrivalsanddepartures("operations")annually(1999–2000,2005–2007).In2007,Hartsfieldagainsettheworld'srecordformostaircraftmovementsinoneyearwith994,346.Mostflights(2006).*MemphisInternationalAirport,Memphis,Tennessee,UnitedStatesMostcargotrafficbyweightannually.(1993–present)*World'sbusiestairportsbypassengertraffic(Jan-Nov,2008)1.Hartsfield-JacksonAtlantaInternationalAirport82,737,8942.O'HareInternationalAirport64,509,1713.LondonHeathrowAirport61,783,4654.TokyoInternationalAirport61,666,2735.ParisCharlesdeGaulleAirport56,328,2336.LosAngelesInternationalAirport54,796,2767.Dallas-FortWorthInternationalAirport52,429,7968.BeijingCapitalInternationalAirport50,891,9449.FrankfurtAirport49,710,46510.DenverInternationalAirport47,362,329*World'sbusiestairportsbyinternationalpassengertraffic,20071.LondonHeathrowAirport,London62,099,5302.CharlesdeGaulleInternationalAirport,Paris54,901,5643.AmsterdamAirportSchiphol,Amsterdam47,677,5704.FrankfurtAirport,Frankfurt47,087,6995.HongKongInternationalAirport,HongKong46,281,000*6.SingaporeChangiAirport,Singapore35,221,2037.NaritaInternationalAirport,Tokyo34,289,0648.DubaiInternationalAirport,Dubai33,481,2579.SuvarnabhumiAirport,Bangkok31,632,71610.LondonGatwickAirport,London31,139,116*World'sbusiestairportsbycargotraffic,2007(MetricTonnes)1.MemphisInternationalAirportMemphis,Tennessee,UnitedStates3,840,4912.HongKongInternationalAirportNewTerritories,HongKong,People'sRepublicofChina3,773,9643.TedStevensAnchorageInternationalAirportAnchorage,Alaska,UnitedStates2,825,5114.ShanghaiPudongInternationalAirportPudong,Shanghai,People'sRepublicofChina2,559,3105.IncheonInternationalAirportIncheon,SeoulNationalCapitalArea,SouthKorea2,555,580*6.CharlesDeGaulleInternationalAirportSeine-et-Marne/Seine-Saint-Denis/Val-d'Oise,Île-de-France,France2,297,8967.NaritaInternationalAirportNarita,Chiba,Kantō,Honshū,Japan2,254,4218.FrankfurtAirportFlughafen(FrankfurtamMain),Frankfurt,Hesse,Germany2,127,4649.LouisvilleInternationalAirportLouisville,Kentucky,UnitedStates2,078,94710.MiamiInternationalAirportMiami,Florida,UnitedStates1,922,985*World'slargestairlines(1)Scheduledinternationalpassengerscarried2007(thousands)1Ryanair49,0302Lufthansa41,3223AirFrance31,5494EasyJet30,1735BritishAirways28,3026KLM23,1657AmericanAirlines21,4798EmiratesAirline20,4489SingaporeAirlines18,95710CathayPacific17,695*(2)Scheduledinternationalfreighttonne-kilometresflown(millions),20071KoreanAirCargo9,4982LufthansaCargo8,3363CathayPacific8,2254SingaporeAirlinesCargo7,9455FedExExpress6,4706ChinaAirlines6,3017AirFrance6,1238EmiratesAirline5,4979Cargolux5,48210UPSAirlines5,077*2.3LandTransportationRailtransportationcostsabout3timesasmuchaswatertransportation,andtrucktransportationcostsabout10timesasmuch.LandBridgeSiberianLandBridge(EurasiaLandBridge),pdfgifNewAsian-EuropeanLandBridgeU.S.LandBridge:Mini-LandBridge,Micro-LandBridge,OCP(OverlandCommonPoints)*3.Travel3.1SceneryFujiSan,Canyonlands3.2NationalparkTheworld'sfirstnationalpark,YellowstoneNationalPark,wasestablishedintheUnitedStatesin1872.TheUnitedStates:YellowstoneNationalPark@*3.3Leadingexportersandimportersoftravel,2007**4.OtherCommercialServicesi)communicationservices;ii)constructionservices;iii)insuranceservices;iv)financialservices;v)computerandinformationservices;vi)royaltiesandlicensefees;vii)otherbusinessservices;viii)personal,cultural,andrecreationalservices.*4.1Majorexportersandimportersoffinancialservices,2006**ReferenceUNCTAD:REVIEWOFMARITIMETRANSPORT,2008Wikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia骆许蓓：《论双边贸易研究中重力模型的距离因素》jpg，《世界经济文汇》，2003年第2期。*QuestionsListtheportsofSino-WesternEuropeLineandSino-EasternNorthAmericaLine.HowmanyoceaniccontainerlinehastheNingboportset?ShouldChinaprotecthercommercialservicetrade?Why?