中西酒文化对比

WineCultureofChinatheWesternWorld1Introduction23Wine-Making4WineCustomscontentOrigin5ConclusionLead-inLiquoroccupyedanimportantpositioninpeople’slifefromitsappearance.Historically-anindispensablepartofculture.WiththedifferentculturalbackgroundofChinaandtheWesternworld,itformeddifferentwineculture.TheoriginofChinesewineYiDi(仪狄）---ItwassaidthatduringXiaDynastywhentherulerYuwasinpower,YiDiinventedbrewingofalcoholicdrinks.《LuShiChunqiu》said,"YiDibrewedalcoholicdrinks."DuKang(杜康）---OnelegendsaysthatDuKongoriginatedbrewingofalcoholicdrinks,(DuKonglivedinXiaDynasty).《ExplanationofArticlesandwords》（说文解字）issuedinEastHanDynastyexplainedthetermof"alcoholicdrink"saying:"DuKongbrewedalcoholicdrink."我国酿酒起源的传说人类很早就懂得了酿造多种不同的酒类来作为日常生活中的饮料。据考证，大约在公元前20世纪至公元前15世纪。古埃及、古希腊以及中国古代的先民已经掌握了简单的酿酒技术，并可用五谷、各种果子及不同的原料来酿制不同味道的酒。在古代，往往将酿酒的起源归于某某人的发明，把这些人说成是酿酒的祖宗。有关我国酿酒起源的传说有以下几种说法：仪狄酿酒杜康酿酒酿酒始于黄帝时期酒与天地同时TheoriginofWesternwineMiddleeasternorigin--Therewasaconcubine（妾）disfavoredbythePersiankingopportunely（恰好）toseethegrapeslabeledpoisonandwantedtodie.Shedrunkitandfeltasenseofintoxication（陶醉）whenshewaswaitingtodie.TheBible-Theearliestwrittenaccountofviniculture(葡萄酒酿造法）isintheOldTestamentoftheBiblewhichtellsusthatNoahplantedavineyardandmadewine.(诺亚的葡萄园)WINE-MAKINGcategoriesChinaWest2)Grain-basedbaijiu(白酒literally"whiteliquor"),alsocalled'Shaojiu’“hotliquor"or"burnedliquor"Grain-basedhuangjiuandchoujiu黃酒literally"yellowliquor”)3)Whitewines2)Pink/rosewine1)RedwinesPreparingtheseedmash▼Brewingthemainmash▼Concurrent(搅拌)▼Separate▼Distillation（蒸馏）ChinaGrowinggrapesInitialprocessing（初步加工）Alcohol（葡萄汁转化酒精）Malo-lacticfermentation（发酵）Wineryaging（存放）Filtration（过滤）Pasteurization(加热杀菌)BottlingwineWestMaterialsGrapeSaccharomycescerevisiaeGrainsWaterLiquorstarter(酒曲)CHINAWESTwinecustomsWinefestivalsinancienttimeTheDionysia(ancientGreece)狂欢节TheBacchanalia(ancientRome)古罗马酒神节Americanwinefestival美国酒节日InternationalBerlinBeerFestival 柏林国际啤酒节Wine(Dionysus)andtheWesterncultureWinecustomsofHannationalityJiuXiWinegameDuanWuNvErHongChinesepoetryWinecustomsofethnicminority"Yinzajiu"(饮匝酒)(northernandwesternareas)ConclusionWinecultureisamirrortohumanculture.WestenerbelievewinewasmadebyGod,andtheChinesethinkwinewasmadebyhuman.Chinesewinewasmadefromrice,theWesternwinewasmadefromgrape.ThedifferencewascausedbydifferentgeographicalconditionsofChinaandtheWesternworld.Chinahasrichandfertilizeplain.Westernworld,especiallytheEurope,mostregionismountainous.Today more and more people discover the culture of this beverage.Wineculturewillbeanewmeansforcross-culturalcommunicationWineandChinesePoemOver6000poemsinTangpoetryareaboutliquor"ImmortalofWine"InvitationToWine《将进酒》Wineasanimageofpoemcreationpossessesthemagicformulatobeingalivebeyondtimeandspace,andvariousspiritofitsculturemakesthethemesandmeaningsofpoemsgreatdifferent."Yinzajiu"(饮匝酒)ispopularinthenorthernandwesternareasofChina.Duringfestivalsorwhenservingguests,hostswillbringoutajarofwineandallthepeoplesittogetheraroundthewinejarwithabambooorreedstrawintheirhands.They'lldrinkthewinetogetherthroughthestraws.Maybeit'snotthemosthygienicway,butitcanimprovecommunication.AtthevariousceremoniesheldbytheTibetansorMongolians,asthefirstreputationholdsawineandcupup,dipshisrightringfingerintothewineandflicksthewineinthedirectionofthesky,thendipshisfingeragainandflicksthewineinthedirectionoftheground,andfinallyflicksthewinetowardsthewest.Thismeansheisofferingwinetothegodofheaven,thegodoftheearthandhisancestors.TheAwapeoplekeepaninterestingdrinkingcustoms.Thehostdrinksfirstbeforeproposingatoast,thusdisarmingtheguest’ssuspicions.Andtheguestdrinkstothebottomtoshowhissincerity.TheYipeopleareveryhospitable.Theyhaveaproverbthat“theHanpeopleattachimportancetoteaandweYipeopleattachimportancetowine.Thereisnodinnerwithoutwine.”Theysitonthegroundinacirclewhentheyhavevisitors.Thentheydrinkfromasinglecupbyturn.Atfestivals,Yigirlsstandinfrontoftheirhouseorontheroadsidewithawinejugintheirhands.Theyinvitepassersbytostuckthewinefromthejugwithawheatstalk.WhentheYipeopletakeanoaththeydrink“bloodwine.”Ataceremonytheykillacockandallowbloodtodropintothewine.Theoath-takersdrinkthewinetothebottomtoshowtheywillneverbreaktheiroath.Dionysus（希腊神话中的酒神）wasaverypopulargodintheancientworld,anddozensofdifferentfestivalsdedicatedtohimexistedthroughouttheancientGreekworld.why:theinterpreterdidn'tstopitWhy:behaviorofChineseteamwhy:behaviorofAmericanteamhow:improvethesituationCase12Why：behaviorofChineseteamThemajorityoftheChineseworkersdoesn'trealizethevalueoftimeForChineseteam,thereisatimetowork,atimetorest,atimetoeat,atimetoenjoyfriendsInChina,Chineseworkersareusedtowaitinggettingoffwork,workisplacedatsecondseat.Why:behaviorofAmericanteamFacingwithworker,AmericanpeoplehaveastrictandseriousruleAmericanpeoplehaveaimportantsenseoftimevalueAmericanpeopleenjoyworkinginworkingtime,enjoyentertaimentinresttimerespectivelyWhy:theinterpreterdidn'tstopitChinesepeoplearenoteasytoacceptothers'suggestions,especiallywhichareintentedtocriticizethemChinesepeoplelikeguardingtheirself-respectandlife-styleItisahardworkfortheinterpretertoovercometheobstaclesinthecross-culture,butonlytoimproveitHow:improvethesituationDoasRomendo.ChineseworkersshouldbetrainedtocooperatewiththeAmericanteam.Forstingthesenseoftimevalue,Chineseworkersshouldtakeworkersseriously.communicationisabridge,ChineseworkersshouldcommunicatewiththeforeignteamstimelyThankyou