美国小学五年级英语单词词库

SVUSD–Grade5Lesson1ReviewofShortVowelsGeneralization:InonesyllablewordswithaCVCorVCpatternandclosedsyllableswithaVCCVsyllablejuncturepatternthevowelsoundisusuallyshort∫Short/a/Short/e/Short/i/Short/o/Short/u/strandsketchwhichgonescrubbranchdentistshrinkbottomthumbhandlefriendtrickblondhundredhandsomequestionskimmedstrongnumberrandomcreditglistenpocketsupperblanketmeantwindydollarpumpkinanswerweatherquitdoctortunnelanimalwhetherfifthcommonchuckleperhapssentenceuntilblotchthunderfriendpretzellittleoftenstubbornaddressseveralsimpledolphinconductdrasticeverybodypicturegossiptantrumfractioneverythingdistanceclosetrepublicpracticeeveryonechildrenbombardcustomerlanguagestretchwrittencontracttrumpetcactusspecklestrictthoughtsupplyscratchthemselvestrillionconstantuproarchapterrememberdifficultpovertymultitudehusbandSeptembersquinttripodabducttraveledsteadywrinklecontroversyinstructionaccidentfeatherindicateconstitutionrouteconstantlyalreadyconsidercorrespondsuccesschampiontogetheroriginalillogicalreductiondemandedbreakfasttheoreticalautonomyunderstandCaliforniahealthyPacificmicroscopicsuddenlysubtractioninsteadsqueamishgossamerprofanityexpensivedifferentpossibledifferentialprobablyHomophoneoftheweek–there,their,they’reSVUSD–Grade5Lesson2ReviewofLongVowelsGeneralization:Longvowelsoundsarethosethatproducethesoundoftheletter’snameasinmake,read,bike,boat,tune.SyllableswithlongvowelsoundsareoftenmarkedbytwovowelsandusuallyfollowaCVCeoraVCVpattern.OpensyllableswithaV/CVjunctureproducealongvowelsound.Long/a/Long/e/rangetheseretrievephasethemebecausestrangebeforefeasiblebehavewheelcomedianbreakasleepdecidedmaybebetweenchangemetergreatsecretremainfeverafraidcompetestraightdegreesquaintteacherremaintreasonnaturecompletenationreallynavyeitherstrayleavesdisplayleastcrayonincreaseravenbreathefablekneadingWednesdaypiecesleighshriekglacierbelievepreyrelieftheyachievementHomophoneoftheweek–root,routeSVUSD–Grade5Lesson3ReviewofLongVowelSoundslong/i/,/o/,/u/Generalization:Longvowelsoundsarethosethatproducethesoundoftheletter’snameasinmake,read,bike,boat,tune.SyllableswithlongvowelsoundsareoftenmarkedbytwovowelsandusuallyfollowaCVCeoraVCVpattern.OpensyllableswithaV/CVjunctureproducealongvowelsound.Long/1/Long/o/Long/u/diechoseusebyestrokehugestylequoteconfusestrikeclothescomputecrimeremoteamuseprizeencloseincludewriteglobecruisewhilesupposevolumelightfollowmoleculeideaknowjuicesizebothbruisepilotdoeshrewdarrivecoachstrewnquitegrownmusictightenthroatTuesdaysilentapproachrumorcombinegrowthhumandescribehollowinstrumentsurprisethrowschooladmiresolarchooseexerciseoceansmoothlydisguisenoticecruelheightrotatefooledHomophoneoftheweek–weather,whetherSVUSD–Grade5Lesson4Wordswiththe/j/soundGeneralization:Whenthe/j/soundatthebeginningofawordorsyllableisfollowedbye,i.ory(ginger,gypsum)thesoundisrepresentedbytheconsonantg.Whenthe/j/soundfollowsalongvowelsound(cage)itisrepresentedbytheletters–ge.Whenthe/j/soundfollowsashortvowelsound(lodge)itisrepresentedbytheletters–dge.g--ge-dgegiantstageedgegingerragebridgegempagefudgegymrangebadgelogicsavageledgeagilegaugeridgefragilestrangedodgemarginobligetrudgeimagineagentpledgegypsychangeabridgegrungystrangeknowledgelongitudesiegelegiblebulgegiganticmagicianengineereligiblelegitimategigantichygienegymnasticsapologyreligionoriginallegislatureHomophoneoftheweek–wrote,roteSVUSD–Grade5Lesson5Diphthongsforthe/oi/SoundinTwoSyllableWordsGeneralization:Adiphthongisthesoundproducedbyonevowelglidingintoanotherandisrepresentedbytwovowels(ou,oi,oy,ow).Diphthongscanbeinopenandclosedsyllables(royal,moisture),andinstressedandunstressedsyllables(counter,annoy).oioyouowmoistureboycottcouncilallowappointroyalaboutbrowniebroilerannoyoutlinepowerpoisonenjoycountyvowelpointlessloyalamountshowermoistenemploycountdowncowardrejoicesoybeancounterdrowsyavoidvoyageaboundprowlerdevoiddestroylousybrowsingturquoiseoysterarousechowderointmentemployeemountainjoyousannouncebountymouthfulHomophoneoftheweek–shone,shownSVUSD–Grade5Lesson6CompoundWordsGeneralization:Acompoundwordisawordformedfromtwoormoresmallerwords.Themeaningofacompoundwordisrelatedtothemeaningofthesmallerwordswithinit.Therearethreetypesofcompoundwords:•closed:thesmallerwordsformonewholeword(baseball)•open:thesmallerwordsareseparatedbyaspace(milkshake)•hyphenated:thesmallerwordsarejoinedbyahyphen(twenty-five)Infrequently,alettermaybedroppedinformingacompoundword(almost,also).Donotleaveoutaletterwhenthelastandbeginninglettersofthesmallerwordsarethesame(roommate)ClosedOpenHyphenatedhighwayfirstaidbrand-newweekendhighschoolforty-fourvolleyballninety-ninetouchdownmake-believeclassmatefirst-rateThanksgivingcold-bloodedwheelchairbrother-in-lawsalespersonmerry-go-roundfirecrackertwenty-onegranddaughtergood-byeskyscrapercold-bloodedwhereaboutsbasketballchalkboardbroadcastcounterclockwisehitchhikereverybodyHomophoneoftheweek-ring,wringSVUSD–Grade5Lesson7PluralsGeneralization:Themostcommonwaytoformapluralistoadd‘s’tothesingularformofthenoun.Inwordsthatendwithconsonant-‘y’,change‘y’to‘i’andthenadd‘es’.Pluralsareformedwithvowel-ywordsbyadding‘s’changeytoichangeftovaddeschangessistosescitieshalvesheroescrisisladieslivestomatoesparenthesesbodiesselvespotatoeshypothesesreplieskniveseschoesskieswolvesvolcanoesfamiliescalvesvetoeschangeumtoacountiesscarvescountriesdatamemoriesmediarepliesvowel-ychangeatoaemillenniasuppliesbacteriacoloniesturkeyslarvaeenemiesvalleysvertebraelibertiesmonkeysalgaeChangeustoilibrariesholidaysrivalriesjourneyscactistrategiesradiidictionariesfunginucleistimulialumniHomophoneoftheweek–too,to,twoSVUSD–Grade5Lesson8ReviewofOpenandClosedSyllablesVCCVandVCVGeneralization:Opensyllablestypicallyendwithalongvowelsound.Closedsyllablesendwithaconsonantandhaveashortvowelsound.Thesyllablebreak(juncture)inVCCVspellingpatternsoccursbetweenthetwoconsonants(sur-vive,ap-pear).ThesyllablejunctureinVCVspellingpatternsissometimesbeforetheconsonantandsometimesafterdependingonwhetherthesyllableisopen(bro-ken)orclosed(wag-on).VCCVVCCVVCVVCVtwoconsonantsdoubleconsonantsopensyllableclosedsyllableexpertfunnynaturerobinuntilhappenstudentnevercanyonprettybecauselimitchaptergossipmusiccolumncompassmattressenoughshrivelcostumetissuebeyondvanishrescuecommitbeneathlevelfancyessayfinerstomachdistantgiggleridernaturalwelcomewrappermomentcustomercertaininningfeaturesaxophoneharvestmirroreithercomedymembranepillardeclaresedentaryconsumevaccinerespectvacuumcomplainquarrelacreacrobatathletecellarchosengravitycondemnraccoonspokenhabitatpungentmoccasinteachernegativehusbandscaffoldtrophyliteralcursorterracevacancybenefitcactusdifferentfavoriteprobablyfinallyHomophoneoftheweek–peddle,petal,pedalSVUSD–Grade5Lesson9AddingEndingstoClosedandOpenSyllablesGeneralization:ClosedSyllables:Doublethefinalconsonantbeforeaddingasuffixwhenthewordisasingle-syllablewordorwhenthelastsyllableisstressed,(sad-sadden,omit-omitted).Donotchangetherootwordbeforeaddingasuffixifthewordendsinaconsonantblendordigraphorifthefirstsyllableisstressed(dust-dusting,watch-watched,gossip-gossiped,)Opensyllable:Dropthefinalebeforeaddingasuffixthatbeginswithavowel(slide–sliding)ClosedClosedOpensaddendustingslidingchippedrentedshiningscarredhelpingnamedwinnersiftedscaringbiggestfasterriderrunningcombedtamestmattedscratchedusableadmittedlongestmopingpropelledwalkerlikablequittingstalkingseizingpermittedattachedbelievedregrettedexhaustedprecededforgettingsuggestingretiringstarredcollectingwritingblurredcomplainersupposedoccurredopeningpiledreferredguessingstaredpreferredhappeneddaringcontrollingrememberedmopingcommittedbuttonedconferredlabeledtravelingsqueakingHomophoneoftheweek–earn,urnSVUSD–Grade5Lesson10StressinHomographsGeneralization:Homographsarewordsthathavethesamespellingbutdifferentmeaningsandpronunciations.Intwo-syllablehomographs,nounstypicallyhaveastressonthefirstsyllableandverbsonthesecond.Note:DictionariesgenerallylisthomographsasseparateentrieswithsuperscriptsFirstSyllableStressSecondorlastsyllablestress(noun)re’cord(verb)record’≈protestprotestconductconductsubjectsubjectextractextractpermitpermitinsertinsertrebelrebelconflictconflicttransfertransfercombinecombinepresentpresentproduceproduceobjectobjectcontentcontentaddressaddressprojectprojectprogressprogressconsoleconsolecontractcontractconventconventinvalidinvalidalternatealternatesuspectsuspectHomophoneoftheweek–sweetsuiteSVUSD–Grade5Lesson11StressinVCVWordsGeneralization:InwordswiththeVCVspellingpattern,thefirstsyllableisusuallystressedunlessitisaprefix.Inthesecasesthestressisusuallyonthesecondsyllable.InwordswiththeVCVspellingFirstSyllableSecondSyllableStressStressmeterbabybelowdefendpilotwriterregardbecausefamousbasicbeforedeclarewagonbaconbelieverespectdinerchosenbeyondbelonghabitmomentdecidedefinevividhumandemandprecisefamoussilentpreparereceiptpunishfemalepretenddesiremanagestolenpreventrequirepromisenavyremainreduceleversilentrepairdesignmoderncraterresistselectpalacehumidreturndelayshovellaborstomachpiratetravelrumorvolumespiralweathervacantsabotageflavorvegetablesirenHomophoneoftheweek–sole,soulSVUSD–Grade5Lesson12StressinVCCVWordsGeneralization:InwordswiththeVCCVspellingpatternthefirstsyllableisusuallystressedwhenthewordisanounoranadjective.Tthestressisusuallyonthesecondsyllablewhenthewordisaverborawordroot(scribe,duct).FirstSyllableStressSecondSyllableStresswelcomeattendofferperformexpertsupportharvestsurvivefellowescapebarberallowtenderdisturbcommonsupposeurgentabsorbpersonadmiredentistalthoughnostrilcompletechildrencomposechapterignorepicnicconfessfoggycontainsuddenadmitcottageescapefissionsuggesttissuecompelsherbetoccurpaddockrevisesolventexcelsignalobtaininstanceconservestandardattackcandidacycarnivorouspersuasionHomophoneoftheWeek–soar,soreSVUSD–Grade5Lesson13StressinThreeSyllableWordsGeneralization:Inathreesyllableword,thefirstsyllableisusuallystressedunlessitisaprefix.Closeattentiontotheunstressedsyllableorsyllablesisbeneficialwhenstudyingthespellingofthreesyllablewords,asiscarefulexaminationoftherootsandaffixesofthesewords.Becausethereareoftenmanydifferentwaystospellcertainvowelpatterns,particularattentionmustalsobepaidtothisfeatureofwords.FirstSyllableStressSecondSyllableStresslibraryunableaverageimportantalphabettomorrowbeautifulcorrectionamateursemesterhumorousanothernominateeditionpatriotremembermysteryprotectionsubstituteapprenticefavoriteendurancedifferentexcitementprobablysincerelycharactermosquitogovernmentremaindergrandfatherneglectfulhamburgerabsorbentcamerademeritpoisonoussequentialsimilarjudiciallisteningcourageousphysicaldecidedseparatedependentHomophoneoftheWeek–vane,vein,vainSVUSD–Grade5Lesson14R-ControlledVowelPatternsintheStressedSyllable(are.air,ar/er,er,ear,ir,ur)Generalization:Vowelsoundsvarynoticeablyasaneffectoftheconsonantunitsthatsurroundthem.Someconsonantsinfluencevowelsmorethanothers.Theinfluenceof‘r’isthemostradicalareairar/erbewareaircrafttariffbarefootaffairperishcarefulfairgroundcherishcompareprairieterracespareribsstairwaysheriffrepairterrordespairheraldheroncheruberearirurversusearlychirphurryemergeearthquakecircusturkeyhermitrehearseconfirmsurprisemerchantresearchdirtysurvivenervousyearningfirmlysurroundsermonblearyflirtingservicesirlointhermalthirstythermosvirtueverbalwhirlwindHomophoneoftheweek–Mary,marry,merrySVUSD–Grade5Lesson15R-ControlledVowelPatternsintheStressedSyllable(ear,eer,ere,or,oar,our)Generalization:Vowelsoundsvarynoticeablyasaneffectoftheconsonantunitsthatsurroundthem.Someconsonantsinfluencevowelsmorethanothers.Theinfluenceof‘r’isthemostradicaloroarourcordialaboardcourthousedormanthoardmournfulfloralmourningfloristyourselfforagesourceforfeitcourseformalfortuneforwardportraittortoiseordereareerereappearcareeradheredrearyjeeringaustereearachepeeringmerelyspearmintcheerfulreverewearyleerysevereyearsincereHomophoneoftheweek–mist,missedSVUSD–Grade5Lesson16R-ControlledVowelPatternsintheFinalUnstressedSyllableVowelPattern/er/Generalization:Vowelsoundsvarynoticeablyasaneffectoftheconsonantunitsthatsurroundthem.Someconsonantsinfluencevowelsmorethanothers.Theinfluenceof‘r’isthemostradicalNote:Wordspertainingtopeopletendtoendwith(er)or(or).Adjectivesusuallyendin(er)or(ar).erarorbordercornerburglaractortractorcancerfeathercedaranchortraitorcheaperquartercheddarauthortutorfartherpassengerdollarcursorvaporfounderdiscovergrammardirectorvisitorgrocerconquerlunardoctornavigatorjoggerleathermolareditoraviatorplumberhelicoptermortarerrorsculptorquickersurrenderscholarequatorsenatorsoldierwaitersugarfavormajoryoungerbarbercalendargovernorharborconsumercharactercircularhorrorhonorcomposerlistenermuscularjurornarratoremployersaucerbeggarhumorpredatorofficerdiameterpillarmayorendeavordisasterperimetercollarmirrorprofessorcylinderprowlerlunarneighbormotorhamburgerchowderpolarrumorlaborcustomersimilarsailorrefrigeratorcomputerparticularscissorsagitatorbutcherfamiliarsplendorinspectorlawyerrectangularsponsorinvestigatoranswerspectacularterrorHomophoneoftheWeek–lie,lyeSVUSD–Grade5Lesson17R-ControlledVowelPatternsintheFinalUnstressedSyllable‘-ure’Generalization:Vowelsoundsvarynoticeablyasaneffectoftheconsonantunitsthatsurroundthem.Someconsonantsinfluencevowelsmorethanothers.Theinfluenceof‘r’isthemostradicalurecher/sherureureureure/ch∂r//ch∂r//sher//jer//yer//zhr/capturebleacherfissureinjurefailureclosurecreaturebutcherpressurefigureleisureculturecatchertenuremeasurefeaturepitcherpleasurefixturepreacherseizurefracturestretchertreasuregestureteacherlecturevouchermixturemoisturenaturepictureposturepuncturerupturesculpturetexturetorturevulturefutureHomophoneoftheweek–flare,flairSVUSD–Grade5Lesson18FinalUnstressedSyllableVowelPattern-/ij/,/is/Generalization:Inthefinalunstressedsyllablethereareoftenmultiplespellingsforonepatternsound/ij//is/ageedgeidgeaceiceise/isucebandageknowledgecartridgefurnacebodiceporpoiselettucecabbageselvedgepartridgegrimacecrevicepromisecarriageporridgemenacejusticetortoisecottagenecklacelatticecouragepalacemaliceaxisdamageprefacenovicebasisdosagesurfacenoticecrisisdrainageterraceofficetennisgarbagepracticeirishomageservicetrellishostagesolsticeimagelanguageluggagemanagemarriagemessagepackagevoyagepostagerummagesausageHomophoneoftheweek–wail,whale,waleSVUSD–Grade5Lesson19FinalUnstressedSyllableVowelPatterns(‘l,∂l)Generalization:InthefinalunstressedsyllablethereareoftenmultiplespellingsforonepatternsoundNote:Wordsendingwith(al)tendtobeadjectives.Whendecidingbetween(il)or(le),itisusefultoknowthatmanymorewordsendwith(le)than(el).alil/ileellecentralcivilangelanglefatalevilbarrelfablefinalfossilmodeltableglobalpencilcamelstaplemedalpupilnovelsettleroyaltonsilnickelcycleruralstencilcancelbattletotaltranquiljewelcircleovalgerbillabelpeoplevocalperiltoweltroubleneutralcouncilgravelsubtlepluralagiletraveltriplejournalsterilesequeldoublementalfragilekennelsamplenormalmobilekernelsinglepostalfutilechannelwhistlespiraldocilequarrelwrinkleseveralfertileshriveltrianglegeneralhostilepretzelarticlehospitalmissilesnorkelpicklepersonalsquirrelscribbleaccidentalsnorkelsprinkleindividualscoundrelstruggleanimalexampleHomophoneoftheweek–manor,mannerSVUSD–Grade5Lesson20FinalUnstressedSyllableVowelPattern/’n//schwan/Generalization:InthefinalunstressedsyllablethereareoftenmultiplespellingsforonepatternsoundHelpfulhint:Mostverbsandadjectivesendwith(en).Ifthewordisanoun(on)shouldbeafirstconsideration.anainoninenhumanagainbuttoncabinopenorphancaptaincommonrobinravenorganvillainlessonbasinhappenslogancertainbaconcoffinlistenurbanfountainaproncousinchosenAmericanbargainpoisondolphinsuddencurtainpersonmarginevenmountainarsonpenguinovenchaplaincartonpumpkinheavencottonraisinsirendragontoxinwomengallonchildrenironoftenmelonswollenpardonsullenprisonlengthenreasonbeaconsalmonseasonsermontreasonweaponsquadronHomophoneoftheweek–peer,pierSVUSD–Grade5Lesson21SilentandSoundedConsonantsGeneralization:SilentconsonantsareusuallysoundedinthederivedformSilentConsonantSoundedConsonantsignsignal/signaturemoistenmoistdesigndesignate/designationbombbombardcondemncondemnationmusclemuscularresignresignationsolemnsolemnityhastenhastebenignbenignantcolumncolumnistcrumbcrumbledebtdebitdoubtdubiousfastenfastheirinherithymnhymnalmalignmalignant/malignancyvehicleamnesiamnemonicvehicularHomophoneoftheweek-cash,cacheSVUSD–Grade5Lesson22ConsonantAlternationswithpronunciationandspellingchanges/s/to/sh/and/t/to/sh/Generalization:Consonantalternationsinvolveachangeinthefinalconsonantsoundwithinrelatedwordsandandrequiresachangeinspellingwhenthewordendsinvowel.Spelling&PronunciationPronunciationdrope–addialcommerce/commercialconfident/confidentialface/facialpart/partialfinance/financialpresident/presidentialoffice/officialresident/residentialprejudice/prejudicialtorrent/torrentialrace/racialsacrifice/sacrificialdropce–addtialcircumstance/circumstantialfinance/financialinfluence/influentialpalace/palatialpreference/preferentialresidence/residentialsequence/sequentialspace/spatialsubstance/substantialHomophoneoftheweek–maise,mazeSVUSD–Grade5Lesson23VowelAlternationsLongtoShortandLongtoSchwaGeneralization:Vowelalternationsrequireachangeinthesoundofthevowelpatternfromonerelatedwordtoanother;but,usually,nochangeinspelling.Note:thespellingofthebasewordprovidesalinktothederivedform.LongtoShortLongtoSchwadivide/divisioncombine/combinationtelevise/televisionrepeat/repetitionprecise/precisioninvite/invitationnature/naturalcompose/compositionserene/serenitydivide/dividendplease/pleasantmajor/majorityprovide/provisiondefine/definitionathlete/athleticexplain/explanationbrief/brevityproclaim/proclamationinsane/insanitydesign/designationcrime/criminalgene/geneticsucceedsuccessionoppose/oppositionnation/nationalcomedian/comedyreceive/receptionpreside/presidentprescribe/prescriptionstable/stabilityprofane/profanitypropose/propositionrecede/recessioncompete/competitionrevise/revisionrecite/recitationmicroscope/microscopicreproduce/reproductioninflame/inflammableintroduce/introductioninvite/invitationnarrate/narrationconvene/conventionrelate/relativedream/dreamtfamous/infamousmeter/metricable/abilityHomophoneoftheweek–prays,praiseSVUSD–Grade5Lesson24VowelAlternationsSchwatoShortGeneralization:Vowelalternationsrequireachangeinthesoundofthevowelpatternfromonerelatedwordtoanother;butthereisusuallynochangeinspelling.SchwatoShortmoral/moralitylocal/localitymetal/metallicmedicine/medicinalmedic/medicalagile/agilityhospital/hospitalityhabit/habitatprefect/perfectiongeometric/geometrycriticize/criticpolitics/politicalchronology/chronicbrutal/brutalityvital/vitalityoriginal/originalityfatal/fatalitymobile/mobilityperson/personalitycelebrate/celebritydemocrat/democracyemphasis/emphaticexcellent/excelecological/ecologyacademy/academiceconomic/economyHomophoneoftheWeek–faint,feintSVUSD–Grade5Lesson25HomophoneReviewGeneralization:Homophonesarewordssoundalikebuthavedifferentspellingsandmeaningsstaircymbalmistminerfeatalterstaresymbolmissedminorfeetaltarboreveilraincellarfourblueboarvalereinsellerforblewreignforepreywrotehangerherdprayrotescenehangarhiheardseenhighscentlaidcoarsehearcentlayedwho’scoursecloseheresentwhoseclothesloanprincipalmightporelonebrakeprinciplehorsemitepourbreakhoarsepoorwarnprophetknewworndiedprofitshownnewhealdyedshoneheelmainwriteholehe’llmanetheirrightweatherwholetherewhetherpiecesothey’retothroughpeacesewtwoknowthrewsowtoonomaidmainwaymadewitchmaneyourourweighwhichyou’rehourwouldverywoodonevarywheregreatwonweargrateHomophoneoftheweek–wade,weighedSVUSD–Grade5Lesson26Prefixesper-,pre-,pro-Generalization:Aprefixisaunitofmeaningthatattachest