考研考博-英语-山西师范大学考试押题卷含答案详解汇编

书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山西师范大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！卷I一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题Withhisface（）byamask,thefiremandashedintothehouseonfire.问题1选项A.hiddenB.concealedC.screenedD.buried【答案】C【解析】四个词都有“掩饰,掩藏”之意,但侧重点不同。hide—般用于hidesb/sthinaplace；conceal隐瞒,一般表示“掩饰,不让别人发现”；screen表示“遮蔽以起到保护的效果”；bury表示“埋葬”。根据句意可知,所以C符合语境。2.单选题TheplanetVenus,likeEarth,spinsonitsown（）asitorbitstheSun.问题1选项A.splinterB.indexC.axisD.trace【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项splinter“碎片”；B选项index“指数”；C选项axis“轴线”；D选项trace“痕迹”。句意：金星和地球一样，绕着太阳公转，也绕着自己的轴心自转。本句表示自转轴。因此C选项正确。3.单选题Shakenbytwodecadesofvirtualanarchy,themajorityofpeoplewerereadytobuy_____atanyprice.问题1选项A.orderB.emancipationC.hopeD.liberty【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。order“命令，顺序”；emancipation“解放，释放”；hope“希望”；liberty“自由”。句意：被二十年实质无政府状态所动摇，大多数人们将不惜一切代价购买规则。选项A符合题意。    4.单选题Takentogether,income,occupation,andeducationaregoodmeasuresofpeople'ssocialstanding.Usingalayeredmodelofstratification,mostsociologistsdescribetheclasssystemintheUnitedStatesasdividedintoseveralclasses:upper,uppermiddle,middle,lowermiddle,andlowerclass.Eachclassisdefinedbycharacteristicssuchasincome,occupationalprestige,andeducationalattainment.Thedifferentgroupsarearrayedalongacontinuumwiththosewiththemostmoney,education,andprestigeatthetopandthosewiththeleastatthebottom.IntheUnitedStates,theupperclassownsthemajorshareofcorporateandpersonalwealth;itincludesthosewhohaveheldwealthforgenerationsaswellasthosewhohaverecentlybecomerich.Onlyaverysmallproportionofpeopleactuallyconstitutetheupperclass,buttheycontrolvastamountsofwealthandpowerintheUnitedStates.Theyexerciseenormouscontrolthroughoutsociety.Mostoftheirwealthisinherited.Despitesocialmythstothecontrary,thebestpredictoroffuturewealthisthefamilyintowhichyouareborn.Eachyear,thebusinessmagazineForbespublishesalistofthe"Forbes400"—thefourhundredwealthiestfamiliesandindividualsinthecountry.OfallthewealthrepresentedontheForbes400list,morethanhalfisinherited,thoseonthelistwhocouldbecalled"self-made"werenottypicallyofmodestorigins;mostinheritedsignificantassets(Forbes,1997;SklarandCollins,1997).Thoseintheupperclasswithnewlyacquiredwealthareknownasthenouveauriche.Althoughtheymayhavevastamountsofmoney,theyareoftennotacceptedinto"oldrich"circles.Theuppermiddleclassincludesthosewithhighincomesandhighsocialprestige.Theytendtobewell-educatedprofessionalsorbusinessexecutives.Theirearningscanbequitehighindeed—successfulbusinessexecutivescanearnmillionsofdollarsayear.Itisdifficulttoestimateexactlyhowmanypeoplefallintothisgroupbecauseofthedifficultyofdrawinglinesbetweentheupper,uppermiddle,andmiddleclass.Indeed,theuppermiddleclassisoftenthoughtofas"middleclass"becausetheirlifestylesetsthestandardtowhichmanyaspire,butthislifestyleissimplybeyondthemeansofamajorityofpeopleintheUnitedStates.Themiddleclassishardtodefine;inpart,being"middleclass"ismorethanjusteconomicposition.ByfarthemajorityofAmericansidentifythemselvesasmiddleclasseventhoughtheyvarywidelyinlifestyleandinresourcesattheirdisposal.ButtheideathattheUnitedStatesisanopen-classsystemleadsmanytothinkthatthemajorityhaveamiddle-classlifestylebecause,ingeneral,peopletendnottowanttorecognizeclassdistinctionsintheUnitedStates.Thus,themiddleclassbecomestheubiquitousnormeventhoughmanywhocallthemselvesmiddleclasshaveatenuousholdonthisclassposition.Inthehierarchyofsocialclass,thelowermiddleclassincludesworkersintheskilledtradesandlow-incomebureaucraticworkers,manyofwhommayactuallydefinethemselvesasmiddleclass.Examplesareblue-collarworkers(thoseinskilledtradeswhodomanuallabor)andmanyserviceworkerssuchassecretaries,hairdressers,waitresses,police,andfirefighters.Mediumtolowincome,education,andoccupationalprestigedefinethelowermiddleclassrelativetotheclassgroupsaboveit.Theterm"lower"inthisclassdesignationreferstotherelativepositionofthegroupinthestratificationsystem,butithasapejorativesoundtomanypeople,especiallytopeoplewhoaremembersofthisclass.Thelowerclassiscomposedprimarilyofthedisplacedandpoor.Peopleinthisclasshavelittleformaleducationandareoftenunemployedorworkinginminimum-wagejobs.Fortypercentofthepoorwork;10percentworkyear-roundandfulltime—aproportionthathasgenerallyincreasedovertime.Recently,theconceptoftheunderclasshasbeenaddedtothelowerclass.Theunderclassincludesthosewhohavebeenleftbehindbycontemporaryeconomicdevelopments.Rejectedfromtheeconomicsystem,thoseintheunderclassmaybecomedependentonpublicassistanceorillegalactivities.1.Whydoestheauthormentionthe"Forbes400”inparagraph3?2.Accordingtoparagraph5,whydomostpeopleidentifythemselvesasmiddleclassintheUnitedStates?3.WhatcanbeinferredaboutpoorpeopleintheUnitedStates?4.Accordingtoparagraph7,whyhastheunderclassemerged?问题1选项A.ToexplainthemeaningofthelistingthatappearseveryyearB.TosupportthestatementthatmostwealthypeopleinherittheirmoneyC.TocastdoubtontheclaimthatfamilyincomepredictsindividualwealthD.Togiveexamplesofsuccessfulpeoplewhohavemodestfamilyconnections问题2选项A.TheyhaveaboutthesamelifestyleaseveryoneelseinthecountryB.Theydon'treallyknowhowtodefinetheirstatusbecauseitisunclearC.TheyprefernottoadmitthatthereareclassdistinctionsintheUnitedStatesD.Theyidentifythemselveswiththemajoritieswhohavenormallifestyles问题3选项A.Theyarenotabletofindentry-leveljobsB.TheydonottrytofindemploymentC.Theyareserviceworkersandmanuallaborers.D.Theyworkinjobsthatrequirelittleeducation问题4选项A.ChangesintheeconomyhavecausedanentireclassofpeopletosurvivebywelfareorcrimeB.ThenewtermwasnecessarybecausethelowerclassenjoyedahigherlifestylethanithadpreviouslyC.TheincreaseincrimehassupportedanewclassofpeoplewholivebyengaginginillegalactivitiesD.Minimum-wagejobsnolongersupportaclassofpeopleatastandardlevelintheeconomicsystem【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。题目提问‘为什么作者在第三段提到“福布斯400强”?’根据第三段第一句Despitesocialmythstothecontrary,thebestpredictoroffuturewealthisthefamilyintowhichyouareborn.“尽管社会上关于他们的神话总与事实相反，但是预测未来财富只要看你出生的家庭就行了”和第四句Thoseonthelistwhocouldbecalled“self-made”werenottypicallyofmodestorigins;mostinheritedsignificantassets.“榜单上那些可以被称为“白手起家”的人并不是典型的出身贫寒；最重要的继承资产。”可以确定B选项“支持大部分富人都是继承了家庭财产的论点”。A选项“解释每年公布财富榜单的意义”没有在文章中提及；C选项“对家庭收入可以推测个人财富这一观点提出质疑”和D选项“举例说明大部分富人与家庭之间的关系不多”与 原文 少年中国说原文俱舍论原文大医精诚原文注音大学原文和译文对照归藏易原文 意思相反。2.细节事实题。题目提问‘根据第5段，为什么在美国大多数人认为自己是中产阶级?’根据第五段第三句ButtheideathattheUnitedStatesinanopen-classsystemleadsmanytothinkthatthemajorityhaveamiddle-classlifestylebecause,ingeneral,peopletendnottowanttorecognizeclassdistinctionsintheUnitedStates.“但是，美国是一个开放的阶级 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 ，这一观点使许多人认为，大多数人都过着中产阶级的生活方式，因为一般来说，人们不愿意承认美国的阶级差别。”和第四句Thus,themiddleclassbecomestheubiquitousnormeventhoughmanywhocallthemselvesmiddleclasshaveatenuousholdonthisclassposition.“因此，中产阶级成为了普遍存在的 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 ，尽管许多自称中产阶级的人对这个阶级地位的把握微乎其微。”确定C选项“人们不愿意去了解阶级的不同”正确。A选项“他们其他人有着相同的生活方式”与原文的不同阶级划分相反，排除；B选项“因为不清楚阶级，所以他们不知道如何去定义自己的位置”没有在文章中提及，排除；D选项“他们认定自己和大多数人一样有着正常的生活方式”与题干没有关联，排除。3.推理判断题。题目提问‘关于美国的穷人，我们可以推断出什么?’根据最后一段第一句Thelowerclassiscomposedprimarilyofthedisplacedandpoor.“较低阶级是由无家可归的穷人组成的”和第二句Peopleinthisclasshavelittleformaleducationandareoftenunemployedorworkinginminimum-wagejobs.“这个阶层的人几乎没有接受过正规教育，经常失业或从事最低工资的工作。”确定D选项“他们从事的工作不要求高学历”正确。A选项“他们无法找到初级职位”和B选项“他们没有尝试找工作”没有在文章中提及。C选项“他们属于服务行业人员和手工劳动者”根据文章信息，这类人是属于中下阶级，与题干不符。4.细节事实题。题目提问‘根据第7段，为什么出现了下层阶级?’根据最后一段第五句Theunderclassincludesthosewhohavebeenleftbehindbycontemporaryeconomicdevelopment.“下层阶级包括那些被当代经济发展抛在后面的人。”和第六句Rejectedfromtheeconomicsystem,thoseintheunderclassmaybecomedependentonpublicassistanceorillegalactivities.“被排斥在经济体系之外的下层阶级可能会依赖公共援助或非法活动。”确定A选项“经济体系的变化导致底层的人只能靠社会救济或者违法行为来生存”。 5.单选题Asthemanagerwasawayonabusinesstrip,Iwasaskedto______theweeklystaffmeeting.问题1选项A.presideB.introduceC.chairD.dominate【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项preside“主持，指挥”，为不及物动词，后面常接over；B选项introduce“介绍”；C选项chair“担任主席，主持(会议、讨论等)”，为及物动词；D选项dominate“支配，控制”。句意：经理出差了，我被要求主持每周的员工会议。6.单选题Neitherofthesereasons（ ）ourallowinghimtopassafterhedidsopoorlyinthephysicsexamination.问题1选项A.rectifiesB.notifiesC.signifiesD.justifies【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。rectify意为“改正，校正”；notify意为“通报，通知”；signify意为“说明，预示，表达”；justify意为“证明……正确(或正当、有理)，为……辩护”。句意：他在物理考试中表现这么差之后，这两个原因都不是我们允许他通过的理由。7.单选题Theapparentpurposeofallowingthegovernmenttoinvestthetrustfundistotakeadvantageofthehigherreturnsfromprivatecapitalmarkets.Thereisstrongevidence,though,thatthegovernment’sinvestmentpolicysubstantiallycouldundercutthereturnsitotherwisemightexpecttoreceive.HighcapitalmarketreturnsintheUSarederivedfromthehighproductivityofcapitalandtheefficiencyofthemarket.InvestmentoftheSocialsecuritytrustfundinprivatecapitalmarketswillhurtbothofthesesourcesofAmericaneconomicperformance;capitalwillbelessproductiveandmarketswillbelessefficient.A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestmentsaroundtheworldfoundthattheygenerallyearnedlowerannualreturnsthanprivatelymanagedpensioninvestments.Itshowedthatgovernmentsgenerallypursuedoneoftwopoliciesfortheirinvestments,bothfundamentallyflawed.Onewastoinvestheavilyingovernmentsecurities,whichcansuchlowerreturnsthan,forexample,stocks.Therearetworeasonsforthispolicy.First,thereisacautionarysearchforsafeinvestmentsbecausegovernmentsfearthepoliticalreactionifamoreaggressiveinvestmentpolicyweretoleadtoadverseresults.Second,buyingupgovernmentdebtallowthegovernmenttodefertheconsequencesofitsownoverspending.Indeed,thereisevidencethatthepowertoshiftgovernmentdebtintopensionfundsactuallymayinducethemtospendandborrowmore.Borrowingfromthepensionfundislesstransparentthandoingsofromtheopencapitalmarket.Inmanycases,suchborrowingisnotevenreportedaspublicdebt,andtheinterestratemaybelower.ThisalreadyisoccurringwiththeSocialSecuritytrustfund.ThecurrentsurplusisusedtopurchaseFederalTreasuryobligationsthatarecreditedtotheSocialSecuritytrustfund.Thegovernmentthenutilizesthemoneyithasborrowedfromthetrustfundtomeetcurrentoperatingexpenses.Theotherinvestmentpolicypursuedbygovernment-controlledpensionfundsistoinvestingovernment-supportedprojects,suchasstate-ownedenterprisesorpublichousing.Again,theresultoftenisextremelylowratesofreturn.Infact,suchinvestmentsfrequentlylosemoney.Moreover,governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowthandreducethereturnoncapitalforallinvestors,includingthegovernmentitself.1.Accordingtotheauthor,governmentinvestmentoftheSocialSecuritytrustfund（）.2.A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestments（）.3.Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat（）.4.Whattonedidtheauthoradoptinthispassage?5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?问题1选项A.willresultinhigherreturnsfromprivatecapitalmarketsB.canhaveanegativeeffectontheefficiencyofthemarketsC.willgiveanimpetustoeconomicdevelopmentD.canpromoteproductivityofcapital问题2选项A.mettheexpectationofthehigherannualreturnsB.excludedthepossibilityofamoreaggressiveinvestmentC.failedtomeetwiththegovernment’santicipationD.failedtoreflectthetruestateofeconomy问题3选项A.investmentsingovernment-supportedprojectsoftenearnhighannualreturnsB.greatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomycouldimpedeeconomicgrowthC.businessinvestmentsinpublichousingfrequentlylosemoneyD.theinvestmentpolicypursuedbygovernment-controlledpensionfundsisfundamentallyprofitable问题4选项A.SatireB.ExposureC.AttackD.Criticism问题5选项A.GovernmentpoliciesfuelthegovernmentinvestmentintheeconomyandkeepitontherighttrackB.Governmentinvolvementintheeconomywillultimatelysloweconomicgrowth.C.Governmentinvestmentingovernment-supportedprojectsisafallacyD.Governmentmightearnhigherreturnsifitinvestsinstocks【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】第1题:细节事实题。第一段指出:HighcapitalmarketreturnsintheUSarederivedfromthehighproductivityofcapitalandtheefficiencyofthemarket.InvestmentoftheSocialsecuritytrustfundinprivatecapitalmarketswillhurtbothofthesesourcesofAmericaneconomicperformance;capitalwillbelessproductiveandmarketswillbelessefficient(美国资本市场的高回报源于资本的高生产率和市场的效率。社会保障信托基金对私人资本市场的投资将损害美国经济表现的这两个来源；资本的生产效率将降低，市场的效率也将降低)。因此，B项“对市场效率可能产生负面影响”正确。第2题:细节事实题。根据题干定位至第二段:A1994studybytheWorldBankofgovernment-managedpensionfundinvestmentsaroundtheworldfoundthattheygenerallyearnedlowerannualreturnsthanprivatelymanagedpensioninvestments(1994年，世界银行在全球范围内进行的一项研究发现，与私人管理的养老基金投资相比，它们的年回报率普遍较低)。因此C项“没有达到政府的预期目标”正确。第3题:判断推理题。最后一段最后一句指出:Moreover,governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowthandreducethereturnoncapitalforallinvestors,includingthegovernmentitself(此外，政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，进而可能导致政策放缓经济增长，降低包括政府本身在内的所有投资者的资本回报率)。由此可知B项“政府对经济的更多参与可能会阻碍经济增长”正确。第4题:观点态度题。文章开头指出允许政府进行信贷投资的目的是利用私人资本市场的高额投资回报。然而有力的证据表明：政府的投资政策实质上可能减少它原本预期获得的投资回报。并且在结尾部分进一步指出了政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，进而可能导致政策放缓经济增长，降低包括政府本身在内的所有投资者的资本回报率。可以看出文章作者的语气是在批评政府所采取的社会保障基金投资政策。故选D项。第5题:细节事实题。A:政府政策推动了政府投资，并让经济走上正轨。B:政府在经济方面的投资最终减慢经济增长。C:政府支持项目的投资是错误的。D:如果政府投资股市，或许收益更大。第一段第二句指出:Thereisstrongevidence,though,thatthegovernment’sinvestmentpolicysubstantiallycouldundercutthereturnsitotherwisemightexpecttoreceive(然而有力的证据表明：政府的投资政策实质上可能减少它原本预期获得的投资回报)。由此可知A项错误。最后一句指出:governmentinvestmentleadstogreatergovernmentinvolvementintheeconomythatcould,inturn,leadtopoliciesthatsloweconomicgrowth…(政府投资导致政府更多地干预经济，这有可能反过来导致相应政策的制定，这种政策进而会减慢经济增长)。因此B项正确。第三段第一句指出:Onewastoinvestheavilyingovernmentsecurities,whichcansuchlowerreturnsthan,forexample,stocks(其中之一是对政府债券大力投资，其回报远低于对股市之类的投资)。因此D项正确。最后一段指出:Again,theresultoftenisextremelylowratesofreturn(这种投资的结果还是回报率很低)，以及:Infact,suchinvestmentsfrequentlylosemoney(事实上，这种投资经常赔钱)。因此C项符合原文所述。故此题选A。8.单选题Weshouldbejudgedbythequalityofourproductsandthevalueinvestors___fromthem.问题1选项A.derideB.deriveC.eludeD.evade【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项deride“嘲笑；嘲弄”；B选项derive“源于；得自；获得”；C选项elude“（尤指机智地，巧妙地）避开，逃避，躲避；使无法得到；使无法达到；使不记得；使不理解”；D选项evade“逃避；规避；逃脱”。句意：我们应该根据我们产品的质量和投资者从中___的价值来判断。本句表达“投资者从中获得的价值”，因此B选项正确。9.单选题Ifeverybodyhasarrivedthemeetingmay（ ）now.问题1选项A.commenceB.criticizeC.commentD.conclude【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。commence“开始；着手”；criticize“批评；评论”；comment“发表评论”；conclude“推断；断定”。句意：如果每个人都到了，那会议就开始了。选项A符合题意。10.问答题Thisisequallytrueofthesolidcallediceandthegascalledsteam.Chemicallythereisno                  A                                             Bdifferencebetweenthegas,theliquid,andthesolid,allofwhichismadeupofmoleculeswith                                                      C   DtheformulaH20.【答案】试题答案：D;are  【解析】考查主谓一致。which指代的是hegas,theliquid,andthesolid，故谓语be动词用复数形are。11.单选题TheWelshlanguagehasalwaysbeentheultimatemarketofWelshidentity,butagenerationagoitlookedasifWelshwouldgothewayofManx,oncewidelyspokenontheIsleofManbutnowextinct.Governmentsfinancingandcentralplanning,however,havehelpedreversethedeclineofWelsh.RoadsignsandofficialpublicdocumentsarewritteninbothWelshandEnglish,andschoolchildrenarerequiredtolearnbothlanguages.WelshisnowoneofthemostsuccessfulofEurope’sregionallanguages,spokenbymorethanahalf-millionofthecountry’sthreemillionpeople.Therevivalofthelanguage,particularlyamongyoungpeople,ispartofaresurgenceofnationalidentitysweepingthroughthissmall,proudnation.LastmonthWalesmarkedthesecondanniversaryoftheopeningoftheNationalAssembly,thefirstparliamenttobeconvenedheresince1404.TheideabehinddevolutionwastorestorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom.Withmostofthepeopleandwealth,Englandhasalwayshadbraggingrights.ThepartialtransferoflegislativepowersfromWestminster,implementedbyTonyBlair,wasdesignedtogivetheothermembersoftheclub—Scotland,NorthernIreland,andWales—abiggersayandtocountercentrifugalforcesthatseemedtothreatentheveryideaoftheunion.TheWelshshowedlittleenthusiasmfordevolution.WhereastheScotsvotedoverwhelminglyforaparliament,thevoteforaWelshassemblyscrapedthroughbylessthanonepercentonaturnoutoflessthan25percent.Itspowerswereproportionatelylimited.TheAssemblycandecidehowmoneyfromWestminsterortheEuropeanUnionisspent.Itcannot,unlikeitscounterpartinEdinburgh,enactlaws.Butnowthatitishere,theWelsharegrowingtoliketheirAssembly.Manypeoplewouldlikeittohavemorepowers,itsimportanceasfigureheadwillgrowwiththeopeningin2003,ofanewdebatingchamber,oneofmanynewbuildingsthataretransformingCardifffromadecayingseaportintoaBaltimore-stylewaterfrontcity.MeanwhileagrantofnearlytwomilliondollarsfromtheEuropeanUnionwilltacklepoverty.WalesisoneofthepoorestregionsinWesternEurope—onlySpain,Portugal,andGreecehavealowerstandardofliving.NewspapersandmagazinesarefilledwithstoriesaboutgreatWelshmenandwomen,boostingself-esteem.TofamiliarfacessuchasDylanThomasandRichardBurtonhavebeenaddednewiconssuchasCatherineZeta-Jones,themoviestar,andBrynTerfel,theoperasinger.Indigenousfoodslikesaltmarshlambareinvogue.AndWalesnowboastsanationalairline.AwyrCymru.Cymru,whichmeans“landofcompatriots,”istheWelshnameforWales.Thereddragon,thenation’ssymbolsincethetimeofKingArthur,iseverywhere—onT-shirts,rugbyjerseysandevencellphonecovers.“Untilveryrecenttimes,mostWelshpeoplehadthisfeelingofbeingsecond-classcitizens,”saidDyfanJones,an18-year-oldstudent.Itwasawarmsummernight,andIwassittingonthegrasswithagroupofyoungpeopleinLlanelli,anindustrialtowninthesouth,outsidetherockmusicvenueoftheNationalEisteddfod,Wales’sannualculturalfestival.ThedisusedfactoryinfrontofusechoedtothesoundsofnewWelshbands.“Therewasalmostagenetictendencyforlackofconfidence,”Dyfancontinued.EquallycomfortableinhisWelshnessasinhismembershipintheEnglish-speaking,globalyouthcultureandthenewfederalEurope,Dyfan,liketherestofhisgeneration,isgrowingupwithasenseofpossibilityunimaginabletenyearsago.“Weusedtothink.Wecan’tdoanything,we’reonlyWelsh.NowIthinkthat’schanging.”1.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto______.2.Theword“centrifugal”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT______.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleoftheresurgenceofWelshnationalidentity?5.AccordingtoDyfanJoneswhathaschangedis______.问题1选项A.maintainthepresentstatusamongthenationsB.reducelegislativepowersofEnglandC.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenationsD.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunion问题2选项A.separatistB.conventionalC.feudalD.political问题3选项A.people’sdesirefordevolutionB.locals’turnoutforthevotingC.powersofthelegislativebodyD.statusofthenationallanguage问题4选项A.Welshhaswitnessedarevivalasanationallanguage.B.Poverty-relieffundshavecomefromtheEuropeanUnion.C.AWelshnationalairlineiscurrentlyinoperation.D.Thenationalsymbolhasbecomeafamiliarsight.问题5选项A.people’smentalityB.popcultureC.town’sappearanceD.possibilitiesforthepeople【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.【选项释义】1.Accordingtothepassage,devolutionwasmainlymeantto______.1.根据这篇文章，权力下放主要是为了______。A.maintainthepresentstatusamongthenationsA.维持目前在各国之间的地位B.reducelegislativepowersofEnglandB.减少英格兰的立法权C.createabetterstateofequalityamongthenationsC.在国家之间创造一个更好的平等状况D.grantmoresaytoallthenationsintheunionD.给联盟中所有的国家更多的发言权【答案】C【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据关键词devolution定位至第二段第三句“权力下放背后的理念是恢复组成联合王国的各个国家之间的平衡（restorethebalancewithintheunionofnationsmakinguptheUnitedKingdom）”可知，权力下放的目的是为了维持各个国家之间的平衡，C项“在国家之间创造一个更好的平等状况”表述符合题意。【干扰项排除】A项“维持目前在各国之间的地位”，根据解题思路，由restore可推断，成员国原来的关系已经被破坏，所以该项属于曲解原文；B项“减少英格兰的立法权”，由第二段最后一句“托尼˙布莱尔实施了从威斯敏斯特移交部分立法权的 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 ，目的是给俱乐部的其他成员——苏格兰、北爱尔兰和威尔士——更大的发言权……”可知，部分立法权的转移旨在给其他成员更大的话语权，该项与原文相反，属于反向干扰；D项“给联盟中所有的国家更多的发言权”，由C项解题思路可知，原文只提到会赋予苏格兰、北爱尔兰、威尔士更大发言权，并非所有成员国，该项曲解原文。2.【选项释义】2.Theword“centrifugal”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.2.第二段中的“centrifugal”的意思是______。A.separatistA.分离主义者的B.conventionalB.传统的C.feudalC.封建制度的D.politicalD.政治的【答案】A【考查点】词汇推测题。【解题思路】根据关键词centrifugal定位至第二段最后一句“托尼˙布莱尔实施了从威斯敏斯特移交部分立法权的计划，目的是给俱乐部的其他成员——苏格兰、北爱尔兰和威尔士——更大的发言权，并且对抗似乎威胁到联盟理念的centrifugal力量”，从中可知，要对抗这种会威胁到联盟理念的力量，说明这种力量会分散成员国之间的联合，所以推测centrifugal表示“分离的，分散的”，A选项“分离主义者的”词义与之意思相近。因此，该题选择A项。【干扰项排除】B项“传统的”、C项“封建制度的”和D项“政治的”由解题思路可知，这三项属于曲解原文。3.【选项释义】3.WalesisdifferentfromScotlandinallthefollowingaspectsEXCEPT______.3.除了______，威尔士在以下方面都与苏格兰不同。A.people’sdesirefordevolutionA.人民对权力下放的渴望B.locals’turnoutforthevotingB.当地选民的投票率C.powersofthelegislativebodyC.立法机构的权力D.statusofthenationallanguageD.国家语言的地位【答案】D【考查点】细节事实题。【解题思路】根据文章第一段最后一句“威尔士语现在是欧洲最成功的地方语言之一，在这个国家的300万人口中，有50多万人讲威尔士语”可知，虽然原文第一段提到了威尔士语言的成功性，但是文中并没有提到苏格兰语言的地位，这两者没有可比性，D项“国家语言的地位”属于无中生有，符合题干。因此，该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A项“人民对权力下放的渴望”，根据第三段前两句“威尔士人对权力下放并不热心。苏格兰人以压倒性优势投票支持成立议会，而威尔士议会的投票仅以不到1%的得票率勉强通过，投票率不到25%。”可知，这两个国家人民对权利下放态度截然不同，该项符合原文，属于反向干扰；B项“当地选民的投票率”，根据A项解题思路可知，威尔士的投票率不到25%，而苏格兰却以压倒性的投票率支持成立议会，可见这两个国家的选民投票率不同，该项属于反向干扰；C项“立法机构的权力”，根据第