常用英语词根(英文版)

LongmanDictionaryofEnglishRoots-1-1.AMBUL–LLatin(towalk)ambletowalkslowlyWhenIhavenoparticulardestinationIliketoamblethroughtheparkandwatchthebirds.ambulanceamble+ance“walkinghospital”,vehicletakessick/woundedErnestHemingwayservedintheFirstWorldWarasanambulancedrivertakingthewoundedtothefieldhospitals.ambulatoryambulate+-ory:abletowalkAlltheambulatorypatientsweremovedfromtheintensivecarewardofthehospitaltoanotherfloor.circumambulatecircum(around)+ambul+atetowalkaroundIthinkitwouldbeimpossibletocircumambulatethewholeearth,butsomeonecouldwalkaroundthiswholecountry.perambulatorpre(through)+ambulat+orababycarriage,usedtocarrythechildonawalkOnSundayafternoonsmanyparentswillwalkintheparkwiththenewbabyinaperambulator.IntheUnitedStatesaperambulatorisusuallycalleda“stroller.”preamblepre(before)+amble:thatwhichwalksbefore,anintroductorystatementThePreambletotheConstitutionoftheUnitedStatesisashortstatementwhichisfrequentlymemorizedbystudentsinhistoryclasses.somnambulistsomn(asleep)+ambul+ist:onewalkswhileasleepWhenwewerechildren,weusedtoteasemycousinbecausehewasasomnambulist.2.ANIM–L(spirit)animalanim+al:thatwhichhasspirit,anylivingcreatureAnanimaldiffersfromaplantinthatitcanmoveandfeel.animatedanim+ated:describingthatwhichactsasifithasspiritananimatedDisneyfilm/Theperformancewasfollowedbyananimateddiscussion.animationanim+at+ion:actofmakingstillpicturesseemtomoveThemakingofcartoonsrequiresmanyhoursofworkbyartistsskilledinanimationtechniques.equanimityequ(same)+anim+ity:havingthesamespiritWhentheconferencewasconcludedaspiritofequanimityprevailedamongallthedelegates.inanimatein(not)+ate:believednottohaveaspiritHowcanyougetangrywithacar?It'saninanimateobject!3.ANN,ENN–Lyearanniversaryanni+vers(turn)+ary:anobservationwhenoneyearturnstothenextMyparentscelebratedtheirtwenty-fifthweddinganniversarylastmonth.AnnoDominitheyearofourLordThedate1900A.D.meansnineteencenturiesafterthebirthofJesusChrist.annualannu+al:yearlyEachyearweturninourannualreportonDecember31.SomebusinessesgiveanannualbonustotheemployeesattheendofDecember.annuityaninvestmentpolicywhichpaysayearlyinterestsumMyannuityinsurancepolicypaysmeanamountofmoneyonceayear.Theelderlymanhadlittleincomeexceptforhisannuityinsurancepolicy.biennialbi(two)+enni+al:happeningeverytwoyearsOurcompanyisonlytwoyearsold;wejustpublishedourfirstbiennialreport.bienniumbi+enni+um:aperiodoftwoyearsWehaveaspecialreportmadeeachbiennium;thisisdifferentfromtheannualreport.centenariancent(hundred)+ena+ian:oneis100yearsoldIfmymotherlivestobeonehundredyearsold,shewillbeacentenarian.centenarycent+ena+ry:aperiodof100years;100thanniversaryNextyearinMarchwewillcelebrateourschool’scentenary.Wewillhaveacentenarycelebration.centennialcent+enni+al:100years;100thanniversaryOurschoolcelebrateditscentennialwhenitturnedonehundredyearsold.Thatwasourcentennialcelebration.bicentennialbi+cent+enni+al:200years;200thanniversaryTheUnitedStatesofAmericacelebrateditsbicentennialin1976,twohundredyearsafteritdeclaredindependence.tricentennialtri(three)+cent+enni+al:300yearsTheU.S.A.willcelebrateitstricentennialintheyear2076,whichwillbe300yearsaftertheDeclarationofIndependence.sesquicentennialsesqui(1+1/2times)+cent+enni+al:150yearsOurcitywas150yearsoldin1988;wecelebratedoursesquicentennialthatyear.millennialmill(thousand)+enni+al:pertainingto1000yearsDuringtheyears2000and2001A.D.,therewillbemanyamillennialobservanceincelebrationoftheendofaone-thousandyearperiodandthebeginningofanother.millenniummill+enni+um:1000yearsTheThirdMillenniumafterthebirthofChristwillbeginon1January2001A.D.perannumLatinphrase:ineachyear.Thebankcharges18%interestperannumonaloansuperannuatetodeclareonetooold,abovemanyyears,toworkEventhoughMr.Burgerwasveryactiveandproductive,theadministrativeofficedecidedtosuperannuatehimbecausetheDirectorwantedtohireayoungerman.4.AQUAL----L(water)aquamarinethecolorofseawaterIhaveabeautifulringmadefromtheaquamarinestone;itisthesamecolorasthesea.aquanautoneworksunderwaterToday,underwaterexplorationiscarriedoutbyaquanauts.aquapuraLatinphrase:purewaterThesedaysmanypeoplebuyaquapuraorbottledwaterbecausetapewaterisnotpureorhealthytodrink.aquarium-rium(place)waterplaceatankholdswaterforfishChildrenenjoylookingatthehugeaquariumwhichholdshundredsofspeciesoffishandseaanimals.Aquariusmythologicalfigure,waterbearerThereisaconstellationintheskycalledAquariusbecauseitresemblesamanpouringwaterfromajug.aquaticrelatingtowaterTheOlympicGamesalwaysincludesaquaticsportssuchasswimming,divingandwaterballet.aqueductchannelthroughwhichwaterisledTheancientRomansbuiltmanyaqueductstochannelthewaterfortradingpurposesandagriculture.aqueouswateryThispaintinghasanaqueouslooktoit;itisaremarkablewatercolorwork.aqueoushumorthewaterintheeyeTheaqueoushumoristhetransparentfluidbetweenthelensoftheeyeandthecornea.aquiferwater-bearinglayerofearthAnareaundergroundthroughwhichachannelofwatercanflowiscalledanaturalaquifer.5.ASTER,ASTR—Greek(star)asterisklittlestar*Anasterisknexttoawordinthetitlemeansthatyoushouldlookatthebottomofthepageforextrainformation.disasterdis(away)+aster:awayfromstars–badluckDuringtheClassicalAgeofGreece,peoplebelievedthatadisasterwascausedbyFateorthegodsoftheunderworld.LongmanDictionaryofEnglishRoots-2-astrology-ology(studyof):thestudyofthestarsEventodaymanypeoplethroughouttheworldbelieveinastrology;theybelievethatstudyingthestarswillgivevaluableinformationaboutdailylife.astronautonesailstothestarsThefirstmantowalkonthemoonwastheastronautNeilArmstrong.astronomicalastro+nomi+cal:ahighasthestarsWhenmyDadsawtherepairbillforthewreckedcar,heexclaimed,“Thischargeisastronomical!Icouldbuyanewcarforthismuchmoney!”astronomyastro+nomy(law):lawofstarsOurprofessorofastronomytookustotheplanetariumtolookthroughthehugetelescopeattheplanets.6.AUDI—L(tohear)audible-ble(able)abletobeheardThenoiseofhervoicewasbarelyaudible;Icouldhardlyhearherspeakinclass.audiencetheoneswhohear;alsowatchesWhenweperformourdrama,wehopetheaudiencewillbeabletohearourvoiceswell.audiocassettelisteningtapeAverypopularpossessionisaSonyWalkmanaudiocassetteplayer;apersoncanhearmusicwhilewalkingorworkingwithoutdisturbingothersaroundhim.audiolinguallingu(tongue):hearingandspeakingMostLearnersofalanguagemusttakeanaudiolingualcoursewhichhelpsthemtohearandspeakthenewlanguage.audiologythestudyofhearingAudiologyisasciencewhichshouldbeabletohelpthosepeoplewhoheavehearingimpairment.audiovisualvisual(see):hearingandseeingMostlanguagelaboratorieshavemodernaudiovisualequipmenttohelpthestudentslearnbyhearingandseeingatthesametime.audit*theactofhearingTheaccountantwillmaketheyearlyauditinDecember.auditiontheactofhearingorlisteningMostaspiringsingersarenervouswhentheyhavetosinginanauditionbecausesomeoneelsewilllistentothemandjudgethequalityoftheirvoice.auditor*onehears;oenmakesanaccountingAstudentmaybeanauditorofaclassifhedoesnotneedtohavethecredit;helistenstothelecturesonly.auditoriumplacetohearMostofourbigmeetingsareheldintheschoolauditoriumwherewegotolistentoprogramsandspeeches.auditoryrelatingtohearingTheauditorynerveintheearispartofthehumansenseofhearinginaudiblein(not):unabletobeheardThesoundofafishswimmingisusuallyinaudibletothehumanear.7.AUG,AUC,AUT---L(toincrease)auction*actionofincreasingManypeopleliketoattendanartauctiontoseehowhighthepriceswillgoaspeoplebidcompetitively.auctioneer-eer(person):oneconductstheauctionTheauctioneerhasawayofmakingthebiddersraisetheamountofmoneytheyarewillingtopayforanitem.augmenttoincreaseWeallhopethatoursalarieswillbeaugmentedbeforetheendoftheyear.augustincreasinginpower+statusThecrowningofthenewkingwasanaugustceremony.authoroneincreasingknowledgebywriting//toincrease…..Theauthor,whoiswidelyknown,haspublishedmanynovels.CharlesDickensauthoredmorethanadozenpopularnovels.authorityincreasedpowertomakedecisionWhenMr.Wangwaselectedpresident,hewasgiventheauthoritytomakeseveralimportantpoliticalappointments.authorizegiveincreasedpowerThedirectorauthorizedhisassistanttosigndocumentsforhim.authorizationtheincreasedamountofpowerTravelerscannotenteraforeigncountrywithouttheauthorizationofapassportandvisa.8.BIBL—Greek(book)biblebookofbeliefsofreligionAbookwhichtellthemostimportantbeliefsofareligioncanbecalledabible;toJewsitistheTorahandtoMuslimsitistheKoran.biblicalrelatingtoabibleThestoryofAdamandEveintheGardenofEdenisabiblicaltale.bibliographicalgraphi(writing):relatingtothelistofbooksAllbibliographicalmaterialmustbecitedattheendofyourresearchpaper.bibliographygraphy(writing):alistofbooksusedinastudyOurresearchpapersmustincludeabibliographyattheendsothattheprofessorwillknowwhichbooksweconsultedforourinformation.bibliophilephile(lover):onelovesbooksWeallcalledthesmartestboyintheclassabibliophilebecausehelovedbookssomuch.9.BIO-----Greek(life)autobiographyauto-(self)+bio+graphy(writing):writtenaccountofone’sownlife.TheautobiographyofSirWinstonChurchillhelpsustounderstandTwentiethCenturyhistory,especiallytheSecondWorldWar,fromhispointofview.biodegradablede-(down)+grad(rank):abletobebrokendowninnature.Allvegetablematterisbiodegradableinourworld,butmanyplasticsarenot.biographywrittenaccountofthelifeofapersonStudentscanbeinspiredandinformedbyreadingthebiographiesoffamousmenandwomeninhistory.biologicalpertainingtothestudyoflifeThebiologicalchangesinafrogareamazing;itgrowsfromaneggtoatadpoletoafroginjustafewweeks.biologythestudyofalllifeThefirstsciencecourseIstudiedwasbiology;itwasexcitingtolearnabouthowanimalsandhumanbeingsgrowandchange.bionicdescribingamechanicalbodypartwhichisworkingsubstituteforarealThatmaniswearingabionicarm;itlookssorealthatyouwouldhardlyknowthatitismechanical.biopsypsy(sight):examinationoftissue,cells/fluidsformalivingbody.Whenthedoctorremovedthemoleonmyleg,hesentittothescientificlaboratoryforabiopsytodeterminewhetheritwasacancergrowth.biospheresphere(globe):areawithinwhichlifeissustainableScientiststellusthattheozonelayerofourbiosphereisslowlybeingdestroyedbyairpollution.symbiosissym(with,together):conditionoflivingwithortogetherWhentwoplantsmutuallyhelpeachother’sgrowth,theprocessiscalledsymbiosis.symbioticpertainingtolivingwith/togetherSomepersonsaresaidtohaveasymbioticrelationshipbecausetheyworktogetherandaremutuallydependent.LongmanDictionaryofEnglishRoots-3-10.BON,BONO,BENE—L(good,well)benedictiondict(saying):goodsaying,blessingTheparentsofboththebrideandthegroomgavetheirbenedictiononthenewmarriage,wishingforthemlonglife,goodhealth,riches,andabright,happychild.benefactorfactor(doer):onedoesgoodSeveralwealthyalumniofthecollegebecamebenefactorswhoprovidedgenerousscholarshipsfordeservingstudents.beneficialfic(todo):doinggood/wellBasichealthpracticessuchasplentyofexercise,abalanceddiet,andgoodrestarebeneficialfoallhumanbeings.beneficiaryonewhoreceivesgoodMr.Wangwasthebeneficiaryofagrantofpost-graduatestudyabroad.benefit*welldoing;doneforgoodOuronemonthvacationattheseasidewasagreatbenefittoourmentalhealth.benevolentvol(towish):describingthatwhichwisheswellUNICEFcanbedescribedasabenevolentUnitedNationsagencywhichworksforthechildrenoftheworld.bonafidefide(faith):doneingoodfaithThestudentgavehisbonafidestatementthathehadnotcheatedontheexamination.bonbonagoodpieceofcandyorothersweetInthenineteenthcenturyamanwhocalleduponawomanwouldbringaboxofbonbonsandabouquetofflowerstowinherfavor.bonnydescribingsthgoodandsweetWhatabonnysummerdaythisis!Itmakesmefellhappyandcontent.boonsomethinggoodInoldfolktalesandlegends,thelovingsonwhoriskshislifeforthesakeofhisparentsisusuallygivenaboonofsomekindofunexpectedandunimaginabletreasuresasarewardforhisgoodness.11.BREV,BRIEF----L(short)abbreviateab(to)+brev+iate(make)Yourreportistoolong;pleaseabbreviatetheintroduction.abbreviationshortenedversionof…Anabbreviationofanovelisusuallynotasgoodastheoriginalwork.brief*shortened,shortAlawyermustwriteabriefofhislegalcasesbeforehepresentsthemincourt.briefcasecarryingcasefordocumentsDavidnevergoestoworkwithouthisbriefcaseofimportantpapers.breviaryshortenedversionofaworshipliturgyThepriestusesthebreviaryonweekdaymorningsinsteadofthefullworshipservice.brevityshortenedwaytosay/dosthForthesakeofbrevityIwanttohearonlytheresultsofthetest,notthecontents.12.CAD,CID,CAS---L(tofall,tohappen)accidentac=ad(at)+cid+ent(event):sthhappensunexpectedlyTracieapologizedforbeinglate;itseemsthatshewasinvolvedinanaccident.cadaverafallenboy,adeadbodyMedicaldoctorslearnaboutthehumanbodybystudyingacadaverinschool.cadencethefallofaregularbeat,esp.inmusicandinmarchingAllbandmembersmustmarchwiththecadenceofthedrumbeat.cadenzainmusic,arippling,risingorfallingofnotesThepianistplayedabeautifulcadenzaupanddownthekeyboard.cascade*thatwhichfalls,usuallyawaterfallOneofthemostspectacularcascadesintheworldisVictoriaFallsinAfrica.casethatwhichhappensTheirengagementwasacaseofloveatfirstsight.casualjusthappening,notformalorplanned.Wespentawonderfulcasualafternoonwithnoplansatall.casualtyresultofsthunplannedhappening,suchaswounded…Thebombblastintherainstationresultedinmanycasualtiesallofwhomwererushedtotheemergencyhospital.coincideto[together]+in[upon]:tohappentogetherItwasveryfortunatethatourclasspartycoincidedwiththeunexpectedholiday.coincidenceanunusualhappeningtogetherItwasastrangecoincidencethatbothgirlshadthesamenameandthesamebirthday.decadencede[down,away]:fallingdown/awayInhistory,therehavebeenseveralrulinggovernmentswhichhavefallenbecauseofmoraldecadence.decadentfallingdownorawayfromTheEmperorNeroisregardedasadecadentruler.decayfallingdown/awayfromhealthThewholehousehadfallenintodecayandruin.deciduousdescribingtreesfromwhichleavesfallinginthefallseasonWhenthedeciduoustreeslosetheirleavesintheautumnseason,thegroundiscoveredwithcolorfulcolors.incidentin[upon]:thatwhichhappensTherehavebeenmanyincidentsoftheftinourcitythisyear.incidentaljusthappeningOurlunchtogetherwasonlyincidentaltotherealbusinesswehadtoconduct.occasionoc[=ob,before]:ahappeningOnthishappyoccasionwearecelebratingthemarriageofJamesandSandra.occasionalsometimeshappeningThedeserthasonlyoccasionalrainfall.Occidentoc[=ob,toward]:wherethesunfalls,i.e.theWestTheOccidentistheoppositeoftheOrient,meaningthatthesunrisesintheeastandfallsinthewest.occidentaldescribingthewestApersonfromEuropeisusuallydescribedasoccidental.recidivismtheactoffallingback,orhappeningagainLegalstatisticsindicateacertainpercentageofrecidivism;thatis,somepersonwhohaveservedaprisonsentenceofcriminalactswillfallbackintoillegalbehavioraftertheyarereleasedfromjail.13.CAP,CIP,CEPT,CEIVE,CUP---L(totake,totakeholdof,tocapture)anticipateanti[=ante,before]:takebefore,takethroughinadvance.Itishelpfultobeabletoanticipatetheteacher’squestionsbeforetheexamination.capableabletotakeholdofataskorjobPattyWalkerisalwaysgiventhejoboftreasurerinourclubbecausesheisthemostcapablepersonwhenitcomestohandlingmoney.capacitythepossibleamountoftakingTheauditoriumhasacapacityforseatingthreehundredpeople;itisagainstthelawtoallowmorethanthatnumberbecauseofthedangertothepeopleincaseoffirecaptivatetotakeorholdcaptiveSometimesayoungmancanbecaptivatedbyayoungwoman’scharmscaptiveonetakenbysomeone/sthTheobjectofthegameistotakeaplayerontheotherteamasyourcaptive.captoronetakesorholdsSometimesajailermaybecalledacaptor.capturetakepossessionThesoldiersweretryingtocapturetheenemyfortress.conceivecon[with,together]Ifweworktogether,wecanconceiveanewplan.conceptcon[with,together]:ideatakenwithcertainunderstandingsThearchitectscameupwithaboldnewconceptfortheconstructionofthebuilding.conceptionactoftakingwithortogetherBeforetheymetyesterday,thecommitteehadonlyanidea,oraconception,ofwhattheywantedtoaccomplishthisyear.deceivede[away]:takeawayfromApersonwhodeceivesafriendtakestrustawayfromthefriendship.LongmanDictionaryofEnglishRoots-4-deceptionactoftakingfromHisactofdeceptiontookawaythetrusthisparentshadinhim.emancipatee[=ex:out;man:hand]:takeoutofthehandOneofthemainissuesoftheCivilWarof1860-1864intheUSwaswhethertheNegroslavesshouldbeemancipated,setfreefromthehandoftheslave-owners.emancipationactoftakingoutofthehandTheEmancipationProclamationdeclaredthatallslavesshouldbefreefromtheslave-owners.exceptex[out]:takingout/holdingoutIlikeeverythingintheprogramexceptthelastsong;pleasetakeitout.exceptionsthwithheldortakenoutWiththeexceptionofthelastsong,Ienjoyedtheprogram.inceptionin[in]:actoftakinginOurclubhadaceremonyofinceptionforthenewmembers;sevenpersonsweretakenintoourmembership.incipientin[in]:takenintobeginningTherewerecertainproblemsincipientintheplans;weshouldhavesolvedthematthebeginning.interceptinter[between]takesthbetweenthesenderandreceiverItriedtointerceptthemessagefromtheschoolbeforemymotherreceivedit.Iwantedtotellhermyself.interceptionactoftakingsthbetweenthesenderandthereceiver.Thefootballplayermadeaspectacularinterceptionoftheballwhentheotherteamthrewit;hecaughtthefootballjustbeforehisopponentjumpedupforit.misconceivemis[wrongly]+con[with]:takeanideawronglyormistakenlyTheplanwasmisconceivedfromthebeginningbecausethecommitteedidnothaveallthefactstomakeacleardecision.misconceptionawrong/mistakenideaTheirdecisiononthismatterwasbasedonamisconception;thereforethecommitteehadtomakeadifferentplan.occupantoc[=ob:near]onehastakenresidenceinaplaceTheoccupantoftheapartmenthaslivedherefortwoyears.occupationthework/activityoneholdsThejobIhold,ormyoccupation,isteachingEnglish.occupytakeaplacetoremainforawhileThethoughtswhichoccupymymindonabeautifulsummernightareusuallyfilledwithmoonlightandfragrantbreezes.participantpart[part]:onetakespartinTheparticipantsintheprogramperformedaskilleddance.participatetakeapartWehopethateverystudentwillparticipateinsportsday.participationactoftakingpartTheteacherexpectsfullparticipationintheclassroom;everyboyandgirlshouldtakeapartinthework.perceiveper[thoroughly]:takethroughunderstandingThemoreweperceiveofthefunctionsofthedifferentpartsofthebrain,themorewewillunderstandaboutthelearningprocess.perceptionideaorunderstandingtakenthoroughlyMyteacherhaskeenperceptionaboutherstudents;sheunderstandswhentheyarefeelingunclearorconfusedaboutanassignment.perceptiveabletotakeunderstandingthoroughlyAperceptivefriendwillrecognizewhenyouneedtotalkaboutyourproblems.preceptpre[before]idea/basicpolicytakenbeforeTherearecertainideasorpreceptswhichguidedthewritersofourconstitution.receiptre[back]:thatwhichistakenbackAlwaysbesuretogetareceiptwhenyoupayabill;youshouldtakeitbacktothetreasureroftheclub.receivetotakebackWhenIgiveasurprisegifttoafriend,Iusuallyreceivealotofpleasuremyself.receptaclere[back]:wheresthisheldAmailboxisareceptacleforlettersbeingsentout.receptionactoftakingback/receivingTheEnglishdepartmentheldareceptiontowelcomealltheteachersbackforthenewschoolyear.receptionistthepersonwhotakesbackOurofficereceptionistusuallytakesmessagesfortheteachersandstaff.receptivetakingbackAspeakerfeelsgoodwhenhehasareceptiveaudience.recipeinstructionsincookingSheissuchawonderfulcookthateveryonewantstotakeherfavoriterecipeshome.recipientonewhotakesbackTherecipientofthetophonorsmustbeadiligentstudentofthesubject.reciprocaldescribingafiveandtake,backandforth,bothsidesOurinstitutehasareciprocalagreementwiththeMelbourneEducation,wherebywereceiveanAustralianteacherannuallyinexchangeforsendingoneofourfacultymembersofayearofstudyandteachinginMelbourne.reciprocateci[go]+pro[before]:giveandreceivemutuallyItisconsideredgoodmannerstoreciprocatewhenafriendinvitesyouout;youshouldreturnthefavoratsomelaterdate.reciprocityagreementtogiveaswellasreceiveMostnationshavereciprocitywithothercountries,givingandreceivingcourtesiesandprivilegestodiplomaticrepresentatives.recuperatetotakebackone’shealthIttookArlenoneyeartorecuperateformhisbrokenleg,butnowhecandoeverythingthathecoulddobeforehisaccident.recuperationactoftakingbackone’shealthorlossesAfteraseriousillnesssuchasaheartattack,therecuperationprocessisusuallymuchslowerforelderlypatients.14.CAPIT-----L[head,main]cadetyoungmilitarystudentThecadetsmarchedwithmilitaryprecisioneventhoughtheywerequiteyoung.capital*chieforheadcityofanation,state,orprovinceThecapitalofanycountryisthecitywherethegovernmentalpowerlocated.capitalismeconomicsystemhasaprivate,rathert