初中英语不定代词讲解及习题

不定代词一、不定代词概述不定义不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词定常见some类something,somebody,someone代不定any类词代词no类every类其他all,each,both,none,one,much,many,(a)few,(a)little,either,neither,other,another充当作主语、宾语、 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 语、定语等成分二、常见不定代词的基本用法1、some和any:都是“一些”的意思，都可与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用。(1)some一般用于肯定句中，any一般用于否定句或疑问句中。Eg.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，应该用some而不用any。Eg.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepaper?___________________________________________________________(3)当any表示“任何”或“无论哪一个”的意义时，可以用于肯定句，此时any要重读。Eg.Youmaycomeatanytimethatisconvenienttoyou.___________________________________________________________2、表示数量的不定代词(1)many______,few_______,afew_______,用以代替或修饰可数名词。(2)much______,little_______,alittle________,用以代替或修饰不可数名词。(3)_______和_______表示肯定意义，_______和_______表示否定意义。(4)alotof和plentyof等短语既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。3、表示两者和三者的不定代词(1)表示两者:both,either,neither(2)表示三者:all,any,none,every(3)表示肯定：both,all(4)表示否定：none,neither练一练：用以上不定代词填空。我的父母都是医生。__________________________________街道的两边都种了树。Therearetreeson______sidesofthestreet.=Therearetreeson______sideofthestreet.他有两个儿子，都不富有。Hehastwosons.______ofthemisrich.他有三个儿子，都不富有。Hehasthreesons.______ofthemisrich.三、复合不定代词的用法(1)复合不定代词somebody,something,anything,nothing,everything,everybody等是由some,any,no,every,加上body,thing构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。(2)somebody,something,someone一般用于肯定句中；anything,anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句和否定句中。精心整理(3)如果要在疑问句中表示请求、建议等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答复时，用somebody,someone或something。(4)修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式应放在它们的后面。Eg.Hehasnothingmuchtodotoday.他今天没有多少事情做。Lucyhasn’tanythingimportanttodo.露西没有任何重要时做。四、疑难拓展1、few/afew/little/alittle(1)后接名词的不同。_______和_______后接可数名词复数，_______和_______后接不可数名词。Eg.Thereare_______newwordsinthetext.课文中有一些新单词。Canyouspeak_______English?你能说一点英语吗？(2)表示肯定意义和否定意义的区别。_______和________表示肯定，______和_______表示否定。Eg.Ihave________friendsthere.Ioftenplaywiththem.Thereis_______meatathome.Let’sbuysome.2、other/others/theother/another(1)other表示“另一个”的意思，在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用，通常修饰可数名词复数。(2)others可独立使用，无范围限定。(3)other和others前面加定冠词the时表示特指，不加the表示泛指。Theother表示两个中的另一个，常用于句型”one…theother…”，theothers表示全部其余的人或物。Eg.Ihavetwobrothers.____isadoctor;________isateacher.Heisalwaysreadytohelp_______.Fiveofthemareintheclassroom.Whatabout_______?(4)another(另外一个，又一个)，只能代替或修饰单数名词，可用作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用。前面不加冠词。Eg.Don’tloseheart.Haveanothertry.(5)Another后可以跟few或带数字的复数名词。Eg.Justthinkwhatourtownwillbelikeinanotherfewyears.You’dbetterstayinbedforanothertwoweeks.3、部分否定及完全否定Not与不定代词all,both,every等表示全部意义的词连用时构成部分否定；若要表示完全否定，则需要换用none,neither,no等。练一练：翻译下列句子。Allofthestudentslikethenovel.___________________________________Notallofthestudentslikethenovel.___________________________________Allofthestudentsdon’tlikethenovel.__________________________________Noneofthestudentslikethenovel.___________________________________4、all,both,each等用作同位语若用作主语同位语，主语可以是名词或代词；若用作宾语等其他成分的同位语，则宾语等成分必须是人称代词，而不能时名词。Eg.Weallhavereadit.(all修饰的主语是代词)Thevillageallhavebeendestroyed.(all修饰的主语是名词)Theytoldusalltowaithere.(all修饰的宾语是代词)5、one和it的区别使用(1)it指代前面的某物。Eg.Whereismypen?Ican’tfindit.(it指代前面提到的那支笔)(2)one可以指人，也可以指物。用来代替上文中提到的单数可数名词以及避免重复，其复数形式为ones。Eg.Yourpenissonice.Iwanttobuyonelikethis.精心整理课堂演练一、单选。1.Thetwofishermensaw_______intheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.A.somethingstrangeB.anythingstrangeC.strangesomethingD.strangeanything2.---Is____here?---No.BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody3.---Doyouwantteaorcoffee?---______.Ireallydon'tmindA.BothB.NoneC.EitherD.Neither4.Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisasoldier,_______isaworker.A.otherB.theotherC.othersD.another5.Thereareshopson_____sideofthestreet.________ofthemdonotclosetill12atnight.A.both;AllB.every;NoneC.either;SomeD.other;Many6.Thereisnot___meatinmybowl.Thereis____chickeninit.A.some;anyB.any;someC.any;anyD.some;some7.Couldyoudo___forme,please?A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything8.Sorry,Ican'tansweryourquestion.Iknow____aboutthesubject.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.afew9.---Whichwouldyoulike,acupofteaoraglassofmilk?----____,thanks.IthinkI'lljusthaveaglassofwater.A.NoneB.NeitherC.BothD.Either10.Tomshookhisheadandsaidtoustherewas_____intheclassroom.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everybody11.CouldIhave_____bottleofapplejuice,please?A.anotherB.otherC.somemoreD.second12.Thereare25techersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachersand______arementeachers.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.other13.Theywerealltired,but_____ofthemtookarest.A.noneB.allC.bothD.either14.---WehaveredandyellowT-shirts.Whichcolourdoyoulike?---I’mafraid____.IthinkbluewillbeOK.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.none15.---CanIcomethisafternoonotomorrowmorning?---_____isOK.I’mfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None二、按要求完成句子。1.BothTomandTimaregoodatsports.（改为否定句）______Tom_____Tim______goodatsports.2.Ican’tspeakmuchEnglish.（同义句转化）I_____speak_____English.3.Thereissomethingwrongwithhiseyes.（改为一般疑问句）___________________wrongwithhiseyes?4.Thisanswerisright.Thatanswerisalsoright（同义句转化）______thisanswer______thatoneareright.精心整理5.Theyhaven’tvisitedthevillage.Shehasn’tvisitedthevillageeither.（连成一句）___________________________________________三、下列句子中各有一处错误，请找出并改正。1.Itisverydifficult,andafewpeopleunderstandit.______________2.Toomanyworkhastobedone.______________3.Whynotbuyanybread?______________4.Anyoneknowhowtodoit.______________5.Thereisnotnothingwrongwiththeradio.______________家庭作业一、单选。1.Theteacheraskedtheboymanyquestions,butheonlyansewered______ofthem.A.someB.lotsC.eachD.few2.---Ineedsomethingforcuttingthepaper.---Oh,youwantaknife?OK,I’llget___foryou.A.itB.thatC.thisD.one3.TwoplacesofinteerestinBeijingarewellknowntopeoplefromhomeandabroad.OneistheGreatWall,and_____istheSummerPalace.A.theotherB.anotherC.otherD.others4.---Wouldyoulike_____todrink?---Yes.I’dlikeacupofcoffee.A.somethingelseB.elsesomethingC.anythingelseD.elseanything5.Maybethedisastercandestroyourhomes,but______candestroytheloveinourpeople.A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing二、改错。1.Allofmyparentsaredoctors.___________2.Therearemanytreesonbothsideoftheroad.___________3.Hehasthreesons,butneitherofthemlivesthere.___________4.Allofthestorybooksisinteresting.___________5.Ihaveimportantsomethingtotellyou.___________精心整理