完形填空解题技巧一、完形填空的特点共10小题,每小题1分。旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力,难易程度与初中教材相当,词数在150-200左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断,综合
分析
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等将答案填入空白处,使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。二、命题规律中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式,转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇,即重在文意的干扰,把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去,考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。(一)从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空,以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解,从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。(二)从语言层次看考点
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对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次,即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次。1.句子层次的设空指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。I31youwereverybusythenhelpingyourfriendgetreadyforherwedding—Iamsureitwasasuccess.( )A.rememberB.explainC.hopeD.expect2.句群层次的设空指根据上下文的内容,经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目(1)前置性设空:即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。例:ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto____infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!( )A.write B.speak C.sing D.dance(2)后置性设空:指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目(下文某处有提示)。例:1).Nobody____himinthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudon’tlikeme…”( )A.believed B.liked C.hated D.knew2).Countrymusiccomesfrom____kindsofmusic.OneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountainpeopleintheeasternUnitedStates.TheotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest.( )A.many B.all C.two D.three3.语篇性设空:指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。IworkasavolunteerforanorganizationthathelpsthepoorinHaiti.RecentlyItookmysonBarrettthereforaweek,hopingto32 him…achievedallI’dexpected.Soonhewillcelebratehis18thbirthday.Hewillbeaman.(最后一句话)( )1.A.comfort B.please C.attract D.educate三、融知于题1.通过上下文暗示进行判断例:shehadgota(n)36andneededabloodtransfusion(输血)fromherfiveyearsoldbrother,whohadhadthesamediseasebutstayedalive.( )1.A.accident B.problem C.disease D.trouble2.通过逻辑推理进行判断,由一个或几个已知的判断(提示),推导出一个未知的结论例:Foralongtimeshestoodinthebasketsilently,andonlykepthereyes31tolookatallthewonderfulsightsbelow.( )1.A.closed B.open C.clean D.clear3.根据句子结构或固定搭配进行判断例:Whentwopeopleareinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime,inordertomakesurethatthelistenerpayattention33whatheorsheisspeaking.( )1.A.of B.for C.with D.to4.根据生活常识进行判断例:Theolemanlookedatme.Thenhelookedathis28andreplied,“it’s16:30”.( )1.A.umbrella B.home C.watch D.money四、解题思路1.跳过空格,通读全文,把握大意(3分钟)2.结合选项,综合考虑,初定答案(4分钟)3.瞻前顾后,先易后难,各个击破(5分钟)4.复读全文,逐空验证,弥补疏漏(3分钟)五、课堂训练Mark lived in a village far away. One day he became very ill and everyone thought he would 1____ soon. They sent for a doctor. Two days 2_____ the doctor came and looked over the sick man. 3____ asked for a pen and some paper to write down the name of the medicine. But there was no pen 4______ paper in the village, because no one could write. The doctor 5_____ up a piece of burnt wood from the fire and wrote the name of the medicine on the 6______ of the house. “ Get this medicine for him.” he said, “and he will soon get 7_____ .” Mark’s family and friends did not know 8_____ to do. They could not read the strange words. Then a young man 9_____ an idea. He took off the door of the house, put it on his carriage drove to the nearest 10 . He bought the medicine there, and Mark was soon well again. ( )1.A. wake B.cry C.moved D.die ( )2.A. late B.later C.ago D.before ( )3.A. The sick man B.Mark C.The doctor D.The farmer ( )4.A.and B.or C.then D.also ( )5.A.picked B.held C.made D.looked ( )6.A.wall B.window C.ground D.door ( )7.A.well B.worse C.bad D.good ( )8.A.when B.what C.where D.whick ( )9.A.thought B.hit C.caught D.had ( )10. A.shop B.farm C.hospital D.village