英语翻译教程Lesson 14

Lesson 14(E-C) Bilingual Reading How to Grow old By Bertrand Russell In spite of the title, this article will really be on how not to grow old, which, at my time of life, is a much more important subject. 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 目虽然这样写，实际上本文所要谈的却是人怎样才可以不老。对于像我这样年纪的人来说，这个问题就更是重要得多了。 My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. 我的头一条忠告是，你可得要挑选你的先人啊。 Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. 我的父母年纪轻轻就去世了，可是说到祖辈，我还是选得不错的。 My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of a disease which is now rare, namely, having his head cut off. 我外祖父固然是风华正茂之年就弃世了，当时他只有六十七岁，但是我的祖父、祖母却都活到了八十以上。再往远一点说，在我的先人之中，我发现 只有一位活得不长，他得了一种现在已不多见的病，那就是头让人砍掉了。 A great-grandmother of mine, who was a friend of Gibbon, lived to the age of ninety-two, and to her last day remained a terror to all her descendants. 我的一位曾祖母，和吉本是朋友，活到了九十二岁，她直到临终都使儿孙望而生畏。 My maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, one who died in infancy, and many miscarriages, as soon as she became a widow devoted herself to women’s higher education. 我外祖母有九人孩子活了下来，有一个孩子很小就死了，她还流产过多次。丈夫一死，她就致力于女子高等教育。 She was one of the founders of Girton College, and worked hard at opening the medical profession to women. 她是戈登学院的创办人之一，曾竭力使医学专业对妇女开放。 She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad. She inquired the cause of his melancholy （忧郁）and he said that he had just parted from his two grandchildren. 她常对人说，她在意大利碰到过一位愁容满面的老先生，就问我他为什么闷闷不乐，他说两个小孙孙刚刚离开他。 “Good gracious(亲切的，高尚的),” she exclaimed, “I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them, I should have a dismal （阴沉的，凄凉的，暗的，使人消沉，沼泽）existence!” “我的天哪！”我外祖母就说，“我的孙子孙女有七十二个，要是每离开一个都要难过，我的生活可就太痛苦了。” “Madre snaturale,” he replied. （意大利语：这个做母亲的真怪呀！） 听了这话，老先生竟说，“Madre snaturale” But speaking as one of the seventy-two, I prefer her recipe（处方）. 但是我作为七十二人中的一员，倒是赞成她的办法的。 After the age of eighty she found she had some difficulty in getting to sleep, so she habitually（习惯地） spent the hours from midnight to 3 a.m. in reading popular science. 她过了八十以后，常睡不着觉，所以从午夜到凌晨三点总是要读些科普读物。 I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was growing old. 我相信她从来没有工夫去注意自己是不是日益衰老。 This, I think, is the proper （适当的，正确的，固有的，特有的，有礼貌的，正当的，严格意义上的，彻底的）recipe for remaining young. 我认为，要想永葆青春，这是最好的办法。 If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely（仅仅，只，不过） statistical fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable （大概的，很可能的）brevity （短暂，简短）of you future. 你要是有广泛的爱好和强烈的兴趣，而且还有能力参加一些活动，你就没有理由去考虑自己已经活了多少岁这样的具体数字，更没有理由去考虑自己的余年大概是很有限的了。 As regards health, I have nothing useful to say since I have little experience of illness. 谈到健康问题，我就没有什么可说的了，因为我没怎么生过病。 I eat and drink whatever I like, and sleep when I cannot keep awake. I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health, though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome（卫生的，有益健康的，健康的，有益的）. 我想吃什么就吃什么，想喝什么就喝什么，眼睛睁不开了就睡觉，从来不为对身体有益而搞什么活动，然而实际上我喜欢做的事大都是有助于增进身体健康的。 Psychologically（心理上地，心理学地） there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. 从心理方面来说，到了老年，有两种危险倾向需要注意防止。 One of these is undue（不适当地） absorption（吸收） in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. 从心理一是过分地怀念过去。老想着过去，总觉得过去怎么好怎么好，或者总是为已故的朋友而忧伤，这是不妥的。 One’s thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. 一个人应当考虑未来，考虑一些可以有所作为的事情。 This is not always easy; one’s own past is a gradually increasing weight. 要做到这一点并非总是很容易的；自己过去的经历就是一个越来越沉重的包袱。 It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and one’s mind more keen. 人们往往会对自己说，我过去感情多么丰富，思想多么敏锐，现在不行了。 If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true. 如果真是这样的话，那就不要去想它，而如果你不去想它，情形就很可能不是这样了。 The other thing to be avoided is clinging to (依附，依靠，坚持)youth in the hope of sucking vigour （活力，元气，魅力）from its vitality（活力，生命，生动性）. 另一件需要避免的事就是老想和年轻人呆在一起，希望从青年的活力中汲取力量。 When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden（负担） to them, unless they are unusually callous（无情的，冷淡的，起茧的）. 孩子们长大之后，就希望独立生活，如果你还像在他们年幼时那样关心他们，你就会成为他们的累赘，除非他们特别麻木不仁。 I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one’s interest should be contemplative（沉思的，冥想的，祈祷的） and, if possible, philanthropic（博爱的）, but not unduly （不适当地，过度地，不正当地）emotional. 我不是说一个人不应当关心孩子，而是说这种关心主要应该是多为他们着想，可能的话，给他们一些接济，而不应该过分地动感情。 Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.(to be continued) 动物，一旦它们的后代能够自己照料自己，它们就不管了；但是人，由于抚养子女的时间长，是难能可贵这样做的（待续） (from Portraits from Memory and Other Essays)（译自《记忆中的肖像及其它》） I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. 我认为，如果老年人对于个人以外的事情怀有强烈的兴趣，并参加适当活动，他们的晚年是最容易过得好的。 It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful, and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive. 在这一方面，他们由于阅历深，是能够真正做得卓有成效的，也正是在这一方面，他们从经验中得出的智慧既可以发挥作用，又不致使人感到强加于人。 It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education. 告诫成年子女不要犯错误，那是没有用的，一来他们不听你的，二来犯猎误本身也是受教育的一个重要方面。 But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests, you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with your children and grandchildren. 但是如果你这个人对于个人以外的事情不发生兴趣，就会感到生活空虚，要不你就老惦记着儿孙。 In that case you must realize that while you can still render （呈递，归还，着色，汇报，致使，放弃， 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 演，实施，给予补偿，交纳，粉刷，打底）them material service, such as making them an allowance (津贴，补助，宽容，允许，定量供应)or knitting （编织品，针织）them jumpers(跳跃者，跳高运动员，妇女穿的套头外衣，工作服), you must not expect that they will enjoy your company. 在这种情况下，你可要明白，虽然你还可以在物质方面给他们以帮助，比如给他们零用钱，或者为他们织毛衣，但你决不要指望他们会喜欢跟你作伴。 Some old people are oppressed （压抑）by the fear of death. 有些老年人因怕死而惶惶不安。 In the young there is a justification （认为有理，辩护，认为正当，释罪，理由）for this feeling. 年轻人有这种情绪是情有可原的。 Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably （有理由的）feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. 如果青年人由于某种原因认为自己有可能在战斗中死去，想到生活所能提供的最美好的东西自己都无法享受，觉得受了骗，因而感到痛苦，这是无可指责的。 But in the old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and ahs achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject (卑鄙的，可怜的)and ignoble（不光彩的）. 但是对老年人来说，他经历了人生的酸甜苦辣，自己能做的事情都做到了，怕死就未免有些可鄙，有些不光彩了。 The best way to overcome （战胜，克服，胜过，征服，得胜）it ---- so at least it seems to me --- is to make your interests gradually（逐渐地） wider and more impersonal（非个人的）, until bit by bit （渐渐，一点一点）the walls of the ego （自我，利已主义，自负）recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. 要克服这种怕死的念头，最好的办法——至少在我看来——就是要逐渐使自己关心更多的事情，关心那些不跟自己直接有关的事情，到后来，个人主义的壁垒就会慢慢消失，个人的生活也就越来越和社会生活融合在一起了。 An individual human existence should be like a river --- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately （充满热情的）past boulders （大石头，漂石）and over waterfalls（瀑布）. 人生应当像条何，开头河身狭窄，夹在两岸之间，河水奔腾咆哮，流过巨石，飞下悬崖。 Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede（退后）, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly（无痛的，不痛的） lose their individual being. 后来河面逐渐展宽，两岸离得越来越远，河水也流得较为平缓，最后流进大海，与海水浑然一体，看不出任何界线。从而结束其单独存在的那一段历程，但毫无痛苦之感。 The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. 如果一个人到了老年能够这样看待自己的一生，他就不会怕死了，因为他所关心的一切将会继续下去。 And if, with the decay（腐朽，腐烂，衰减，衰退） of vitality（活力，生命力，生动性）, weariness （疲倦，厌烦，疲劳）increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome（不受欢迎的，讨厌的）. 如果随着精力的衰退，日见倦怠，就会觉得长眠未尝不是一件好事。 I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done. 我就希望工作时死去，知道自己不再能做的事有人会继续做下去，并且怀着满意的心情想到，自己能做的事情都已做到了。 PAGE 5