2014年专业四级阅读理解分类练习(七)

专业四级阅读理解分类练习(七) 一、Reading Comprehension (Comprehension)（共40小题,共40.0分）In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two. 第1题 Two weeks ago, I placed an order on Amazon. com for a book titled Love and Consequences. The memoir's dust jacket promised a story of a young woman, named Margaret B. Jones, who survived Los Angeles gang life--and lived to tell about it. Problem is. The telling is a 300-page lie. Before the author's older sister notified the publisher that the book was made-up, New York Times book critic Michiko Kakutani wrote glowingly, "She captures the brutal realities of a place where children learn to sleep on the floor to avoid the random bullets that might come smashing through the windows and walls at night... She conveys the extraordinary stoicism (坚忍克已) of women like Big Morn, her foster mother, who raised four grandchildren while working a day job and a night job." But in fact, the name Margaret B. Jones was a pseudonym for Margaret Seltzer, a young woman who, according to a subsequent story in The Times, "grew up with her biological family in the prosperous Sherman Oaks neighborhood of Los Angeles." In that neighborhood, bullets don't often tear into walls, and moms don't often have to work two jobs to keep food on the table. Seltzer, 33 and now living in Oregon, reportedly got her inspiration for the book after working with LA organizations to fight gang violence. "I'm not saying, like, I did it right," Selzter said. "I did not do it right... Maybe it's an ego thing--I don't know. I just felt that there was good that I could do and there was no other way that someone would listen to it." This fabrication is just one of several that have recently managed to hit the bookshelves before publishers realize that they have been duped. At the beginning of March, a Holocaust (浩劫) memoir, Misha: A Memoire of the Holocaust Years by Misha Defonseca, was exposed as a fake. Two years ago, a popular memoir about a man's recovery from drug addiction, A Million Little Pieces by James Frey, was also famously discredited. Besides embarrassing the publishers and no doubt, ruining the reputation of the writers, such books also pose problems (though much smaller in scale) to those of us who have bought and/or read them. After all, memoirs are supposed to carry an extra amount of authority. When readers pick them up, they expect to enter a reality as seen by someone who has participated in it. Readers believe the conversations, characters and experiences--along with the emotions they invoke to be genuine (if sometimes a bit embellished). So when that lie finally arrives in the mail, will I be able to read it? I doubt it. The book will probably end up getting an undeserved slot on my bookshelf, and I'll probably never crack it open. After all, while reading about gunfire in the streets and moms raising kids in fatherless homes, I'd be unable to get this image of a younger Seltzer out of my mind: Instead of ducking her head when bullets pound her living room wall, she's sleeping soundly in a bed covered with pillows. Instead of being cared for by a tired woman working two jobs, she's the daughter of two successful professionals, and a loyal viewer of a popular crime drama on TV. Margaret B. Jones is the ______ for Margaret Seltzer. A penname B nickname C pet name D surname 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为语义词汇题。根据文中第4段pseudonym的释义，Margaret B．Jones应为Margaret Seltzer的笔名，故答案为A。 第2题 Seltzer feels ______ for the dishonesty in writing her memoir. A schadenfreude B helpless C regretful D inspired 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。从文中第5段Margaret Seltzer的叙述中提到的I did not do it right可以看出她对伪造自传一事存有悔意，故正确答案为C。 第3题 Which of the following statements is NOT true? A Fabrication does harm to the publisher, the writer and the readers as well. B A memoir should describe the brutal reality of the author's experiences. C Fabrication is not rare in publication. D Seltzer's memoir is completely inconsistent with the social reality in her childhoo 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。选项A和B在文中第7段可以找到相应叙述；文章第7段的事例及说明 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 明选项C是正确的。选项D的错误在于虽然Margaret Seltzer所著自传并非其亲身经历，但却是她童年所处时代社会面貌的真实反映，这一点在文中第3段书评家Michiko Kakutani的表述中得到印证，故D为正确答案。 第4题 Love and Consequences is NOT a ______. A make-up story B fake C fabrication D plagiaristic book 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为语义词汇题。Love and Comsequences是Margaret Seltzer根据自己童年时期的社会背景杜撰的一本自传，虽然该书描述的不是作者的亲身经历，但也并非是作者抄袭他人作品。选项A、B、C是同义词，意为“杜撰、捏造的作品”，选项D是“抄袭的作品”，故D为正确答案。 第5题 The author of this article ______. A is sympathetic to Seltzer B disgusts the act of fabrication C appreciates Love and Consequences as a mirror to the gang violence in Los Angeles D detests Margaret Seltzer 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为态度观点题。文章倒数第2段作者表达了对此类杜撰作品的态度，I'll probably never crack it open表明作者对杜撰自传这一行为的不齿，故B为正确答案。 第6题 High speed was one of the factors causing the deadly train disaster in Zibo, Shandong Province, Xinhua said on Tuesday. The Monday train collision killed at least 71 and injured 416 others by the time of press. It occurred when a passenger train from Beijing derailed and collided with an oncoming train on the Jinan- Qingdao line. Xinhua reported that the train from Beijing was traveling at 131 kilometers an hour, in excess of the 80-kilometer-an-hour speed limit, before it came off the tracks. Authorities had on Monday ruled out terrorism and said "human error" was to blame. In 2006, China made up a quarter of the world's total railway transport volume, while its track length only made up six percent of the world's total, according to the Ministry of Railways. On such busy tracks, a small error can cause chaos. The Zibo accident is the worst in China since 1997 when 126 people were killed in Hunan Province. That year coincided with the decision to raise train speed limits in China. In 1997, most trains were running at a mere 60 kilometers per hour. Last April, China boosted its railway speed for the sixth time raising the top train speed by 25 percent to 200 kph. Necessary safety measures were adopted prior to the speedup. For example, on lines that carry trains traveling at 160 kph or faster, protective nets were erected on both sides to prevent animals or people from being "sucked" on to the tracks. But still there are problems according to experts. One is that China doesn't have a special track system for passenger trains, which have to run with the comparatively slow freights. This not only reduces the efficiency of the whole transportation system but also jeopardizes safety. High-speed trains require more sophisticated tracks with regards to steel strength and engineering structures. The 384km Jinan-Qingdao line will soon solely be used for freight. A special line for passenger trains will be finished before the Olympics. Zang Qiji, a ministry researcher, said that most track beds in China were designed for speeds of 120 km/h, and were upgraded to 160 km/h in 1998. Some still lack the capability to handle speeds of 200 km/h. However, train travel is still comparatively safe in China. The accident rate on railways is 1/24 of China's highway. According to the ministry, deaths on the track declined by 43. 8 percent in 2007 compared with figures from 2006. Human error is the primary cause of accidents, according to a survey from 1989 ～ 2001 published by the periodical Railway Transport and Economy. About 64.6 percent of track accidents were caused by human errors, while 13.8 from natural disasters, 12.3 by social unrest. Only 9.2 percent were caused by facilities. What's the primary cause of the Zibo accident? A A passenger train from Beijing was traveling at 80 kilometers an hour. B The decision to raise train speed limits. C Social unrest. D Human errors. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为主旨大意题。文章第3段指出相关部门已排除恐怖主义并直接说明“人为错误”应该对此次事故负责。选项A若正确，则北京驶来的火车没有超速，事故并不会发生；选项B的错误在于误把此次火车提速当作事故的主要起因；选项C“社会动荡”在文中最后说明各种事故起因时虽有提及，但并不是此次事故的起因，故D为正确答案。 第7题 Before the sixth time of raising the top train speed, the top train speed was ______. A 200 kph B 60 kph C 131 kph D 160 kph 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。根据第6段Last April, China boosted its railway speed for the sixth time raising the top train speed by 25 percent to 200 kph一句，可以推断出第6次提速前，最快列车的时速应是160 kph，故正确答案为D。 第8题 Track upgrades can NOT stop human errors because ______. A the percent of speedup is too high B necessary safety measures were not adopted prior to the speedup C China doesn't have a special track system for passenger trains D the track length of China only made up six percent of the world's total in 2006 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。此题问的是火车轨道升级不能阻止人为错误的原因。选项A错误在于把这一原因归于提速比例过高；选项B意为：提速前未采用必要的安全措施，显然不是原因。选项D中国的轨道长度是无关项。故C：中国没有专为客车所设的特殊轨道系统，为正确答案。 第9题 We can infer that ______ from the sentence "deaths on the track declined by 43.8 percent in 2007 compared with figures from 2006" in paragraph 11. A no special track system for passenger trains doesn't jeopardize safety B the accident rate on railways is 1/24 of China's highway C train travel is still comparatively safe in China D human error is the primary cause of accidents 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。此题问的是从此句deaths on the track declined by 43.8 percent in 2007 compared with figures from 2006得出的结论。选项A意为：没有专为客车而设的特殊轨道系统不会危害安全，这显然与原文不符；选项B：火车轨道的事故发生率只有中国公路事故发生率的1/24，语义上虽然正确，但却不合题意；选项D：人为错误是事故的主因，也不合题意；故选项C为正确答案。 第10题 At present railway transportation in China faces the following problems EXCEPT that ______. A the track length can't meet the needs of the large railway transport volume B the speedup of railway transportation is not accompanied with necessary safety measures C passenger trains still share the same system with freight trains D some tracks lack the capability to handle speeds of 200 km/h 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。根据专家的意见，A、C、D均是仍然存在的问题，但B：铁路运输提速没有伴随必要的安全措施不是目前面临的问题，为正确答案。 第11题 Both Wang Juan, 23, and her boyfriend work with numbers. The insurance asset management adviser tracks market charts to help her clients maximize their profits. Her boyfriend, a graduate student at Beijing Jiaotong University, analyzes computer data to get an "A" from his tutor. Such are the lives of many young Chinese couples who have chosen different paths upon graduating from university, with women taking the initial role of breadwinners. Love still binds them, but financial and social pressures threaten to tear them apart. Gu Leilei started working in a state-owned company three years ago when her boyfriend, Liu Haitao, entered graduate school. At that time, she remembers paying most of the bills. "I once got frustrated when he only bought me a strawberry cake on my birthday," said Gu, 26. "I thought he would also give me a necklace and take me to the aquarium, as he had promised." Gu also remembers feeling pressure from family and friends. They encouraged her to find an established man with a house or a car, but she had different ideas. "Love outweighs material pursuits for me. I have absolute confidence in his getting a high-paying job soon," she said. As for Liu, he refuses to take her love for granted and tries his best to "fulfill his assumed role as a man". He works part-time and sometimes takes Gu to film showings on campus. "It is good for my self-respect and dignity as a man," said Liu. The couple plans to marry in April. However, others have seen their love fade with the social gap that appears when the woman goes to work. Fang Ye, who works for a German company in Shanghai, recently broke up with her boyfriend. "He's naive," the 25-year-old said. "When I complained about trouble in my office, he didn't seem to understand at all. I had to face it alone." Fang explained that, once she went to work, they had different circles of friends and little time to spend together. "My apartment is far away from his university, and sometimes when I got back from work tired, he was still reading in the library. " Common wisdom suggests that this financial and social imbalance is only short-term. Upon finishing graduate school, the man should be able to land a good job. But recent surveys suggest that a higher degree won't necessarily ensure a higher salary. According to a 2006 ～ 2007 income survey released by ChinaHR Corporation, people with higher degrees do earn better pay, but the yearly income of those with a master's degree is going down. Le Yue, 26, who now works for an overseas study agency, has had difficulty finding a job with a salary close to his girlfriend's. She earns more than 6,000 yuan at an entertainment magazine. But Le insists that his earning less doesn't make them less content as a couple. "Even though I might not be on the same starting line with her, I can work hard to catch up," he says. "And who earns more doesn't mean too much to me as long as we feel happy." Zhang Xiaoyuan, vice-director of the communication department of All China's Women Federation says that young people should be prepared to enter this kind of world. "In the old social conventions, men are expected to earn money and support the family. However, women are economically independent now. Their roles within the family can be flexible, according to the needs and situation." "In this phase, the girlfriends or wives take on more responsibility. However, when the women get pregnant, the husbands become the main breadwinner.\ When many young Chinese couples have chosen different paths upon graduating from university, which pressure they may NOT face? A The pressure from family. B The pressure from society. C The pressure from friends. D The pressure from lovers. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为主旨大意题。当年轻的情侣们选择了不同的道路之后，来自家庭、社会和朋友的压力在文中都有提到，故D：来自情侣本身的压力为正确答案。 第12题 Gu's example implicates that ______. A love outweighs material pursuits B women take the initial role of breadwinners C financial and social pressures threaten to tear the young couple apart D she should find an established man 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。这个例子主要是对Love still binds them, but financial and social pressures threaten to tear them apart的论证。选项A误认为此例说明爱情胜过物质追求；选项B认为此例说明女性担起了最初养家糊口的角色；选项D认为此例说明她应该找个事业有成的男性，A、B、D都不是举这个例子的主要原因，故正确答案为C，经济和社会压力对年轻情侣的威胁。 第13题 Why did Fang Ye break up with her boyfriend? A Social pressures. B He didn't seem to understand the trouble in her office. C He was naive. D They had different circles of friends and little time to spend together. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。根据该段However, others have seen their love fade with the social gap that appears when the woman goes to work的描述可以得知Fang Ye和其男友分手的原因主要是社会方面的差距。故不是选项B，其男友不理解她办公室的麻烦；也非选项C，他很幼稚或选项D，他们有不同的朋友圈并且很少有时间在一起。A为正确答案。 第14题 "But Le insists that his earning less doesn't make them less content as a couple" shows that ______. A Le Yue and his girlfriend are less satisfied with his low salary B Le Yue's low salary doesn't affect the couple's love C Le Yue and his girlfriend are more satisfied than other couples D Le Yue and his girlfriend are as satisfied as other couples 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为语义词汇题。这句话的意思是Le认为他们之间的感情不会因为他的收入问题而受到影响。故答案是B，他的收入较低不会影响他们的感情。 第15题 Which of the following statements is NOT true? A In the old social conventions, men should take the role of breadwinners of the family. B Lovers choosing different paths upon graduating from university will not easily become a couple. C The financial and social imbalance will not last for a long time. D With the increasing income of those with a master's degree, a higher degree definitely ensures a higher salary. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。选项A与文章倒数第2段men are expected to earn money and support the family相符；选项B与文章所举的几个事例相符；选项C与文章第11段this financial and social imbalance is only short-term相符；选项D与文章第11、12段的描述相悖。故D为正确答案。 第16题 The main idea of the article is ______. A love under social pressure B love binding young couples on different paths C different paths being a shot-term sacrifice D the social pressure of young couples 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为主旨大意题。整篇文章的主要内容便是论述年轻情侣在毕业时选择不同道路后面临的问题。选项A，社会压力下的爱情；选项C，不同道路只是短期的牺牲；选项D，年轻情侣的社会压力；这三项都只概述了 全文 企业安全文化建设方案企业安全文化建设导则安全文明施工及保证措施创建安全文明校园实施方案创建安全文明工地监理工作情况 的、某一方面，不够全面。故B的概括比较完整，为正确答案。 第17题 Cities across the country have not learned a thing from tearing down too many historic houses in a massive urban renovation in the last two decades. Sadly, big metropolises such as Beijing and Shanghai are setting bad examples. The recent decision to dismantle a former residence of Lu Xun in Beijing, one of China's greatest writers and thinkers, has sparked huge public outcry. This is an emergency that calls for immediate government intervention. In his downtown Beijing courtyard house, known as siheyuan in Chinese, Lu Xun wrote several well-known novelettes, such as Madman's Diaries and The True Story of Ah Q. These short stories, which are still included in high school textbooks, have influenced more than a generation of Chinese. The fact that few Chinese writers have had the same impact on the nation as Lu Xun in the last 80 years would make any of his former residences worthy of government protection. This was the very place where his popular stories were authored. This is the place where people could visit and be inspired. New constructions, no matter how tall and grand, are never going to produce the kind of mysticism (神秘) among the Chinese as this old courtyard house. The tragedy facing historic buildings is also happening in Shanghai, a city boasting a short yet prominent modern history. The Shanghai Rowing Club, a 1903 eclectic structure with Victorian and Baroque styles along the Suzhou Creek, is also being knocked down. Although officials later revised the plan and promised partial protection after appeals from conservationists such as Ruan Yisan, visitors to the club were appalled to find that the structure, including its landmark swimming pool, had mostly been destroyed. Although the developer may build a replica on the same site, it will no longer be considered a historic house. These are just two of the numerous stories about ruthless demolition of historic architecture happening across this country. After incessant (连续不断的) bulldozing, many cities have wiped out much of its history. In fact, fewer and fewer Chinese cities can still claim to be historic. In Beijing, 80 percent of the courtyard houses vanished in just half a century. The same is true for longtang, or alleys, which is characteristic of Shanghai's lifestyle in the past century. It is deeply disturbing that the profits of property developers or government revenues from selling downtown plots mean much more than those valuable historic and cultural legacies. It is deeply puzzling that while the rest of the world is doing whatever it can to preserve their history, our cities are obsessed with anything new. The myopia of city planners and the lack of laws for protecting our history is a cause for great concern. We have condemned those who destroyed temples and much of the nation 's history during the 10 years of the "cultural revolution" (1966～1976) as our children seem to have every reason to denounce us for the very same crime. We can infer from paragraph 6 that Ruan Yisan is ______. A a government official B a city planner C an environmentalist D a historic houses protector 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为语义词汇题。从文章第6段指出Ruan Yisan向政府请愿以保护Shanghai Rowing Club，以及conservationist一词的释义，可以推断出他(阮仪三)是一名历史建筑保护者，故D为正确答案。 第18题 The tragedy facing the historic buildings is NOT caused by ______. A the shortsightedness of the city planners B the lack of laws for protecting our history C the negative impact of the "cultural revolution" D the bad examples set by big metropolises such as Beijing and Shanghai 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。作者举文化大革命这个例子旨在说明破坏历史遗迹势必为后人所谴责，而文化大革命与当前由城市建设所引起的历史遗迹的破坏并无直接关系，故正确答案为C。 第19题 Which of the following statements is TRUE? A Only the former residences of China's greatest writers and thinkers like Lu Xun are worthy of government protection. B In the massive urban renovation, the whole world is unavoidably destroying the history. C Mysticism among the historic buildings can't be achieved by building replicas on the same site. D As a historic architecture, the Shanghai Rowing Club is characteristic of Shanghai's lifestyle in the past century. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。选项A的错误在于将历史遗迹保护对象仅限于鲁迅等著名作家、思想家的故居，从文中Shanghai Rowing Club这一实例可以推断这一选项是错误的。从文章第9段while the rest of the world is doing whatever it can to preserve their history可以判断城市建设所引起的历史遗迹的破坏并非不可避免，因此选项B是错误的。文章第6段对Shanghai Rowing Club作为a 1903 eclectic structure with Victorian and Baroque styles的描述表明它是西式建筑，不具有普遍性，不能代表上海旧时的日常生活风貌，因此选项D是错误的，故正确答案为C。 第20题 The author of this article mainly intends to ______. A blame Beijing and Shanghai for their ruthless demolition of historic architecture B emphasize the importance of historic buildings C advise the government to balance history protection with economy development in city planning D remind people of the tragedy of the "cultural revolution" 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为主旨大意题。这篇文章旨在建议各地政府在城市规划建设中除了考虑经济发展之外，更应该合理重视历史遗迹的保护。选项A和B都是论证的一个方面，选项D是作为说明这一主旨的反例，故正确答案为C。 第21题 As the first in her immigrant family to attend college, Lucia DiPoi said she had few clues about how to finance her college education. So when financial aid and low-interest government loans did not stretch far enough DiPoi applied for $ 49,000 in private loans. "How bad could it be?" She recalls thinking. Apparently it can get pretty bad. The rising costs of university tuition in the U. S. are pushing many young American like DiPoi toward private lenders with high, fluctuating interest rates. As a result, students are taking on large debts that will stay with them for years into their careers. Every American student has access to federal education loans. They are issued by the government at fixed, low interest rates. But since students often need more money than the federal loans provide, they are increasingly turning to private lenders. These lenders will happily loan out lots of money, but sometimes at changing interest rates much higher than those of federal loans. When DiPoi graduated from Tufts University in Boston, her debt had reaches $ 65,000 with interest. She owed an additional $19,000 in federal loans. Every month she has to pay $ 900 back. As a result, DiPoi, now 24, has had to give up her dream of working in a refugee camp overseas. The pay, she said, "would have been enough for me but not for Sallie Mac, the nation's largest student lender." New York State Attorney General Andrew M. Cuomo has called private loans the Wild West of lending. Private lending has become the fastest-growing sector of the student finance market, more than tripling over five years to $17.3 billion in the 2005 ～ 2006 school year, according to the College Board. Unlike federal loans, whose interest rates are capped by law-- now at 6.8 percent--these loans carry variable rates that can reach 20 percent, like those of credit cards. Many private loan agreements do not allow students to reduce the principal by paying extra amount each month unless they are paying off the entire loan. "It's a huge problem," said Barmak Nassirian, associate executive director of the American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers. "When a student signs the paper for these loans, they are basically signing their life away," Nassirian said. "We're putting these kids into debt for life." But Tom Joyce, a spokesman for Sallie Mac said the company's average interest rate on private student loans was just over 10 percent. The average young person also has little or no credit history. "What would the credit card interest rate be for that borrower-- 24, 25 percent?" Joyce asked. "Our goal is to make it possible for students to graduate.\ "Fluctuating" in the third paragraph means that the interest rate is ______. A extremely high B fixed C changing D growing 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为语义词汇题。根据fluctuating本身的词义可以判断私人贷款的利率是浮动的，此外，从文章第4段同联邦贷款at fixed, low interest rates的比较也可以推断出这一点，故答案为C。 第22题 Which of the following statement is NOT true? A In America, every student is allowed to apply for federal education loans. B It will take DiPoi about 8 years to pay off all her loans. C The interest rates of federal loans are controlled by law. D Each month after graduation many students can pay as much money as they can to clear their private loans. 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。从文中倒数第3段Many private loan agreements do not allow students to reduce the principal by paying extra amount each month unless they are paying off the entire loan可知，除非贷款学生一次性还款，许多私人借贷机构都不允许贷款人通过每月增加还款额从而降低实际还款额，选项D与此不符，故正确答案为D。 第23题 Andrew M. Cuomo called private loans the Wild West of lending because ______. A these private loans are putting students into debt for life B the average interest rate of private loans is much higher than that of federal loans C private loans are growing at a stunning speed D private loans are not under the control of federal laws 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。根据文章第6段的叙述，私人借贷额是五年前的三倍这一数据，可以推断出the Wild West喻指私人借贷如同西部大开发一样发展迅猛，故C为正确答案。 第24题 We can infer from this passage that the total amount of private lending in the 2001～2002 school year is ______. A $17.3 billion B about $ 5.7 billion C $ 51.9 billion D $ 8.65 billion 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。根据第6段的比较，2005～2006学年私人借贷额达173亿，是五年前的三倍，通过计算，B为正确答案。 第25题 Ever since Jing Youliang graduated from Wuhan University in 2003, he's been on the move. In the past four years, the 26-year-old has worked in Guangzhou, Wuhan and now Beijing Each of those moves gave Jing a headache--not because of all the packing, but because of the bureaucracy surrounding social security, which includes medical care, pension and unemployment. Moving to another place in China "means a lot more than leaving old friends and making new ones. It also requires leaping over hurdles that, if ignored, could jeopardize one's future benefits. "Every time I settle down in a new city, I have to set up a new social security account," explained Jing, a real estate agent. "When I want to leave, I have to transfer my accumulated payments to an account in Chongqing, or it may hurt my benefits in the future." According to the National Bureau of Statistics in 2006, about 147 million Chinese were part of the "floating population". About 52 million of them, or 35 percent, were young people aged 14 to 29. Such movement, however necessary for young people trying to settle into a career, can create problems that last long into the future. Social security funds are collected at the city and county level. Because of this, moving from one place to another means that wage-earners can lose some or all of their required investment. Under the current system, people cannot carry their whole social security funds with them during a move. Payments made by their former employer into the fund are surrendered to the local government. In most cases, those paid by wage-earners may only be transferred to the city on their residence permit, or hukou. Zheng Bingwen, a pension fund expert at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), blames this bureaucracy on local government protectionism. In China, around 2,200 units at county and city level collect and manage the social security funds of local citizens. "Cities don't want newcomers. Usually, they can't take the portion paid by their former employers. It is much larger than the amount individuals pay to the accounts. This means their arrival won't help much in expanding the city's fund, but there will be more to share it," said Zheng. Local governments gained control over social security in the 1980s, when the system was first established. "The central government didn't have the money to take on the financial burden of providing pension and medical care for the people," explained Zheng. So the local governments were requested to do it and they began to manage the fund, said Zheng. Last week, however, the central government took steps to begin fixing this problem. It aims to move control of the funds from the city and county levels to the provincial level. The move would combine those 2,200 separate funds into fewer, more centralized funds. However, as Zheng Gongcheng, professor of social security at Renmin University of China, explained, this reform has its own problems: "In Guangdong, for example, Guangzhou residents pay 8 percent of their personal wages towards social security. But in poor cities like Shaoguan, wage-earners pay only 6 percent," said Zheng. "The provincial government has to consider the difference and find a way around it. \ Which of the following does NOT "moving to another place in China" mean? A Leaving old friends and making new ones. B Losing some or all of their required investment. C Carrying the whole social security funds with people during a move. D Hurting one's benefits in the future without transferring his accumulated payments to another account. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为主旨大意题。题目问哪一选项不是移居异地带来的结果。选项A，离开老朋友结交新朋友；选项B，因为移居异地而失去部分或所有先前缴纳的资金；选项D，如果不转移原先积累的缴纳资金进另一账户，则会损害其将来的利益；这三项均在文中提及。故选项C，可以在移居过程中携带全部社保资金为正确答案。 第26题 "It also requires leaping over hurdles that, if ignored, could jeopardize one's future benefits" implicates that ______. A if ignored, could affect one's future benefits B if ignored, could hurt one's future benefits C if ignored, could facilitate one's future benefits D if ignored, could help to one's future benefits 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为语义词汇题。根据第3段内容，如果忽略该点，则会危害将来的利益，关键在于jeopardize的涵义“危害”。选项A的错误在于理解为“影响”不够具体；选项C和D错误在于理解为“有助于”，意思截然相反；故选项B为正确答案。 第27题 According to Zheng Bingwen, which of the phenomena does NOT reflect local government protectionism? A Cities don't want newcomers. B During a move, payments made by their former employer into the fund are surrendered to the local government. C In China, around 2,200 units at county and city level collect and manage the social security funds of local citizens. D Payments paid by wage-earners may only be transferred to the city on their residence permit. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。根据养老金专家的观点，哪一现象未反映地方政府的保护主义?选项A，城市不欢迎新的移居者；选项B，在迁移过程中，由先前雇主缴纳的资金会上缴给当地政府；选项D，只有雇员所支付的资金才可能转移到其户口所在地；这些都是地方政府保护主义的体现，故选项C，对于目前收集和管理社保资金现状的客观描述是正确答案。 第28题 The step that the central government will move control of the funds from the city and county levels to the provincial one may cause that ______. A the central government will have the money to take on the financial burden of providing pension and medical care for the people B the provincial government has to consider the fact that residents in different cities pay different percent of their personal wages towards social security C some people of those 2,200 units at county and city level may lose their jobs D the move would divide those separate funds into more funds 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。中央政府将采取措施，将城乡级的资金控制权转移到省级。根据后文广东省的例子可以得知，这一举措不得不使省级政府考虑不同城市公民可能缴纳不同比率社保资金这一事实。故正确答案为B。A、C、D虽然都在文中提及，但都不是这一现象导致的直接结果。 第29题 The article is under the best title of ______. A Social Security Slows Grads Mobility B The Bureaucracy and Protectionism of Local Government C How to Deal with Social Security Account D Fix the Problem of Social Security 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为主旨大意题。根据全文的中心思想，社保资金在人们移居异地时会出现问题从而给流动人口带来不便。故选项A，社保问题滞缓了毕业生的流动性比较贴切；选项B，地方政府的官僚和保护主义，过于宽泛；选项C，如何处理社保账户；选项D，解决社保问题，均偏离了主旨；故选A。 第30题 Invented by American computer scientists during the 1970s, the Internet has been embraced around the globe. During the network's first three decades, most Internet traffic flowed through the United States. In many cases, data sent between two locations within a given country also passed through the United States. Engineers who help run the Internet said that it would have been impossible for the United States to maintain its hegemony (统治权) over the long run because of the very nature of the Internet; it has no central point of control. And now, the balance of power is shifting. Data is increasingly flowing around the United States, which may have intelligence--and conceivably military--consequences. American intelligence officials have warned about this shift. "Because of the nature of global telecommunications, we are playing with a tremendous home-field advantage, and we need to exploit that edge," Michael V. Hayden, the director of the Central Intelligence Agency, testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee in 2006. "We also need to protect that edge, and we need to protect those who provide it to us." Indeed, Internet industry executives and government officials have acknowledged that Internet traffic passing through the switching equipment of companies based in the United States has proved a distinct advantage for American intelligence agencies. In December 2005, The New York Times reported that the National Security Agency had established a program with the cooperation of American telecommunications firms that included the interception of foreign Internet communications. Some Internet technologists and privacy advocates say those actions and other government policies may be hastening the shift in Canadian and European traffic away from the United States. "Since passage of the Patriot Act, many companies based outside of the United States have been reluctant to store client information in the U. S. ", said Marc Rotenberg, executive director of the Electronic Privacy Information Center in Washington. "There is an ongoing concern that U. S. intelligence agencies will gather this information without legal process. There is particular sensitivity about access to financial information as well as communications and Internet traffic that goes through U.S. switches. " But economics also plays a role. Almost all nations see data networks as essential to economic development. "It's no different than any other infrastructure that a country needs," said K · C · Claffy, a research scientist at the Cooperative Association for Internet Data Analysis in San Diego. "You wouldn't want someone owning your roads either." Indeed, more countries are becoming aware of how their dependence on other countries for their Internet traffic makes them vulnerable. Because of tariffs, pricing anomalies and even corporate cultures, Internet providers will often not exchange data with their local competitors. They prefer instead to send and receive traffic with larger international Internet service providers. This leads to odd routing arrangements, referred to as tromboning, in which traffic between two cites in one country will flow through other nations. In January, when a cable was cut in the Mediterranean, Egyptian Internet traffic was nearly paralyzed because it was not being shared by local I. S. P. 's but instead was routed through European operators. The issue was driven home this month when hackers attacked and immobilized several Georgian government Web sites during the country's fighting with Russia. Most of Georgia's access to the global network flowed through Russia and Turkey. A third route through an undersea cable linking Georgia to Bulgaria is scheduled for completion in September. Ms. Claffy said that the shift away from the United States was not limited to developing countries. The Japanese "are on a rampage(横冲直撞) to build out across India and China so they have alternative routes and so they don't have to route through the U. S." Andrew M. Odlyzko, a professor at the University of Minnesota who tracks the growth of the global Internet, added, "We discovered the Internet, but we couldn't keep it a secret." While the United States carried 70 percent of the world's Internet traffic a decade ago, he estimates that portion has fallen to about 25 percent. Internet technologists say that the global data network that was once a competitive advantage for the United States is now increasingly outside the control of American companies. They decided not to invest in lower-cost optical fiber lines, which have rapidly become a commodity business. That lack of investment mirrors a pattern that has taken place elsewhere in the high-technology industry, from semiconductors to personal computers. In the last three decades of the 20th century the United States is the dominator in the global data network because ______. A the Internet was invented by American scientists B most Internet traffic flowed through the United States C the internet has to be under the control of a central point D the United States shared their roads for Internet traffic with other countries 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。文章第1段提到在20世纪70年代起的30年间，绝大部分互联网讯息流通从美国开始，或经过美国，这就造就了30年间美国在这一领域的主导地位。选项A，文中并未提到美国人发明互联网是其占主导地位的原因；选项C和D均与文章陈述的事实相悖，故B为正确答案。 第31题 Which of the following statement is FALSE? A The passage of the Patriot Act helps the United States to maintain its hegemony in the Internet traffic. B U. S. intelligence agencies may gather some privacy information with illegal process. C More and more countries are looking forward to their independence in the Internet traffic. D USA's portion of the world's Internet traffic has decreased sharply in the past ten years. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。文章第6段指出those actions and other government policies may be hastening the shift in Canadian and European traffic away from the United States而the Patriot Act的实施，迫使美国境外的公司将其客户信息储存在美国，这不利于重要信息的保密，所以这一法令势必加速这些公司寻求其他途径以避开美国的控制，而选项A同这一事实相悖，故A为正确答案。 第32题 According to this passage, the shift of the Internet traffic away from the United States will affect the following aspects EXCEPT ______. A intelligence B military C economy D politics 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为逻辑推断题。选项A和B在文中第3段得到印证，选项C从第7、8段可以看出互联网讯息通道的转移会对金融等经济方面造成影响，而政治方面的影响文中并无表述，故正确答案为D。 第33题 By the end of this October, which of the following countries is unlikely to flow the global network data to Georgia? A Russia. B Egypt. C Turkey. D Bulgari 【正确答案】：B 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。文章倒数第5段明确指出Most of Georgia's access to the global network flowed through Russia and Turkey，此外an undersea cable linking Georgia to Bulgaria is scheduled for completion in September。所以从十月份起，Russia，Turkey和Bulgaria都会成为Georgia互联网络的流通渠道，故B为正确答案。 第34题 The odd routing arrangements of the Egyptian Internet traffic is caused by ______. A the competition between local Internet operators B the internet tariffs C the pricing anomalies of the Internet industry D the corporate cultures 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。文章第9段指出由于关税壁垒、价格差异以及企业文化等原因，同一国家的互联网供应商避免与本国同业者合作，而同国际供应商进行业务往来，这就造成了埃及国内两城之间的网络通讯要经由第三国这种奇怪现象，故答案为A。 第35题 We can infer from this passage that the author ______. A is proud of USA's invention of the Internet B criticizes the USA government policies in the Internet industry C is worrying about the future of the USA Internet industry D suggests not investing in low-cost products 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为主旨大意题。从美国在网络流通领域主导地位的丧失，到各国寻求经济信息等方面的独立性，以及美国开始考虑减少对低成本光纤的投资，这些无不表现了作者对美国互联网产业前景的担忧，故答案为C。 第36题 You have to respect Ronald Emmerich. He is a director who always thinks big. The man behind Independence Day and The Day After Tomorrow has made his name with end-of-the-world plots. His latest movie 10,000 B. C. is typically over the top. This prehistoric ethic follows the rise of D'Leh, who grows up in a tribe of hunters. He is forced to rescue his childhood sweetheart Evolet, who is kidnapped by slave raiders. The action in the movie comes thick and fast. For instance, in one scene you can feel the earth and your teeth shake, when the mighty herds of massive woolly mammoths smash through the vulnerable but athletic spear-carriers of D'Leh's tribe. But although the action scenes are enjoyable, the movie is let down by a predictable plot, wooden acting and at times sheer silliness. The movie flies in the face of even the most basic scientific and historical facts. So audience members will be left scratching their head as to why the main characters have dodgy Jamaican accents and why on their journey to the deserts of Africa, they travel across icy mountaintops and through the jungles of Asia. 10,000B.C. is a prime example of a movie that relies too heavily on CGI (computer generated imagery), at the expense of character development and a good script. Like other movies of the last decade such as Troy, Godzitla and The Hulk, the film spends too much time concentrating on how it looks, forgetting that it is plot, acting and dialogue that are the essence of good cinema. Chris Weitz, director of The Golden Compass, recently warned the movie industry that audiences are getting: fed up with an over reliance on CGI in films. "I believe that there will be very soon, if there isn't already, a backlash against the CGI-heavy effects movies," he said. Nobody disputes that the special effects are extraordinary in 10,000B.C. and that fantasy movies require CGI technology to bring them to life. The vast battle scenes in the Lord of the Rings films are a perfect example of how CGI and acting can work together beautifully. But for 10,000B.C. and a majority of action epics like it, the use of special effects has become an addition that seems insatiable. Films with special effects, are brilliant when they find a balance between the real and the imaginary. But as 10,000B.C. proves, many modern films find this balance unattainabl In the first paragraph "10,000 B. C. is typically over the top" means 10,000 B. C. is ______. A as successful as Independence Day and The Day After Tomorrow B more successful than Independence Day and The Day After Tomorrow C not so successful as Independence Day and The Day After Tomorrow D Ronald Emmerich's best movie 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为语义词汇及逻辑推断题。over the top词义本身为“太过分、太过火”，而根据作者后面文章里对影片10,000 B. C. (《史前十万年》)情节枯燥无味、动作僵硬老套等评价，说明该影片不如Ronald Emmerich前两部作品Independence Day(《独立日》)，The Day After Tomorrow(《后天》)成功，故C为正确答案。 第37题 Which of the following movies finds a balance between the real and the imaginary? A 20,000 B The Golden Compass. C  The Lord of the Rings. D Troy. 【正确答案】：C 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实题。文章倒数第2段指出The Lord of the Rings(《指环王》)是a perfect example of how CGI and acting can work together beautifully，而其他三部影片作者既批评其过度运用特技而忽略了故事情节，故C为正确答案。 第38题 Which of the following is incorrect? A 20,000 Ｂ. Ｃ. looks dull due to the abusive use of CGI. B CGI technology plays an important and necessary role in fantasy movies. C The audiences are getting tired of an over reliance on CGI in films. D Ronald Emmerich is blamed for the predictable plot, wooden acting and sheer silliness of 10,000 Ｂ. Ｃ.. 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为细节事实及逻辑推断题。选项A同第3段one scene you can feel the earth and your teeth shake及第4段the action scenes are enjoyable相矛盾；选项B同倒数第2段fantasy movies require CGI technology to bring them to life相符；选项C同倒数第3段audiences are getting fed up with an over reliance on CGI in films相符；选项D同第4段the movie is let down by a predictable plot, wooden acting and at times sheer silliness相符，故A为正确答案。 第39题 The main purpose of this passage is to ______. A denounce 10,000 B  criticize the over reliance on CGI in fantasy movies C  find a balance between the real and the imaginary D make an appeal to the directors of modern movies to find a balance between the real and the imaginary 【正确答案】：D 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为主旨大意题。作者以10,000 B. C. 为例，指出滥用特技而忽略故事情节是科幻电影的败笔，并以Troy，Godzilla和The Hulk为佐证，同时肯定了The Lord of the Rings特技与故事的成功结合，以此呼吁科幻片虚幻(特技)与事实(故事情节)的平衡，故正确答案为D。 第40题 The author holds a/an ______ attitude to CGI. A objective B critical C appreciative D negative 【正确答案】：A 【本题分数】：1.0分 【答案解析】 本题为态度观点题。作者既批评了10,000 B. C. 等滥用特技的影片，又肯定了特技在The Lord of the Rings中同故事情节的成功结合，同时呼吁科幻影片追求特技效果与故事情节的平衡，对CGI持客观的态度，故正确答案为A。 跟多试卷请访问《做题室》www.zuotishi.com